KR19980086535A - 집적 회로 구조체의 구리 오염 방지 방법 - Google Patents
집적 회로 구조체의 구리 오염 방지 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR19980086535A KR19980086535A KR1019980008640A KR19980008640A KR19980086535A KR 19980086535 A KR19980086535 A KR 19980086535A KR 1019980008640 A KR1019980008640 A KR 1019980008640A KR 19980008640 A KR19980008640 A KR 19980008640A KR 19980086535 A KR19980086535 A KR 19980086535A
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- Prior art keywords
- copper
- layer
- nitride
- tantalum
- barrier
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- HWEYZGSCHQNNEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tantalum Chemical compound [Si].[Ta] HWEYZGSCHQNNEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- WNUPENMBHHEARK-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tungsten Chemical compound [Si].[W] WNUPENMBHHEARK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 tungsten nitride Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000000992 sputter etching Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000029523 Interstitial Lung disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910008807 WSiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVHJCRXBQPGLOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynetungsten Chemical compound [W]#N IVHJCRXBQPGLOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000939 field's metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000052 poly(p-xylylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76843—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric
- H01L21/76844—Bottomless liners
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
- H01L21/76802—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
- H01L21/76802—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics
- H01L21/76807—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics for dual damascene structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
- H01L21/76829—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing characterised by the formation of thin functional dielectric layers, e.g. dielectric etch-stop, barrier, capping or liner layers
- H01L21/76831—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing characterised by the formation of thin functional dielectric layers, e.g. dielectric etch-stop, barrier, capping or liner layers in via holes or trenches, e.g. non-conductive sidewall liners
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76843—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76877—Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (23)
- 집적 회로 구조체를 제조하는 동안에, 구리 오염을 방지하는 방법에 있어서, ① 유전체층을 통해 기판 내에 위치된 구리 도전체로 비아(via)를 에칭하는 단계와, ② 상기 유전체층 위와 상기 구리 도전체 위에 있는 상기 비아 안으로 장벽 물질을 침착시키는 단계 ― 상기 장벽 물질은 상기 비아의 측벽을 덮고, 구리의 확산을 방지하도록 선택됨 ― 와, ③ 상기 기판을 방향성 에칭하여, 상기 유전체층과 상기 비아의 바닥 영역으로부터 상기 장벽 물질을 제거하고 상기 비아의 상기 측벽 상의 장벽 물질은 그대로 두는 단계 ― 상기 구리 도전체는 상기 방향성 에칭 단계 동안에 에칭됨 ― 와, ④ 상기 비아를 도전체로 충진시키는 단계를 포함하는 구리 오염 방지 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 충진 단계에서 사용된 상기 도전체는 상기 장벽 물질에 도포된 부착/장벽층과 상기 부착 장벽층에 도포된 구리를 포함하는 구리 오염 방지 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 충진 단계는 상기 구리 도전체의 산화 이전에 수행되는 구리 오염 방지 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 방향성 에칭 단계는 스퍼터링(sputtering)에 의해 수행되는 구리 오염 방지 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 침착된 장벽 물질은 탄탈, 티타늄 질화물, 실리콘 질화물, 탄탈 질화물, 텅스텐 질화물, 텅스텐 실리콘 질화물, 탄탈 실리콘 질화물로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택되는 구리 오염 방지 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 구리 도전체 위에 있는 상기 유전체 내에 측벽을 구비한 트렌치를 형성하는 단계를 포함하며, 상기 에칭 단계 동안에 형성된 상기 비아는 상기 트렌치와 연속하고, 상기 침착 단계는 상기 트렌치 안으로 상기 장벽 물질을 침착시키며, 상기 방향성 에칭 단계는 상기 트렌치의 상기 측벽 상에 상기 장벽 물질을 남기는 구리 오염 방지 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 충진 단계 이후에 상기 기판을 평탄화시키는 단계를 더 포함하는 구리 오염 방지 방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 평탄화 단계는 화학 기계적 연마에 의해 수행되는 구리 오염 방지 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 충진 단계는, ① 상기 장벽 물질 상에 부착/장벽층을 침착시키는 단계와, ② 상기 부착/장벽층 상에 구리를 침착시키는 단계를 포함하는 구리 오염 방지 방법.
- 제 9 항에 있어서, 상기 부착/장벽층은 금속성 도전체인 구리 오염 방지 방법.
- 제 10 항에 있어서, 상기 금속성 도전체는 탄탈, 티타늄 질화물, 탄탈 질화물, 텅스텐 질화물, 텅스텐 실리콘 질화물, 탄탈 실리콘 질화물로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택되는 구리 오염 방지 방법.
- 집적 회로 구조체에 있어서, ① 구리 도전체와, ② 상기 구리 도전체 위에 위치한 유전체층과, ③ 상기 구리 도전체에 접속된 상기 유전체층을 통해 형성된 비아 ― 상기 비아는 측벽을 구비함 ― 와, ④ 상기 비아의 상기 측벽 상에 위치한 구리 확산 장벽과, ⑤ 상기 비아 내에 위치하며, 상기 구리 도전체와 전기적으로 접촉하는 도전체를 포함하는 집적 회로 구조체.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 비아 내에 위치한 상기 도전체는 구리인 집적 회로 구조체.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 구리 확산 장벽은 두 개의 상이한 물질층으로 구성된 집적 회로 구조체.
- 제 14 항에 있어서, 상기 구리 확산 장벽을 형성하는 층의 제 1 층은 절연성 물질이며 상기 유전체층과 접촉하도록 위치하고, 상기 구리 확산 장벽을 형성하는 층의 제 2 층은 도전성 금속인 집적 회로 구조체.
- 제 15 항에 있어서, 상기 제 1 층은 실리콘 질화물이고, 상기 제 2 층은 탄탈, 티타늄 질화물, 탄탈 질화물, 텅스텐 질화물, 텅스텐 실리콘 질화물, 탄탈 실리콘 질화물로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택되는 집적 회로 구조체.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 구리 확산 장벽은 탄탈, 티타늄 질화물, 탄탈 질화물, 텅스텐 질화물, 텅스텐 실리콘 질화물, 탄탈 실리콘 질화물로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택되는 집적 회로 구조체.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, ① 상기 유전체층 내에 위치한 트렌치 ― 상기 트렌치는 상기 비아에 연속하고 측벽을 구비함 ― 와, ② 상기 트렌치의 상기 측벽 상에 위치한 구리 확산 장벽과, ③ 상기 트렌치 내에 위치하며, 상기 구리 전도체와 전기적으로 접촉하는 도전체를 더 포함하는 집적 회로 구조체.
- 제 18 항에 있어서, 상기 트렌치 내에 위치한 상기 도전체는 구리인 집적 회로 구조체.
- 제 18 항에 있어서, 상기 트렌치와 상기 비아 내의 상기 구리 확산 장벽은 동일한 것이며, 이는 두 개의 상이한 물질의 층으로 구성된 집적 회로 구조체.
- 제 18 항에 있어서, 상기 구리 확산 장벽을 형성하는 층의 제 1 층은 절연성 물질이며 상기 유전체층과 접촉하도록 위치하고, 상기 구리 확산 장벽을 형성하는 층의 제 2 층은 도전성 물질인 집적 회로 구조체.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 제 1 층은 실리콘 질화물이고, 상기 제 2 층은 탄탈, 티타늄 질화물, 탄탈 질화물, 텅스텐 질화물, 텅스텐 실리콘 질화물, 탄탈 실리콘 질화물로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택되는 집적 회로 구조체.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 트렌치와 상기 비아 내의 상기 구리 확산 장벽은 동일한 것이며, 이는 탄탈, 티타늄 질화물, 탄탈 질화물, 텅스텐 질화물, 텅스텐 실리콘 질화물, 탄탈 실리콘 질화물로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택되는 집적 회로 구조체.
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US4954142A (en) * | 1989-03-07 | 1990-09-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method of chemical-mechanical polishing an electronic component substrate and polishing slurry therefor |
JPH038359A (ja) * | 1989-06-06 | 1991-01-16 | Fujitsu Ltd | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
US5098860A (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1992-03-24 | The Boeing Company | Method of fabricating high-density interconnect structures having tantalum/tantalum oxide layers |
US5008217A (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1991-04-16 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Process for fabricating integrated circuits having shallow junctions |
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DE4331185C1 (de) * | 1993-09-14 | 1994-12-15 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Kontaktlochauffüllung in einem Halbleiterschichtaufbau |
US5770519A (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1998-06-23 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Copper reservoir for reducing electromigration effects associated with a conductive via in a semiconductor device |
US5674787A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1997-10-07 | Sematech, Inc. | Selective electroless copper deposited interconnect plugs for ULSI applications |
US5814557A (en) * | 1996-05-20 | 1998-09-29 | Motorola, Inc. | Method of forming an interconnect structure |
US5759906A (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 1998-06-02 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Planarization method for intermetal dielectrics between multilevel interconnections on integrated circuits |
-
1997
- 1997-05-19 US US08/858,139 patent/US5985762A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-03-06 TW TW087103298A patent/TW370681B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-14 KR KR1019980008640A patent/KR100288496B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1998-04-27 JP JP10116537A patent/JP2996946B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH10340865A (ja) | 1998-12-22 |
KR100288496B1 (ko) | 2001-05-02 |
TW370681B (en) | 1999-09-21 |
US5985762A (en) | 1999-11-16 |
JP2996946B2 (ja) | 2000-01-11 |
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