KR102340788B1 - A Manufacturing Method of the Whole Cottonseed which is inhibited germination using by cracking method. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a manufacturing method that removes the germination function of the front seal and improves the rumen usability through cracking of the front seal using a roll mill. By removing the germination function of the whole cotton thread, it is possible to fundamentally block the inflow of foreign genes into the country during its use, thereby protecting the domestic plant gene environment, as well as improving the digestibility in the rumen by creating a gap in the seed shell during the manufacturing process. way to increase it. In addition, there is provided a manufacturing method capable of eliminating the germination function of a full-face room in a very economical method that does not use additional energy in the manufacturing process.

Description

{A Manufacturing Method of the Whole Cottonseed which is inhibited germination using by cracking method.}

The present invention relates to cracking the outer skin in order to remove the germination function of the full face seal, which is widely used as a ruminant feed, and to remove the germination function of the full face seal during the manufacturing process. Specifically, a roll mill It relates to a method for manufacturing a full-face seal for livestock in which the germination function of the cotton yarn is removed and the feed value is improved by improving the use efficiency of the cotton yarn by using it.

[Document 1] Arieli, A. 1998. Whole cottonseed in dairy cattle feeding: a review. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 72 (1-2): 97-110

[Document 2] ISAAA, 2011. Intrnational Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications ( http://www.isaaa.org/ ).

[Document 3] Index mundi 2018, https://www.indexmundi.com/

[Document 4] Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1337883

[Document 5] Laird, W., T. C. Wedegaertner, and T. D. Valco. 1997. Coating cottonseed for improved handling characteristics. Proc. Belt wide Cotton Conf. New Orleans, LA 1599-1602

[Document 6] Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1551333

[Document 7] Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1824133

[Document 8] Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1824132

[Document 9] Ørskov, E. R., Hughes-Jones, M. and Eliman, M. E. 1983. Studies on degradation and outflow rate of protein supplements in the rumen of sheep and cattle. Livestock Prod. Sci., 10, 17-24.

Whole cotton seed is the seed remaining after removing coarse cotton from cotton (cotton), and some lint is attached to the outside of the seed. When used as feed, full-fledged yarn has good palatability and high energy (2.3Mcal NEI/kg), and contains about 15-17% fat, 15-21% protein, 85-90% TDN (total digestible nutrients), and crude fiber. It has a high nutritional content of about 24% (26-31% ADF), and the lint that wraps the cotton yarn is pure cellulose and is 100% digested by the rumen microbes, so it has a very high feed value (Arieli, A. 1998. Whole cottonseed in dairy cattle feeding: a review. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 72 (1-2): 97-110).

The full-fledged yarn is characterized by high energy content and crude fiber content at the same time, so it is very helpful to increase the flow rate and normal milk fat of high-capacity cows. In particular, the vegetable fat inside the parchment chamber is protected by the seed coat surrounding the parchment chamber, so it is not decomposed in the rumen of ruminants, but is used in the small intestine, so energy efficiency is very high.

With the increase of the world's population, gene-related technologies are being applied to agriculture. Cultivation of Living Modified Organisms (LMOs) is increasing worldwide (ISAAA, 2011). LMO cotton wool accounts for 15.4% of the total cultivated area of LMO crops (ISAAA, 2011. International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (http://www.isaaa.org/). It is corn, but cottonseed accounts for the second largest amount, with a level of 150,000 tons as of 2018 (Index mundi 2028, https://www.indexmundi.com/) LMO cottonseed imported for feed maintains its germination ability. As a result, there is a possibility that the modified gene has been unintentionally leaked into the domestic environment, which is a limiting factor in the revitalization of the feed industry as the process of manufacturing and distribution of feed is difficult according to the domestic LMO-related laws. The development of this technology will greatly contribute to the development of the domestic feed industry, and furthermore, it will be possible to fundamentally prevent the unintentional release of foreign genes into the domestic natural environment.

The present inventors have developed a technology for coating the whole face seal using an appropriate mixture of gelatinized starch and lignosulfate as a binder (Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1337883; coated full face seal for livestock feed using a binder) manufacturing method).

However, when the gelatinized starch used as a binder in the above method is mixed with water, it is not evenly mixed with the front seal due to its unique stickiness, so that it becomes entangled and agglomerated, resulting in poor production efficiency. Moreover, since the price of luxury starch is more than twice that of general starch, it has the disadvantages of increasing the production cost and worsening the economic feasibility, as well as having the disadvantage of limiting the choice of coating agents. However, in the above method, since 5-30% (w/w) of purified water is used relative to the weight of the cotton thread to form the whole cotton thread, drying is essential. When the amount used is increased, the amount of purified water used is also relatively increased. For this reason, drying cost accounts for the largest proportion of manufacturing costs (Laird, W., TC Wedegaertner, and TD Valco. 1997. Coating cottonseed for improved handling characteristics. Proc. Belt wide Cotton Conf. New Orleans, LA 1599-1602 ).

In addition, the present inventors have developed a method for manufacturing a high-strength coated full-face seal for livestock feed using high-viscosity starch that has been gelatinized by removing the germination function of the front seal and gelatinizing the starch during the manufacturing process using high-temperature and high-pressure steam. (Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1551333). Specifically, (1) a first step of removing lint from the front chamber; (2) a second step of preparing a mixture by mixing the coating agent and purified water in the front chamber; (3) a third step of spraying high-temperature and high-pressure steam to the mixture to remove the germination function while stirring the mixture, and gelatinizing the mixed coating agent to prepare a binder; (4) It relates to a manufacturing method for manufacturing a coated livestock feed full-face seal comprising a fourth step process of cooling the binder without a drying process.

However, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam used to remove the germination function in the above commercial method consumes a large amount of energy in the steam treatment process. In addition, since the moisture content of the front chamber is increased in the steam treatment fixing, additional energy is required to lower the increased moisture, thereby increasing the production cost.

In addition, the present inventors have disclosed a method for manufacturing a front room chamber characterized in that the step of coating the surface of the front room room is omitted, that is, (1) a first step of removing lint from the front room room; (2) a second step of preparing a water-containing front seal by adding purified water to the front room; (3) a third step of removing the germination function while stirring the mixture by spraying high-temperature and high-pressure steam to the water-containing front chamber; (4) developing a manufacturing method for manufacturing an uncoated full face seal for livestock feed including a fourth step process of drying and cooling the full face seal (Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1824133); A new comparatively few steps for preparing the front room for feed in which the lint removal step and the coating step of the front room are omitted, that is, (1) a first step of preparing an hydrated front room by adding purified water to the front room; (2) a second step of removing the germination function while stirring the mixture by applying high heat to the water-containing battery compartment or by spraying high-temperature and high-pressure steam; (3) A method for manufacturing a full face seal for livestock feed containing uncoated lint including a third step process of drying and cooling the full face seal has been developed (Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1824132).

However, none of the above documents discloses or teaches a method for removing the germination function of a full-face seal at a low cost, and a method for removing the germination function and at the same time improving the utility of the full-face seal in ruminants.

Therefore, in the present invention, by cracking the outer shell of the cotton thread to remove the germination function and at the same time to improve the usability of the cotton thread in ruminants, (1) the cotton thread is germinated in the distribution or manufacturing process and a foreign gene was fundamentally blocked from entering the environment, and (2) the germination function was removed at a low cost, and the usability of cotton yarn in ruminants was improved.

The present inventors have confirmed that the introduction of foreign genes into the environment is fundamentally blocked by removing the germination function of the front chamber, and have completed the present invention by confirming that the usability in ruminants is improved.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a manufacturing method that removes germination function by cracking the outer skin of the all-front chamber and improves the usability of the all-front chamber in the rumen.

Specifically, the present invention provides a manufacturing method for manufacturing a full-face yarn with a germination function removed, which is characterized by cracking the outer skin of the front yarn using a roll mill.

More specifically, the present invention (1) uses a roll mill composed of two high-speed rollers and two low-speed rollers in order to remove the germination function of the battery seal, and (2) the roller The surface material of the granite stone, the surface of the two rollers (roller) has a structure without grooves, characterized in that it includes the step of adjusting the spacing, rotation ratio, and rotation speed of the two rollers , to provide a manufacturing method for producing a full-fledged cotton yarn in which the germination function is removed and the usability of the cotton yarn in the rumen is improved.

More specifically, the present invention provides a full face seal with improved germination function and improved usability in the rumen at the same time, characterized by using a cracking device and conditions having the following characteristics. A method of preparation is provided:

The cracking (Cracking) apparatus has features that the home high speed roller (roller) and the low speed roller (roller) 2 pieces consisting roll mill as (roll mill) the material of the roller (roller) is a stone of granite and the roller (roller); (2) the gap between the high-speed roller and the low-speed roller is 1.5 mm to 2.3 mm, preferably 1.9 mm to 2.1 mm, and the rotation ratio between the high-speed roller and the low-speed roller is 1 : A rotation ratio of 1.5 to 2.5, preferably 1: A rotation ratio of 1.8 to 2.2, and a low-speed roller among two rollers composed of a high-speed roller and a low-speed roller having different rotational speeds. The rotational speed is 200 to 300 RPM, preferably 230 to 280 RPM.

As another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention comprises: (1) a first step of supplying a battery seal to a roll mill composed of two high-speed rollers and two low-speed rollers; (2) the high-speed roller and the low-speed roller in the first stage The gap between the two rollers is 1.5 mm to 2.3 mm, preferably 1.9 mm to 2.1 mm, and the high-speed roller and the low-speed roller The rotation ratio between the two rollers is 1: 1.5 to 2.5, preferably 1: 1.8 to 2.2, and two high-speed rollers and two low-speed rollers having different rotation speeds The rotation speed of the low-speed roller among the rollers of the At the same time as the germination function is removed at a level at which the embryos of Provided is a manufacturing method for manufacturing a cotton yarn with improved usability in the rumen of the cotton yarn.

As defined herein, the All-Wave Seal is characterized by an imported or domestic All-War seal from Australia, the United States, China, India, Pakistan, Brazil, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Greece, Vietnam, Argentina and Greece.

In the present invention, the method of combining the spacing, rotation ratio, and rotation speed of two rollers is a very important factor in maximizing the effect of the present invention, and it is preferable to apply all conditions at the same time rather than individual conditions. This is the optimal condition to prevent the outer shell of the cracked front chamber from being destroyed by the difference in the rotation ratio between the two rollers with different rotational force and rotational speed of the roller, so that the embryo of the seed does not leak to the outside. for the implementation of

The present inventors confirmed that the optimal level of cracking size capable of eliminating the germination rate while minimizing the external change in the comparison experiment (Example 1) of the germination rate by cracking size of the full-face room was at the level of 2 mm; In order to completely remove the germination function of the front room in the specific experiment (Example 2) of the throughput by cracking conditions of the front room, a roll mill made of granite and without grooves is suitable It was confirmed that the rotation ratio between the two rollers of the roll mill was 1:2, and the rotation speed of the roller with the lowest rotation speed among the two rollers was 250 RPM; In an experiment (Example 3) for measuring nutritional components and fatty acid peeling by level of cracking of cottonseeds, the cracking size did not affect the nutritional components of whole cottonseeds and the content of free fatty acids that measure fatty acidity. confirmed that; In the in situ ruminal degradability) measurement experiment (Example 4) according to cracking, cracking of 2 mm of the entire surface chamber improves the initial usability of the full surface chamber, and mainly increases the initial availability of fat. By confirming that there is an effect, the present invention does not use additional energy to remove the germination function in the manufacturing process and gives only physical transformation, not chemical transformation, so that the production cost reduction effect is large, so the usability can be increased acknowledged that there is.

In addition, the technology related to the removal of the germination function of the cotton yarn through high-temperature and high-pressure steam treatment for the entire surface chamber developed by the present inventors (Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1551333; the coated cotton yarn with the germination function removed), the manufacturing process In the present invention, although a lot of energy is required because steam has to be continuously applied to the front chamber, the cracking method developed through the present invention is very energy efficient because no additional energy is entered, and it is very economical compared to the existing method. Because it is a method, it contributes greatly to national energy conservation.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a full-face seal from which the germination function is removed, manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the present invention.

The germination function of the full face seal manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the present invention is removed compared to the conventional all face seal, and the germination function of the full face seal is removed during the manufacturing process, so that foreign genes are fundamentally prevented from flowing into the domestic natural environment. It can be blocked, contributing greatly to the protection of domestic plant genetic resources, and ruminant microorganisms can penetrate through the cracks in the seed coat during the manufacturing process, so its utility is higher than that of general cotton yarn. Moreover, in order to remove the germination function in the manufacturing process, it does not use additional energy and only gives a physical transformation rather than a chemical transformation, so that the production cost reduction effect is large, so its usability can be increased.

As described above, the method of removing the germination function of the whole cotton thread according to the present invention not only allows the ruminants to use the nutrients of the whole cotton thread to the maximum, but also removes the germination function, so that the exogenous cotton thread gene is used in the domestic natural environment. It can fundamentally block the influx of genes into the country, contributing greatly to domestic gene protection. Feed manufacturers in accordance with the domestic LMO Management Act and the Feed Management Act also greatly contribute to the simplification of administrative tasks. Overall, the full-fledged room with the germination function removed increases its usability as a feed resource, and since it does not require additional energy in the manufacturing process, it has a significant effect on reducing production costs, thus contributing to the development of the feed industry.

1 is related to the structure of the roll mill presented in the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on the following examples.

However, the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1. All-round room Comparison of germination rate by cracking size (see Fig. 1)

In this example, the germination rate by cracking size was measured for cotton yarn from the United States, Australia, and Brazil, which are the most used in Korea.

A roll mill (Sungchang Machinery, SR-100, Korea) was used to crack the cotton seal of the battery, and the roll mill consisted of two rollers, roller A and roller B. This model is constructed, and the material of the roller is granite, the rotation ratio of the roller to the roller is 1:2, and the RPM is 250RPM.

In order to measure the germination rate, 30 full-fledged yarns by nationality were placed on the germination bed (120 mm × 115 mm) and cultured in an incubator under dark conditions at 25°C (JSGI-100T, JS Research, Korea). Germination was observed and recorded every 24 hours for 2 weeks.

The germination rate of all wool yarns without cracking was 65.8% in the US, 75% in Brazil, and 90.8% in Australia. In this case, more than 60% of all cotton threads of all nationalities germinated and the germination function was practically maintained. between two rollers The gap was 1mm and germination did not occur in all nationalities during cracking, but the appearance of the cotton thread was severely broken and the amount of powder was very high. If the gap between the two rollers was 2 mm and cracked, the original shape was maintained, and it was not possible to confirm whether cracking occurred in relation to the tube. It was at a level that could be confirmed, and the germination rate was 0% for all imported cotton threads. It was confirmed that the optimal cracking size level that can remove the germination rate while minimizing the external change is at the level of 2 mm.

Example 2. Throughput by Cracking Conditions of the Front Room

In this example, the setting value is 2 mm, which is the minimum level of cracking that removes the germination rate confirmed in the setting experiment for each appropriate cracking size confirmed in Example 1, and setting conditions that can speed up the processing speed For this purpose, experiments were conducted with different types and operating conditions of the roll mill.

For the all-screen seal used in the experiment, the American-made full-face seal, which is the most used in Korea, was used. In the test, the material of the roll mill roller is granite, and the type A model without grooves (Sungchang Machinery, SR-100, Korea) and the material of the roller of the roll mill This metal and grooved type B (Type B) model (Sejeong Tech, DK104)) was used.

In order to calculate the proper operating conditions of the roll mill, a test for each condition is conducted to calculate the optimal production volume by using the rotation ratio and rotation speed of the two rollers of the roll mill as variables. did The rotation ratio was 1:1 to 1:3, and the RPM of the low-speed roller at this time was 250RPM.

An electric device (inverter, SV022iG5A-2, LS Industrial Systems) was used to control the rotational speed, and the RPM of the motor was multiplied by the gear ratio and calculated using the formula of Equation 1.

In the course of the experiment, the gear ratio of the roll mill was 1:2 for the highest productivity, and when comparing productivity according to the roller mill speed, the gear ratio was measured as 1:2.

As a result of measuring production by varying the rotation ratio of the two rollers of a roll mill composed of two rollers, when the gear ratio of the roll mill operates at a ratio of 1:2 production was the highest regardless of the type of roll mill.

Type B, which is made of stainless steel and has a groove on the surface of the roller (generally, for smooth feeding, the surface of the roll is grooved with a groove depth of 1 mm and a groove width of 1 mm) The raw roller (roller continuously dug in diagonal direction) had higher productivity than Type A (Type A) under the same conditions, but there was a disadvantage that cracking was not 100% due to the grooves dug in the roller. . As a result of measuring the germination rate of cracked full-face yarn with Type B, germination occurred at the level of 1 to 5%.

This is considered to be due to the phenomenon that, when the distance between the two rollers is 2 mm, the cotton seal enters the groove (depth 1 mm, width 1 mm) dug on the surface of the roller, and for this reason, it is not cracked properly. It is judged that this is because conditions similar to those in which the germination rate is not completely removed when the roll mill interval is 3 mm in the previous cracking size experiment were created.

In the experiment in which the RPM of the roll mill was adjusted under the condition that the rotation ratio of the derived roll mill was 1:2, the processing speed increased as the RPM increased. ) all increased. In the Type A roll mill, there was no additional increase in production when the RPM was increased from 250 to 350 (based on low-speed rollers).

It was confirmed that the roller surface of the Type A roll mill is made of stone and is quite smooth, so that excessive rotation does not lead to an additional increase in production. In the Type B roll mill, there was a phenomenon of 2 to 6% germination as in the previous rotation ratio experiment.

In summary, for the complete removal of the germination function of the front seal, the roll mill was suitable for the material of granite and type A without grooves, and between the two rollers of the roll mill. It was confirmed that the rotation ratio is 1:2, and the rotation speed of the roller with the lowest rotation speed among the two rollers is 250 RPM.

Example 3. Measurement of nutritional components and fatty acid fatness by level of cracking cotton thread

In this example, the world's most exported and most imported US cotton was used for the experiment. The roll mill (Sungchang Machinery, SR-100, Korea) used to crack the front seal was made of stone, and the rotation ratio of the roller and the roller was 1:2, and the RPM was 250. The moisture content of the nutrient components of the cracked whole wool yarn was analyzed according to AOCS Aa3-38, the protein content according to the AOAC 2001.11 method, and the fat content according to the AOAC 2003.05 method.

Free fatty acid (FFA) content was analyzed according to the AOCS Aa 6-38 method. Analysis was performed immediately after cracking.

As a result of analyzing the nutritional components of the whole cotton seal after cracking by varying the cracking size, the moisture content is 10.1±0.1%, the protein content is 21.0±0.2%, the fat content is 14.5±0.1%, and the free fatty acid (Free fatty acid) content was analyzed at the level of 4.4±0.2%, and it was confirmed that the cracking size did not affect the nutritional components of the whole room and the free fatty acid content, which measures fatty acid disintegration.

Example 4. Measurement of in situ ruminal degradability according to cracking

In order to compare the ruminal degradability of the 2 mm size cracked whole cotton yarn prepared in the above Example with that of the general cotton yarn, a specific experiment was performed on the in situ ruminal degradability) method described in the existing literature. was carried out as follows using (Ørskov, ER, Hughes-Jones, M. and Eliman, ME 1983. Studies on degradation and outflow rate of protein supplements in the rumen of sheep and cattle. Livestock Prod. Sci., 10, 17-24.)

Specimens Animals: This was conducted using two Korean cattle (average of 525±3 kg, mean±SD) equipped with a rumen cannula.

Feed was fed twice a day (08.00 and 17.00 hours), daily TMR (Total mixed ration) was 12 kg, TMR was 40% pineapple by-product, 35% rice straw, formulated It was prepared by mixing 14.9% of formulated feed, 9.9% of cottonseed, 0.1% of limestone, and 0.1% of vitamin premix. The nutritional components of the fed TMR were 47% water, 10.1% protein, 4.5% fat, 62.3% TDN, 0.8% Ca, and 0.4% P.

For the experiment, a US-made full-faced seal was used. As a control, non-cracked whole cotton yarn was used, and as a treatment group, a 2 mm cracked cotton yarn was used. 5 g of the sample was placed in a Dacron bag (Dacron bag, 10 × 20 cm, 53 ± 10 μm pore size; R1020, Ankom Technology, Macedon, NY, USA) and sealed, 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, Incubated for 48 hours. The zero-hour bag was washed with running water until clear water came out. A bag that was cultured in the rumen was also analyzed after treatment in the same way.

DM (Dry matter) and CP (Crude protein) are 53-μm filterable and soluble fraction (A), insoluble but degradable fraction (B), insoluble fraction ( non-degradable fraction) (C). After incubation for 48 hours, the dry matter and protein remaining in the bag were classified as non-digestible.

Degradability of DM, CP, and EE (Ether extract, crude fat) was calculated by the formula of Equation 2 below, and the rumen passing rate was assumed to be ^{two (KpB=0.025 or 0.05h -1 ).}

As the whole face seal is cracked to 2 mm, the water soluble and 50 μm filterable fraction and the insoluble degradable fraction of the dry matter fraction are respectively It increased in units of 2.5% and 10.7% (P<0.05), and the non-degradable fraction decreased by 13.2% (P<0.05).

The CP (crude protein) fraction did not differ between the water soluble and 50㎛ filterable fraction and the insoluble degradable fraction according to 2 mm cracking. However, the non-degradable fraction decreased by 11.1% (P<0.05).

Through this, it was confirmed that 2 mm cracking had the effect of improving the final availability without affecting the initial availability of the protein. The EE (Ether extract) fraction was increased by 2 mm cracking, a water soluble and 50 μm filterable fraction and an insoluble degradable fraction ( P<0.05), the relatively non-degradable fraction decreased by 30.3% (P<0.05).

This is considered to be due to the leakage of fat through this crack during the rumen culture process as cracks are created in the outer skin of the front chamber due to cracking. , mainly confirmed the effect of increasing the initial availability of fat.

Claims (7)

A manufacturing method for manufacturing a full-face seal with a germination function removed, characterized by using a cracking device and operating conditions having the following characteristics:
The cracking device is a roll mill composed of two high-speed rollers and a low-speed roller. The material of the roller is granite stone, and the roll has no grooves. The gap between the two rollers of the high speed roller and the low speed roller is 1.9 mm to 2.1 mm, and the rotation ratio between the two rollers of the high speed roller and low speed roller is 1: 1.8 to The rotation ratio is 2.2, and the rotation speed of the low-speed roller among the two rollers having different rotation speeds is 230 to 280 RPM. The method of claim 1,
The manufacturing method for manufacturing the all-screen seal with the germination function removed, characterized in that the all-screen yarn is imported from Australia, the United States, China, India, Pakistan, Brazil, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Greece, Vietnam, Argentina, Greece, or domestically-made cotton yarn. delete delete delete delete delete

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