KR101847686B1

KR101847686B1 - Composition of animal feed additive comprising pozzolan and use thereof

Info

Publication number: KR101847686B1
Application number: KR1020150045111A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 이관호; 최규택; 박병성; 박상오
Original assignee: 주식회사 모닝스타
Priority date: 2015-03-31
Filing date: 2015-03-31
Publication date: 2018-04-10
Also published as: KR20160116819A; WO2016159423A1; CN107427030A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pozzolana-containing composition for adding a livestock feed, and more particularly, to a composition for adding a pozzolana, and more particularly, to a composition for adding a pozzolan, which is excellent in antibacterial effect that can replace conventional antibiotics, And a novel use of the composition for adding a livestock feed as an active ingredient.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an additive composition for animal feed comprising pozzolan,

The present invention relates to an additive composition for a livestock feed comprising Pozzolan as an active ingredient and its use.

Organic livestock means that livestock that have not undergone embryo transfer or genetic modification during the production of livestock products are based on feeds that do not use chemical fertilizers or pesticides and that have not undergone genetic modification. In addition, antibiotics, growth hormones, animal Processing and environment control in a natural way in an environment where exercise, resting space, and grassland are combined, rather than intensive plant breeding, in which feeds that do not use artificial synthetic additives such as by-product feeds, animal drugs, Distribution, evaluation and display of livestock and their livestock products.

Certification of organic livestock products includes the production and distribution of organic livestock products to end productive livestock products. The most difficult part of the implementation of organic livestock farming is the prevention and prevention of disease during rearing when antibiotics are not used. To this end, it is necessary to administer a feed additive with immunity and antimicrobial / antiviral activity.

In 2010, the global organic food market grew 12.4% YoY to US $ 59,341 million, and by 2015, the market will grow by 48.4% to US $ 88,069.3 million. The global organic food market is dominated by Europe (Germany, UK), North America and Australia. In particular, the US is the largest market in the world over Europe, accounting for 49% of total organic food revenue in 2009 . Demand for organic food is concentrated in Western European countries such as Europe and the Americas. In particular, as a result of eco-friendly organic livestock production, the EU stipulated that the feed used for the production of organic livestock products from 2005 should use 100% organic feed, and antibiotics should no longer be allowed (Commission Regulation EC 2277, 2003) (European Union Commission, 2005). In Germany, the word 'bio' means only organic certified products, and some certified additives such as water, salt and yeast are not recognized as agricultural products, so the word organic can not be used. In Germany, more than 95% of the raw materials must be procured through organic farming, and the use of genetically modified materials should be prohibited in order to qualify for organic certification.

As a result, developed countries are making efforts to implement effective organic livestock farming measures and realize them. However, the demands of consumer organizations and NGOs for organic livestock production are very high, especially in the US and EU. However, the scale of organic livestock farming is still small and lags behind the international standardization of food.

In Korea, we apply the Korean-type organic livestock farming regulations that are appropriate for our situation based on the organic livestock farming standards of the International Food Standards Committee (CODEX), and actively promote the scale and breeding system of the most economical organic livestock farming in Korea. It is at the time of enforcement.

In Korea, the implementation scale of organic livestock is very small and there is insufficient part in international standardization of food. Therefore, in Korea, based on the organic livestock farming standards of Korea, Korea established the Korean organic livestock farming regulation as the enforcement regulation of the environment friendly farming farming law in 2001 and developed the specification system of organic livestock farming suitable for the Korean farming industry. It is at this point.

The certification criteria for domestic organic livestock are the conversion period (12 months after stocking of Korean cattle, 6 months of pigs after birth), more than 85% of livestock feed, more than 80% of livestock feed, more than 80% Only antibiotics and growth promoters should not be used. According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Notice 2004-72, 18 species (anticancid 9 species, growth promoter 9 species) have been restricted from December 2007, and the use of antibiotics is prohibited in 2012 as a growth promoter for livestock.

In particular, by abusing antibiotics in humans and livestock, superb bacteria, which selectively express antibiotic resistance in vivo, have emerged. 2009), fish (Matyar et al., 2004), and livestock foods (Toroglu et al., 2009; Jones et al., 2002) have been used to study the antibiotic resistance genes in the environment (Shakibaie et al. The presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) in patients hospitalized in resistant strains and hospitals (Cosgrove et al., 2005) has become a serious social issue (Toroglu et al., 2005; Perl , 1999). It is urgent to develop a new antibiotic substitute that can replace antibiotics to improve the productivity of livestock, reducing the damage and losses that may occur when farm-based antibiotics are not used in factory-intensive livestock industry (Dibner and Richards, 2005). Development of antimicrobial growth promoting materials from natural products capable of replacing antibiotics against livestock is actively proceeding without concern about the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in humans and animals.

Currently, the use of antibiotics and antimicrobials in livestock around the world is being tightened due to the safety issue of livestock products. In particular, regulations on the use of antibiotics added to compound feeds will be strengthened in the future, It is avoiding the use of long-term antibiotics. In addition, the abuse of antibiotics causes the development of antibiotic resistant pathogens.

Therefore, there is a need to develop new materials capable of preventing or treating livestock diseases while eliminating antibiotics, such as immunity enhancement, antiinflammation, growth promotion, and antimicrobial / antiviral effects.

U.S. Published Patent Application 2014/0134308

The present invention aims to provide an antimicrobial composition for feed which is capable of replacing antibiotics, and more particularly, to an antimicrobial composition for animal feed which can suppress harmful bacteria and improve immune function for livestock feed, And an object of the present invention is to provide an antimicrobial composition of a novel material. It is another object of the present invention to provide a feed additive, a livestock feed containing the feed additive, and a new immunity enhancement method.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antimicrobial composition for animal feed comprising pozzolan as an active ingredient. The pozzolone may be a combination of any one or more of silica, aluminum, aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3), iron, iron (Fe), ferric trioxide (Fe 2 O 3), and germanium (Ge). Preferably, the pozzolan is a composition having a silica content of at least 70% by weight. Wherein the pozzolan is a composition wherein the content ratio of silicon to silicon dioxide (SiO2) in the silica is in the range of 1: 2 to 1: 3. Also, the content of silica and aluminum oxide in the pozzolan may be 80% by weight or more. It is preferable that the pozzolan be in a powder phase. The pozzolans are preferably mixed in a proportion of 0.01 to 0.70% by weight based on the total weight of the feed. The livestock may be any one of cattle, chicken, pig, horse, goat, duck, goose, dog, cat, rabbit.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a livestock feed additive comprising the antimicrobial composition as an active ingredient. Preferably, the pozzolana is mixed in a proportion of 0.01 to 0.70 wt% based on the total weight of the feed, and the livestock may be any one of cattle, chicken, pig, horse, goat, duck, goose, dog, have.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a livestock feed comprising the livestock feed additive.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for enhancing the immunity of a domestic animal to which the antimicrobial composition or the animal feed additive is administered to a domestic animal.

The pozzolans for livestock feed according to the present invention are highly suitable for feed of organic livestock such as enhancing the immune function and having an antibacterial / antiviral effect while at the same time removing odors. It improves the absorption and utilization rate of nutrients, and has a beneficial effect on the growth of meat. Livestock can be applied to diets of various kinds of livestock, and antibiotics having various side effects can be substituted, and it is expected that it will satisfy the strict standards of the world including Korea.

FIGS. 1 to 4 are photographs showing growth inhibition or promoting effects of strains Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Clostridium butyricum, and Lactobacillus casei.
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the growth of the strains according to the culture medium. (Medium 1), SP extract (medium 4), SP 3% (medium 2) and SP 5% (medium 3).
Figures 6 and 7 are photographs showing growth inhibition of strains Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and VRE (Enterococcus), respectively.
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the degree of growth of the strains (MRSA and VRE). (Medium 1), SP extract (medium 4), SP 3% (medium 2) and SP 5% (medium 3).
9 is a graph comparing the 35-day shipment weight of the broiler of the third embodiment.
10 is a graph comparing the growth rates of the broilers of the third embodiment with respect to the growth period.
11 is a graph comparing the feed efficiency of the broiler of Example 3. Fig.
(T1), SP 0.3% (T2), SP 0.5% (T3) and SP 0.7% (T4).
12 is a graph comparing the conductance ratios of the broilers of the third embodiment.
13 is a graph comparing the weights of the organs of the third week of the broiler of the third embodiment.
14 is a graph comparing the weights of the organs of the fifth week of the broiler of the third embodiment.
15 is a graph comparing the weight of the immune organs of the third week of the broiler of Example 3. Fig.
16 is a graph comparing the weight of the immune organs of the fifth week of the broiler of Example 3. Fig.
17 is a graph comparing the blood IgG content of the broiler of Example 3. Fig.
18 is a graph comparing the concentrations of the microorganisms in the broiler of Example 3. Fig.
Figures 19 and 20 are graphs comparing the content of cecal organic acids in the broiler of Example 3;
(T1), SP 0.3% (T2), SP 0.5% (T3) and SP 0.7% (T4).
21 is a graph comparing the contents of fatty acids in the broiler of Example 3;
22 is a graph comparing the content of ammonia in the broiler of Example 3;
23 is a graph comparing the molecular hydrogen sulfide content of the broiler of Example 3. Fig.
24 is a graph comparing the termination weight of piglets of Example 4;
The control group (T1), antibiotics 0.2% (T2), pozzolan 0.3% (T3), pozzolan 0.5% (T4) and pozzolan 0.7% (T5).
25 is a graph comparing the daily gain of piglets of Example 4;
26 is a graph comparing the daily feed intakes of the piglets of Example 4;
Fig. 27 is a graph comparing the feeding rate of piglets of Example 4; Fig.
28 is a graph comparing blood analysis results of piglets of Example 4;
29 is a graph comparing the concentrations of microorganisms of piglets of Example 4;
30 and 31 are graphs comparing the contents of cecal organic acids in the piglets of Example 4;
(T1), antibiotic 0.2% (T2), SP 0.3% (T3), SP 0.5% (T4) and SP 0.7% (T5)

The present invention provides an antimicrobial composition for livestock feed comprising pozzolan as an active ingredient.

Pozzolan minerals are made of volcanic rocks and are known to be a kind of pyrophyllite. It is known as an orphan material created during the Cretaceous period. Its main origin is the minerals found in Pozori village near Bari Island, Italy. It is famous for the famous Colosseum arena, It is used instead of cement in buildings of today. It has been preserved as it is without cracks and corrosion for many years without any cracks because of the pozzolan being used and it has been revealed by scholars. Other distribution areas are produced only in extremely limited regions such as the United States of America, Malaysia, and India, and the fact that there is no germanium or infrared emission effect other than those of Italy and Korea is unusual. In Asia, Even the same veins do not exist at all.

Conventional pozzolans have been added to the basic material of concrete to be used as an admixture to improve concrete properties or improve concrete properties. Inorganic solidification materials for solidification of waste are usually cement reactive, (Containing heavy metals). In addition, pozzolan, which has good affinity with cement, is most widely used because it can be used as a sludge moisture content control and cement substitute solidification aid, and its cost is relatively low.

The pozzolan is at least one or more selected from the group consisting of volcanic ash, tuff, silicate clay, diatomaceous earth and phyllite, and is preferably in powder form. The main component may be silica-alumina or silica. Preferably, the pozzolan is a combination of at least one of silica, aluminum, aluminum oxide (Al2O3), iron, Fe, iron oxide (Fe2O3), and germanium Lt; / RTI > Preferably, the pozzolan is a composition having a silica content of 70 wt% or more. Wherein the pozzolan is a composition wherein the content ratio of silicon to silicon dioxide (SiO2) in the silica is in the range of 1: 2 to 1: 3. The content of silica and aluminum oxide in the pozzolan is preferably 80 wt% or more. It is preferable that the pozzolan be in a powder phase.

The term " comprising "of the present invention is not limited to inclusive, and does not exclude, for example, other additives, ingredients, exponents, or steps.

By "antimicrobial" is meant the ability to reduce, prevent, inhibit, or eliminate microbial growth or survival at any concentration. The antimicrobial composition may have the same meaning as antibiotics, which is generically referred to as an antimicrobial agent, and may have the same meaning as an antimicrobial agent, a bactericide, an antiseptic, a preservative or a bactericide, and preferably a gram- Means a substance capable of inhibiting or inhibiting the development and function of living organisms of one or more microorganisms selected from the group consisting of bacteria, antifungal agents and antifungal agents.

The pozzolan may be added to the feed without any restriction, but is preferably mixed in a proportion of 0.01 to 0.70% by weight based on the total weight of the feed. More preferably 0.3 to 0.7% by weight, and even more preferably 0.5% by weight.

The animal may be a cow, a chicken, a pig, a horse, a goat, a duck, a goose, a dog, a cat or a rabbit, and preferably a chicken or a pig.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a livestock feed additive comprising the antimicrobial composition as an active ingredient. The livestock feed additive may be used in its original form or may be added with a known carrier such as cereal grains and by-products acceptable to livestock, a stabilizer and the like. If necessary, an organic acid such as citric acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, lactic acid, Such as sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, acid pyrophosphate, and polyphosphate (polyphosphate), and natural materials such as polyphenol, catechin, alpha-tocopherol, rosemary extract, vitamin C, green tea extract, licorice extract, chitosan, tannic acid, Antioxidants, antibiotics, antimicrobial agents, and other additives may be added. The form thereof may be a suitable state such as powder, granule, pellet, suspension, etc. When the feed additive is supplied, As shown in FIG.

Preferably, the pozzolana is mixed in a proportion of 0.01 to 0.70 wt% based on the total weight of the feed, and the livestock may be any one of cattle, chicken, pig, horse, goat, duck, goose, dog, have.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a livestock feed comprising the livestock feed additive. When preparing livestock feeds in the present invention, the additive may be selected from cereal crops such as ground or grinded wheat, oats, barley, corn and rice; Vegetable protein sources based on rapeseed, soybean and sunflower seeds; An animal protein source; molasses; And milk products, such as various milk powders and whey powders. After mixing with all the dry ingredients, the liquid ingredients and the ingredients that become liquid after heating can be added. The liquid component may optionally consist of lipids liquefied by heating, for example fats, for example vegetable fats, and / or carboxylic acids, for example fatty acids. After thorough mixing, a powder or particulate concentration is obtained depending on the degree of polishing of the component. In order to prevent separation during storage, water should preferably be added to the animal feed, which is subsequently treated with conventional pelletization, extrusion or extrusion processes. Any additional water can be removed by drying. If desired, the resulting particulate animal feed can be pulverized into smaller particle sizes.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for enhancing the immunity of a domestic animal to which the antimicrobial composition or the animal feed additive is administered to a domestic animal. Preferably, the pozzolan is mixed in a proportion of 0.01 to 0.70% by weight, more preferably 0.3 to 0.7% by weight, and even more preferably 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the feed. The livestock may be a cow, a chicken, a pig, a horse, a goat, a duck, a goose, a dog, a cat or a rabbit, preferably a pig, but is not limited thereto.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention Hereinafter, the functions and effects of the present invention will be described in more detail through specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood, however, that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1 Preparation of Pozzolans and Identification of Components

Pozzolan was supplied with powdered products from Morningstar Co., and was analyzed by a research institute of Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST). As a result, various components such as Si and Ge were identified as shown in Tables 1 and 2 below. .

In order to test the antimicrobial activity and growth effect of the pozzolan in various livestock, a sample was prepared by mixing various contents of pozzolan or pozzolan extract in the raw material or feed as in the following examples.

&Lt; Example 2 >

In order to test the growth promoting or inhibiting effect of various beneficial bacteria or harmful bacteria, the growth of various strains was measured through the following experimental design.

2-1. Experimental strain

The intestinal strains were distributed from KFRI (Korea Food Research Institute) and four antibiotic resistant strains were distributed from KNRRC of Seoul Women 's University. Table 3 below shows the name of the strain and the deposit number of the strain.

2-2. Culture method and medium

The control group, distilled water medium 1, was prepared by adding distilled water to the medium without adding pozzolana, sterilized, diluted with 10 ^-7 strain, and inoculated with 100 μL. Distilled water mediums 2 and 3, which were the experimental groups, were prepared by mixing 3.0 and 5.0% of distilled water and pozzolan, respectively, in the medium, sterilized, diluted with 10 ^-7 of the strain, and inoculated with 100 μL. As another experimental group, 100 g of pozzolan and 500 mL of distilled water were mixed with 100 mL of pozzolan extract, and the mixture was kept at 115 ° C for 9 hours overnight. After filtration through two filter paper (No.1), the filtered medium was sterilized and diluted with 10 ^-6 And then 100 μL was inoculated. The media of the control and experimental groups are shown in Table 4 below.

After incubation at 37 ° C for 24 hours, the number of bacteria was measured. However, Lactobacillus casei was cultured at 37 ° C for 48 hours. Table 5 below summarizes the characteristics of the strains and the medium used for each strain.

2-3. The culture result of the strain

As a result of culturing according to the above culture method, the growth results are shown in Table 6 below. Single unit 1-4 strain is a ^-7 Log10 cfu, single strain 5-6 is Log10 cfu ^-6. CFU (Colony Forming Unit) is a unit of colony formation (colony forming unit) that grows invisible microorganisms under appropriate conditions and grows to a size enough to be visible to each microorganism.

Photographs showing the inhibition or promotion of growth by the medium of the respective strains were shown in Figs. 1 to 4 and Figs. 6 to 7, respectively. The comparative graphs between strains are shown in Figures 5 and 8. As can be seen from the results, the growth of Lactobacillus casei was promoted in the medium supplemented with pozzolan or pozzolan extract, while the growth of harmful bacteria ( Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, MRSA, VRE) The effect was confirmed.

&Lt; Example 3 >

The broiler was selected for the experiment of the antimicrobial growth promoting effect on the broiler and various effects were measured through the experimental design as follows.

3-1. Experimental animal and experimental design

400 hatching 1-day-old male broilers under the Ross system (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to 4 treatments X 4 repeats (25 per repetition). The experimental treatments were T1 (control), T2 (pozzolan 0.3%), T3 (pozzolan 0.5%) and T4 (pozzolan 0.7%).

3-2. Experiment feed and specification management

The experimental diets were formulated with corn and soybean meal to meet or exceed the nutrient requirements of the broiler as set forth in the NRC Specification Standard (1994) of the United States. The amount of compounded feed produced by the addition of pozzolan was reduced by the amount of corn, The contents were adjusted to the same level.

3-3. Specification grades and conductor characteristics

Growth ability of each step according to growth of broiler, ie, feed intake, body weight gain and feed efficiency, were measured. The results are shown in Table 7 below. Feed efficiency was expressed as the feed intake divided by the weight gain over a certain period of time. Dressing percent was calculated as the ratio of the body weight to the body weight at delivery on the 35th day (weight excluding feathers, blood, head, legs and organs). The results are shown in Table 8 below. The weight of the liver, proximal, and immune organs (thymus, spleen, F sac) was measured as the ratio of the live weight to the weight at 3 weeks and 5 weeks, respectively. Table 10 analyzes lipid, blood sugar, AST, ALT, etc. through blood analysis.

FIG. 9 is a graph comparing the 35-day shipment weight according to the pozzolan content. In the case of 0.5% pozzolan content of T3, the largest increase was observed. FIG. 10 shows the comparison of weight gain rates by growth period, and the growth rate was the highest at 0.5% pozzolan content in each period. Fig. 11 shows the comparison of feed efficiency with pozzolan at 0.3% and 0.7%, and at 0.5% with T3, it showed a somewhat increased value. Figure 12 compares the conductance ratios and also shows a somewhat higher increase at T3. FIG. 13 is a graph comparing the growth rates of the organ weights at the third week, showing the greatest increase at T3, followed by the order of T2 and T4. FIG. 14 is a graph comparing the increase rate of the organ weight at 5 weeks with a somewhat higher increase in T3, and the other T2 and T3 were similar to the control T1. FIG. 15 shows the weight of the immunological organ at 3 weeks, showing a remarkably high increase in T3, showing that the immune period is strengthened. Figure 16 shows the weight of the immune organ at week 5, which also showed a significant increase in T3.

3-4. Blood immunological substance

Blood immunoassay analysis was performed by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Bethyl laboratories., Inc., USA) (Constantinoiu et al., 2007). The results are shown in Table 11.

FIG. 17 is a graph comparing the content of IgG as a blood immunoglobulin, showing the greatest increase in T3, and an increase in the order of T4 and T2, indicating that pozzolan can increase the amount of immunoglobulin secretion.

3-5. Minute microorganism

Three days before the end of the experiment, the fraction was collected and mixed with phosphate buffered saline (po pozzolan horus buffered saline) and diluted 10-fold (w / v). Samples diluted to 10 < ^{2 >} -10 < ⁸ > were dispensed into sterile plate media. On the 37 ℃ 48 sigan static culture was examined for the number of colony counter was provided as a microbial viable count by taking the logarithm _{(log 10 CFU, colony forming unit} / g of feces) per g The results are shown in Table 12.

FIG. 18 is a graph comparing the changes in the microorganisms. In the case of Lactobacillus , T3 showed the highest concentration, and E. coli and Salmonella showed high inhibitory effect.

3-6. Cecal organic acid

The concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate and isovalerate were measured by a gas chromatographic system (model GC-15A, Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan) from the sacrificed chickens. .

Figs. 19 and 20 show the comparison of cecal organic acids. The content of some organic acids was lowered, but the total increase in the total short chain organic acids (SCFA, Sohrt chain fatty acid) was observed at T3 and the tendency was increased in the treatment group containing pozzolan Respectively.

3-7. Chicken Fatty Acid

Lipids were extracted from chicken leg flesh and injected into a gas chromatographic system (model GC-15A, Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan) to analyze fatty acids. The results are shown in Table 14.

FIG. 21 shows that saturated fatty acid (SFA) was decreased in the pozzolan treatment group, and unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) was increased in the pozzolan treatment group. And the unsaturated fatty acid / saturated fatty acid (UFA / SFA) level was the largest in T3, and the overall increase in the pozzolan-treated group was large. As a result, it was confirmed that the content of unsaturated fatty acid was increased due to pozzolan, so that nutritional efficiency and quality of broiler chickens could be improved.

3-8. Stale odor

Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations were measured with a gas meter (Gas Indicator AP-20, Axis Sensitive Co. Ltd, Japan). After inhalation of the gas according to the manufacturer's instructions, the displayed values were recorded and compared with the control, as shown in Table 15 below.

Figures 22 and 23 are graphs comparing the contents of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide, showing a tendency to decrease in the pozzolan-containing treatment group, especially in T4.

<Example 4>

In order to test the antimicrobial growth promoting effect on weaned piglets, cross - breed weedy pigs were selected and various effects were measured through experimental design as follows.

4-1. Experimental animal and experimental design

(Landrace * Yorkshire) * Duroc Weaned pigs (average weight 121.20 kg) under standard environmental conditions were randomly assigned to 5 treatments 3 times, repeatedly, 20 pigs per pig. T3 (pozzolan 0.3%), T4 (pozzolan 0.5%), and T5 (pozzolan 0.7%) were divided into two groups; T1 (no added group) and T2 (antibiotic lincomycin 0.2%).

4-2. Experiment feed and specification management

Experimental diets were prepared with corn and soybean paste to meet or exceed the nutrient requirements of the pigs as set forth in the NRC Specification Standard (1994) of the United States. The amount of diets produced by adding antibiotics and pozzolans was controlled by reducing the amount of corn. The crude protein and metabolic energy contents were adjusted to the same level.

4-3. Growth ability and diarrhea frequency

In order to investigate the growth ability of weaned piglets, that is, average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily weight gain (ADWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) And the diarrhea frequency of weaned piglets were investigated. The feed conversion ratio was calculated by dividing the weight gain during the whole experimental period by the feed intake. Identify the number of individuals with swollen diarrhea around the anus twice a day for all piglets in each pound. The frequency of diarrhea was measured by the 9-point method and the frequency of diarrhea when all subjects had positive signs of diarrhea around the anus were marked from 9 to 0. The results are shown in Table 16 below. Table 17 shows the analysis of lipid, blood sugar and the like through blood analysis.

24-27 are graphs comparing the final body weight, daily gain, daily intake, and feed conversion rate, showing a generally high increase rate in the treatment group containing pozzolan, especially in the group containing 0.5% pozzolan Respectively.

FIG. 28 is a graph comparing values such as lipid and blood glucose as a result of blood analysis, showing a generally increasing pattern in the treatment group containing pozzolan. This was higher than the group treated with antibiotics and proved the substitution effect of antibiotics.

4-4. Blood immunological substance

Analysis of blood immunoassay was performed by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Bethyl laboratories., Inc., USA) (Constantinoiu et al., 2007).

In FIG. 28, a graph comparing the immunological substances showed that the T4 treatment group showed higher immunity than the T3 treated group, indicating that immune function can be enhanced without administering antibiotics.

4-5. Minute microorganism

Three days before the end of the experiment, the fraction was collected and mixed with phosphate buffered saline (po pozzolan horus buffered saline) and diluted 10-fold (w / v). Samples diluted to 10 < ^{2 >} -10 < ⁸ > were dispensed into sterile plate media. On the 37 ℃ 48 sigan static culture was examined for the number of colony by microorganisms counter was provided by taking the logarithm as the number of bacteria _{(log 10 CFU, colony forming unit} / g of feces) per g The results are given in the following table 19.

FIG. 29 is a graph comparing the microorganisms. In the case of Lactobacillus , T3 showed the highest concentration, and E. coli and Salmonella showed higher inhibitory effect than antibiotics.

4-6. Cecal organic acid

The concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate and isovalerate were measured by a gas chromatographic system (model GC-15A, Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan) .

Figures 30 and 31 are graphs comparing the contents of organic acids. T4 group containing 0.5% of pozzolan in total short chain organic acid (SCFA) showed higher increase rate than T2 group in which antibiotics were administered and total pozzolan In the treatment group. Therefore, it was confirmed that pozzolan induces an increase of organic acids in cecum.

Claims

A combination of at least one of silicon (Si), silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ), aluminum, aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ), iron, iron (Fe), ferric trioxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), and germanium As an active ingredient,
The content ratio of silicon to silicon dioxide is in the range of 1: 2 to 1: 3,
The pozzolans are mixed in a proportion of 0.3 to 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the feed,
Wherein the composition has antimicrobial activity against harmful bacteria, Escherichia coli and Salmonella, and lactobacillus growth promoting activity which is a beneficial microorganism.

delete

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the pozzolan has a content of silicon (Si), silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ), and aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) in an amount of at least 80 wt%.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the pozzolan is in the powder phase.

delete

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the animal is any one of cattle, chicken, pig, horse, goat, duck, goose, dog, cat, rabbit.

A livestock feed additive comprising the composition of claim 1 as an active ingredient.

10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the pozzolan is mixed in an amount of 0.01 to 0.70% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.

10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the animal is any one of cattle, chicken, pig, horse, goat, duck, goose, dog, cat, rabbit.

A livestock feed comprising the livestock feed additive of claim 9.

A method for enhancing the immunity of a domestic animal, comprising the step of administering the composition of claim 1 or the animal feed additive of claim 9 to the animal.

delete

14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the animal is any one of cattle, chicken, pig, horse, goat, duck, goose, dog, cat, rabbit.