KR101517309B1 - Mite composition, use thereof, method for rearing a phytoseiid predatory mite, rearing system for rearing said phytoseiid predatory mite and methods for biological pest control on a crop - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a new mite composition comprising a predatory mite mite community and an artificial host community, which can be used for breeding of predatory mite species or for the propagation of predatory mite species. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of breeding predatory mite species, use of mite compositions, and methods of controlling biological insects of crops using mite compositions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a mite composition, a use thereof, a method for raising predatory mite mite, a breeding system for breeding the predatory mite mite, and a method for controlling biological insects in crops PHYTOSEIID PREDATORY MITE AND METHODS FOR BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL ON A CROP}

A first aspect of the present invention relates to a novel porcelain composition.

A second aspect of the present invention relates to a novel breeding method of phytoseiid predatory mite species.

The third aspect of the present invention relates to a method for controlling the growth of predatory mites such as Carpoglyphus , a species of Astigmatid mite, lactis ; Carpoglyphus Lactis ) as an artificial host.

The fourth and fifth aspects of the present invention relate to a novel breeding system for breeding predatory mite species and use of the breeding system for controlling crop pests.

Yet another further aspect of the present invention relates to a method for controlling biological insects of crops using the mite composition according to the present invention.

In the following detailed description and in the claims, the names of the mites are referred to Moras, et al. (2004), unless otherwise noted. An overview of the species and species mentioned is shown in Fig.

The predatory mite (mite) is widely used in biological control of spider mite and thrips in greenhouse crops. The most important insect species in greenhouse crops are the Western Flower Thrips ( Frankliniella Occidentalis and Onion Thrips ( Thrips tabaci ). (Ramakers, PMJ, and van Lieburg, MJ, 1982); [Ambrosseius cuckumer] and Amblyseius barkeri (Hansen, LS and Geyti, PMJ, 1989]; [Sampson, C, 1998]; and [Jacobson, RJ, 1995]) and mouse to two feet assay Zener lance (Iphiseius degeneracy ; [Ramakers, PMJ, and Voet, SJP, 1996]). In the absence of a prey, these species are sweet pepper ( Capsicum annuum L. ) can be settled and maintained in crops that continuously supply pollen. In crops, such as cucumbers and most corn crops, where pollen can not be freely obtained, these species can not be used unless food is provided artificially. This can be done by spraying plant pots on the crops.

Alternatively, for cucumber mite, a controlled release rearing system (Sampson, C. (1998) or GB 23393890) may be used. This limiting radish breeding system comprises compartments containing a food mixture composed of bran, yeast and malt; The grain mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae ) cluster and a sachet containing cucumber poppy clusters, a predatory mite. The flour mite, the flour mite, acts as an artificial host of predatory mite communities by forming active clusters on the food mixture. Using a loop to apply the silk to the crop will result in a continuous emission of predatory mites for a period of 4 to 6 weeks.

Since the population growth of cucumber mite is relatively weak in the presence of food, a large amount of predatory mite should be released into the crops for sufficient pest control. This problem is economically feasible because the cucumber mite can be economically grown in the mulberry flour mulberry, and the mulberry mite can be bred in a sufficient amount on the food mixture.

Tai Floid Rom Malus Lee monitor kusu (Typhlodromalus limonicus) and two feet Sage funny for, but a number of efficient predatory mites for thrips control with a higher predation rate and population-proliferative, such as Zener Lance, still inde species cucumbers come mites are the most common, which is a very large amount Because it can be easily raised.

Episheus Fragrance generator to the castor plant (Castor Bean Plants that continuously fed into the pots that allow the mites to grow into larger clusters; Ricinus communis L. Ephorbiaceae ). Because of the large area and high investment costs required to grow the plant in the greenhouse , The cost of degenerans is much higher than that of cucumber. Because of these high costs, growers are only able to radiate very few, usually 1000-2000 predatory mites per hectare. Thus, the two feet mouse assay applied to the Zener lance is, by providing that sufficient pollen on which the predatory mites can form a crowded extent of a sufficient pest control peppers (Capsicum annuum L. ). Episheus It may take several months before the Desjaranus community has the power to make a significant impact on the control of insect pests in crops.

Tetranychus urticae ) are successfully controlled by emitting predatory mites from greenhouses and wild grasses around the world. The most important species are Phytoseiulus persimilis (Hussey, NW and Scopes, NEA, 1985), the oldest commercially available mite for biological control, and Neoseiulus californicus ; [Wei-Lan Ma and Lamg, JE, 1973]). The bovidae mite is found in greenhouse bean plants (kidney beans; Phaseolus vulgaris ) are densely populated on their natural state host, the spotted mite. In addition, Castagnoli, M. and Simoni, S) reported that house dust mite, American house dust mite ( Dermatophagoides lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > farinae ). < / RTI > However, house dust mite (American house dust mite and European house dust mite ( Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ) is a major allergen causing allergic asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis and dermatitis. Therefore, there are disadvantages to using them in confined raising systems for emitting predatory mites in crops. Another disadvantage is that when house dust mites are used for denser-breeding purposes, intensive monitoring is necessary and in some cases there is a need to protect workers.

Some species of predatory mites predation of white flies have been reported in the scientific literature ([Teich, Y. 1966]; [Swirski, E. et al., 1967]; [Nomjkou, M. et al., 2001 Unfortunately, to date there are no commercially available predatory mites for the biological control of powdery mildew. Perhaps it is because the industry is not aware of its usefulness as an augmentative biological control agent for their flour, although the predation of predatory mite is known. In complementary biological control, biological agents are released to crops for the control of pests. More importantly, there is no industry in the industry of economical dense-breeding systems for these predatory mites that could potentially be effective against flour, which is ultimately important for its usefulness as a complementary biological control agent, It is essential to be able to emit mites.

Instead, the powder which, greenhouse whitefly the right tree Alain Le Rum Rhodes Bay Fora Rio Enka against (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) Asia Formosa (Encarsia formosa) and hwangon jombeol (Eretmocerus eremicus) Other Bashi in Asia bemi the parasitic wasps, such as cigarettes Louis (Bemisia tabaci ) against erythrocerus It is controlled by spinning out primitive wasps, such as Eretmocerus mundus . Also, for example norinjae mark pyrrolo crispus potassium Saginaw suspension (Macrolophus caliginosus) and ladybird Dell Pas tooth of predator species, such as the Catalina (Delphastus catalinae) are densely-emitted is breeding. Breeding of all these parasites and predators requires plant and powder growth in greenhouses with large investments.

Biological control of pulp and other crop pests using predatory mites that can be economically raised on the artificial host mite in the breeding media can be very advantageous because these breeding systems use only a limited area. Also, in such a system, breeding of predatory mites may be carried out in a controlled climate chamber. Accordingly, it does not require large-scale investment in greenhouses and crops.

According to recent studies, thrips (onion thrips and flower thrips) and whitefly (the tree right Alessio Death Bayfora Rio Rum and Bemishia As a highly effective biological control of other Bassi) has highlighted the potential of the predatory mite and the Mediterranean Sea come mites (Amblyseius swirskii). ([Nomikou , M., Janssen, A., Schraag, R. and Sabelis, MW, 2001] [Messelink, G. & Steenpaal, S. 2004]; [Bolckmans, K. & Moerman, M. 2004]; [Messelink, G. & Steenpaal, S. 2003] , G. & Pijnakker, J. 2004)) Mediterranean mite mite showed very strong population growth for pests and plant pollen. This means that it is possible to achieve good biological control even when emitting a very small number of mites as compared to cucumber mite. According to the day test, the same level of control as in the case of sprinkling 30 cucumber mites per leaf per day was achieved when spruce leaf 1 spider mite was irradiated on flower yellow thrips. (Bolckmans, K. & Moerman, M. 2004]

In the prior art, a tie wave Goose (Tyrophagus), A specifically ginteol dust mites, tie a wave Goose trophy carcass (Tyrophagus tropicus), Goose Tie par Casey (Tyrophagus casei) ([Sampson, C., 1998]; [Jacobson, RJ, 1995]; [Bennison, JA and R. Jacobson, 1991]; [. Karg et al, 1987] ; and GB293890), and loose-ACCA (Acarus) in, specifically, the loose-Aka Shiro (Acarus siro ; [Beglyarov et al., 1990] ) and Aka loose Paris (Acarus farris ; [Hansen, LS and J. Geyti, 1985]; (Ramakers, PMJ, and van Lieburg, MJ, 1982), all of which belong to the family Acaridae They are.

The most common breeding host for cucumber mite is the mite mite. A major disadvantage of hindfruit mites is that they can cause plant damage to leaves of young plants when they are present in plants, for example when used as an artificial host in a slow spin-propagation sheath similar to that disclosed in [Sampson, C., 1998] or GB293890 It is. This is especially the case during the humid period in cucumber crops, especially when it is engaged with low optical density.

Castagnoli, M., et al. Also reported that Castagnoli, M. and S. Simom, 1999), and Castagnoli ([Castagnoli, 1999]) on house dust mites, house dust mites, , M., 1989)). However, house dust mites (American house dust mites and European house dust mites) produce major allergens that cause allergic asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis and dermatitis.

Thus, there is a need for an additional artificial host in the industry, which can be used to densely populate beneficial mites such as predatory mites, especially for the Mediterranean mite. In relation to the breeding of this predatory mite, the industry has used the lepidopterans Corcyra moth (Messelink, G. & Pijnakker, J. 2004) cephalonica ) or epsteinae It is only disclosed in [Romeih, AHM et al., 2004] about the use of eggs of Ephestia kuehniella .

When growing on pollen, they require a large greenhouse area for the growth of plants, such as Ricinus communis , in order to obtain a sufficient number of pollen, or from such things as field pods ( Typha spp.) There is a need to collect appropriate plant pots. Collecting plant pots is very labor intensive and can only collect a limited amount. Plant pollen collected by bees is not suitable for breeding predatory mites.

Breeding in the eggs of the inhabitants requires large investments in the production facilities and is therefore expensive.

In view of the above, there is a need for an alternative artificial host mite that can be used for the densification and rearing of predatory mites.

Weapons of the Carpoglyphidae family have been found to be able to be used as artificial hosts in an extremely large number of predatory mite species.

Accordingly, the first aspect of the present invention relates to a breeding community of predatory mite species and to a group of Carpoglyphus, preferably a sugar mite ( Carpoglyphus lactis ; And an artificial host population comprising at least one species selected from the following belonging to the sugar mite family, such as [Linne, 1758], Mite: Sugar Mite Division).

The predominant predominant species that can feed on sugar mites, and specifically sugar mites, are oligophagous predatory mite species. Intractable predatory species is a predatory species that can utilize at least several different food species as a food source for its growth (growth and proliferation). As used herein, the term " agronomic predatory mite species " includes polyphagous mite species, predominantly predatory mite, capable of using a large number of prey species as a food source for its growth. Therefore, it should be understood that the term congestive predatory mite species refers to non-monophagous predatory mite species.

An artificial host species is a species that is inhabited by predatory mite mite and other habitats in nature, but nonetheless can be a suitable food for one or more growth stages of predatory mite mite at the stage of growth of one or more artificial hosts. Most importantly, the ability to grow and multiply when an artificial host feeds on common sense should increase the populations of rearing communities.

The predatory mites have natural habitats on plants with insect organisms (insects and mites) they feed on. They may be separated from their natural habitat as described by Moras et al. (2004).

The sugar mite department is Hughes [Hughes, A.M. (1977). Those skilled in the art will be able to separate certain species of this section from their natural habitat based on what is disclosed in the above document. Sugar mites are a worldwide species that occur in various storage organic materials. [Chmielewski, W., 1971 (a)]. [Chmielewski, W., 1971 ([Hughes, AM 1977]) is found mainly in beehive remains of dried fruits and bees such as dried figs, plums, raisins, b)])

Thus, the predatory mite mite is inhabited with sugar mites and other habitats, so that the composition according to the present invention provides a new mating combination that does not appear naturally.

The composition according to the present invention is not only suitable for compact-breeding of predatory mites. It can be used as a biological crop protection agent, since it also includes a migratory feeding stage of predatory mite mite, or a growth stage that can develop into such a movable growth stage.

In a preferred embodiment, the composition comprises a carrier for the community. The carrier may be any solid material suitable for providing a carrier surface to an individual. The carrier preferably provides a porous media to exchange metabolic gases and heat generated by the mite community. Examples of suitable carriers are vegetable materials such as (wheat bran), buckwheat husks, rice husks, saw dust, corn cob grits, and the like.

It is more preferred if a feed material suitable for the artificial host community is added to the composition. Alternatively, the carrier itself may comprise a suitable feed material. Suitable feed materials are described in [Parkinson, C. L., 1992]; [Solomon, M.E. &Amp; Cunnington, A. M., 1963]; [Chmielewski, W, 1971a]; [Chmielewski, W, 1971b] or similar to those disclosed in GB2393890.

As a preferred embodiment of the composition, the predatory mite is selected from the following:

- For example , Ander Sony (Amblyseius andersoni), Am assembly assay mouse switch le ski (Amblyseius swirskii), or Am assembly assay mouse Largo N-Sys (Amblyseius largoensis ) In Am Bulletin mouse assay (Amblyseius); E.g Eusseus Grandi kusu pin (Euseius finlandicus), Aust mouse assay Hibi skiing (seius hibisci), Aust assay mouse misfire less (Euseius ovalis), Aust assay mouse Victory N-Sys (Euseius victoriensis), Aust mouse assay Stevenage Pula tooth (Euseius stipulatus), Aust assay mouse Surgical Tallis (Euseius scutalis), Aust mouse assay Tula alkylene sheath (Euseius tularensis ), Eusseus Ahtto N-Sys (Euseius addoensis ) or Aust assay mouse sheet Lee (Euseius in Aust mouse assay (Euseius) such citri); E.g Neo Say Ulus Varga Kerry (Neoseiulus barkeri), Neo Say Ulus California Fort your Nukus (Neoseiulus californicus ), Neosheylus Kyukyu Marys (Neoseiulus cucumeris), neo assay loose wool ronggi spinosyns Versus (Neoseiulus longispinosus), neo assay Ulus War slave Mer (Neoseiulus womersleyi), Neo Say Ulus Mouse on a (Neoseiulus idaeus ) or Assays, such as the neo loose wool Palazzo sheath (Neoseiulus fallacis) In four Issey Ulus (Neoseiulus); E.g Thai Flo draw horses loose-Monitor Syracuse (Typhlodromalus limonicus ) or Tie the end of the draw flow Ruth Ferrer that Linus (Typhlodromalus such peregrinus) Tie the end of the draw flow Ruth (Typhlodromalus) in; E.g Typhl Lord Romulus Monte also alkylene sheath (Typhlodromips such as tie rod flat Lomi peuseu (Typhlodromips) in such montdorensis) Am assembly subfamily or the assay (Ambyseiinae);

- For example, Galendromus Occidental less (Galendromus occidentalis) in Lend a moose (Galendromus) go like; For example, the draw tie flow mousse Charmander (Typhlodromus pyri), mousse to the other ripple load The Dore INC (Typhiodromus the doreenae) Flo draw or tie Moose Arch Asa (Typhlodromus such athiasae) Thai Thai Flo Flo draw Mina, such as Moose Draw (Typhlodromus) in (Typhlodrominae) subfamily. These predatory species can be regarded as promiscuous predatory mites.

The predatory mite is the Mediterranean mite ( Amblyseius swirskii ; [Athias-Henriot, 1962], [Chant and McMurtry, 2004]); the same as (Thai flat load Rommie peuseu switch le ski (Typhlodromips swirskii [Athias-Henriot, 1962], [De Moraes et al, 2004.])) . ≪ / RTI > This species has not been disclosed in the art for breeding on artificial host mites. For the first time in the present invention, it is possible to use Mediterranean mite mite as a complementary biological insect control agent by introducing a mite composition which can be used to economically raise Mediterranean mite mite using species belonging to the sugar mite family as an artificial host It has become. However, it should be understood that in some embodiments of the present invention, predatory canopy species are selected from other species than the Mediterranean species.

In different strains of the predatory species, the difference in acceptability to the artificial host may be observed. It may also be possible to breed a line adapted to a particular artificial host by selective breeding.

It is to be understood that the term breeding in this context includes breeding and increasing populations through sexual reproduction.

The breeding community may include individuals in the sexually mature positive sex and / or individuals in other growth stages that can be matured into sexually mature adults such as, for example, eggs and / or nymphs. Alternatively, the rearing clusters can include one or more recruited females. In essence, breeding populations can increase their populations through sexual reproduction.

As described above, it is preferable that the artificial host community is a host community that is constantly maintained or even capable of proliferating to some extent. If an artificial host is provided as a host, it is preferred that a feedstuff for an artificial host be provided. The feeding material is [Solomon, M.E. and Cunnington, A. M., 1963; [Parkinson, CL. , 1992]; [Ramakers, P. M. J., and van Lieburg, M. J., 1982]; And GB2393890. ≪ / RTI >

Preferably, the artificial host is a sugar mite. Sugar mites, also known as dried fruit mite, are a worldwide species that occurs in various storage organic materials. [Chmielewski, W., 1971 (a)]. [Chmielewski, W., 1971 ([Hughes, AM 1977]) is found mainly in beehive remains of dried fruits and bees such as dried figs, plums, raisins, b)]) Hinoki Unlike mite, sugar mite does not damage crops. Thus, the artificial host so selected may be used in the present invention in such a way that individuals of the artificial host clusters are in contact with the crop, for example when applied directly or proximately to the crop, or when using slow / restricted / Is advantageous when the composition according to the invention is used.

Another advantage of sugar mites is that they are globally distributed. Therefore, the international trade of products containing them will be less subject to legal restrictions on foreign species in many countries.

It has also been found that sugar mites are particularly well-suited for the Mediterranean mite, because this predator is able to feed all the growth stages under the various growth and environmental conditions of the host.

The populations of predatory mite species to the population of artificial hosts in the composition may range from about 1000: 1 to 1:20, such as from about 100: 1 to 1:20, such as from 1: 1 to 1:10, 1: 4, 1: 5 or 1: 7.

The relative number depends on the particular desired use of the composition and / or on the growth stage of the mite community on the artificial host. Generally, a composition in which an individual of an artificial host is present in an excess amount as compared with a mite population, so that sufficient food can be provided, is preferable in breeding the mite species. However, the relative populations of Cryptomeria japonica are increased due to an increase in the number of mite populations as they feed on artificial hosts.

A composition comprising a relatively large number of predatory mite mite is formed from a composition comprising a relatively small number of predatory mite mite communities feeding and growing an artificial host. Alternatively, by mixing a composition comprising a relatively small number of compositions, including a composition comprising only an artificial host optionally in combination with a feed material suitable for the carrier and / or an artificial host, and a composition comprising a relatively large number, A composition comprising a small number of predatory mites can be formed.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of breeding predatory mite species. The method includes providing a composition according to the present invention and allowing an individual of the artificial host community to feed the predatory mite host.

For proper growth of predatory mites, the composition is maintained at, for example, 18-35 占 폚, preferably 20-30 占 폚, more preferably 20-25 占 폚, and most preferably 22-25 占 폚. A suitable relative humidity range is between 75-95%, preferably between 80-90%. These temperature and relative humidity intervals are also generally suitable for maintaining an artificial host species.

Preferably, the composition comprises a carrier material capable of providing a porous media and a feed material for an artificial host species, wherein the artificial host species is maintained in a three-dimensional culture on the carrier. In this three - dimensional culture, individuals of artificial host species move freely in three dimensions. In this way, they take up a larger volume of the carrier and make better use of the feed material. Carnivorous Transferable Stages for Artificial Hosts Considering the relative size of the host plants, this organism will generally occupy the entire volume of the carrier when hunting the artificial host. Preferably, the three-dimensional culture can be obtained by providing a carrier of a three-dimensional layer, that is, a three-dimensional layer, with two dimensions being different from one another. A representative example is a flat layer having a meter-long length, a width, and a predetermined thickness of the order of centimeters. A three-dimensional layer is preferred because it provides greater productivity compared to a two-dimensional layer by allowing sufficient exchange of metabolic heat and gas.

Another aspect of the present invention is directed to the use for the domesticated weevil cultivation of the inorganic mosquito species selected from sugar mites, such as capro glyphos, preferably sugar mite species.

For the above reasons, it is preferred that the inorganic armillary mite is selected from the group consisting of capro glyphs, most preferably sugar mites.

Preferably, the predatory predatory mite is selected from the following:

- For example , Ander Sony (Amblyseius andersoni), Am assembly assay mouse switch le ski (Amblyseius swirskii), or Am assembly assay mouse Largo N-Sys (Amblyseius largoensis ) In Am Bulletin mouse assay (Amblyseius); E.g Eusseus Grandi kusu pin (Euseius finlandicus), Aust mouse assay Hibi skiing (seius hibisci), Aust assay mouse misfire less (Euseius ovalis), Aust assay mouse Victory N-Sys (Euseius victoriensis), Aust mouse assay Stevenage Pula tooth (Euseius stipulatus), Aust assay mouse Surgical Tallis (Euseius scutalis), Aust mouse assay Tula alkylene sheath (Euseius tularensis ), Eusseus Ahtto N-Sys (Euseius addoensis ) or Aust assay mouse sheet Lee (Euseius in Aust mouse assay (Euseius) such citri); E.g Neo Say Ulus Varga Kerry (Neoseiulus barkeri), Neo Say Ulus California Fort your Nukus (Neoseiulus californicus ), Neosheylus Kyukyu Marys (Neoseiulus cucumeris), neo assay loose wool ronggi spinosyns Versus (Neoseiulus longispinosus), neo assay Ulus War slave Mer (Neoseiulus womersleyi), Neo Say Ulus Mouse on a (Neoseiulus idaeus ) or Assays, such as the neo loose wool Palazzo sheath (Neoseiulus fallacis) In four Issey Ulus (Neoseiulus); E.g Thai Flo draw horses loose-Monitor Syracuse (Typhlodromalus limonicus ) or Tie the end of the draw flow Ruth Ferrer that Linus (Typhlodromalus such peregrinus) Tie the end of the draw flow Ruth (Typhlodromalus) in; E.g Typhl Lord Romulus Monte also alkylene sheath (Typhlodromips such as tie rod flat Lomi peuseu (Typhlodromips) in such montdorensis) Am assembly subfamily or the assay (Ambyseiinae);

- For example Gallendromus Occidental less (Galendromus occidentalis ) Galendromus; E.g Tie flow draw mousse Charmander (Typhlodromus pyri), mousse to the other ripple load The Dore INC (Typhiodromus doreenae ) or Tie Moose Draw flow Arch Asa (Typhlodromus such athiasae) Thai Thai Flo Flo draw Mina, such as Moose Draw (Typhlodromus) in (Typhlodrominae) subfamily.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to a breeding system for feeding predatory mites.

The breeding system comprises a container containing the composition according to the invention. The container may be of any type suitable for restraining individuals of both communities. The breeding system may include means for promoting the exchange of metabolic gases and heat between the interior and the exterior, such as ventilation holes. Such a ventilation hole should not allow the communities to escape from the container. This can be accomplished by covering the ventilation holes with, for example, a mesh.

The breeding system may be suitable for densely populating and breeding of the mite species. Alternatively, the breeding system may be used to radiate predatory mites into crops. In this case, it is desirable that the vessel be adapted to release the predatory canopy of the movable stage at any moment. This can be achieved by providing a closed hole that is openable to the container. Alternatively or additionally, there may be provided a relatively small spinneret in the container such that the number of movable stages out of the container at certain time intervals is limited. The breeding system can function in this manner similar to the slow spinning or sustained spinning system disclosed in [Sampson, C, 1998] and GB2393890.

In this breeding system for raising flocks, it is desirable that the containers be of a size that can be hung from the crop or placed on the crop base. To hang on the crop, the container may be provided with hanging means such as a string or a collar.

Another aspect of the present invention is directed to the use of the composition or of a breeding system for controlling crop pests in commercial crops.

The pest is Trialeurode Rio De Fora Bay Rum (Trialeurodes whitefly, such as vaporariorum) or cyano bemi other Bridge (Bemisia tabaci); Frankel shall file such as thrips or flower thrips species Ella (Frankliniella spp . ); Leaf mite such as Tetranychus urticae ; Can be selected from dust mites such as tea dust mite ( Polypahagotarsonemus latus ). The predatory Mediterranean mite, which is a predatory mite, exhibits excellent efficacy for the above pests.

The crops were pepper ( Capsicum annuum ), branches ( Solanum (greenhouse) vegetable crops such as melogena ; Cucumis ( Cucumis sativa ), melon ( Cucumis melo ), watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ) and Cucurbitaceae ; Strawberry ( Fragaria x ananassa ), Raspberry ( Rubus ide fruit (soft fruit); Tuberous (greenhouse) crops such as roses, gerberas, chrysanthemums; Or citrus species ( Citrus spp . ), But are not limited thereto.

In addition, the present invention relates to a method for controlling biological pests of a crop comprising providing the crop according to the present invention.

Pests can be selected analogously to the use of the composition according to the invention.

In the method according to the invention, the composition can be provided by applying a quantity of said composition to the base of a large number of crop plants or to the vicinity such as on a base. As in the conventional practice of using predatory mite for complementary biological pest control, the composition can be applied to crop plants by simply spraying them on the basis of crop plants or crop plants. The amount of composition that can be provided to each individual plant by spraying may range from 1 to 20 ml, such as 1-10 ml, preferably 2-5 ml.

Alternatively, the composition can be provided to a large number of crop plants as the breeding system of the present invention, which is suitable for radiating predatory mites to crops. The breeding system can be placed in close proximity, such as at the base or on the base of a large number of crop plants.

In the biological pest control method according to the present invention, it may not be necessary to provide a composition to all crop plants. Commercially available crops are usually dense, so predatory species can be spread from one crop plant to another. The number of crop plants to which the composition of the present invention is to be provided to provide sufficient crop protection depends on the specific circumstances and can be readily determined by one skilled in the art according to his or her own experience in the industry. The number of predatory predatory mites per hectare is usually more assertive. This number can range from 1000-4 million per hectare, and is typically 100,000-1 million or 50,000-500,000 per hectare.

As a further preferred embodiment of the biological pest control method according to the present invention, the crop is selected as described with respect to the use of the composition.

The composition according to the present invention is not only suitable for compact-breeding of predatory mites. It can be used as a biological crop protection agent, since it also includes a migratory feeding stage of predatory mite mite, or a growth stage that can develop into such a movable growth stage.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 shows an overview of the varieties and species described in the specification.

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the following examples which illustrate non-limiting embodiments of the different aspects of the invention.

Example  One

Weapon door subordinate  Mary Of sugar mites  Dense - breeding

[Chmielewski, W., 1971 (a)]; [Chmielewski, W., 1971 (b)]] in a medium containing baker's yeast.

The culture is incubated in a ventilated container (e.g., a bucket with sufficient ventilation holes with 47 micron gauze to prevent escape of mites) at 22 to 25 < 0 > C, 85 to 90% bucket). Successful clustering - breeding can be achieved by adding fresh media at least once a week. The amount depends on the number of mites in the medium, but generally between 100-300% of the initial volume of the culture medium is added. The thickness of the breeding layer can be from 1 to 10 cm, but it should not be too thick to ensure proper exchange of metabolic gas and metabolic heat such as carbon dioxide and oxygen. When raising sugar mites in the media, a biomass weight percentage of mite for media between 20% and 30% is achieved. Generally, the population increases by 2 to 4 times per week.

Example  2

Sugar mite  On Mediterranean  Dense breeding

A ventilation container with a buckwheat skin layer of 5 to 25 cm as a carrier (e.g., with a 47 micron gauze to prevent mites from escaping, with sufficient ventilation holes to ensure proper exchange of metabolic gases and heat) The bucket provided) breeds Mediterranean mite mite.

The carrier layer should not be too thick to ensure proper exchange of metabolic gas and metabolic heat such as carbon dioxide and oxygen. More than once per week, sugar mite breeding populations of between 15% and 30% of the biomass mass of mite to media should be added to the container.

The amount of sugar mite added is calculated based on the number of predatory mite mite and sugar mite present in the breeding container. Suitably, after adding fresh sugar mites, the predator to food ratio should be between 1: 7 and 1:12. In the breeding container, the culture is maintained at a temperature between 22 ° C and 25 ° C, a relative humidity of 85-90% and a CO ₂ level of up to 750 ppm. In this way, the breeding population of the Mediterranean mite is two to three times per week. Generally, a density of 100 to 500 predominant mites per rearing material gram can be achieved.

Example  3

Of sugar mites  At the stage of childhood and adult growth Mediterranean  Scatter test

The purpose of this experiment is to determine whether the Mediterranean mite has a preference for juvenile stages (eggs, larvae and nymphs) of sugar mites and whether they can feed on the adult growth stage of the artificial host. To this end, different breeding systems of the Mediterranean mite (some supplied with juvenile sugar mites and others supplied with sugar mite adults). The average number of eggs spawning per day was compared in the case of the sugar mite at the adult stage of the feeding circle and the Mediterranean mite mite when the feeding source was the sugar mite at the juvenile stage.

Materials and methods

At the beginning of the experiment, we collected the Mediterranean sea flies from the densely populated clusters - cultivars of the Mediterranean Sea, Thirty male and twelve adult male females were selected from the densely-grown cultures and transferred to six newly prepared breeding containers. Five females and two males were each inserted. Three of them supplied sufficient quantities of juvenile stage sugar mites as food sources. The remaining three test cultures were fed with sugar mite adults.

Once six test cultures were prepared, they were placed in a climate room under conditions of limited temperature (25 ° C) and humidity (75%). After 2 or 3 days under these conditions, they were taken out. Six new breeding vessels similar to the previous one were prepared and the same 5 females and 2 males previously used were transferred. As in the previous step, a sufficient amount of juvenile or adult stage sugar mite was added to each test vessel as a feeding source. After transferring the males and females, the number of birds in the breeding vessel from which they were transferred was counted.

Ancillary breeding systems have been preserved in the climate chamber for 2 or 3 days and then discarded for secondary counting to detect any offspring that may not have been discovered. Similar to the previous breeding systems, the new ones also kept repeating the same process. The amount of sugar mite residue in each breeding container was examined daily. A sufficient amount was added as needed.

Data were obtained every 2 or 3 days by evaluating the number of offspring for both the new breeding (primary count) and the preceding breeding (secondary count). Based on the number of females and the total number of offspring found in each breeding container, the average number of eggs laid per female was obtained per day.

result

As a food source Sugar mite  Adult stage

During the whole study (assessed every 2-3 days), the average number of scattered eggs per female was in the range of 1.27 to 2.07 eggs / female / day.

During the whole period, the general mean was 1.8 eggs / female / day. The total number of eggs laid per female during the 16-day period was about 29. The average number of eggs laid per female per day in the primary, secondary and tertiary independent breeding vessels was 1.84, 1.72 and 1.85, respectively. The experimental data are shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1. Food sources: Sugar mite  adult. Three independent breeding systems and comprehensive experiments ( global experiment) Mediterranean sea turtle  Average number of eggs per egg per egg

Experiment Date female Total offspring Egg / day / female Average
Egg / day / female
One 10/11 5 15 1.50
1.84 15/11 5 24 1.60 17/11 5 17 1.70 19/11 5 23 2.30 22/11 5 30 2.00 24/11 5 17 1.70 26/11 5 21 2.10
2
10/11 5 10 1.00
1.72
15/11 5 31 2.07 17/11 5 20 2.00 19/11 5 21 2.10 22/11 5 31 2.07 24/11 5 13 1.30 26/11 5 15 1.50
3
10/11 5 13 1.30
1.85
15/11 5 34 2.27 17/11 5 23 2.30 19/11 5 18 1.80 22/11 5 25 1.67 24/11 5 19 2.38 26/11 5 10 1.25 Date term female descendants Egg / day / female Average
Egg / day / female 10/11 0-2 days 15 38 1.27
1.80
15/11 3-5 days 15 89 1.98 17/11 6-7 days 15 60 2.00 19/11 8-9 days 15 62 2.07 22/11 10-12 days 15 86 1.91 24/11 13-14 days 14 49 1.75 26/11 15-16 days 14 46 1.64

As a food source Sugar mite  Childhood stage

When we compared the development of egg scattered per female during the entire experiment (once every 2-3 days), it was found that the mean range was 1.43 to 2.07 eggs / female / day.

The mean for the whole period was 1.84 eggs / female / day. The total amount of eggs laid per female was about 33 for a period of 18 days. Comparing the average number of eggs laid per female per three independent breeding vessels, the average of primary, secondary and tertiary breeding systems were 1.72, 1.89 and 1.81, respectively. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2. Feeder: Childhood stage Sugar mite . In three independent breeding systems and comprehensive experiments Mediterranean sea turtle  Average number of eggs per egg per egg

Experiment Date female Total offspring Egg / day / female Average
Egg / day / female
One
10/11 5 18 1.80
1.72
12/11 5 21 2.10 15/11 5 31 2.07 17/11 5 17 1.70 19/11 5 16 1.60 22/11 5 33 2.20 24/11 4 10 1.25 26/11 4 8 1.00
2
10/11 6 15 1.25
1.89
12/11 6 24 2.00 15/11 6 31 1.72 17/11 6 25 2.08 19/11 6 26 2.17 22/11 6 36 2.00 24/11 6 25 2.08 26/11 6 22 1.83
3
10/11 5 20 2.00
1.81
12/11 5 21 2.10 15/11 5 26 1.73 17/11 5 21 2.10 19/11 4 17 1.70 22/11 4 24 2.00 24/11 4 13 1.63 26/11 4 10 1.25 Date term female descendants Egg / day / female Average
Egg / day / female 10/11 0-2 days 16 53 1.66
1.84
12/11 3-4 days 16 66 2.06 15/11 5-7 days 16 88 1.83 17/11 8-9 days 16 63 1.97 19/11 10-12 days 15 59 1.97 22/11 13-14 days 15 93 2.07 24/11 15-16 days 14 48 1.71 26/11 17-18 days 14 40 1.43

The results show that the Mediterranean mite is proliferating in both juvenile and adult stages of sugar mite.

Example  4

Sugar mite  On Cucumber  spawning

According to the same general test outline as described in Example 3, when the sugar mite was used as a food source, the average number of eggs laid per cucumber mite was determined.

However, in this experiment, we did not identify the age and sex of the artificial host. Instead, individuals of the sugar mite community were non-selectively added.

result

We compared the development of eggs scattered per female in the entire experiment (once every 2-3 days), and found that, except for the first period (2 days), in which the mean was 1.72 eggs / female / day, Was estimated to be 2.17 to 2.31 eggs / female / day. The general average for the whole period was 2.13 eggs / female / day. The data are shown in Table 3 below.

Table 3. Mean number of eggs per day for female in three independent breeding systems and comparisons

Experiment Date female Total offspring Egg / day / female Average
Egg / day / female
One
29/10 5 19 1.90
2.32
01/11 5 37 2.47 05/11 5 26 2.60 08/11 5 35 2.33 10/11 5 24 2.40 12/11 5 22 2.20
2
29/10 5 25 2.50
2.39
01/11 5 37 2.47 05/11 5 25 2.50 08/11 5 36 2.40 10/11 5 19 1.90 12/11 5 26 2.60
3
29/10 6 11 0.92
2.13
01/11 6 31 1.72 05/11 6 23 1.92 08/11 6 33 1.83 10/11 5 22 2.20 12/11 4 14 1.75 Date term female descendants Egg / day / female Average
Egg / day / female 29/10 0-2 days 16 55 1.72
2.13
01/11 3-5 days 16 105 2.19 05/11 6-7 days 16 74 2.31 08/11 8-10 days 16 104 2.17 10/11 11-12 days 15 65 2.17 12/11 13-14 days 14 62 2.21

The results show that cucumber mite can proliferate on sugar mites.

References

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Claims (10)

- Predatory breeding of mite,
- artificial host clusters, and
- a carrier for an individual of said community,
Wherein said artificial host population comprises Carpoglyphus lactis ,
The predatory mycorrhizae are selected from the group consisting of Amblyseius genus, Euseius genus, Neoseiulus genus, Typhlodromalus genus, Typhlodromips genus , Galendromus spp. , And Typhlodromus spp. , Provided that the predatory spider mite is not Amblyseius swirskii, characterized in that the mite Composition. The method according to claim 1, wherein said predatory mycorrhizal is selected from the group consisting of Amblyseius andersoni, Euseius ovalis, Neoseiulus cucumeris, Selected from the group consisting of Typhlodromalus limonicus, Typhlodromips montdorensis , Galendromus occidentalis, and Typhlodromus athiasae. ≪ / RTI > delete Providing a composition according to claims 1 or 2,
- allowing the predatory cannabis to feed on individuals of the artificial host community
And the method for breeding the predatory mites. 10. A predatory mosquito rearing apparatus comprising a container for containing a composition according to any one of the preceding claims. 6. The feeding device according to claim 5, wherein the container comprises an outlet for one or more moveable growth stages of the mite. 7. The breeding device of claim 6, wherein said outlet provides sustained emission of said one or more moveable growth stages. A method for controlling biological pests of a crop, comprising providing the crop according to claim 1 or 2 to the crop. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the pest is selected from the group consisting of powdery mildew; Thrush; Leaf mite; Or dust mite. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the crop is selected from vegetable crops, greenhouse vegetable crops; Cucurbitaceae ; Soft fruit; Corn crops; Greenhouse tubular crops; Or wood crops.

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