JPH03108433A - Container suitable for multiplication of acarids of family phytoseiidae of very small natural enemy, large amount of multiplication of same acarids using same container and preservation or transportation of same acarids using same container - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simply multiply acarids of the family Phytoseiidae by sealing leaves in which spider mite of insect pests lives in a specific container, placing petioles of the leaves in a water tank for water culture and introducing acarids of the family Phytoseiidae of natural enemy through an opening and closing port of the container into the container under a low temperature condition. CONSTITUTION:A lower part of petiole part 4A of a leaf 4 in which a large amount of spider mites of insect pest, a feed of natural enemy, live is cut and sealed in a container consisting of a box-shaped material 1A with an open bottom prepared by molding a thin plate of transparent plastics and paper spread as the bottom or a sheetlike air-permeable material 18, a material as a substitute for the paper. Then only the petiole part is taken out from a small hole 3 to the outside, gap between the hole and the petiole part is filled with an adhesive 5 and the leaf piece in which spider mites live is put in the container. Then, the petiole part is placed in a water tank 6 for water culture and acarids of the family Phytoseiidae of natural enemy are introduced through an opening and closing port of the container to the container at a low temperature condition to simply multiply acarids of the family Phytoseiidae.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a container suitable for propagating minute natural enemies of the phytoseiid mites, a method for mass propagation of the natural enemies of the phytosmites using this container,
The present invention relates to a method for preserving or transporting natural enemies of the mites using this container.

More specifically, (14) The research that led to the present invention is related to the development of a method of using natural enemy propagation for the purpose of controlling spider mites, which are difficult to control pests.

Therefore, the present invention is intended for application development.

2. The technical and research field to which the present invention pertains is crop (plant) protection in agriculture.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, in Japan, the method of propagating natural enemies such as the spider mites related to the present invention involves releasing natural enemies onto plants where spider mites have multiplied, and then repackaging them when they have sufficiently proliferated. The main method was to transport and release them to agricultural sites where they were needed.

Furthermore, in Europe and the United States, a device that basically automates the same method as above has been developed, and the use of dust mites has been put into practical use.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The conventional techniques described above have the following problems.

However, these methods require extremely high costs per natural enemy unless the scale of the propagation system is increased.
It has been extremely difficult to introduce them into agricultural fields in Japan from an economic standpoint.

The present application was made in view of the problems of the prior art, and its purpose is to provide a system that can do the following.

An object of the present invention is to mass-propagate mites, which are effective natural enemies of spider mites, by a simple method and at low cost.

The development and utilization of such a method is a technology that should be proactively pursued in the current situation where the problem of human toxicity caused by pesticides cannot be ignored, and the present invention is a highly effective technology to achieve this objective. be.

The present invention is highly likely to be applicable to the mass breeding of parasitic phloemes and chimney beetles, which are natural enemies of other pests, such as whiteflies, thrips, and aphids.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is as follows.

In other words, the object of the present application is a box-like body with an open bottom obtained by molding a thin transparent plastic plate, and a sheet made of paper or an alternative material stretched over the opening of the box-like body as the bottom. It is a container suitable for the growth of microscopic natural enemies of the phytophagous mites, which is made of a breathable material with one side made of paper and a cylindrical container with a bowl-shaped or top plate on the top. .

In this case, an opening/closing window is provided at a desired location on the box-like body to allow the animal inside the container to be manipulated, and a small hole is provided at a desired location on the box-like body to allow petioles, etc. of plant leaves to emerge from the container. Can be perforated.

In addition, a method for mass propagation of natural enemies, Phytophytes mites, is configured as follows.

Using the three containers mentioned above, cut off the petiole of leaves heavily infested with spider mites (pests that feed on natural enemies) at the bottom, seal it in the container, and remove only the petiole from the hole made in the container. After putting the spider mite-infested leaf into the container, put the leaf into a container and put the petiole into a hydroponic culture tank equipped with a nutrient solution circulation system to keep the leaf alive. Keep the natural enemy phytophagous mites in it (lower than the openable window of the container)
introduced under commercial conditions and allowed to grow for a period of time.

In this case, even if the container containing the natural enemy phytosporid mites that has multiplied using this method is stored or transported by cutting off the petiole after the leaves wither and sealing the part with adhesive tape, In this way, the container containing the sealed and preserved natural enemies can be cooled (around 10 degrees Celsius), and further food mites can be supplied through the opening/closing window to encourage further proliferation. .

[Effect] I will explain it along with the effects.

[Embodiments of the invention] Examples will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is a container suitable for propagating microscopic natural enemies of the present invention.

IA is the upper surface part I obtained by molding a thin plate of transparent plastic.
AI, a side wall LA2 connected to the upper surface part, and an edge part IA3 connected outward to this side wall part, and is a box-shaped body with an open bottom. This is a sheet-like breathable material made of paper or an alternative material stretched over the opening of the body IA as a bottom surface.

Therefore, the appearance of the container has five sides. It is box-shaped with paper on one side.

In this case, although not shown, one surface of the box-shaped body IA may be made of paper, which serves as the bottom surface, and a cylindrical object having a bowl-like or top plate may be implanted on the top surface.

Due to this structure, it is possible to enclose plant leaves, etc. therein to isolate and breed insects and mites, and at the same time, it can be used as a container suitable for storing, transporting, and releasing these animals.

Reference numeral 2 denotes an opening/closing window provided at a desired location in the box-like body IA, including an opening 2A and a polyethylene thin film 2 that closes this opening.
It is composed of B.

2Bl is a spray adhesive configured to be removably attached to the periphery of the opening.

This opening/closing window allows the animal inside the container to be manipulated.

3 is a small hole bored at a desired location in the box-shaped body IA.

This small hole 3 allows the petiole part 4A of the plant leaf 4 to be taken out of the container and soaked in water to keep the plant leaf in the container alive for as long as possible, thereby eliminating spider mites that feed on it. It can be kept alive for a long time.

The method for mass propagation of microscopic natural enemy cryptophytes, which is carried out using the container of the second invention, is as follows.

Referring to Figure 2, cut off the lower part of the petiole 4A of a leaf 4 that is heavily infested with spider mites (pests that feed on natural enemies), enclose it in the container 1, and puncture only the petiole in the container. The container 1 with a large number of spider mites multiplied therein was placed at a low temperature or on ice 9, and the gap was filled with adhesive 5. Leaf piece 8
Add A, close the lid and leave at room temperature for 1 hour.

Again, under low temperature conditions, leaf piece 8B with cabbage mites
Take out.

Referring to FIG. 4, the opening/closing window of the container is opened at a low temperature, and the above-mentioned leaf piece 8B with the leaf mites attached thereto is introduced into the container.

Referring to Fig. 5, the leaf petiole is placed in a hydroponic culture tank 6 equipped with a nutrient solution circulation device to keep the leaf alive, and the natural enemy, the phytophagous mite, is introduced into the tank through the opening/closing window of the container under low-temperature conditions. The structure is such that the cells are introduced into the cells and allowed to proliferate for a certain period of time (about 7 to 10 days).

In the figure, 6A indicates water containing chemicals for hydroponic use.

In the second invention, after the leaves have withered and died, the petiole of the container containing the multiplied natural enemy phytoseiid mites is cut off, and that part is sealed with adhesive tape 7, so that the whole container can be stored or transported.

In this case, referring to Fig. 6, cool the container containing the preserved natural enemies sealed with adhesive tape 7 (to around 10°C).
However, it is possible to further multiply the spider mites at room temperature by feeding the spider mites through the opening/closing window.

In the figure, 8 is a leaf infested with spider mites to be placed in the container, but only the spider mites may be shaken off.

9 is ice for cooling, but after closing the opening/closing window, it returns to room temperature.

A leaf (parasitic spider mites @ 200 to 300/leaf) was cut off along with the petiole from a potted kidney bean plant in which spider mites had sufficiently proliferated, and this was placed in a container according to the present invention, and the exposed leaf portion was taken out from the small hole at the bottom of the container. The gap between the petiole and the container was sealed with adhesive (woodworking glue).

Open the opening and closing windows of the container at a low temperature, introduce five females of the natural enemy Chirida mites each, close the opening and closing window, and place the petiole in a water tank with circulating nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation and maintain it at 25°C for one week. did.

After that, the petiole was cut, the small hole where the petiole was protruding was sealed with adhesive tape, and the green bean leaves infested with spider mites were fed every two days through a window under low temperature conditions, and the number of natural enemies was counted after 20 days. The table below shows that the growth rate of natural enemies in this container is close to the theoretically calculated maximum growth rate at 25°C.

Theoretical value in the umbrella = 5 X exp (0,33x 2013
0 [Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is configured as described above, it produces the following effects.

The present invention can be applied to the propagation, preservation, and transportation of natural enemies of small plant-parasitic pests (whiteflies, aphids, scale insects, and thrips).

Numerous studies and practical tests have already shown that phytophagous mites are effective natural enemies against insect pests such as spider mites.

According to the container developed here, it is possible to raise large numbers of these animals in isolation for a long period of time under moderate humidity conditions.

In addition, there is no need to transfer these highly active natural enemies to another container after breeding and propagation, and they can be used as they are for an integrated process from storage and transportation to release.

In particular, this container can be made extremely easily and lightweight, and can also be attached to a living plant, keeping frugivorous pests isolated on the living plant leaves, while at the same time allowing natural enemies to proliferate there. I think that combined with this series of methods, it will produce a great effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a perspective view of leaf beans being grown in pots and spider mites multiplying there. Figure 2 is a perspective view of leaf beans being set in a container. Figure 3 is removing spider mites. Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the state of introduction of Divid mites into a container, Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the state of initial proliferation of Divid mites, and Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the state of initial proliferation of Divid mites. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the feeding state of spider mites. 101. Container suitable for proliferation of microscopic natural enemies, phytophagous mites, 239. opening/closing window, 339. Small hole. 4931 leaves, 561. adhesive, 61. Water tank for hydroponic cultivation, 710. Adhesive tape, 810. Leaf infested with spider mites, 916. Water for cooling.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A box-like body with an open bottom obtained by molding a transparent plastic thin plate, and a paper or an alternative material stretched over the opening of the box-like body as the bottom. A method for controlling microscopic natural enemies of the phytophagous mites, which is made of a sheet-like breathable material made of paper, or one side of which is paper, which serves as the bottom, and a cylindrical object with a bowl-like or top plate is planted on the top surface. Container suitable for growth. 2. An opening/closing window is provided at a desired location on the box-like body to allow the animal in the container to be operated, and a small hole is drilled at a desired location on the box-like body to allow the petiole of a plant leaf to come out of the container. 2. A container suitable for propagating microscopic natural enemy cryptophytes according to claim 1. 3. Using the container according to claims 1 and 2, cut the petiole of a leaf infested with a large amount of spider mites (an insect pest that is food for natural enemies) at the lower part, seal it in the container, and remove the petiole. The chisel is taken out through a hole drilled in the container, the gap is filled with adhesive, the leaf piece infested with spider mites is placed in the container, and the petiole is placed in a hydroponic culture tank equipped with a nutrient solution circulation system. A method for mass propagation of natural enemy phytoseiid mites, which is characterized in that leaves are kept alive, natural enemy phytoseiid mites are introduced into the leaf through an opening/closing window of a container under low temperature conditions, and the leaves are allowed to proliferate for a certain period of time. Law. 4. Preservation of natural enemy cryptomites, which is characterized by cutting off the petiole of a container containing natural enemy cryptomites that have been propagated by the method of claim 3 after the leaves wither and sealing the part with adhesive tape. Or transportation method. 5. The container containing the natural enemies sealed and preserved by the method according to claim 4 is cooled (around 10° C.), and feeding spider mites are further supplied through the opening/closing window to further increase the number of spider mites. A method for mass propagation of the natural enemy phytoseiid mites.