KR101437395B1 - Seed Germination Method of Liriodendron tulipifera - Google Patents

Abstract

More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for germinating lily seeds, which comprises seeding lily seeds in autumn, covering the seedlings in the order of sand and straw, covering the seedlings in the order of soil, sand and straw, And is maintained until the early May of the following year to thereby effectively induce germination of the lily seed.
According to the present invention, the germination efficiency of the lily seeds can be significantly increased while using a small amount of seeds compared with the conventional method, and the process of open-air storage can be omitted, thereby saving a lot of manpower and expenses In addition, it is possible to maximize the efficiency of the work because the planting is carried out in the autumn season, which is the farming season, by avoiding the spring season as the farming season.

Description

Seed Germination Method of Liriodendron tulipifera < RTI ID = 0.0 >

More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for germinating lily seeds, which comprises seeding lily seeds in autumn, covering the seedlings in the order of sand and straw, covering the seedlings in the order of soil, sand and straw, And is maintained until the early May of the following year to thereby effectively induce germination of the lily seed.

Liliodendron tulipifera L. is an important hardwood species in Eastern North America and is reported as a commercial timber resource. It is a high value added species that is included in eight species of major afforestation commercial hardwood species annually released by the US Department of Agriculture.

The National Forestry Academy introduced seeds from the country of origin from 1968 to 1970 for the purpose of spreading lily trees with high competitiveness in the timber market. As a result of studying the growth conditions such as adaptability for 30 years, I confirmed it.

The Forestry Agency has included lily trees as main planting species in the 4th Basic Forest Plan (1998 ~ 2007), and started to expand the plantation tree in 2009 as a species of forest biotech forest for reducing carbon dioxide, which is the main cause of global warming. Respectively.

As a result, the volume of lilies planted in small scale units from 2001 has been rapidly increased since 2006, and the planting of 14,000 hectares has been completed nationwide by 2011, and will gradually expand in the future.

The seeds of Liliaceae, which are needed in this year, were supplied by importing 10 tons of seeds from 12 tons of seeds produced every year in domestic seedlings and from Chongsong, USA. The seeds were used to produce and distribute seedlings.

However, it is the policy of the Korea Forest Service to limit the importation of seeds of the US origin due to the cold damage caused by lily planting in the northern Gyeongbuk, Gangwon and Gyeongbuk provinces due to the recent global warming.

Thus, if the import of lily seeds is prohibited in the country of origin, 40% of the seed supply will be reduced to date, which will lead to a serious disruption in the implementation of the annual forest bio-reclamation plan. Therefore, it is urgent to find alternatives to solve these problems.

As a solution, it is the easiest way to secure the seeds of domestic harvesting seeds. However, it is impossible for the limited seedling area of Korea, and alternatively, the technology to produce the maximum seedling with the same amount of seeds and the development of the technology to improve the germination rate This is hope.

So far, the method of lily lily has been carried out in the autumn. After harvesting the seeds, the seeds and the dung are blended in a ratio of 1: 3, and the open-air store is carried out for 3 months or more. Then, 100g per m2 is sown on the seedlings, Watering should be carried out 4 to 6 times a day for 2 months after sowing. The germination rate is low at 14.4 ~ 46.6%. When producing seedlings in this manner, 5.7 kg seeds are required to produce 2,000 stamens per ha of lily planted with forest biomass.

The present inventors have conducted intensive researches to overcome the problems of the prior art. As a result, the present inventors have found that seedlings of lilies are sown in the autumn, and the seedlings are covered in the order of sand and straw or the seedlings are covered in the order of soil, , It was confirmed that the germination rate could be increased to 37 ~ 75% when it was covered with the vinyl film and kept until the beginning of May of the following year, thus completing the present invention.

Accordingly, a main object of the present invention is to provide a method for effectively germinating lily seeds.

According to one aspect of the invention there is provided lily trees (Liriodendron on October to November tulipifera L.) seeds to seedlings, a) covering the seeds with sand and then covering them with straw; Or b) covering the seed with soil, covering the top with sand, and covering the top with straw, and then placing the vinyl membrane on the seedbed covered with seeds a) or b) (From May 1 to May 10). The present invention also provides a method for germinating seeds of Liliaceae.

Collection of lily seeds is possible from October to January of the following year, but it is a little time from the beginning of October to the middle of autumn when the autumn leaves start to appear. After this period, due to excessive aging of the cones, the cones may be damaged during the harvesting process and seed loss may occur.

The flowering of the lily tree occurs in the middle of May, similar to the bamboo tree. The flowering period of one cluster is 1-2 weeks, and the whole flowering period lasts about 25 days. The fallopian pickers of the fall can be distinguished by color, from early dark to light yellow.

The collected cones are dried in a windy shade to help the seeds grow up. When drying in an enclosed building such as a warehouse, it is advisable to use an electric fan to ensure that the air is circulated smoothly.

When the cone is completely dried, it begins to separate. Until this time, it is better to remove the contaminants such as debris and fallen leaves after separating the seeds with the seeds by hand and using hand.

The ratio of lily-tree faithful seeds is very low, but it can produce two faithful seeds in one plant. However, most chaffs produce one seed, sometimes producing two seeds.

In the present invention, sowing of lily seeds is preferably carried out from the beginning of October to the end of December, when the seeds are harvested. According to the existing germination method, the germination rate is improved as the length of open shelf of lily seeds is increased to 3 years. In the present invention, since the function similar to the effect of the open-air store is exhibited during the period from October to November, during the period from April to May after the seeding, seed covering and vinyl film installation, germination is started as soon as possible in the autumn It is possible to increase the open-air shelter period until the beginning of the month, and when deepening in winter, the soil freezes and the seeding work becomes difficult, so it is preferable to follow the seeding time.

In the present invention, seeding time, seed covering, and holding time after vinyl film installation are based on the Republic of Korea, and the germinating method of the present invention can exert an effect when it is carried out in the Republic of Korea.

In the present invention, the seeding amount of the lily seed is preferably 30 to 70 g, more preferably about 50 g per m 2 of seedling surface area. As a result of comparing the germination efficiency according to the seeding amount in the present invention, the germination efficiency was rather decreased as the seeding amount was exceeded. For reference, it is recommended to plant 100g per ㎡ in existing open-store methods. Accordingly, since a smaller amount of seed is required than the conventional method, the burden on the required seed amount can be considerably reduced, which is a great advantage in a situation where it is difficult to obtain a sufficient amount of seeds.

In the conventional practice of lily germination, the seed is covered with soil after sowing. In contrast, the present invention is characterized in that seeds are covered with a) sand and straw or b) sand, soil, and straw. As a result of comparing different seed covering materials, germination efficiency was shown to be excellent when seed covering of a) or b) was carried out. This shows that when the seed germinates and protrudes the cotyledon into the ground, In the process, it is expected that when the seed is covered with the soil, the moisture is maintained because the covered soil is heard, while the sand is isolated one by one, filling the space between the leaves formed by the cotyledon. Straws prevent winter damage and provide warmth and moisturizing effects. The term "sand" generally refers to a rock piece with a diameter of 0.05 to 2 mm and a general name of the ore, which can be divided into soil and granular sizes of less than 0.05 mm in diameter. In the present invention, it is preferable to use sand having a diameter of 0.1 to 2 mm. When the granules use too much sand, the cotyledon becomes difficult to come out to the ground.

It is preferable that the grains seeded when seeding of a) is covered with sand at a thickness of 1.5 to 2.5 times the seed thickness and then covered with straw of 1 to 1.5 kg per m 2 of seedlings sown on the seeds, Seedlings seeded with seeds are covered with soil to a thickness of 0.7 to 1.3 times the seed thickness and then covered with sand with a thickness of 0.7 to 1.3 times the seed thickness and covered with straws of 1 to 1.5 kg per sown mattress per square meter desirable. If the thickness covering the sand, sand and soil in the seed coverings of a) and b) is too thin, it is difficult to maintain moisture and temperature of the seed, and if it is too thick, the cotyledon becomes difficult to come out to the ground. Therefore, it is preferable to follow the above thickness, and most preferably, it is preferable to cover the sand with a thickness of about twice the seed thickness in case of a), and sand and about the same thickness of sand about one times the seed thickness in case of b) It is better to cover. It is stipulated that all the tree seeds (including lily trees) are sown in the "Guidelines for the Seedling Project Implementation" of the Forestry Agency Regulation No. 599 (Dec.30, 2011) and covered with straw of 1.2 kg per ㎡. desirable.

In the present invention, after the seed covering is performed, a vinyl membrane is placed on the sown seedbed to prevent damage to the East Sea in winter and to insulate and moisturize it. Preferably, the vinyl membrane is a black vinyl membrane. In the present invention, when black vinyl, transparent vinyl, and light shielding film were installed in comparison, it was found that the germination efficiency was increased and the germination was completed in a short period of time. As a result, lily seedlings become dominant species in comparison with weeds, thereby reducing damage caused by weeds.

According to the present invention, the germination efficiency of the lily seeds can be significantly increased while using a small amount of seeds compared with the conventional method, and the process of open-air storage can be omitted, thereby saving a lot of manpower and expenses In addition, it is possible to maximize the efficiency of the work because the planting is carried out in the autumn season, which is the farming season, by avoiding the spring season as the farming season.

FIG. 1 is a photograph showing a seed covering process after lily seed sowing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a graph showing the germination rate depending on the seed covering material and seed seeding amount.
3 is a graph showing germination numbers according to seed covering material and seed seeding amount.
4 is a photograph taken after a black vinyl film, a transparent vinyl film, or a light-shielding film is installed (covered with a cover) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a graph showing the germination rate of the sand + the case of using a seed covering material as straw 1.2kg, nursery covering material (black plastic, transparent plastic, or a light shielding film) and seed seeding rate.
Figure 6 is a graph showing the germination Number of Lines in accordance with the sand + the case of using the seed covering material as straw 1.2kg, nursery covering material (black plastic, transparent plastic, or a light shielding film) and seed seeding rate.
7 is a graph showing the balahse according to the case of using a seed covering material with sand + straw 1.2kg, nursery covering material (black plastic, transparent plastic, or a light shielding film).

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. These embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, and thus the scope of the present invention is not construed as being limited by these embodiments.

Example 1.

Table 1 shows the quality of the lily seeds used in this Example.

strain
mountainous district Net rate
(%) ℓ available
(dog) Available per kg
(dog) In volume
(g) Real
(g) Relative seed percentage (%) One city and one party
2% Seed ratio (%) Suwon 92.0 743 20,000 36.4 49 12.8 1.9

The seeds were collected from 44 year old lambs (about 80 cm in diameter and about 23 m in length) in the forest genetic resources department of the National Forestry Research Institute. The seeds were collected and selected in early November 2010.

The seeds were randomly sampled in four replicates. The ratio of the seeds was determined by random sampling of 100 lobes, followed by cutting with a sharp razor blade, followed by 4 repetitions. Respectively.

According to the origin report, the number of lilies per kg of lilies was 12,678 ~ 41,181, and the ratio of longevity of seeds in natural stand was ranged from 8.1 ~ 21.7% up to 34.8%.

When compared with the quality of the seeds produced in the country of origin, the seeds used in this embodiment are regarded as normal seeds, and the sizes of the seeds and the like are above the seeds.

Example  2.

In November 2010, we planted seeds, seeds, and vinyl membranes.

The seeds of Example 1 were scattered on seedlings, and the seeds were covered with different materials. The seed covering material was classified as ① sand, earth, and straw 1.2 ㎏, ② sand + straw 1.2 ㎏, ③ earth + straw 1.2 ㎏.

In the case of (1), the soil was covered with about 1 times the thickness of the seed, and the sand was covered with about one time the thickness of the seeds, and then covered with 1.2 kg of straw per square meter.

In the case of ②, the sand was covered with about twice the thickness of the seed, and covered with straw of 1.2 kg per ㎡.

In the case of ③, the soil was covered with about twice the thickness of the seed, and covered with 1.2 kg of straw per ㎡.

After the seeds were covered, a black vinyl membrane was placed on the seedlings.

When the germination of about 5 per ㎡ was carried out in the spring of the following year, the vinyl membrane was walked, and a 100 - fold dilution of pesticide "Tachigaren" was sprayed by using the premixed two or three times to prevent the disease. It is recommended that irrigation should be carried out once or twice a day until completion of germination (50 ㎡ per ㎡). Therefore, fertilization should be carried out in the same way as when seedlings are planted before sowing, According to the instructions, "We sprayed fertilizer and insecticide, tillage, and made a seedbed. Germination rate and germination number were confirmed in early June when germination was completed.

As a result, as shown in Figs. 2 to 3, the germination rate was excellent in the case of ① using sand, soil, straw, and ② using sand and straw.

Example  3.

Sowing and seed covering were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, and the wave seedling phase was covered with black vinyl (0.03 mm thick), transparent vinyl (0.05 mm thick) and light shielding net (non-sounding 75%). The rice straws were fully covered with a control.

As a result, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the germination rate was the highest when black vinyl was used, and germination was completed in a short period of time, so that uniform seedling per unit area could be grown.

In particular, black vinyl was the best when the seeds were covered with sand + soil + straw, and when the seeds were covered with sand + straw or soil + straw, the transparency was excellent. When the transparent vinyl was used, It is disadvantageous to produce uniform standard seedlings, and it has been shown that there is a problem in seedling management due to an increase in weed generation due to sufficient light.

Example  4.

According to the Ministry of Land, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, "Specification for the Seedling Project", it is stipulated that 100 grams of seed per sq.m will be planted in spring sowing.

In order to determine an appropriate seeding amount when using the method of the present invention, the germination rate was determined by dividing the seeding amount into 50 g, 100 g, and 150 g, respectively.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the germination rate was the highest when 50 g was sown in all the test sites, and the germination rate was lowered as the seeding amount was increased.

Claims (4)

From October to November, seeds of Liliodendron tulipifera L. were seeded on seedlings at 30 to 70 g / m 2 per area,
a) covering the seeds with sand to a thickness of 1.5 to 2.5 times the seed thickness and then covering the seeds with 1 to 1.5 kg of straw per m 2; or
b) Seed covering the seeds with the seed at a thickness of 0.7 to 1.3 times the seed thickness, covering the seeds with sand at a thickness of 0.7 to 1.3 times the seed thickness and covering the seeds with straw at 1 to 1.5 kg / m 2 per m 2; Then,
A method for germinating a lily seed germ, wherein a black vinyl film is provided on a seedling covered with seeds of the above a) or b) and kept until the beginning of May of the following year.
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