KR101224844B1 - Fertilizer containing germanum and method for producing a farm products using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solid and liquid fertilizer containing germanium, and more particularly, to convert inorganic germanium into organic germanium using microorganisms to be absorbed well in plants and containing germanium to increase the content of organic germanium in plant cells Provides solid and liquid fertilizers.

Description

Fertilizer containing germanum and method for producing a farm products using the same}

The present invention relates to germanium-containing solid and liquid fertilizers, and more specifically, germanium-containing solid and liquid fertilizers to convert the inorganic germanium to organic germanium using microorganisms to be absorbed well and increase the content of germanium in the crop It is about. The invention also relates to a method of growing plants, in particular ginseng, using germanium containing solid and liquid fertilizers.

Germanium (Ge) is the 32nd element of IVA on the periodic table, and the analysis of the composition of the spring water continued after the report of Lourdes, a French-Spanish border in 1930, that had a great effect on the treatment of various diseases. Medical efficacy was first discovered. However, while organic germanium is safe, inorganic germanium is known to cause kidney and liver dysfunction, and since then, it has been reported that organic germanium does not remain in the body and has pharmacological action rather than inorganic germanium, which has been reported to have strong toxicity and many side effects. The research was actively conducted. The role of organic germanium in vivo is to increase the oxygen supply in the cell, purify the blood, promote the excretion of heavy metals in the body, activate natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, induce interferon secretion, and induce cytotoxic T-lymphocyte Production control.

Organic germanium (Ge) can not only help human health if it is possible to mass-produce low prices, but also contribute to farm income and national interest. By the way, relatively common inorganic germanium can only be absorbed by plants for human consumption. Feeding the animals is difficult to survive due to many side effects and remain in the body for about 24 hours (up to 30 hours). Therefore, researches have been conducted on the method of absorbing inorganic germanium and converting it to organic germanium. Here, it is important to select a plant that absorbs inorganic germanium well. It has been found that rare herbal medicines such as ginseng, ganoderma lucidum, horseshoe mushrooms, garlic, aloe, comfrey, and myrtle leaf contain relatively large amounts of organic germanium. The content of germanium is 800-1,000ppm for Ganoderma lucidum and horseshoe mushrooms, and 754ppm for garlic, while Korea's Cheonsan Ginseng is 4,189ppm, which is extremely high. Ginseng and Sanyangsan ginseng were originally based on Cheonjong Mountain Ginseng, but have different tastes, different textures, and different potency, but are the same root plant. In particular, ginseng is a plant that consumes so much intellect that it is impossible to grow, and among them, Cheonjongsan ginseng is the most absorbing germanium, unlike US, Japanese, Chinese, and Canadian ginseng. However, Cheonjong Mountain Ginseng is difficult to obtain several weeks each year throughout the Korean Peninsula, and even Cheonjong Mountain Ginseng is not natively high in germanium. This is because the germanium content may vary depending on soil or climate.

It is wrong to see the characteristics of Cheonjongsan as saponins. The reason is that saponin is more abundant and is contained in white ginseng than Cheonjong. The phenomena that only appear in Cheonjongsan are organic germanium phenomena depending on the germanium content. Cheonjongsansam became ginseng when it was agriculturally grown, and it was artificially planted in the mountain again to become Sanyangsansam (jangneengsam), and it changed according to the environment, soil, and farming methods, but it is the same classification. Germanium content is 4.3ppm in mass-produced ginseng, 43ppm in mountain goats planted in acidic acid, and garlic contains 754ppm even when grown in the field. If it allows absorption of germanium without resistance from materials with high inorganic germanium content and environment setting, the germanium content of wild ginseng may be similar to or higher than the 4,189ppm germanium content. Likewise, if the environment is created, garlic could exceed the existing content of 754 ppm. Therefore, studies are being actively conducted to increase germanium content in crops by treating germanium.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0718720 relates to a method for producing ginseng or wild ginseng root containing organic germanium which inoculates and incubates the ginseng or wild ginseng root formed from callus in a medium cultured with inorganic germanium to allow the inorganic germanium to be absorbed by the root muscle. Although it is described, this is a complex and difficult problem because the process to inoculate and culture in the inorganic germanium-containing medium after forming the root muscle from the callus has a problem. Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0866587 describes a germanium and selenium-containing liquid fertilizer prepared by processing clays and feldspars, but it is manufactured in the form of a liquid fertilizer by treating germanium-containing minerals, and it is difficult to absorb germanium effectively. there is a problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, a solid fertilizer containing germanium to convert the inorganic germanium to organic germanium using a microorganism so that germanium is easily absorbed by the plant to increase the germanium content in the crop And a liquid fertilizer and a method of growing a plant using the fertilizer.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by selecting appropriate inorganic germanium materials and microorganisms, using them to prepare natural solid fertilizers and liquid fertilizers, and then spraying the fertilizers on the soil surface where the plants are grown and measuring the germanium content of the crops. It was.

The present invention converts inorganic germanium into organic germanium using microorganisms so as to be well absorbed by plants, thereby greatly increasing the germanium content in crops, and reducing costs by using waste materials such as coal or briquettes as inorganic germanium feed materials. Has an excellent effect of providing environmentally friendly fertilizer.

Inorganic Germanium-Containing Substances

Inorganic germanium is extracted from gold, silver, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), coal, etc., but it is not only difficult to organicize but also expensive. In addition, even if the synthesis of inorganic germanium to organic germanium may be a side effect of the problem, the organic germanium extracted from the plant is a small amount of extraction, there is a problem that is expensive. In the case of weapons, germanium is also mixed in mining soils and minerals collected from gold, silver, copper, zinc, and coal mines, and also in volcanic ash in mining areas where gold, silver, copper, zinc and coal are high. Germanium is volatilized and vaporized at high temperatures (958.5 ° C), so it is rare for volcanic ash due to volcanic high temperatures, but large amounts of volcanic ash that has been ejected from mining areas where gold, silver, copper, zinc, and coal are produced for more than 10 years. Contains minerals and small or significant amounts of germanium. However, soils from gold, silver, copper, zinc mines, coal, etc. can be sprayed by plants because of arsenic, heavy metals, and gold, silver, copper, zinc, and coal components, making them impossible to spray on plants, and germanium is not absorbed well by plants. Do not. Similarly, biotite contains a small amount of germanium, but when sprayed in large quantities, the plant may die, and the germanium may not be absorbed well by the plant, and when a lot of volcanic ash is sprayed, the plant may dry out. Therefore, it is the core of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned difficulties in order to use soils or volcanic ashes from gold, silver, copper, zinc, coal, or the like, which are relatively high inorganic germanium contents, or mines.

Adoption of inorganic germanium materials

As far as is known, the most abundant source of inorganic germanium is coal and the woody part of the coal. However, coal is arsenic, heavy metal and oily, so plant spraying is impossible. Bituminous coals can reach a high temperature of up to 1600 ° C when they are extinguished, but coal-fired coals without thermal efficiency can stay at 958 ° C (700-850 ° C). Moreover, you may burn coal within 958 degreeC. Importantly, since germanium volatilizes and vaporizes at 958.5 ° C, a small amount of inorganic germanium remains in the briquettes in the case of generally briquettes having a heat of 500-850 ° C. However, briquettes alone have a small amount of germanium, which is ineffective. However, a significant amount of inorganic germanium contained in coal remains in the ash of coals fired at low heat below 958.5 ° C. However, when coal ash is sprayed on a plant, there is a problem of death, and after dissolving such coal ash in water, a certain amount of briquette ash and biotite must be applied together.

Dissolution of Inorganic Germanium

In order to solve the problem that the plant or ginseng may die when spraying a large amount of inorganic germanium and the inorganic germanium may not be absorbed well, there is a method of absorbing inorganic germanium through microorganisms to ferment and neutralize it. Briquettes and biotite are applied to germanium-containing materials such as coal ash with relatively high inorganic germanium content. The ratio is preferably about 50 to 60% by weight of coal ash, 20 to 40% by weight of briquette ash, and about 10 to 20% by weight of biotite. In order for microorganisms to absorb minerals, inorganic germanium must be dissolved in water. Inorganic germanium is resistant to heat (evaporated at 958.5 ° C) but soluble in water. Therefore, copper or zinc is heat-treated to extract germanium, but when the germanium-containing material is pulverized into fine particles and then put into boiling water heated to 100 ° C. or higher and 958.5 ° C. or lower, preferably 100 to 250 ° C., the water is removed. Inorganic germanium is dissolved. However, in the present invention, unlike the conventional dissolution method, finely powdered coal ash, briquette ash, biotite was put in boiling water and stirred for 24 hours. Since coal ash has many ash components harmful to ginseng when dissolved in water, it is preferable to dissolve coal ash separately from briquette ash and biotite. Stir the germanium-containing material as it is without grinding it, or if you put it in boiling water in boiling water, thinly slice it to dissolve it well. The germanium solution thus obtained can be used after cooling.

Microbial Selection and Cultivation

Microorganisms that do not resist inorganic germanium and absorb well but are beneficial to special crops such as garlic, ginseng, and wild ginseng are different from conventional microorganisms, which protect root plants from the infection of harmful microorganisms and pathogens and can decompose various contaminants. As aerobic bacteria, Pseudomonas putida strain (ATCC 33015), which is a low-temperature strain that grows well in field soil or fresh water, was selected. It is preferable to incubate the microorganism in a culture medium Trypic soy broth Nutrient broth for 24 hours at a temperature of 27-30 ° C. Since the culture of the cultured microorganisms (hereinafter referred to as the seed culture) is small, the microbial seed dispensing solution is added in an amount of 100 ml of microbial culture medium per 5000 ml of soybeans made by boiling soybean powder and cooled or boiled soybeans. The mixture was passaged at 27-30 ° C. for 24 hours to increase the amount of the microbial culture solution of the present invention. The cultured microbial subculture was mixed with a germanium solution at a ratio of 1:10 to prepare a germanium-containing microbial preparation.

Preparation of Solid Fertilizers

In order to increase the efficiency, the germanium-containing microbial preparation is made into a solid fertilizer in the form of sidelobe compost before spraying on the root plant. This is because spraying the adsorbed side lobe composts can absorb the plant for a long time, rather than mixing the germanium solution with the microbial culture and spraying the plant directly. The main leaf composts are mainly oak oak leaves (10ppm), which are beneficial to garlic, ginseng, and mountain goats.Sprinkle about 30L of germanium solution on 1 ton of leaflets and sprinkle 10L of germanium-containing microorganisms on it. Solid fertilizers were prepared by keeping the germanium well at a temperature of −30 ° C. for at least 10 weeks (6 months or so). Germanium washes well in water, so it must be prevented from raining down and avoiding direct sunlight. At this time, it is more effective to put together the germanium material used to prepare the germanium solution. When the germanium material is added, the coal ash which is dissolved in the coal ash in water is mixed with briquette ash and clay in a ratio of 3: 7 and fermented into a lobular compost to be fermented to plant cultivated soil.

Preparation of Germanium Liquid Fertilizer

As described above, the germanium culture solution can be used as it is, but first, the germanium solution is sprayed on the lobster compost, and after the microbial culture solution has been sprinkled (or mixed), more than 10 weeks (preferably about 6 months) have passed. Absorbed, fermented. Germanium-absorbed microorganisms were cultured by stirring the solution at 500-1,000 liters of water per 10 kilograms (sugar microorganisms were killed at 100 ° C) for 24 hours at 27-45 ° C, which was able to reproduce well. The culture solution was compressed and filtered to prepare a germanium liquid fertilizer.

Germanium liquid fertilizer can be sprayed on goats (cultivated soil) three times a year or more, and spraying germanium sideburns on goats (cultivated soil) together helps to absorb germanium much more. Germanium manure compost is dried and chopped into germanium natural compost.

Availability of series

As mentioned above, because ginseng consumes a lot of intellect, it is impossible to plant in the same place, so it should be rested for about 10 years. However, when injecting germanium foliate compost and germanium liquid fertilizer, the amount is increased, and the germanium foliate compost is controlled 2-3 times by 5 grams, and the germanium liquid fertilizer is controlled by 50ml once a month, and the culture solution is also injected. When volcanic ash, masato, and calcium are added to the absorbed side lobes, they are mixed with existing soil (cultivated soil) at 4: 6 or 5: 5, and the cultivation of mountain goats and ginseng is possible. In addition, it can be cultivated in the mother plate and the seed powder in such a quantity. Sanyangsan ginseng is not as big as ginseng, so you can grow a single plant with a depth of 25 centimeters (35 centimeters) and 15 centimeters in diameter. You can also make a redistribution that can hold about 10-12 pieces of similar size. By mixing soil and germanium foliate compost with 6: 4 or 5: 5, it can be planted in the cultivated forests, and it will be possible to use the Indian Farm in nature and to grow it.

Experimental Example  1. By germanium liquid fertilizer and germanium solid fertilizer Mountain goat  Germanium content measurement

During the 30 weeks (30 seasons) of cultivation of wild ginseng, the germanium liquid fertilizer and the solid fertilizer in the form of foliar compost were sprayed and the germanium content of the wild ginseng was examined. Injection conditions and results are shown in Table 1. Each time per group, 10 g or less of germanium side lobe compost and 50 ml or less of germanium liquid fertilizer were sprayed. The total injection amount for 24 months is within 5 times 10 g of side lobe compost, 60 g in total, 20 times 50 mg of germanium liquid fertilizer, and 1000 ml in total. The biotite powder was sprayed with the germanium material to see how the biotite without mixing the germanium containing microbial agent was absorbed.

 GE mixture Change over 24 months
 Remarks General Cultivation (No Ge Spray)  Ge content: 43 ppm  Oak tree cultivated in forest Biotite (70% by weight): Ge material (30% by weight)
Ge content: 43-> 84ppm
(1.95 times increase) Low growth rate Side Compost and GE Liquid Fertilizer for Ge Mixtures
(6 times solid fertilizer / 20 times liquid liquid fertilizer) Ge content: 43-> 1,230ppm
(About 28 times increase) Increases with concentration / quantity of mixture and number of branches

As shown in Table 1, compared with the conventional germanium content of cultivated wild ginseng, the content of germanium is 43ppm, when spraying biotite and germanium material increases about 2 times, and when co-injecting a germanium solid fertilizer and a germanium liquid medium, approximately 28 As it can be seen that the fold increased, it was confirmed that the germanium solid fertilizer and the germanium liquid medium of the present invention are effective in increasing the germanium content of wild ginseng.

Experimental Example 2. Cultivation of Sanyang Ginseng by Fertilizer

After dividing the sanyangsan ginseng transplanted into 12 lines by 300 weeks into four groups, the germanium solid fertilizer, the germanium liquid fertilizer, elvan powder and biotite powder of the present invention were sprayed. Injection conditions are shown in Table 2 below. Germanium solid fertilizer was sprayed twice every 3g for 12 months during the 24 months cultivation period, and liquid germanium fertilizer was sprayed every 3g once a month. Elvan and biotite were sprayed 3 g once a month for 12 months.

 Ge liquid fertilizer   Ge solid fertilizer  Elvan   Biotite  1st group (6 lines)   3 g (A)  3g  Non  Non  2nd group (2 lines)    3 g (B)   Non  Non   Non  Third group (two lines)  Non  Non  3g  Non  Fourth group (two lines)  Non  Non  Non  3g

Experimental Example 3 Changes in the Saponin Contents of Sansam Ginseng Sprayed with Germanium Liquid Fertilizer and Germanium Solid Fertilizer.

The saponin content of the four types of goats grown in Experimental Example 2 was analyzed by HPLC. The content and composition of goat ginseng saponins were analyzed three times for each sample to confirm the reproducibility of the results. As a sample, ginsenoside of 99% purity or more purchased from Chromadex (U.S.A.) was used.

The HPLC apparatus used was a Waters 1525 binary HPLC system (Waters, USA) and the column was Gemini 5μ C18 110A (Phenomenex, 4.6 × 50 mm, USA). The mobile phase is acetonitrile (HPLC grade, Sigma, USA) and distilled water for HPLC, and the ratio of acetonitrile was sequentially increased from 17% to 40%, 60% and 80% and finally adjusted to 17%. The running temperature was room temperature, the flow rate was 1.0 ml per minute, and the chromatogram was detected at 203 nm using a uv / vis Waters 2487 Dual λ Absorbance Detector (Waters, U.S.A.) detector.

As a result, the first group of wild ginseng sprayed with germanium liquid fertilizer and germanium solid fertilizer according to the present invention ginsenoside-Rb ₁ compared to other groups Ginsenoside-Rb _{2 ,} Ginsenoside-Rd _, Ginsenoside-Rf _, Ginsenoside-Rg _{2 ,} Ginsenoside-Rc _, Ginsenoside-Rg _{3 ,} Ginsenoside-Rh _{1 ,} Ginsenoside- The concentrations of Rh _{2 and} ginsenoside-Rg were increased respectively.

Experimental Example  4. Spraying the germanium liquid fertilizer and germanium solid fertilizer of the present invention Mountain goat  Efficacy evaluation

60 g of mountain goat ginseng, prepared by grinding yogurt and each of the four groups grown in Experimental Example 2, was made to be eaten by 16 healthy adults. Four people who took the first group of wild ginseng drink sprayed with germanium liquid fertilizer and germanium solid fertilizer said that after 15 minutes of cooling, the body became hot, the neck and face became red, and the back of the hand felt slightly reddened and heated. In addition, a little sweating, strong feelings, strength, fatigue is eliminated, the next morning he felt the enhancement of male function and did not feel hungry.

Experimental Example  5. Germanium liquid fertilizer and germanium of the present invention Lobster compost  Sandblasted Mountain goat  Animal testing

Two groups of 4 g goats grown in Experimental Example 2 were orally administered to rats. 20 minutes after the administration, the swimming ability and activity of the rats treated with the first group of goats were superior to those of the other groups.

Claims (7)

Preparing a germanium solution by adding 50 to 60 wt% of coal ash, 20 to 40 wt% of briquette ash, and 10 to 20 wt% of biotite in boiling water heated to 100 to 250 ° C., stirring and dissolving for 24 hours;
Pseudomonas putida ( Pseudomonas putida ) strain (ATCC 33015) was incubated for 24 hours at a temperature of 27 to 30 ℃ and then added to soy bean juice or soybeans and passaged at 27 to 30 ℃ for 24 hours to prepare a microbial culture ;
Preparing a germanium-containing microbial agent by mixing the microbial culture solution and the germanium solution in a weight ratio of 1:10; And
Germanium solution (Ge) comprising the step of mixing the germanium solution and the germanium-containing microbial formulation in a volume ratio of 3: 1 and 40L sprayed to 1ton of the side lobe compost for 10 weeks to 6 months at room temperature of 27-30 ℃ Containing solid fertilizer manufacturing method. The method of claim 1, wherein the fermentation step is a germanium-containing solid fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that the fermentation by further adding at least one germanium-containing material selected from coal ash, briquettes, clay. Germanium-containing solid fertilizer produced by the method of claim 1. A germanium-containing liquid fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein the germanium-containing solid fertilizer is added to water, stirred at 27 to 45 ° C. for 24 hours, and then compressed and filtered. The solid fertilizer of claim 3 and the liquid fertilizer of claim 4 alone or mixed with the plant cultivation method characterized in that the spray on the soil in which the plant is grown. According to claim 5, wherein the plant is a plant cultivation method, characterized in that the garlic, ginseng or mountain goat. The method of claim 5, wherein the solid fertilizer and the liquid fertilizer is applied to the seedlings, bedding, Indian Farm (Indoor Farm) plant cultivation method characterized in that to be possible.