KR100680742B1 - A pellet compost manufacturing apparatus and method by using live stock excretions compost - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus and a method for manufacturing pellet compost from live stock excretion compost are provided to produce final byproduct with high quality and homogeneous particle size as well as proper adhesion strength and low water content by adopting aerobic fermentation and post compositing steps to remove water content. The apparatus includes: first vibrational classifier(1) that classifies livestock excretion compost in a particle size after eliminating water content through aerobic fermentation and post composting processes; a return conveyor(2) that transports the classified compost with constant particle size to a fermenter to classify the compost again; a crusher(3) that breaks the classified compost; a second vibrational classifier(4) that separates and selects the broken compost in particle size; first measuring and packaging device(5a,5b) that collects, measures and packages the secondly classified compost; a heating dryer(6) that dries the compost after collecting the classified compost; a mixer(7) that mixes the dried compost with additive and binder to form soft solid type of mixture; a pellet former(8) that forms small granular product from the soft solid mixture; and a second measuring and packaging device that solidifies the granular compost after cooling and drying, measuring and packaging the solid compost.

Description

Pellet compost manufacturing apparatus and livestock compost manufacturing method using livestock manure compost {A PELLET COMPOST MANUFACTURING APPARATUS AND METHOD BY USING LIVE STOCK EXCRETIONS COMPOST}

1 is a schematic side view schematically showing the overall configuration of a pellet compost manufacturing apparatus using livestock manure according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view schematically showing the overall configuration of a pellet compost manufacturing apparatus using livestock manure according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a process chart showing the manufacturing process of pellet compost using livestock manure according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a graph showing the pellet forming rate of the final product according to the livestock manure compost water content dried through a dryer.

Figure 5 is a graph showing the pellet forming rate of the final product according to the clay mixing ratio mixed as a binder in the dried livestock manure compost.

<Description of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings>

1 ... 1 Vibration Separator 2 ... Return Conveyor

3 ... crusher 4 ... 2nd vibrator

5a, 5b ... 1st, 2nd weighing packing machine 6 ... hot air dryer

7.Mixing device 8 ... Pellet molding machine

The present invention relates to a pellet compost manufacturing apparatus using livestock manure compost, and more specifically, through the aerobic fermentation process and the ripening process, the selected livestock manure compost from which a certain amount of moisture is removed again, and crushed and dried to produce a uniform particle size. The present invention relates to a pellet compost manufacturing apparatus using livestock manure compost to obtain a good final by-product.

In general, livestock manure (abbreviated as "livestock") discharged from farms and large-scale livestock complexes is not properly treated, and is discharged as it is to soil or rivers, and has become a major cause of water quality and soil pollution. In order to prevent this, in recent years, the work of fermenting and drying livestock stock is composting.

In this way, the use of livestock in the soil to produce high-quality compost or manure is a valuable resource that can improve the chemical properties of the soil and increase the intellect of the farmland of Korea, which is low in organic components and aging due to soil acidification. As a result, livestock farms or local organizations have their own resources to maintain environment-friendly livestock farming.

For example, the sawdust mixed composting method, which is the most common method of livestock farming, is used. However, this method has no choice but to rely on the technology of stock solution in the manure mixed state in each farm. there was. In particular, the amount of the constituents to be processed by such a treatment method is extremely limited, there is a limit to the effective resource such as composting by processing a large amount of constituents collectively.

For this purpose, recently, a pellet compost manufacturing apparatus using livestock manure compost that can be used to effectively process a large amount of livestock in a short time has been proposed, has already been introduced to many large farms and local organizations and used in the field.

Conventionally known compost manufacturing apparatus using livestock manure compost is an aerobic fermentation facility that dehydrates the livestock stored in the manure storage tank and separates it into solids and liquids, and lowers the moisture content of the solid livestock, and selects the aerobic fermented livestock after the post-aging process. It consists of a post-treatment facility that obtains by-products that can be used as resources.

The aerobic fermentation plant generally includes a solid-liquid separator for separating and sorting urine and sludge manure excreted from livestock, and a dehydrator for dehydrating water contained in solid sludge in the sorting. It includes a large dry fermenter, a ripening process and a sorting machine, a packaging machine to reduce the moisture content by drying the condensate to remove the water to some extent while going through the aerobic fermentation facility.

In the conventional compost manufacturing apparatus using the livestock manure compost configured as described above, the constituents stored in the manure storage tank are separated and sorted into the liquid and solid sludge contained in the constituents through a solid-liquid separator, among which the solid condensed sludge is After dehydration and dry fermentation process, the water is removed and finally sorted and packaged through a sorting machine, and then discharged, thereby obtaining a final by-product, that is, organic compost, which has no odor and has a low moisture content.

However, the conventional pellet manure manufacturing apparatus using the livestock manure compost as described above has a problem in that the final product obtained through the sorting machine after drying, the particle size of the final product is not uniform and the moisture content is high to obtain a high quality compost.

The present invention is to solve the above-described problems, after separating and sorting the mature nutrient compost by a certain amount of water removed by a certain amount through aerobic fermentation process and ripening step by size and pulverized drying to control the moisture and particle size Pellet compost manufacturing apparatus using livestock manure compost, which has a suitable binding strength and obtains a good final by-product of low water content and uniform particle size by mixing additives and binders to form a uniform particle diameter through a pellet molding machine. And a method for producing pellet compost.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, through the aerobic fermentation process and after-aging process to enable the effective resource, such as composting by grinding the dried livestock manure compost in which a certain amount of water is removed, through the aerobic fermentation process A first vibrating separator for separating and sorting aged massed livestock manure compost in which a certain amount of water is removed according to particle size; A return conveyor for transporting the compost of a predetermined particle size or more filtered through the first vibrator to a fermentation tank to use as a moisture control agent; A pulverizer for finely pulverizing livestock manure compost of a predetermined diameter or less selected by the first vibrating separator; A second vibrating separator for separating and sorting the livestock manure compost finely pulverized by the grinder according to the particle size; A first weighing packing machine for collecting and packaging livestock manure composted by the second vibrating sorting device having a predetermined diameter or more; A hot air dryer for drying and receiving livestock manure compost of a predetermined diameter or less selected through the second vibrating separator; A mixing apparatus for mixing the additives and the binder with the livestock manure compost having low moisture through the hot air dryer to make the livestock manure compost become a soft solid; Pellet molding machine for producing a solid body-type livestock manure compost discharged through the mixing device in the form of small grains of uniform particle diameter; And a second weighing packing machine for minimizing the livestock manure compost produced through the pellet molding machine through a cooling and drying process and finally weighing and packaging the livestock manure compost in the form of small granules. Provided is a pellet compost manufacturing apparatus using compost.

Here, the first and the second vibrating separator is applied to the screen net is inclined on the frame and composed of vibration means for shaking the screen net so that the screening object can be separated and sorted according to the particle size through the screen net It is characterized by.

In addition, the hot air dryer includes a cylindrical drum having an inlet and an outlet and rotating in a circumferential direction, a rotary shaft disposed in the drum along a longitudinal direction of the drum and moving relative to the drum, and disposed at the drum inlet side. It is characterized by consisting of a hot air burner for providing a high temperature hot air to the drum outlet side.

The mixing device may include a first hopper into which an additive and a binder are added, a second hopper into which livestock manure is added, and a stirrer to mix and stir the material supplied through the first and second hoppers. It features.

Preferably, as the additive, phosphorus, potassium, or the like may be used, and as the binder, clay having excellent binding properties and inexpensive clay may be used.

In addition, the pellet molding machine applied to the present invention, a cylindrical casing having an inlet and an outlet, a compression feed screw for compressing and conveying the mixture mixed inside the casing and mixed through a mixing device, mounted on the casing outlet side It characterized in that it comprises a cutter for continuously cutting to a uniform size the mixture discharged into a soft continuous solid through a compression transfer screw.

In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention, while quantitatively mixing sawdust in the livestock manure compost to be subjected to the screening process and at the same time fermented and ripened livestock manure compost in which the moisture content is controlled through the sawdust fermentation and after-bathing in about 50% Aerobic fermentation step to have a water content of; A first sorting step of separating and sorting the lumped livestock manure compost in which a certain amount of water is removed through the aerobic fermentation step according to the particle size; A grinding step of pulverizing compost having a predetermined particle size or less selected through the first sorting process; A second sorting step of separating and sorting the livestock manure compost finely crushed through the grinding process according to the particle size; A drying step of drying the livestock manure compost below a predetermined particle size selected through the secondary screening process in a dryer in a condition of 110 ° C. to 140 ° C. to maintain a water content of about 40%; A mixing step of mixing and stirring the livestock manure compost 100% by weight, the additives 3 to 5% by weight, and the binder 10 to 20% by weight, respectively, through the drying process; Pellet forming step of molding the mixture in the form of a solid body in which the additives and the binder are quantitatively mixed through the mixing step into pellets having a uniform particle size through a pellet molding machine; A dry cooling step of rapidly cooling and drying to obtain a pellet compost (water content: 20%) as a final product in order to prevent deterioration of the pellet-type livestock manure compost prepared through the pellet molding process; It provides a method for producing pellet compost using livestock manure compost comprising a; and the weighing and packaging step of final weighing and packaging the pellets compost of the solid granules solidified through the drying and cooling process.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 is a schematic configuration and planar configuration diagram schematically showing the overall configuration of the pellet compost manufacturing apparatus using livestock manure according to the present invention.

1 to 2, a pellet compost manufacturing apparatus using livestock manure compost according to the present invention, separating and screening the aged livestock manure compost in which a certain amount of water is removed through aerobic fermentation process and ripening process according to the particle size A grinder 3 disposed between the first and second vibrating separators 1 and 4 and the first vibrating separator 1 and the second vibrating separator 4 to finely grind the first sorted livestock manure compost. And, the hot air dryer (6) for drying treatment of livestock manure compost below a predetermined particle diameter selected by the second vibrating separator (4), and additives and binders in the livestock manure compost controlled moisture content during the drying process And a pellet forming machine 8 for producing and molding a mixture of additives, binders, and compost into small granules of uniform size. The configuration of the main part of the present invention will be described in more detail.

The first vibrating separator 1 receives livestock manure compost through heavy equipment or a conveyor from a fermentation post-bathing vessel in which livestock manure compost is stored as a sorting object. Specifically, the first vibrator 1 is a screen net 10 installed inclined on the frame and the vibration means for shaking the screen net so that the screening object can be separated and sorted according to the particle size through the screen net (not shown) It includes. In this case, the vibration means may include a motor and an eccentric cam mounted on the motor shaft, and the screen net 10 may be made of a stainless material having high corrosion resistance in consideration of its use.

Preferably, the return conveyor 2 is provided at the side of the discharging end of the lower side of the screen net 10 which is inclined. Accordingly, the livestock manure compost over a certain particle diameter filtered through the screen net 10 is returned to the fermentation post-bath after the pretreated compost is stored.

The grinder 3 is crushed finely by receiving the livestock manure compost of a predetermined particle size or less selected by the first vibrating separator 1. Such a grinder (3) is a rotary shaft is disposed inside the drum provided with a space therein, a general grinder equipped with a plurality of grinding blades may be applied to the outer periphery of the rotary shaft.

The second vibrating separator 4 is arranged in a post-mill process to separate and sort livestock manure compost pulverized by the mill again by particle diameter. This second vibrating separator 4 has the same configuration as that of the first vibrating separator 1 described above. However, the mesh of the screen net is smaller than the mesh of the screen net 10 applied to the first vibrating separator 1. Therefore, the livestock manure compost of the particle size smaller than the 1st vibrating separator 1 can be separated and selected.

Here, the general conveyor 45 may be provided on the outlet side of the second vibrating separator 4, and the first weighing packing machine 5a may be provided on the discharge side of the conveyor. In this case, the livestock manure compost more than a certain particle size filtered through the screen net of the second vibrating separator 4 is transferred to the first weighing packing machine 5a side through the conveyor 45, where it is packed in the form of weighing and powdered fertilizer. Thus, it can be commercialized as a compost with a relatively large particle size.

The hot air dryer 6 receives the livestock manure compost of a predetermined particle size or less selected by the second vibrating separator 4 to dry it to control the water content of the livestock manure compost. Specifically, the hot air dryer 6 applied to the present invention includes a cylindrical drum 60 having an inlet 60a and an outlet 60b and rotating in the circumferential direction. In the drum (60), a rotary shaft (62) having a plurality of stirring blades on its outer circumference is disposed along the drum longitudinal direction to perform relative movement with the drum (60), and a hot air burner on the drum inlet (60a) side. 64 is disposed to provide high temperature hot air to the drum outlet 60b inside the drum 60. Accordingly, the sorted manure introduced through the drum inlet 60a moves from the drum inlet 60a to the outlet 60b through hot air provided from the inlet 60a to the outlet 60b and at the same time the rotary shaft ( Drying is carried out while being squeezed through the stirring blade of 62).

On the other hand, the mixing device 7 is a device for stirring and mixing so that the dried livestock manure compost is a soft solid with excellent quality by mixing the additive and the binder in the livestock manure compost with the moisture content is adjusted during the drying process. In detail, the mixing device 7 includes a first hopper 70 into which additives and a binder are added, and a second hopper 72 into which livestock manure compost in which water content is controlled through the hot air dryer 6 is introduced. It is provided. Under the first and second hoppers 70 and 72, a stirrer 74 is provided to properly mix and stir composts, additives and binders supplied through the first and second hoppers 70 and 72, respectively. do. Therefore, additives, binders, and livestock manure composts respectively supplied through the first and second hoppers 70 and 72 are mixed in the stirrer 74 and discharged to the outside in the form of soft solids. Here, minerals (phosphate, potassium, etc.) may be used as the additive, and as the binder, excellent clay and low cost clay may be used.

The pellet forming machine 8 is once again agitated with the solid body-type livestock manure compost mixture discharged through the mixing device 7 and is produced in the form of small grains of uniform particle size. Specifically, the pellet forming machine 8 includes a cylindrical casing 80 having an inlet and an outlet, a compression feed screw 82 disposed inside the casing 80 to compress and convey the mixed mixture through a mixing device, The casing 80 includes a cutter (not shown) mounted on the outlet side. In this case, the cutter may have a configuration in which a plurality of cutter blades extend radially with respect to the center of the cutter, and is preferably rotatably mounted on the outlet side of the casing 80. In this case, the mixture discharged into the soft continuous solid body through the compression transfer screw 82 by the rotation of the cutter can be continuously cut into small granules having a uniform size.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a cooling dryer for preventing deterioration of the final pellet compost produced through the pellet molding machine, and 5b is a second weighing packing machine for quantitatively packing the final cold-dried compost.

Next will be described in connection with the operation of the present invention with reference to Figure 3 the pellet composting process of livestock manure compost through the apparatus for producing pellets compost using livestock manure compost of the present invention configured as described above.

The livestock manure compost, which is a screening process, is stored in a fermentation after-treatment tank, not shown, and the stored livestock manure compost is input to the first vibrating separator 1 through heavy equipment or a conveyor. At this time, the livestock manure compost stored in the fermentation after fermentation tank is fermented and ripened for a certain period (about 100 days) in the fermentation and after-treatment bath to have a water content of about 50%, preferably 50 to 55%. (Aerobic fermentation step).

Aged livestock manure compost from which a certain amount of water is removed through the aerobic fermentation process and the ripening process is separated and sorted by particle diameter through the first vibrating separator (1). Here, the oversize compost filtered through the first vibrating separator 1 is conveyed to the fermentation and post-tubing side through the return conveyor 2 and mixed with the existing livestock manure filled in the fermentation and post-tubing, so that livestock manure is The water content of the lower, and the compost of the selected predetermined particle diameter is supplied to the grinder (3) is subjected to the grinding process (grinding step).

Subsequently, the livestock manure compost finely pulverized by the grinder 3 is separated and sorted again according to the particle size through the second vibrating separator 4 (second sorting step), and the second vibrating wire separator 4 is separated. Livestock manure compost over a certain particle size filtered through is collected and packaged through the first weighing packing machine 5a to be commodified as a compost with a relatively large particle size, and livestock below a certain particle size selected by the second vibrating separator 4. The manure compost is dried for a predetermined time to have a water content of about 35 to 45% through the hot air dryer 6 under the condition that the temperature of 110 ℃ ~ 140 ℃ (drying step).

At this time, when the moisture content is 35% or less, the pellet formability in the subsequent process, in particular, the pellet forming step is remarkably decreased, and when the water content exceeds 45%, the wet product is too moist to interrupt the supply of air, so that the pellet compost, which is the final product, is easily There is a problem of corruption. Therefore, the moisture content of the compost discharged through the drying process is preferably about 40% (see graph 4).

 Furthermore, the livestock manure compost with low moisture through the drying process using the hot air dryer 6 is mixed with the additive and the binder while passing through the mixing device 7 to be discharged in a soft solid state. The binder is mixed in an amount of 3 to 5% by weight (additive) and 10 to 20% by weight (binder) based on 100% by weight of livestock manure compost having a low water content through the drying process (mixing step).

Here, as the additive, a mixture of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) alone or quantitatively mixed is used, with respect to 100% by weight of the livestock manure compost having a water content of about 40% while drying. If the content is less than 3% by weight, there is a risk that the quality of the product may be degraded due to the lack of minerals in the final product. If the content is more than 5% by weight, the amount of additives is increased, which increases the manufacturing cost of the final product. Therefore, the additive is preferably added 3 to 5% by weight based on 100% by weight livestock manure compost.

As the binder, clay having affinity and adhesion to soil is used, and when the clay is mixed at a level of less than 10% with respect to 100% by weight of the livestock manure compost having a water content of about 40% during the drying process. Regardless of the type of compost, as shown in FIG. 5, the pellet processing is almost impossible, and when the clay is mixed at a level exceeding 20%, the pellet forming rate is increased as in FIG. There is a drawback that the counting pellets do not melt in the soil. Therefore, the binder is preferably added 10 to 20% by weight based on 100% by weight of livestock manure compost.

Subsequently, the mixture in the form of a solid in which the additives and the binder are quantitatively mixed through the mixing step through the mixing device 7 is produced and discharged in the form of small grains of uniform particle size through a pellet forming machine (pellet forming step).

Finally, the small grain-type livestock manure compost produced through the pellet forming machine 8 is solidified through a rapid cooling drying process to prevent deterioration, and the pellet compost (water content 20%) which is the final product of the solidified small grain form ) Is finally weighed and packaged through the second weighing packing machine 5b and commercialized (weighing and packing step).

According to the embodiment of the present invention as described above, through the aerobic fermentation process and the after-treatment process, the solid nutrient compost is removed by a certain amount of water removed by a certain amount by crushing and drying by mixing the additive and the binder through a pellet molding machine It manufactures by shape | molding to a uniform particle diameter. Accordingly, a good final by-product, i.e., pellet compost, having a suitable binding strength and having a low water content and a uniform particle size can be obtained.

What has been described above is only one embodiment for carrying out the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the present invention is made without departing from the gist of the present invention as claimed in the following claims. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in this field will have the technical idea of the present invention to the extent that various modifications can be made.

As described above, according to the present invention, a pellet compost manufacturing apparatus and a pellet compost manufacturing method using livestock manure compost, through the aerobic fermentation process and ripening process, the selected livestock manure compost in which a certain amount of water is removed again, crushed and dried By mixing the additives and the binder to form a uniform particle diameter through a pellet molding machine, it is possible to obtain a good final by-product, that is, a pellet compost having a suitable binding strength, a low moisture content and a uniform particle diameter.

Claims (9)

Through the aerobic fermentation process and ripening process, the solid livestock manure compost from which fermentation and moisture is removed is pulverized and dried to enable effective resource such as composting. A first vibrating separator for separating and sorting livestock manure compost from which a predetermined amount of water has been removed through the aerobic fermentation process and the ripening process according to the particle size; A return conveyor for returning the livestock manure of a predetermined diameter or more filtered through the first vibrating separator to a fermentation tank so that the sorting operation is performed again; A pulverizer for finely pulverizing livestock manure compost of a predetermined diameter or less selected by the first vibrating separator; A second vibrating separator for separating and sorting the livestock manure compost finely pulverized by the grinder according to the particle diameter; A first weighing packing machine for collecting and packaging livestock manure composted by the second vibrating sorting device having a predetermined diameter or more; A hot air dryer for drying and receiving livestock manure compost of a predetermined diameter or less selected through the second vibrating separator; A mixing device for mixing the additives and the binder with the livestock manure compost with the moisture controlled through the hot air dryer so that the livestock manure compost becomes a soft solid; Pellet molding machine for producing a solid body-type livestock manure compost discharged through the mixing device in the form of small grains of uniform particle diameter; And The second granular packing machine for pelletizing livestock manure compost produced through the pellet forming machine is cooled and dried to prevent product deterioration, and finally weighs and packages the livestock manure compost in solid granule form. Pellet compost manufacturing apparatus using livestock manure compost comprising a. The method of claim 1, The first and second vibration separator, A screen net installed obliquely on the frame, An apparatus for producing pellet compost using livestock manure compost comprising a vibrating means for shaking the screen net so that the screening object can be separated and sorted according to the particle diameter through the screen net. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Hot air dryer, A cylindrical drum having an inlet and an outlet and rotating in the circumferential direction, A rotary shaft disposed in the drum along a longitudinal direction of the drum and moving relative to the drum; The apparatus for producing pellet compost using livestock manure compost, which is disposed on the drum inlet side and comprises a hot air burner that provides high temperature hot air to the drum outlet side inside the drum. The method of claim 1, The mixing device, A first hopper into which the additive and the binder are added; A second hopper into which the livestock manure compost in which water content is controlled through a dryer; Apparatus for producing pellet compost using livestock manure compost, characterized in that consisting of agitator for mixing and stirring the material supplied through the first and second hopper. The method according to claim 1 or 4, Wherein the additive is any one or two or more selected from the mixture of phosphorus, potassium quantitatively mixed, the binder is a clay compost manufacturing apparatus using livestock manure, characterized in that the clay. The method of claim 1, The pellet molding machine, A cylindrical casing having an inlet and an outlet, A compression feed screw disposed inside the casing to compress and convey the mixed mixture through a mixing device; And a cutter mounted on the casing outlet and continuously cutting the mixture discharged into a soft continuous solid body through the compression transfer screw into a uniform size in accordance with a livestock manure compost. Aerobic fermentation step to have a moisture content of 50% to 55% by quantitatively mixing sawdust in the livestock manure compost to be treated and fermentation and ripening in the livestock manure compost in which the moisture content is controlled through the sawdust; A first sorting step of separating and sorting the lumped livestock manure compost in which a certain amount of water is removed through the aerobic fermentation step according to the particle size; A grinding step of pulverizing compost having a predetermined particle size or less selected through the first sorting process; A second sorting step of separating and sorting the livestock manure compost finely crushed through the grinding process according to the particle size; A drying step of drying the livestock manure compost below a predetermined particle size selected through the secondary screening process in a dryer under a condition of maintaining a temperature of 110 ° C. to 140 ° C. such that a water content becomes 35% to 45%; A mixing step of mixing and stirring the livestock manure compost 100% by weight, the additives 3 to 5% by weight, and the binder 10 to 20% by weight, respectively, through the drying process; Pellet forming step of molding the mixture in the form of a solid in which the additives and the binder are quantitatively mixed through the mixing step into pellets having a uniform particle size through a pellet molding machine; A dry cooling step of rapidly cooling and drying to obtain pellet compost which is a final product in order to prevent deterioration of the pellet-type livestock manure compost prepared through the pellet molding process; And A weighing and packaging step of finally weighing and packaging the pellet granules in the form of pellets solidified through the drying and cooling process; Pellet compost using livestock manure compost. The method of claim 7, wherein Livestock manure more than a predetermined particle size filtered through the primary screening step is a pellet compost manufacturing method using livestock manure compost, characterized in that to be returned to the fermentation, post-tubing through a return conveyor. The method of claim 7, wherein The additive is a mixture of any one or two or more selected from phosphorus, potassium quantitatively mixed, the binder is a clay compost using a livestock manure, characterized in that the clay.

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