KR102356310B1 - A composting apparatus using livestock manure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of compost using livestock manure, which comprises the steps of: mixing livestock manure and wood meal; sorting a mixture by the particle size; heating and drying the sorted mixture; and fermenting the dried mixture, wherein in the step of sorting a mixture, a sorting unit is implemented with several sorting plates disposed up and down and a vibration generating means which transmits vibration thereto, thereby manufacturing high-quality compost and significantly reducing the cost of livestock manure treatment.

Description

Compost manufacturing apparatus using livestock manure {A COMPOSTING APPARATUS USING LIVESTOCK MANURE}

The present invention relates to a compost manufacturing method using livestock meal, in which a mixture of livestock meal and wood meal is selected by particle size, then heat-dried and finally fermented to produce high-quality compost. am.

Just releasing livestock manure causes serious soil and water pollution. Therefore, in order to prevent this, various treatment methods of livestock manure, such as composting of livestock manure, have been proposed.

In particular, pig manure among livestock manure has a strong odor, and even when pig manure is composted or liquid manure, it has a peculiar bad odor. Therefore, if compost or liquid manure made from pig manure is sprayed on crops, the stench around the cultivated land is contaminated and the living environment of the area is considerably deteriorated.

Among various technologies to solve these problems,

Korean Patent Publication No. 1997-074328 (published on May 1, 1998, hereinafter referred to as 'Document 1') "Method for producing feed and fertilizer from pig manure using fly larvae" is proposed,

Document 1 relates to a method of producing a high-protein feed and high-quality fertilizer using fly larvae from pig manure (pig manure) generated in large quantities in pig farms or pig farms. A first step of adjusting the moisture content of pig manure to 53 to 70% by adding and kneading, a second step of placing the pig manure with the controlled moisture content in a container and then administering fly eggs into the pig manure; The third step is to maintain the pig manure at a temperature suitable for larvae to grow, and the third step is to collect the cocoons separated from the pig manure and the processed pig manure, respectively, as the fly eggs administered in the manure consume the pig manure as food and decompose it into an adult cocoon. It is a technique for producing feed and fertilizer from pig manure by using the fly larvae that can obtain high-quality fertilizer and high-protein feed through the 4th step and the 5th step of vacuum packaging the processed pig manure and the collected cocoons, respectively. .

As another technique, Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2012-0013037 (published on Feb. 14, 2012, hereinafter referred to as 'Document 2') 『Pork manure treatment method』 is proposed,

Document 2 includes a process of maturation of pig manure, a process of separating liquid manure from the aged pig manure, and a process of putting the separated liquid manure into the plantation of water hyacinth. It is a technology related to a new method of processing pig manure that can be treated in an environment-friendly manner, and in particular, the yield of water hyacinth is increased and thus the income of the farmer is also increased.

As another technique, Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2013-0101346 (published on September 13, 2013, hereinafter referred to as 'Document 3') 『A method of treating pig meal slurry for recycling』 is proposed,

Document 3 discloses a pig manure slurry storage tank for storing pig manure slurry collected from a pig farm in order to recycle vegetable oil contained in pig manure slurry discharged by pigs growing on plant feed, and a certain amount of the stored pig manure slurry into the chamber. The process of injecting and filtering the sludge by pressing with air or oil by placing a pressurizing tube into which air or oil is injected on top of the pig meal slurry, and the sludge cake produced by pressure filtration is converted into fuel or incinerated and included in the solution produced by pressure filtration It consists of a process of separating vegetable oil and water using gravity or a centrifuge, and a process of esterifying the separated vegetable oil with alcohol in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst to produce biodiesel. It is a technology related to a method of processing pig meal slurry for recycling.

As another technology, Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1533493 (registered on June 26, 2015, hereinafter referred to as 'Document 4') 『Methane gas and compost using pig manure and chicken manure and equipment used therein』 has been presented,

Document 4 discloses that high moisture content of 80% or more is mixed and fermented with chicken manure having a moisture content of more than 0 mesh to 10 mesh or less and a moisture content of 20% or less, and loess soil, wherein the moisture content is 50 to 60% by volume when the pig manure and chicken manure are mixed, The loess is added within the range of 0.5 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the high water content pig meal, 0.5 to 2 parts by weight when the mixing temperature is 5° C. or higher, and 2 to 5 parts by weight when the mixing temperature is less than 5° C. By inputting within the range, environmental pollution can be reduced by recycling environmental pollutants without a separate moisture control agent, the facility is simple, and no harmful ingredients are emitted during the treatment process. It is a technology related to a method and a device used therefor that can be regenerated into renewable biomass energy and high-quality compost resources regardless.

Document 1. Korean Patent Publication No. 1997-074328 (published on May 5, 1998) Document 2. Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0013037 (published on Feb. 14, 2012) Document 3. Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0101346 (published on September 13, 2013) Document 4. Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1533493 (Registered on June 26, 2015)

The present invention mixes livestock and wood flour in a certain ratio, selects the blended blend by particle size, heats and dries the blend of the selected fine particle size, and ferments the dry blend to lower the odor to below the standard value, and An object of the present invention is to provide a compost manufacturing method using one livestock manure so that the compost can be manufactured.

In order to solve the above problems, the compost manufacturing method using livestock meal according to the present invention is,

mixing livestock meal and wood meal using a mixing unit;

selecting the compound that has undergone the compounding step by particle size with a sorting unit;

heating and drying the mixture selected through the screening step with a dry unit; and

fermenting the dried mixture through the drying step with a fermentation unit;

made up of

The sorting unit includes a conveyor for transporting the compound, a sorting body having an internal sorting space, a top sorting plate disposed above the sorting space of the sorting body, into which the blend transported by the conveyor is put, and inclined forward; , A middle sorting plate that is spaced apart from the lower side of the top sorting plate and inclined forward in the sorting space of the sorting body, and a bottom sorting that is spaced apart from the lower side of the middle sorting plate in the sorting space of the sorting body and tilted forward It consists of a plate, a plurality of posts installed on the ground and supporting the sorting body, and vibration generating means installed on the lower side of the sorting body to transmit vibration to each of the sorting plates, and each sorting by the vibration generating means When the plate vibrates up and down, it is characterized in that the formulation is sorted by particle size by the top sorting plate, the middle sorting plate, and the bottom sorting plate.

A method for manufacturing compost using livestock according to the present invention,

While it can significantly reduce the cost of animal manure treatment, it has the greatest effect in producing high-quality compost.

1 is a block diagram showing each unit step by step in the method for manufacturing compost using livestock according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the mixing unit and the supply unit,
3 is a three-dimensional configuration diagram showing a selection unit;
4 is a side configuration diagram showing a selection unit;
5 is a plan view of FIG. 4;
6 is a rear configuration view of FIG. 4;
7 is a configuration diagram to show that a conveyor is provided in the sorting unit;
8 is a block diagram showing a dry unit;
9 is an enlarged plan view of the main part of "A" of FIG. 8;
10 is a three-dimensional configuration diagram for showing a holding module;
11 is a cross-sectional view of the coupling of FIG. 10;
12 and 13 are partially enlarged cross-sectional configuration views for showing the coupling process between the shaft and the roller by the holding module.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Prior to this, the terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to conventional or dictionary meanings, and the inventor should properly understand the concept of the term in order to best describe his invention. Based on the principle that it can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention. Therefore, the configuration shown in the embodiments and drawings described in this specification is only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not represent all of the technical spirit of the present invention, so various equivalents that can be substituted for them at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be water and variations.

7 , the direction of the conveyor side of the sorting body is specified as the rear or rear, and the tower exit side is forward or forward.

1 to 13, the compost manufacturing method using livestock according to the present invention,

It largely consists of a blending step, a screening step, a heat drying step and a fermentation step.

Looking at each step,

The blending step is

It is a step of mixing livestock meal and wood meal at a certain ratio using the mixing unit 10 .

At this time, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the compounding unit 10 is

A mixing body 11 having a mixing inlet 112 and a mixing outlet 113 connected to the mixing space 111 and the mixing space 111,

A stirring screw 12 rotatably installed in the mixing space 111 of the mixing body 11, and

A screw driving part 13 that transmits rotational power to the stirring screw 12

is made including

At this time, in the mixing body 11, the mixing inlet 112 is disposed on the upper side, the mixing outlet 113 is preferably disposed on the lower side.

In addition, a separate opening/closing door is provided at the mixing outlet 113 so that it is closed when stirring for mixing and opened by external control when stirring is completed.

And the screw driving part 13 may be implemented as a driving motor having a driving shaft interconnected with the shaft of the stirring screw 12, or a driving motor having a driving sprocket on the driving shaft, and on the shaft of the stirring screw 12 It can be implemented as a coupled driven sprocket and a driving chain interconnecting the driving and driven sprockets, and this embodiment is only an example, and various within a range that satisfies the conditions for transmitting rotational power to the stirring screw 12 . It will be subject to change and change.

Therefore, shaft flour and wood flour of a certain ratio input to the mixing inlet 112 of the mixing body 11 are stirred and blended by the stirring screw 12 rotated by the screw driving unit 13 . The blended blend is discharged through the blending outlet 113 of the blending body 11 .

The mixture thus discharged may be supplied to a separate supply unit 20 side by a transfer conveyor or the like.

1 and 2, the supply unit 20 is

To put the compound formulated by the compounding unit (10) in a square box-shaped tray (22),

supply body 21, and

A rectangular box-shaped tray 22 disposed at the outlet of the lower side of the supply body 21 .

is made including

At this time, the compound transferred by a transfer conveyor or the like into the supply body 21 is supplied, and the compound is press-feed to the tray 22 side by hydraulic pressure or the like. When the tray 22 is filled with a certain amount of the compound, the supply is automatically cut off, and the tray 22 is replaced with another tray 22 and then supplied again. These operations may be implemented to be controlled by a controller or the like.

The selection step is

It is a step of selecting the compound that has passed through the compounding step by particle size with the sorting unit 40 .

At this time, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 7 , the sorting unit 40 is

Conveyor 41 for conveying the compound;

Sorting body 42 having an internal sorting space 421,

The top sorting plate 43 disposed above the sorting space 421 of the sorting body 42, the compound transported by the conveyor 41 is put, and inclined forward;

In the sorting space 421 of the sorting body 42, the middle sorting plate 44 is spaced apart from the lower side of the top sorting plate 43 and inclined forward;

In the sorting space 421 of the sorting body 42, the bottom sorting plate 45 is spaced apart from the lower side of the middle sorting plate 44 and inclined forward;

A plurality of posts 46 installed on the ground and supporting the sorting body 42, and

Vibration generating means (47) installed on the lower side of the sorting body (42) to transmit vibration to each of the sorting plates (43, 44, 45)

is made including

At this time, the vibration generating means 47 has a structure in which an eccentric cam coupled to a shaft rotating by a driving motor or the like vibrates the sorting body 42 or each of the sorting plates 43, 44, 45 up and down, or a driving motor The vibration generating means 47 may have a structure in which the sorting body 42 vibrates up and down while the rotating shaft rotates in a ┌┐ shape by means of a ┌┐ shape. It will be possible to variously deform and change within a range that satisfies the condition for vibrating up and down.

Therefore, when the respective sorting plates 43, 44, and 45 vibrate up and down by the vibration generating means 47, the top sorting plate 43, the middle sorting plate 44, and the bottom sorting plate 45 The formulation is sorted by particle size.

And, as shown in FIG. 4, in front of the sorting body 42, a top outlet 422, a middle outlet 423, and a bottom outlet 424 for setting the exit directions of each of the sorting plates 43, 44, 45. is provided, as in FIG. 5 , two or more of the outlets 422 , 423 , 424 are displaced from each other when viewed from the top. In the present invention, the tower outlet 422 is disposed to be biased to one side, the middle outlet 423 is disposed in the center, and the bottom outlet 424 is disposed on the same vertical line as the tower outlet 422 . As a result, it is easy to arrange a box for collecting the compound discharged through the tower outlet 422 and the middle outlet 423 .

And as shown in FIG. 5 , a plurality of sorting holes penetrating up and down are formed in the top sorting plate 43 and the middle sorting plate 44, and these sorting holes are the top sorting plate 43 and the middle sorting plate. All of the plates 44 may have the same diameter, or the middle selection plate 44 may have a smaller diameter. A plurality of sorting holes smaller in diameter than the top and middle sorting plates 43 and 44 are also formed in the bottom sorting plate 45 . In this case, it is preferable that the bottom of the sorting space 421 of the sorting body 42 is inclined forward, and a final outlet 429 connected to the bottom is provided. As a result, the compound dropped from the bottom sorting plate 45 is discharged to the outside through the final outlet 429 .

And, as shown in FIG. 4, the sorting body 42 has a top guide 425, a middle guide formed on both inner walls of the sorting space 421 and into which the sorting plates 43, 44, 45 are slidably inserted. 426 and a bottom guide 427 are provided, and each of the sorting plates 43, 44, 45 slidably inserted into each of the guides 425, 426, 427 is attached to each of the guides 425, 426, 427. It is fixed by the bolts 428 to be fastened.

As a result, each of the sorting plates 43, 44, and 45 is fixed by a bolt 428, and can be separated from each of the guides 425, 426, 427 when the bolts are released, so that each of the sorting plates 43, 44, 45 ), maintenance such as cleaning and replacement is easy. In addition, it is easy to replace with another sorting plate that meets the conditions to be sorted in consideration of the particle size of the compound.

The heat drying step

This is a step of heating and drying the mixture selected through the screening step with the dry unit 50 .

At this time, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 to 13 , the dry unit 50 is

Dry body 51 having an internal dry space portion 511 and a dry input portion 512 and a dry discharge portion 513 connected thereto;

A plurality of dry conveyors 52 disposed at regular intervals vertically in the dry space 511 of the dry body 51, and

Heating means (53) installed on the bottom side of the dry space (511) of the dry body (51)

is made including

At this time, as in FIG. 9 , each dry conveyor 52 includes a pair of shafts 521 spaced apart from the front and rear, and a plurality of rollers coupled to each shaft 521 at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction thereof. 522 and an endless net 523 interconnecting the respective shafts 521 .

In addition, the two dry conveyors 52 arranged vertically adjacent to each other are arranged so that the compound dropped from the net 523 of the upper dry conveyor 52 can be seated on the net 523 of the lower dry conveyor 52 . do.

The 'fall from the net' refers to when the net 523 rotates together with the shaft 521 and moves downward along a curved trajectory on the shaft 521 side in a horizontal orbit. This means that the formulation will fall.

And a drive motor for transmitting rotational power to one shaft 521 of the respective shafts 521 is provided, and as shown in FIG. 8 , the nets 523 of the two dry conveyors 52 disposed vertically adjacent to each other are opposite to each other. will rotate in the direction

Meanwhile, as in FIGS. 9 and 10 , sprockets 524 are provided at both ends of each shaft 521 , and a chain 525 wound around the sprocket 524 is provided, and the A plurality of bar-type rods 526 interconnecting the chains 525 wound on the sprockets 524 provided at both ends are provided. At this time, since the net 523 is installed in a shape surrounding each rod 526 , shape deformation such as sagging or bending of the net 523 is prevented.

In addition, the heating means 53 may be installed at the bottom of the dry space 511 of the dry body 51 and may have a heating rod structure in which a heating wire coil is built-in.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIGS. 10 to 13 , the dry unit 50 further includes a holding means 54 for attaching and detaching the roller 522 to the shaft 521 .

The holding means 54 is formed in the center of the roller 522 and has an inner hollow part 541 into which the shaft 521 is inserted, and is formed to be recessed inward along a part of the inner periphery of the hollow part 541 . a recess 542 which is formed, a pair of openings 543 extending from one side and the other side of the hollow part 541 and communicating with the recess 542, the hollow part 541 and the opening part An arc-shaped bracket 544 that passes through 543 and blocks the recess 542 and both ends are fixed to the respective openings 543 to form a space S between the shaft 521 and the shaft 521 . ) and a holding module 545 having an elastic member 545b mounted on the bracket 544 and pressing and fixing the shaft 521 through the elastic member 545b.

At this time, the holding module 545 has a pair of fitting holes 545a penetrating vertically through the bracket 544 and disposed left and right, and both ends are inserted into each fitting hole 545a to be exposed upward, and the middle part is The U-shaped elastic member 545b disposed on the side of the interspace portion S and the elastic member 545b are fastened to both open ends of the elastic member 545b to provide an elastic force for stopping the elastic member 545b during a tightening or loosening operation. It is made of an adjustment bolt 545c to be adjusted, and a hexagonal groove is preferably formed in the head of the adjustment bolt 545c so that a tool such as a hexagon wrench can be inserted.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13 , when the adjusting bolt 545c is tightened, both ends of the elastic member 545b approach each other in a direction opposite to each other, and the middle of the elastic member 545b is lowered to press the shaft 521 . By doing so, it is possible to fix the roller 522 to the shaft 521,

Conversely, as shown in FIG. 12 , when the adjusting bolt 545c is loosened, both ends of the elastic member 545b are moved away from each other in opposite directions facing each other, and the middle of the elastic member 545b is raised to increase the shaft 521 . By releasing the pressure on the , the roller 522 can be easily separated from the shaft 521 .

The roller 522 can be easily mounted or detached from the shaft 521 by using the holding module 545 having the above configuration. In this case, the elastic member is in a state in which the roller 522 is fixed to the shaft 521 In order to prevent the left and right shaking of the roller 522 based on the interruption of (545b),

12 and 13 , in the present invention, a pair of the holding module 545 is provided to be arranged on the left and right sides of the bracket 544 .

At this time, the adjusting bolts 545c of each holding module 545 are integrally connected by a relay rod 545d.

In the holding module 545 located on the right, a non-helical part 545e is formed in the corresponding area of the adjusting bolt 545c disposed at the left end among both ends of the elastic member 545b, and the 'non-helical part' The term means a region in which a spiral is not formed. As a result, the non-helical portion 545e of the adjustment bolt 545c is inserted into the left end of the elastic member 545b and disposed to rotate forward or reverse with respect to the adjustment bolt 545c of the elastic member 545b. It's going to go awry at the left end.

In addition, the elastic member 545b in the spiral portion 545f of the adjustment bolt 525c to limit the left and right movement of the adjustment bolt 545c with respect to the non-helical portion 545e at the left end of the elastic member 545b. Stoppers 545g are provided on both sides of the left end of the .

The stopper 545g may be integrally coupled to the adjustment bolt 545c by welding or the like.

Therefore, during the tightening operation for one adjustment bolt 545c integrally connected by the relay rod 545d, the stop of the elastic member 545b in each holding module 545 is lowered at the same time to press the shaft 521. do.

The fermentation step

It is a step of fermenting the dried mixture through the drying step with the fermentation unit 70 .

The fermentation unit 70 may be composed of an aeration tank of an aeration type that injects compressed air and a mechanical agitation type aeration tank that mixes waste water and makes direct contact with the atmosphere.

In the fermentation unit 70 of the aeration tank, the mixture is fermented and then used as high-quality compost. About 17 tons of livestock manure can be treated by circulating 1,200 tons of low-concentration fermented broth in a day, and the odor is dissolved in this fermented broth and discharged to a level of 17.29mg, far below the legal standard of 120mg per liter.

In the above description of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the "compost manufacturing method using livestock manure" having a specific shape and structure has been mainly described, but the present invention is capable of various modifications and changes by those skilled in the art, and such modifications and changes should be construed as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

10: mixing unit
11: Combination body
111: mixing space part
112: mixing inlet
113: mixing outlet
12: stirring screw
13: screw driving part
20: supply unit
21: supply body
22 : tray
40: sorting unit
41: conveyor
42: selection body
421: selection space unit
43: top selection plate
44: middle selection plate
45: bottom sorting plate
46 : Post
47: vibration generating means
50: dry unit
51: dry body
511: dry space part
512: dry input part
513: dry discharge part
52: dry conveyor
521: shaft
522: roller
523: net
524: sprocket
525 : chain
526: load
53: heating means
54: holding means
541: hollow
542: recess
543: opening
544: bracket
545: holding module
545a: fitting hole
545b: elastic member
545c: adjusting bolt
545d : relay load
545e: non-helical part
545f: spiral
545g: stopper
70: fermentation unit

Claims (3)

Blending livestock flour and wood flour using the blending unit 10;
selecting the compound that has undergone the compounding step by particle size with a sorting unit 40;
heating and drying the mixture selected through the screening step with a dry unit 50; and
fermenting the dried mixture through the drying step with a fermentation unit 70;
made up of
The selection unit 40 is
a conveyor 41 for conveying the compound;
A sorting body 42 having an internal sorting space 421, and
A top sorting plate 43 disposed on the upper side of the sorting space 421 of the sorting body 42, the compound transported by the conveyor 41 is put, and inclined forward;
In the sorting space 421 of the sorting body 42, the middle sorting plate 44 is spaced apart from the lower side of the top sorting plate 43 and inclined forward;
In the sorting space 421 of the sorting body 42, the bottom sorting plate 45 is spaced apart from the lower side of the middle sorting plate 44 and inclined forward;
A plurality of posts (46) installed on the ground and supporting the sorting body (42),
Vibration generating means (47) installed on the lower side of the sorting body (42) to transmit vibration to each of the sorting plates (43, 44, 45)
consists of,
When each sorting plate (43, 44, 45) vibrates up and down by the vibration generating means (47), the compound is formed by the top sorting plate (43), the middle sorting plate (44), and the bottom sorting plate (45). A method for manufacturing compost using livestock meal, characterized in that it is selected by particle size.
The method of claim 1,
A top outlet 422, a middle outlet 423, and a bottom outlet 424 are provided in front of the sorting body 42 for setting the exit directions of each of the sorting plates 43, 44, 45, and each of the outlets (422, 423, 424), when viewed from the top, two or more are displaced from each other,
The sorting body 42 is connected to the bottom side of the sorting space 421 and provided with a final outlet 425 for discharging the compound dropped from the bottom sorting plate 45,
In the sorting body 42, a top guide 425, a middle guide 426, and a bottom guide ( 427) is provided,
Each of the selection plates (43, 44, 45) slidingly inserted into each of the guides (425, 426, 427) is fixed by a bolt (428) fastened to each of the guides (425, 426, 427) A method for manufacturing compost using livestock meal.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2,
The dry unit 50 is
A dry body 51 having an internal dry space 511 and a dry input unit 512 and a dry discharge unit 513 connected thereto;
A plurality of dry conveyors (52) disposed at regular intervals up and down in the dry space (511) of the dry body (51);
Heating means (53) installed on the bottom side of the dry space (511) of the dry body (51)
made up of
Each dry conveyor 52 includes a pair of shafts 521 that are spaced apart from each other before and after, and a plurality of rollers 522 coupled to each shaft 521 at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction thereof, and each Consists of an endless (endless) type net 523 interconnecting the shaft 521,
The two dry conveyors 52 arranged vertically adjacent to each other are arranged so that the compound dropped from the net 523 of the upper dry conveyor 52 can be seated on the net 523 of the lower dry conveyor 52. A method for manufacturing compost using livestock, characterized in that there is.

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