KR100621226B1 - 수송 중합 및 화학기상증착을 위한 신규한 증착 시스템 및 방법 - Google Patents
수송 중합 및 화학기상증착을 위한 신규한 증착 시스템 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004376 petroleum reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006552 photochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004184 polymer manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UMPKMCDVBZFQOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[K+].[Fe+3] UMPKMCDVBZFQOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QUBMWJKTLKIJNN-UHFFFAOYSA-B tin(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Sn+4].[Sn+4].[Sn+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QUBMWJKTLKIJNN-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
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- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02118—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer carbon based polymeric organic or inorganic material, e.g. polyimides, poly cyclobutene or PVC
- H01L21/0212—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer carbon based polymeric organic or inorganic material, e.g. polyimides, poly cyclobutene or PVC the material being fluoro carbon compounds, e.g.(CFx) n, (CHxFy) n or polytetrafluoroethylene
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/401—Oxides containing silicon
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/4412—Details relating to the exhausts, e.g. pumps, filters, scrubbers, particle traps
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
- C23C16/505—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using radio frequency discharges
- C23C16/507—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using radio frequency discharges using external electrodes, e.g. in tunnel type reactors
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02205—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition
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- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
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- H01L21/02263—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
- H01L21/02271—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
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Abstract
Description
Lee 등, Precursors for Making Low Dielectric Constant Materials with Improved Thermal Stability. 2000년 2월 1일 특허된 미국특허 제 6,020,458호.
Lee 등, Precursors for Making Low Dielectric Constant Materials with Improved Thermal Stability. 2001년 7월 10일 특허된 미국특허 제 6,258,407 B1호.
Lee 등, Precursors for Making Low Dielectric Constant Materials with Improved Thermal Stability. 2003년 3월 18일 특허된 미국특허 제 6,534,616 B1호.
Lee 등, Deposition Systems and Processes for Transport Polymerization and Chemical Vapor Deposition. 2000년 7월 11일 특허된 미국특허 제 6,086,679호.
Lee 등, Low Dielectric Constant Materials with Improved Thermal and Mechanical Properties. 2001년 11월 27일 특허된 미국특허 제 6,323,297 B1호.
C&F-원 | Si원 | 산화제 | TP공정 및 CVD 공정 |
C6F5-SiH3 | SiH4 | H2O2, NO2 | 열 |
C6F5-Si(OCH3)3 | - | - | 플라즈마 촉진 |
CF3-C6F4-CF3 | SiH4 | - | 열 |
저유전율 탄화수소 폴리머 제조를 위한 전구체 | ||
C & F-원 | 일차 α- C 원 | TP공정 또는 CVD 공정 |
C6F5-CF3 | CH4 | 고밀도 플라즈마 |
C6F5-CF=CF2 | CH4 | 고밀도 플라즈마 |
HCF2-C6F4-CF2H | 열 또는 광자 보조 | |
CF3-C6F4-CF3 | 광자 보조 |
폴리머 전구체 증착에 이용되는 방법 | |||
열 | 광자 보조 | 플라즈마 촉진 | |
TP | ** | ** | * |
CVD | 불가능 | 가능 | ** |
선택된 결합의 결합 에너지 | |
화학 결합 | 결합 에너지 (eV) |
Φ-CH2Br | 2.52 |
Φ-CH2-OR | 3.52 |
Φ-CH2-CH3 | 3.30 |
Φ-CH2-NH | 3.09 |
Φ-CH2-F | 4.17 |
Φ-CH2-SR | 3.20 |
Φ-CH2-H | 3.83 |
광자-플라즈마 전구체 해리를 위한 공정 조건 | ||
변수 | 범위 | 바람직한 범위 |
온도 | 200℃ - 600℃ | 350℃ - 500℃ |
광자 파장 | 100nm - 400nm | 140nm - 300nm |
광자 에너지 | 2.5eV - 12eV | 4eV - 9eV |
광자 플럭스 | 10milliW/cm2 - 5W/cm2 | 40 - 100milliW/cm2 |
플라즈마 밀도 | 1012-1014 전자/cm3 | 1013 전자/cm3 |
압력 | 0.1milliTorr-10Torr | 1milliTorr - 100milliTorr |
광자-플라즈마 전구체 해리를 위한 공정 조건 | ||
변수 | 범위 | 바람직한 범위 |
온도 | -20℃ - 600℃ | -10℃ |
광자 파장 | 100nm - 400nm | 250nm |
광자 에너지 | 2.5eV - 12eV | 4.5eV |
광자 플럭스 | 10milliW/cm2 - 5W/cm2 | 10 - 100milliW/cm2 |
플라즈마 밀도 | 1012-1014 전자/cm3 | 1013 전자/cm3 |
압력 | 0.1milliTorr-10Torr | 1milliTorr - 100milliTorr |
광자-플라즈마 전구체 화학기상증착을 위한 공정 조건 | ||
변수 | 범위 | 바람직한 범위 |
DC 바이아스 전압 | 100 - 2000V | 500V |
AC 바이아스 전압 | 10 - 200V | 50V |
펄스된 바이아스 전압 | 100 - 4000V | 500V |
펄스 폭 | 10 - 1000msec | 1msec |
펄스 주파수 | 10Hz - 1000Hz | 60Hz |
DC 자기장 강도 | 100 - 2000 Gauss | 700 Gauss |
AC 자기장 강도 | 100 - 1000 Gauss | 500 Gauss |
AC 주파수 | 10Hz - 500Hz | 50Hz - 60Hz |
무성방전 발생기 내의 압력 | 100 Torr - 1500 Torr | 760 Torr |
무성방전 발생기에 대한 AC 전력 | 100W atts - 2000 Watts | 500 Watts |
해리를 위한 전기장 및 자기장 변수의 최적화 | ||
변수 | 범위 | 바람직한 범위 |
사일런트방전발생기의 전압 | 100 Torr - 1500 Torr | 500 Torr |
사일런트방전발생기에 공급되는 AC 전력 | 100 Watts - 2000 Watts | 500 Watts |
AC 자기장 강도 | 100 Gauss - 1000 Gauss | 500 Gauss |
DC 자기장 강도 | 100 Gauss - 2000 Gauss | 700 Gauss |
증착을 위한 전기장 및 자기장의 최적 조건 | ||
변수 | 범위 | 바람직한 범위 |
DC 바이아스 전압 | 100 - 2000V | 500V |
AC 바이아스 전압 | 10 - 200V | 50V |
펄스된 바이아스 전압 | 100 - 4000V | 500V |
펄스 폭 | 10 - 1000msec | 1msec |
펄스 주파수 | 10Hz - 1000Hz | 60Hz |
DC 자기장 강도 | 100 - 2000 Gauss | 700 Gauss |
AC 자기장 강도 | 100 - 1000 Gauss | 500 Gauss |
AC 주파수 | 10Hz - 500Hz | 50Hz - 60Hz |
Claims (76)
- 전구체를 해리시키는 크래커, 증착 챔버, 상기 증착 챔버 중에 위치하여 웨이퍼를 고정시키기 위한 처크(chuck), 및 크래커와 처크 사이에 위치한 움직일 수 있는 유동 패턴 조정기를 포함하는, 박막 제조를 위한 수송 증착 장치(반응기).
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 움직일 수 있는 유동 패턴 조정기는 적어도 3차원 중 1차원 이상으로 움직일 수 있는 것인 수송 증착 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 처크는 웨이퍼 장착 표면을 구비하고, 상기 크래커는 출구 포트를 구비하며, 여기서, 상기 움직일 수 있는 유동 패턴 조정기는 상기 웨이퍼 장착 표면과 상기 크래커 출구 포트 중 적어도 한 방향을 가로지른 방향으로 움직일 수 있는 것인 수송 증착 장치.
- 전구체를 해리시키는 크래커, 증착 챔버, 상기 증착 챔버 중에 위치하여 웨이퍼를 고정시키기 위한 처크 및 상기 크래커와 처크 사이에 위치하는 확산 플레이트를 포함하는 박막 제조용 수송 증착 장치.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 확산 플레이트는 3차원 중 적어도 1차원 이상으로 움직일 수 있는 것인 수송 증착 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 유동 패턴 조정기는 크래커로부터 처크까지의 유동 방향을 따라 움직일 수 있는 것인 수송 증착 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 움직일 수 있는 유동 패턴 조정기는 크래커와 처크 중 적어도 하나를 향해 또는 그로부터 멀어지도록 움직일 수 있는 것인 수송 증착 장치.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 확산 플레이트는 크래커로부터 처크까지의 유동 방향에 대해 수직 방향으로 움직일 수 있는 것인 수송 증착 장치.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 처크는 웨이퍼 장착 표면을 구비하고, 상기 크래커는 출구 포트를 구비하며, 여기서, 상기 확산 플레이트는 상기 웨이퍼 장착 표면과 상기 크래커 출구 포트 중 적어도 한 방향을 가로지른 방향으로 움직일 수 있는 것인 수송 증착 장치.
- 전구체를 해리시키는 크래커, 증착 챔버, 상기 증착 챔버 내에 위치하여 웨이퍼를 고정시키기 위한 처크 및 유동 패턴 조정기와 확산 플레이트를 포함하고, 여기서, 상기 처크, 유동 패턴 조정기 및 확산 플레이트 중 적어도 두 가지는 움직일 수 있는 박막 제조용 수송 증착 장치.
- 크래커를 둘러싼 비금속성의 투명한 외부 쉘, 전구체를 해리시켜 반응성 중간체를 생성시키는 에너지원, 전구체를 상기 크래커 내부로 도입하기 위한 입구 포트, 움직일 수 있는 확산 플레이트 및 생성물을 상기 크래커로부터 제거하기 위한 출구 포트를 포함하는 수송 중합용 반응 챔버.
- 제11항에 있어서, 상기 에너지원은 적외선 조사, 자외선 조사, 진공 자외선 조사, 무선주파수 조사 및 마이크로파 조사 중 적어도 한 가지를 발생시키는 반응 챔버.
- 제11항에 있어서, 상기 크래커는 적어도 부분적으로 크래커를 둘러싸고 있는 수소 멤브레인을 추가로 포함하는 것이 특징인 반응 챔버.
- 플루오르화된 폴리머 박막 제조용 반응기로서,전구체원;전구체를 가공하기 위한 크래커;전구체를 해리시키기 위한 에너지원; 여기서, 상기 에너지원은 적외선 조사, 자외선 조사, 진공 자외선 조사, 무선주파수 조사, 및 마이크로파 조사 중 하나를 포함하며,웨이퍼를 지지하기 위한 처크; 및움직일 수 있는 유동 패턴 조정기를 포함하는 플루오르화된 폴리머 박막 제조용 반응기.
- 제14항에 있어서, 웨이퍼 상으로의 해리된 전구체의 분포를 제어하는 확산 플레이트를 추가로 포함하는 반응기.
- 제14항에 있어서, 상기 조사 에너지원은 비간섭성 엑시머 조사에 의해 제공되는 반응기.
- 제14항에 있어서, 상기 크래커는 용융결정 석영 또는 단결정 석영 용기 내에 담겨져 있고, 에너지원은 IR 및 UV 중 어느 하나인 반응기.
- 제14항에 있어서, 상기 크래커는 크래커 벽 및 벽 외부에 위치한 열 차단기를 구비하고, 상기 반응기는 열 차단기를 둘러싼 챔버 벽을 포함하며, 여기서, 상기 크래커 벽은 석영으로 제조되고, 상기 에너지원은 IR과 UV 중 어느 하나인 반응기.
- 제1항 또는 제14항에 있어서, 상기 크래커는 불소 함유 래디칼의 발생원인 전구체를 포함하는 것인 반응기.
- 제1항 또는 제14항에 있어서, 처크 냉각수단을 추가로 포함하는 반응기.
- 제1항 또는 제14항에 있어서, 진공 펌프로 이어지는 배출 포트 (exhaust port)를 추가로 포함하는 반응기.
- 제1항 또는 제14항에 있어서, 상기 크래커는 적외선 조사원, 자외선 조사원 및 진공 자외선 조사원으로부터 선택된 조사원을 사용하며, 전구체의 유동 흐름 내부에 위치한 투명한 튜브를 포함하고, 여기서, 상기 조사원을 상기 투명한 튜브 내에 봉입하는 것을 특징으로 하는 반응기.
- 제1항 또는 제14항에 있어서, 상기 크래커와 처크 사이에 위치한 다이머 필터를 추가로 포함하는 반응기.
- 제1항 또는 제14항에 있어서, 상기 크래커와 처크 사이에 위치한 분말 필터를 추가로 포함하는 반응기.
- 제1항 또는 제14항에 있어서, 크래커로부터 처크를 향해 뻗어있는 원추형 가이드를 추가로 포함하는 반응기.
- 제25항에 있어서, 상기 원추형 가이드는 상기 크래커의 말단으로부터 상기 처크의 말단까지 뻗어있는 반응기.
- 제1항 또는 제14항에 있어서, 웨이퍼 예비-클리너를 추가로 포함하는 반응기.
- 제27항에 있어서, 상기 웨이퍼 예비-클리너가 자외선 에너지원 또는 진공 자외선 에너지원 중 어느 하나를 포함하는 반응기.
- 제1항 또는 제14항에 있어서, 상기 크래커가 촉매를 포함하는 반응기.
- 제29항에 있어서, 상기 촉매는 탈수소화 촉매, 개질 촉매 및 산화적 탈수 촉매, 전이금속 산화물, 산 지지체 상의 귀금속, 활성탄 상의 귀금속 또는 금속 설파이드, PILCs 상의 Ga13, Cr12, GaAl12, 및 Al13, M-Al2O3 (여기서 M은 란탄 화합물), 주기율표의 VIB & VIIB 금속 중에서 선택된 금속과 컴파운드된 Bi 및 Sb와 함께 반죽된 Al2O3a, M-변형된 H-ZSM-5 및 H-ZSM-11 (여기서 M은 Zn, Ga, Pt-Ga, Pt-Na, Mo, Cr, K, Ca, Mg, Al 및 주기율표의 VIII 금속 중에서 선택된 금속들 중에서 선택됨), M-변형된 MFI (H-갈로실리케이트) (여기서 M은 Si/Ga, Na/Ga 및 Al 중에서 선택됨), 희토류 금속 치환된 Y-제올라이트, 희토류 금속 치환된 초안정 Y-제올라이트, Zr 옥사이드와 쌍을 이룬 Ti 옥사이드, 또는 알루미늄 상에 도금된 M (여기서 M은 Ni, Cr, Ni/Cr 및 Ni/Cr/Al 합금 중에서 선택됨) 중 어느 하나인 반응기.
- 제1항 또는 제14항에 있어서, 부산물은 통과시킬 수 있으나, 가공된 전구체 분자는 통과시키지 못하는 충분히 작은 구멍들(holes)을 구비하는 수소 멤브레인을 추가로 포함하는 반응기.
- 제1항 또는 제14항에 있어서, 상기 크래커는 자유-래디칼 개시제를 포함하는 반응기.
- 수송 중합 또는 화학 기상 증착용 반응기로서,챔버,가스 주입기,가스 주입기로부터 이격되어 챔버 내에 위치한 처크,가스 주입기에 인접하여 위치하는 에너지원,배기 가스를 분해시키기 위한 챔버 벽 내의 조사원, 및움직일 수 있는 유동 패턴 조정기 또는 확산 플레이트를 포함하는 수송 중합 또는 화학 기상 증착용 반응기.
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WO1999022043A1 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
AU1188899A (en) | 1999-05-17 |
JP2001521293A (ja) | 2001-11-06 |
KR20010031400A (ko) | 2001-04-16 |
US6086679A (en) | 2000-07-11 |
JP4425461B2 (ja) | 2010-03-03 |
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