JPWO2020230600A1 - 薬剤用添加剤 - Google Patents
薬剤用添加剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2020230600A1 JPWO2020230600A1 JP2021519352A JP2021519352A JPWO2020230600A1 JP WO2020230600 A1 JPWO2020230600 A1 JP WO2020230600A1 JP 2021519352 A JP2021519352 A JP 2021519352A JP 2021519352 A JP2021519352 A JP 2021519352A JP WO2020230600 A1 JPWO2020230600 A1 JP WO2020230600A1
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- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SHWIJIJNPFXOFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiotaurine Chemical compound NCCS(O)(=O)=S SHWIJIJNPFXOFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRDAMVZIKSXKFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-Farnesol Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCO CRDAMVZIKSXKFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=CC(O)=O)C=C1O QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003500 triclosan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004684 trihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960000834 vinyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002446 δ-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/817—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions or derivatives of such polymers, e.g. vinylimidazol, vinylcaprolactame, allylamines (Polyquaternium 6)
- A61K8/8182—Copolymers of vinyl-pyrrolidones. Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/817—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions or derivatives of such polymers, e.g. vinylimidazol, vinylcaprolactame, allylamines (Polyquaternium 6)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F26/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen
- C08F26/06—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/10—General cosmetic use
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/41—Particular ingredients further characterized by their size
- A61K2800/412—Microsized, i.e. having sizes between 0.1 and 100 microns
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/48—Thickener, Thickening system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/52—Stabilizers
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
N−ビニルラクタム系単量体由来の構造単位を全単量体由来の構造単位100モル%に対して50モル%〜100モル%含む重合体(I)を含み、
0.02MPa以下の減圧下において100℃で1時間乾燥したときの平均粒子径が100μm以下である。
本発明の実施形態による薬剤用添加剤は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、任意の適切な薬剤に用い得る。このような薬剤としては、例えば、化粧品、香料、芳香剤、消臭剤、医薬品、防虫剤、殺虫剤、農薬などが挙げられ、代表的には、化粧品が挙げられる。すなわち、本発明の実施形態による薬剤用添加剤は、代表的には、化粧品用添加剤である。
1)(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸シクロヘキシル等の(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類;
2)ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、3−(メタ)アリルオキシ−1,2−ジヒドロキシプロパン、(メタ)アリルアルコ−ル、イソプレノ−ル、およびこれらの水酸基にアルキレンオキシドを付加した不飽和アルコ−ル;
3)(メタ)アクリルアミド、N−モノメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N−モノエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N−ジメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド等の(メタ)アクリルアミド誘導体類;
4)(メタ)アクリル酸ジメチルアミノエチル、ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、ビニルピリジン、ビニルイミダゾ−ル等の塩基性不飽和単量体、およびその塩または第4級化物;
5)ビニルホルムアミド、ビニルアセトアミド、ビニルオキサゾリドン等のビニルアミド類;
6)(メタ)アクリル酸、イタコン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸等のカルボキシル基含有不飽和単量体、およびその塩;
7)無水マレイン酸、無水イタコン酸等の不飽和無水物類;
8)酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル等のビニルエステル類;
9)ビニルエチレンカ−ボネ−ト、およびその誘導体;
10)スチレン、およびその誘導体;
11)(メタ)アクリル酸−2−スルホン酸エチル、およびその誘導体;
12)3−アリルオキシ−2−ヒドロキシプロパンスルホン酸、(メタ)アリルスルホン酸、イソプレンスルホン酸、およびこれらの塩等のビニルスルホン酸及びその誘導体;
13)メチルビニルエ−テル、エチルビニルエ−テル、ブチルビニルエ−テル等のビニルエ−テル類;
14)エチレン、プロピレン、オクテン、ブタジエン等のオレフィン類;
等などが挙げられる。
本発明の実施形態による薬剤用添加剤は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、任意の適切な方法によって製造し得る。このような製造方法は、好ましくは、重合体(I)を構成するための原料の少なくとも1種として単量体成分を重合反応させる工程を含む。
沈殿重合法においては、代表的には、N−ビニルラクタム系単量体を含む単量体成分と、重合開始剤と、を別個に反応媒体中に滴下する滴下工程を含む。
溶液重合法においては、好ましくは、溶媒を使用する。溶媒としては、例えば、水およびアルコ−ルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種が挙げられる。アルコ−ルとしては、例えば、メチルアルコ−ル、エチルアルコ−ル、イソプロピルアルコ−ル、n−ブチルアルコ−ル、ジエチレングリコ−ルなどが挙げられる。溶媒を使用する場合、溶液中の単量体成分の濃度は、好ましくは20質量%以上80質量%以下である。溶液中の単量体成分の濃度が20質量%未満では、重合体が得られにくかったり、得られた場合であっても重合後に解砕することが困難となったりするおそれがある。また、重合反応後の乾燥に長い時間を必要とし、乾燥中に重合体が劣化してしまうおそれがある。他方、溶液中の単量体成分の濃度が80質量%を超えると、重合の制御が困難となり、残存単量体が増加するおそれがある。
本発明の実施形態による薬剤用添加剤は、薬剤と組み合わせて、薬剤用添加剤含有組成物となり得る。すなわち、薬剤用添加剤含有組成物は、薬剤と薬剤用添加剤を含む。
乾式の粒子径分布測定装置(スペクトリス株式会社マルバーン事業部製、型式:マスターサイザー3000、乾式)により測定した体積分布の累積50%値を、0.02MPa以下の減圧下において100℃で1時間乾燥したときの平均粒子径とした。測定条件を以下に示す。
(測定条件)
乾式レーザー回折散乱法
分散圧力:2.0bar
ベンチュリ:HEベンチュリ
粒子屈折率:1.52
粒子吸収率:0.01
粒子密度:1.05g/cm3
粒子形状:非球形
溶媒名:空気(AIR)
測定範囲:0.1μm〜3500μm
湿式の粒子径分布測定装置(株式会社堀場製作所製、型式:Partica LA−950V2、湿式)により測定した体積分布の累積50%値を、膨潤体の平均粒子径とした。測定条件を以下に示す。
(測定条件)
膨潤体屈折率:1.5
分散媒:脱イオン水
測定範囲:0.01μm〜3000μm
底面の直径が約5cmの秤量缶(質量W1g)に約1gの重合体をはかりとり(質量W2g)、150℃の定温乾燥機中において、1時間静置し、乾燥させた。乾燥後の秤量缶と重合体の合計(質量W3g)を測定し、下記式より固形分を求めた。
固形分(質量%)=[(W3−W1)/W2]×100
攪拌装置(パドル翼タイプ)、温度計、還流冷却器、窒素導入管を備えた容量300mlのフラスコに、シクロヘキサン:100gを初期仕込みし、窒素雰囲気下で85℃のオイルバスで加熱した。フラスコ内の温度が一定になった後、滴下成分1(N−ビニルピロリドン:25g、アクリル酸:0.025g、ペンタエリスリトールトリアリルエーテル:0.05g)および滴下成分2(油溶性アゾ重合開始剤V−65(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製):0.075g、ヘプタン:40g)の投入を開始した。滴下成分1は3時間、滴下成分2は4.5時間かけて一定速度で計量投入した。滴下開始から10分程度で、重合体の析出が始まり次第に析出量が増えていった。滴下成分2の投入終了後、さらに0.5時間加熱を継続した後、フラスコを冷却し反応を終了した。フラスコ内の温度は、79℃から81℃の間であり、概ね時間の経過と共に上昇する傾向であった(中間値は80℃)。
続いて、反応液をろ過して重合体である沈殿物を回収し、125℃で1時間減圧乾燥を行い、架橋体を得た。架橋体は、適度な大きさの球形物として得られたため、短時間でデカンテーションとろ過が終了し、粉体を取り扱う際に気流や静電気の影響が小さく、取り扱いが容易であった。マイクロスコープで観察すると、大部分が直径約200〜600μmの球形であり、球形物の平均粒子径は460μmであった。
得られた球形物の全量を、大阪ケミカル株式会社製のラボ用粉砕機OML−1によって粉砕すると、20秒程度で容易に粉砕され、きめの細かい均一な粉体としての架橋体(1)の粉体が得られた。得られた架橋体(1)の固形分は99%であった。
得られた架橋体(1)の、0.01MPaの減圧下において100℃で1時間乾燥したときの平均粒子径は20μmであり、脱イオン水を用いて膨潤させたときの膨潤体の平均粒子径は2μmであった。なお、膨潤体の平均粒子径が粉体の平均粒子径より小さい理由は、粉体が水を吸収して膨潤すると同時に、凝集がほぐれて1次粒子に近付いたためと考えられる。
後述する比較例1で得られた粒子状の架橋体(C1)に対して、ターゲット式ジェットミルによってさらに細かく粉砕を行うことによって、きめの細かい均一な粉体としての架橋体(2)の粉体が得られた。得られた架橋体(2)の固形分は97%であった。
得られた架橋体(2)の、0.01MPaの減圧下において100℃で1時間乾燥したときの平均粒子径は4μmであり、脱イオン水を用いて膨潤させたときの膨潤体の平均粒子径は6μmであった。
N−ビニルピロリドン:130.0部、架橋剤としてシアヌル酸トリアリル:0.52部、脱イオン水:304.6部を卓上型ニ−ダ−(株式会社中央理化製、PNV−1H型)に仕込んだ。次いで、100ml/分で30分間窒素置換を行った。次いで、窒素導入を30ml/分にし、56℃まで昇温した。液温を56℃に安定させた後、重合開始剤として2、2’−アゾビス[2−(2−イミダゾリン−2−イル)プロパン]ジヒドロクロライドの15質量%水溶液を1.96部添加し、重合を開始した。重合反応が進み、ゲルが生成した後、ニ−ダ−のブレ−ドを回転させてゲルを解砕しながら、90℃で60分間熟成を行い、重合を終了した。次いで、マロン酸の1質量%水溶液を65.0部、3分かけて添加し、90℃で60分間撹拌した。さらに、ジエタノ−ルアミンの2質量%水溶液を32.5部、3分かけて添加し、30分間撹拌した。次いで、得られたゲルを120℃で2時間乾燥を行うことにより、架橋体を得た。次いで、得られた架橋体を粉砕機で、目開き500μmのJIS標準篩を通過するまで粉砕して、粒子状の架橋体(C1)を得た。得られた架橋体(C1)の固形分は97%であった。
得られた架橋体(C1)の、0.01MPaの減圧下において100℃で1時間乾燥したときの平均粒子径は320μmであり、脱イオン水を用いて膨潤させたときの膨潤体の平均粒子径は195μmであった。
表1に示す配合で、無水エタノールに所定量のl−メントールを添加して溶解した。そこに、表1に示す配合で、架橋体(1)、架橋体(2)、架橋体(C1)のいずれかを添加して、または、いずれも添加しないで、ディスパーを用いて攪拌し均一化した。さらに、表1に示す配合で、無水エタノールおよび精製水を添加し、ディスパーを用いて攪拌し均一化し、評価液A〜Dを調製した。
表2より、架橋体(1)、架橋体(2)、架橋体(C1)のいずれも涼感の持続性が高い効果を有し、中でも、架橋体(1)が特に効果が高いことが判った。
表3より、架橋体(1)が最も塗布感触の評価が高く、次いで、架橋体(2)、架橋体(C1)の順に塗布感触の評価が高いことが判った。
試験管内での殺菌試験を以下のように実施した。まず、架橋体(1)、架橋体(C1)、フェノキシエタノール(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)を用いて、表4に示すような組成物を各10mlずつ調製した。なお、表4中、PVPはポリビニルピロリドンを意味し、PEはフェノキシエタノールを意味する。次に、大腸菌を、ミューラーヒントン寒天培地(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)を用いて35℃で18時間培養し、出現したコロニーをかきとり、バターフィールド緩衝液(0.0425g/Lリン酸二水素カリウム緩衝液、pH7.2調整)に懸濁して、10×108CFU/L程度となるよう調整した。この菌液を、表4の組成物に0.5mlずつ添加し、10秒程度転倒混和させたのち、25℃でインキュベートした。1時間後、24時間後、1週間後にそれぞれの組成物からサンプリングを行い、バターフィールド緩衝液を用いて希釈系列を調製し、ミューラーヒントン寒天培地に塗布して培養した。出現したコロニー数から生存菌数のカウントを行った。用いた菌株は、大腸菌;Escherichia coli、NBRC−3972であった。
試験の結果、表4に示すように、架橋体(1)単体や架橋体(2)単体やフェノキシエタノール単体では低い殺菌性しか示さないが、架橋体(1)とフェノキシエタノールを併用したもの、および、架橋体(2)とフェノキシエタノールを併用したものについては、菌数の減少が加速され、相乗効果を示すことが判明した。
なお、表4においての判定は、1週間に4ケタ以上菌数が減少したサンプルを◎、3ケタ〜2ケタ菌数が減少したサンプルを○、1ケタ菌数が減少したサンプルを△、菌数の減少がみられなかったものを×とした。
表5に示す配合量で、(1)〜(5)を配合し、60℃で均一に溶解した。そこに、表5に示す配合量で、60℃に加温した(6)を徐々に添加し、ホモジナイザーを用いて乳化し、40℃まで冷却して乳化液を得た。さらに、表5に示す配合量で、均一化した(7)〜(10)の混合液に上記乳化液を添加し、均一に混合した。その結果、配合性は良好であった。
表6に示す配合量で、(1)に(2)を溶解した後、(3)〜(5)のいずれかを徐々に添加し、ホモジナイザーを用いて均一に混合した。さらに、別途、表6に示す配合量で、(6)と(7)と(8)を均一に混合したものを加え、ホモジナイザーで均一に混合し、配合物(1)、(2)、(C1)を調製した。また、表6に示す配合量で、(1)に(2)を溶解した後、(3)〜(5)のいずれも添加せず、別途、表6に示す配合量で、(6)と(7)と(8)を均一に混合したものを加え、ホモジナイザーで均一に混合し、配合物(C2)を調製した。表6に示すように、架橋体(1)、(2)を用いた配合物(1)、(2)では、架橋体(C1)を用いた配合物(C1)や架橋体(1)も(2)も(C1)も用いない配合物(C2)に比べて、適度な粘度を有する均一な薬剤が得られた。さらに、塗布感触を確認したところ、架橋剤(1)(2)を用いた配合物(1)、(2)では滑らかであったが、架橋剤(C1)を用いた配合物(C1)では粒がある感じがあり滑らかではなかった。なお、粘度の測定は、東機産業製のB形粘度計(BM−2型、ローターナンバー3、回転数60RPM、測定時間60秒、測定温度25℃)を用いた。
Claims (4)
- N−ビニルラクタム系単量体由来の構造単位を全単量体由来の構造単位100モル%に対して50モル%〜100モル%含む重合体(I)を含み、
0.02MPa以下の減圧下において100℃で1時間乾燥したときの平均粒子径が100μm以下である、
薬剤用添加剤。 - 脱イオン水を用いて膨潤させたときの膨潤体の平均粒子径が180μm以下である、請求項1に記載の薬剤用添加剤。
- 前記重合体(I)が、沈殿重合によって得られる重合体である、請求項1または2に記載の薬剤用添加剤。
- 化粧品用添加剤である、請求項1から3までのいずれかに記載の薬剤用添加剤。
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