JPWO2020027039A1 - 複合材料 - Google Patents
複合材料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JPWO2020027039A1 JPWO2020027039A1 JP2020533529A JP2020533529A JPWO2020027039A1 JP WO2020027039 A1 JPWO2020027039 A1 JP WO2020027039A1 JP 2020533529 A JP2020533529 A JP 2020533529A JP 2020533529 A JP2020533529 A JP 2020533529A JP WO2020027039 A1 JPWO2020027039 A1 JP WO2020027039A1
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- Prior art keywords
- composite material
- material according
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- group
- layered
- Prior art date
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- -1 polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010734 process oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 49
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
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- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000003262 carboxylic acid ester group Chemical class [H]C([H])([*:2])OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
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- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
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- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 4
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012321 sodium triacetoxyborohydride Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
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- QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octabenzone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JQCXWCOOWVGKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N diheptyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCC JQCXWCOOWVGKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/20—Graphite
- C01B32/21—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/064—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/064—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with boron
- C01B21/0648—After-treatment, e.g. grinding, purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/20—Graphite
- C01B32/21—After-treatment
- C01B32/22—Intercalation
- C01B32/225—Expansion; Exfoliation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
- C08K3/042—Graphene or derivatives, e.g. graphene oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
Description
層状物質は、共有結合やイオン結合のような強い結合により形成されている単位層が、主に弱いファンデルワールス力を介して積層した層状構造を持つ。層状物質としては、黒鉛類、窒化ホウ素類、遷移金属ジカルコゲナイド、13族カルコゲナイド、14族カルコゲナイド、ビスマスカルコゲナイド、層状ハロゲン化金属、層状遷移金属酸化物、層状ペロブスカイト酸化物、粘土鉱物又は層状ケイ酸塩等が挙げられる。本発明においては、複合材料の分散性が一層良好となることから、層状物質として黒鉛類又は窒化ホウ素類を用いることが好ましい。
CdCl2、CdI2、AgF2、AsI3、AlCl3等が挙げられる。
本発明の複合材料は、剥片化層状物質の表面が被覆物質により被覆された複合材料であり、被覆物質は、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、ヒンダードアミン系光安定剤、難燃剤、可塑剤、滑剤、界面活性剤、ポリオキシプロピレン化合物、親水性ユニットと疎水性ユニットを有するラジカル重合系ポリマー、プロセスオイル及び第4級アンモニウム塩化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの物質である。
酸化防止剤としては、オクタデシル3−(3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート、及びステアリル(3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート等のヒドロキシフェニルカルボン酸エステル、チオビス(3−(3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオニルオキシ)エチル、トリエチレングリコールビス〔(3−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシ−5−メチルフェニル)プロピオネート〕、2−メチル−4,6−ビス(オクチルチオメチル)フェノール、2,4−ジメチル−6−(1−メチルペンタデシル)フェノール、分岐を有するC7−9混合アルコールと(3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオン酸のエステル等のフェノール系酸化防止剤;
トリスノニルフェニルホスファイト、トリデシルホスファイト、オクチルジフェニルホスファイト、ジ(デシル)モノフェニルホスファイト、ジ(トリデシル)ペンタエリスリトールジホスファイト、ジ(ノニルフェニル)ペンタエリスリトールジホスファイト、テトラ(トリデシル)イソプロピリデンジフェノールジホスファイト、テトラ(トリデシル)−4,4’−n−ブチリデンビス(2−t−ブチル−5−メチルフェノール)ジホスファイト、ヘキサ(トリデシル)−1,1,3−トリス(2−メチル−4−ヒドロキシ−5−t−ブチルフェニル)ブタントリホスファイト、テトラキス(2,4−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ビフェニレンジホスホナイト、2,2’−メチレンビス(4,6−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)−オクタデシルホスファイト等のリン系酸化防止剤;
ジラウリルチオジプロピオネート、ジトリデシルチオジプロピオネート、ジステアリルチオジプロピオネート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラキス(3−ドデシルチオプロピオネート)、4,4−チオビス(2−t−ブチル−5−メチルフェノール)ビス−3−(ドデシルチオ)プロピオネート等のチオエーテル系酸化防止剤;フェニルナフチルアミン、4,4’−ビス(ジアルキル)ジフェニルアミン、4,4’−ジメトキシジフェニルアミン、4,4’−ビス(α,α−ジメチルベンジル)ジフェニルアミン、4−イソプロポキシジフェニルアミン等の芳香族アミン系酸化防止剤等が挙げられる。
本発明においては、酸化防止剤として、フェノール系酸化防止剤を用いることが好ましい。
紫外線吸収剤としては、2−(2−ヒドロキシ−5−t−オクチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2−ヒドロキシ−3,5−ジt−ブチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−t−ブチル−5’−メチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2−ヒドロキシ−3−ドデシル−5−メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2−ヒドロキシ−3−ジt−ブチル−C7〜9混合アルコキシカルボニルエチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’,5’−ジクミルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2,2’−メチレンビス(6−(2H−ベンゾトリアゾール−2−イル)−4−(1,1,3,3−テトラメチルブチル)フェノール)、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−t−ブチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’,5’−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2−ヒドロキシ−3−第二ブチル−5−t−ブチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’,5’−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、3−(2H−ベンゾトリアゾイル)−5−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシ−ベンゼンプロパン酸オクチルエステル、2−[2−ヒドロキシ−3−(3,4,5,6−テトラヒドロフタルイミド−メチル)−5−メチルフェニル]ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2−ヒドロキシ−3−t−ブチル−5−カルボキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾールのポリエチレングリコールエステル等のベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤;
2−[4,6−ビス(2,4−ジメチルフェニル)−1,3,5−トリアジン−2−イル]−5−(オクチルオキシ)−フェノール、2,4−ビス(2,4−ジメチルフェニル)−6−(2−ヒドロキシ−4−イソオクチルフェニル)−1,3,5−トリアジン、2−(4,6−ジフェニル−1,3,5−トリアジン−2−イル)−5−[2−(2−エチルヘキサノイルオキシ)エトキシ]フェノール、1,6−ヘキサジアミンとN,N’−ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジニル)と2,4−ジクロロ−6−(4−モルホリニル)−1,3,5−トリアジンの重合物、2−(4,6−ビス−(2,4−ジメチルフェニル)−1,3,5−トリアジン−2−イル)−5−オクチルオキシ)−フェノール、2−(4,6−ジフェニル−1,3,5−トリアジン−2−イル)−5−[(ヘキシル)オキシ]−フェノール、2−[4−[(2−ヒドロキシ−3−(2’−エチル)ヘキシル)オキシ]−2−ヒドロキシフェニル]−4,6−ビス(2,4−ジメチルフェニル)−1,3,5−トリアジン、2−[4−[2−ヒドロキシ−3−ドデシルオキシプロピル]オキシ]−2−ヒドロキシフェニル]−4,6−ビス(2,4−ジメチルフェニル)−1,3,5−トリアジン、トリス(2−ヒドロキシ−3−メチル−4−ヘキシルオキシルフェニル)−1,3,5−トリアジン及び2−[4−[(2−ヒドロキシ−3−トリデシルオキシプロピル)オキシ]−2−ヒドロキシフェニル]−4,6−ビス(2,4−ジメチルフェニル)−1,3,5−トリアジンの重縮合物等のトリアジン系紫外線吸収剤;
2,4−ジヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、[2−ヒドロキシ−4−(オクチルオキシ)フェニル](フェニル)メタノン、2−ヒドロキシ−4−メトキシベンゾフェノン、2−ヒドロキシ−4−オクトキシベンゾフェノン、2−ヒドロキシ−4−ドデシルオキシベンゾフェノン、2,2’−ジヒドロキシ−4−ジメトキシベンゾフェノン、2,2’−ジヒドロキシ−4,4’−ジメトキシベンゾフェノン、2−ヒドロキシ−4−メトキシ−5−スルホベンゾフェノン及びビス(2−メトキシ−4−ヒドロキシ−5−ベンゾイルフェニル)メタン等のヒドロキシ基とアルコキシ基とを有するベンゼン環を含むベンゾフェノン化合物等のベンゾフェノン系紫外線吸収剤;
フェニルサリシレート、p−t−ブチルフェニルサリシレート、p−オクチルフェニルサリシレート等のサリチル酸系紫外線吸収剤;
2−エチルヘキシル−2−シアノ−3,3’−ジフェニルアクリレート、エチル−2−シアノ−3,3’−ジフェニルアクリレート等のシアノアクリレート系紫外線吸収剤等が挙げられる。
本発明においては、紫外線吸収剤として、ベンゾフェノン系紫外線吸収剤を用いることが好ましい。
ヒンダードアミン系光安定剤としては、テトラキス(1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチル−4−ピペリジル)ブタン−1,2,3,4−テトラカルボキシレート、2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジノール脂肪酸エステル、ビス(1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチル−4−ピペリジル)セバケートとメチル−1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチル−4−ピペリジルセバケートの混合物、1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチルピペリジノールとトリデシルアルコールの混合アルコールとブタンテトラカルボン酸のテトラエステル、2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジノールとトリデシルアルコールの混合アルコールとブタンテトラカルボン酸のテトラエステル、ビス(1−オクチルオキシ−2,2,6,6−ペンタメチル−4−ピペリジル)セバケート、1−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)−2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジノールとブタンジオイックアシッドのポリエステル、2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−(2−プロペニルオキシ)ピペリジンとメチルハイドロジェンシロキサンの反応物、ドデシル−3−(2,2,4,4−テトラメチル−21−オキソ−7−オキサ−3,20−ジアゾジスピロ(5.1.11.2)ヘンイコサン−20−イル)プロピオネートとテトラデシル−3−(2,2,4,4−テトラメチル−21−オキソ−7−オキサ−3,20−ジアゾジスピロ(5.1.11.2)ヘンイコサン−20−イル)プロピオネートの混合物、ドデシル−N−(2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−4−イル)−b−アラニネートとテトラデシル−N−(2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−4−イル)−b−アラニネートの混合物、3−ドデシル−N−(2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−4−イル)スクシンイミド、2−ドデシル−N−(1−アセチル−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−4−イル)等が挙げられる。
難燃剤としては、テトラブロモビスフェノールA、ヘキサブロモベンゼン、トリス(2,3−ジブロモプロピル)イソシアヌレート、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシエトキシ−3,5−ジブロモフェニル)プロパン、デカブロモジフェニルオキサイド、ヘキサブロモシクロデカン、テトラブロモ無水フタル酸、塩素化ポリエチレン、塩素化パラフィン、パークロロシクロペンタデカン、クロレンド酸、テトラクロロ無水フタル酸等のハロゲン系難燃剤;
リン酸アンモニウム、トリクレジルフォスフェート、トリエチルフォスフェート、トリス(β−クロロエチル)フォスフェート、トリスクロロエチルフォスフェート、トリスジクロロプロピルフォスフェート、クレジルジフェニルフォスフェート、キシレニルジフェニルフォスフェート、フェニレンビス(ジフェニルフォスフェート)、フェニレンビス(フェニルクレジルフォスフェート)、フェニレンビス(ジクレジルフォスフェート)、フェニレンビス(ジキシレニルフォスフェート)、ビスフェノールAビス(ジフェニルフォスフェート)、ビスフェノールAビス(ジクレジルフォスフェート)等のホスフェート系難燃剤等が挙げられる。
本発明においては、難燃剤として、ホスフェート系難燃剤を用いることが好ましい。
可塑剤としては、オクチルベンゾエート、イソノニルベンゾエート、イソデシルベンゾエート及びイソトリデシルベンゾエート等の1つのカルボン酸エステルを有するベンゼン環を含む化合物、ジブチルフタレート、ジヘプチルフタレート、ジオクチルフタレート、ジイソノニルフタレート、ジイソデシルフタレート、ジラウリルフタレート、ジシクロヘキシルフタレート、ジオクチルイソフタレート及びジオクチルテレフタレート等の2つのカルボン酸エステルを有するベンゼン環を含む化合物、トリス(2−エチルヘキシル)トリメリテート等の3つのカルボン酸エステルを有するベンゼン環を含む化合物、テトラキス(2−エチルヘキシル)ピロメリテート等の4つのカルボン酸エステルを有するベンゼン環を含む化合物等の芳香族カルボン酸エステル系可塑剤;
ジオクチルアジペート、ジイソノニルアジペート、ジイソデシルアジペート、ジ(ブチルジグリコール)アジペート、ジブチルフマレート、ジオクチルセバケート等の脂肪族二塩基酸エステル系可塑剤;
トリフェニルホスフェート、トリクレジルホスフェート、トリキシレニルホスフェート、トリ(イソプロピルフェニル)ホスフェート、トリエチルホスフェート、トリブチルホスフェート、トリオクチルホスフェート、トリ(ブトキシエチル)ホスフェート、オクチルジフェニルホスフェートなどのホスフェート系可塑剤;
多価アルコールとして、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、1,2−プロピレングリコール、1,3−プロピレングリコール、1,3−ブタンジオール、1,4−ブタンジオール、1,5−ヘキサンジオール、1,6−ヘキサンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコールなどと二塩基酸としてシュウ酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、ピメリン酸、スベリン酸、アゼライン酸、セバチン酸、フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸などを用い、必要により一価アルコール、モノカルボン酸をストッパーに使用したポリエステル系可塑剤等が挙げられる。なお、ホスフェート系可塑剤は、難燃剤としても機能する。
本発明においては、可塑剤として、芳香族カルボン酸エステル系可塑剤を用いることが好ましい。
滑剤としては、ラウリルアミド、ミリスチルアミド、ステアリルアミド及びベヘニルアミド等の脂肪酸モノアミド、エチレンビスステアリルアミド等の脂肪酸ジアミド等の脂肪酸アミド系滑剤;グリセリンモノステアレート、ステアリルアルコール等のアルコール系滑剤;カルシウムステアレート、マグネシウムステアレート、リチウムステアレート、リチウムヒドロキシステアレート等の金属石鹸;ジステアリルリン酸エステルマグネシウム、ステアリルリン酸エステルマグネシウム等のリン酸エステル金属塩;ポリエチレンワックス、モンタンワックス、硬化ひまし油等のワックス系滑剤等が挙げられる。本発明においては、滑剤として、脂肪酸アミド系滑剤を用いることが好ましい。
界面活性剤としては、アニオン性界面活性剤、ノニオン性界面活性剤、カチオン性界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤が挙げられる。本発明においては、界面活性剤として、ノニオン性界面活性剤を用いることが好ましい。
アニオン性界面活性剤としては、脂肪酸石鹸、高級アルコール硫酸エステル塩、硫化オレフィン塩、高級アルキルスルホン酸塩、α−オレフィンスルホン酸塩、硫酸化脂肪酸塩、スルホン化脂肪酸塩、リン酸エステル塩、脂肪酸エステルの硫酸エステル塩、グリセライド硫酸エステル塩、脂肪酸エステルのスルホン酸塩、α−スルホ脂肪酸メチルエステル塩、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル硫酸エステル塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル硫酸エステル塩、脂肪酸アルカノールアミド又はそのアルキレンオキサイド付加物の硫酸エステル塩、スルホコハク酸エステル、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、アルキルナフタレンスルホン酸塩、アルキルベンゾイミダゾールスルホン酸塩、N−アシル−N−メチルタウリンの塩、アシルオキシエタンスルホン酸塩、アルコキシエタンスルホン酸、N−アシル−N−カルボキシエチルタウリン又はその塩、及びアルキル又はアルケニルアミノカルボキシメチル硫酸塩等が挙げられる。なお、アニオン性界面活性剤の疎水性部分の炭素数は8〜22程度である。
親水性ユニットと疎水性ユニットを有するラジカル重合系ポリマーは、親水性モノマーと疎水性モノマーとをラジカル重合させて得られるポリマーであり、親水性モノマーとはそのホモポリマーが水溶性又は水分散性を有するポリマーとなりうるモノマーをいい、疎水性モノマーとはそのホモポリマーが水分離性を有するポリマーとなりうるモノマーをいう。
ポリオキシプロピレン化合物は、アルコール、フェノール、アミン、カルボン酸等に、プロピレンオキシドを付加して得られる化合物である。ポリオキシプロピレン化合物としては、ポリオキシプロピレングリコール、ポリオキシプロピレンメチルエーテル、ポリオキシプロピレンブチルエーテル、ポリオキシプロピレンフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシプロピレンノニルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシプロピル化グリセリン、ポリオキシプロピル化トリメチロールプロパン、ポリオキシプロピル化ソルビトール及びポリオキシプロピル化ショ糖等のアルコールにプロピレンオキシドを付加して得られる化合物、ポリオキシプロピル化ビスフェノールA、ポリオキシプロピル化エチレンジアミン、ポリオキシプロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル等が挙げられる。
プロセスオイルは、可塑性や柔軟性の改良を目的にゴム等に配合される炭化水素油である。プロセスオイルとしては、パラフィン系プロセスオイル、ナフテン系プロセスオイル、芳香族系プロセスオイル、ポリブテン系プロセスオイル等が挙げられる。
第4級アンモニウム塩化合物としては、下記一般式(1)〜(4)の何れかで表される化合物が挙げられる。
本発明の複合材料は、剥片化層状物質の表面が被覆物質で被覆されている。本発明においては、被覆物質が剥片化層状物質の表面の少なくとも一部を覆っていてもよく、表面の全部を覆っていてもよいが、少なくとも表面の過半を覆っていることが好ましい。更に、被覆物質が剥片化層状物質の表面を連続的に覆っていてもよいし、断続的に覆っていてもよい。
本発明の複合材料において、剥片化層状物質100質量部に対する被覆物質の含量は0.1量部〜100質量部である。被覆物質の含量が0.1質量部よりも少ない場合には、被覆物質による被覆が不十分になる場合があり、100質量部よりも多い場合は、使用量に見合う増量効果は得られないばかりか、本発明の複合材料を樹脂等に添加して用いる場合、樹脂等の物性に悪影響を及ぼすことがある。剥片化層状物質100質量部に対する被覆物質の含量は、0.2質量部〜70質量部が好ましく、0.5質量部〜60質量部が更に好ましく、1質量部〜50質量部が最も好ましい。
国際公開第2013/172350号パンフレットの実施例1に準じて、天然黒鉛から剥片化層状物質A1を調製した。即ち、1−ブチル−3−メチルイミダゾリウムヘキサフルオロフォスフェート74部と、ポリエチレングリコール(富士フイルム和光純薬製、商品名:ポリエチレングリコール20000)26部とを混合し加熱溶解し、天然黒鉛(富士フイルム和光純薬製)10部を分散させた。この分散液0.6gを0.5cm3のバイアル瓶に採取し、フタをした後、マイクロウェーブ合成装置(バイオタージ・ジャパン製Initiator+)を用いて、分散液に2450MHzのマイクロ波を、170℃で30分間照射した。
この後、分散液をアセトンで洗浄し、濾過後、オーブンで加熱乾燥することで、天然黒鉛由来の剥片化層状物質A1を得た。剥片化層状物質A1の平均厚さは123nm、平均面積は11.6μm2である。
天然黒鉛の代わりに、膨張化黒鉛(株式会社伊藤黒鉛工業製、商品名:EC1500)を使用した以外は、製造例1と同様の操作を行い、膨張化黒鉛由来の剥片化層状物質A2を得た。剥片化層状物質A2の平均厚さは30nm、平均面積は1.4μm2である。
天然黒鉛の代わりに、窒化ホウ素(アルドリッチ社製)を使用した以外は、製造例1と同様の操作を行い、窒化ホウ素由来の剥片化層状物質A3を得た。剥片化層状物質A3の平均厚さは183nm、平均面積は10.3μm2である。
B1:オクタデシル3−(3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート(酸化防止剤、株式会社ADEKA製、商品名:アデカスタブAO−50)
B2:[2−ヒドロキシ−4−(オクチルオキシ)フェニル](フェニル)メタノン(紫外線吸収剤、株式会社ADEKA製、商品名:アデカスタブ1413)
B3:テトラキス(1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチル−4−ピペリジル)ブタン−1,2,3,4−テトラカルボキシレート(ヒンダードアミン系光安定剤、株式会社ADEKA製、商品名:アデカスタブLA−52)
B4:ホスフェート系難燃剤(株式会社ADEKA製、商品名:アデカスタブPFR)
B5:トリス(2−エチルヘキシル)トリメリテート(可塑剤、株式会社ADEKA製、商品名:アデカサイザーC−8)
B6:エチレンビスステアリルアミド(滑剤、富士フイルム和光純薬製)
B7:エチレンオキシド/プロピレンオキシドブロック共重合物(界面活性剤、株式会社ADEKA製、商品名:アデカプルロニックF−88)
B8:ポリオキシプロピル化グリセリン(ポリオキシプロピレン化合物、数平均分子量4000、株式会社ADEKA製、商品名:アデカポリエ−テルG−4000)
B9:パラフィン系プロセスオイル(プロセスオイル、日本サン石油株式会社製、商品名:SUNPAR110)
B10:1−ブチル−3−メチルイミダゾリウムビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミド
C1:ポリビニルアルコール(株式会社クラレ製、商品名:PVA217)
剥片化層状物質、被覆物質及び溶媒を表1に示す組合せで、ビーズミル(寿工業製、商品名:UAM−015)を用いて、被覆物質の溶液への剥片化層状物質の浸漬及び剥片化層状物質の二次粒子の解砕処理を行い、加熱減圧乾燥により溶媒を除去し、実施例1〜16及び比較例1〜2の複合材料を製造した。なお、表1において、( )内の数字は質量比を表し、溶媒のMEKはメチルエチルケトンを表す。なお、比較例1〜2で溶媒に水を用いているのは被覆物質のポリビニルアルコールがメチルエチルケトンに溶解しにくかったからである。
ポリプロピレン(ホモポリマー、メルトフローレート:8g/10min)100部と表2に示す複合材料又は剥片化層状物質2部を二軸混錬機を用いて230℃で混錬して押出し、太さ4mmの樹脂ストランドを作製した。
樹脂ストランドをミクロトームを用いて切断し、マイクロスコープを用いて断面の中央部を撮影し、画像解析ソフトにより、300μm×300μmあたりの粒子数と、凝集物比を測定した。なお、凝集物比は、面積40μm2以上の粒子を凝集物とした場合の、粒子の面積の合計に対する凝集物の面積の合計の比(%)である。粒子数が多いほど分散性が良好であり、凝集物比が大きいほど凝集物の割合が多いことを示す。結果を表2に示す。
ポリカーボネート(ホモポリマー、メルトフローレート:8g/10min)100部と表3に示す複合材料又は剥片化層状物質30部を二軸混錬機を用いて260℃で混錬して押出し太さ4mmの樹脂ストランドを作製した。
樹脂の評価1の分散性の評価と同様の手法により、300μm×300μmあたりの粒子数と、凝集物比を測定した。結果を表3に示す。
樹脂ストランドを、250℃、圧力5MPaで5分プレスし厚さ3mmのシートを作成した。このシートをJIS K7194(導電性プラスチックの4探針法による抵抗率試験方法)に準じ、4探針法により表面抵抗値を測定した。結果を表3に示す。
下記の表4に示す複合材料又は剥片化層状物質を20質量部、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(株式会社ADEKA製、商品名:アデカレジンEP4100E)を100質量部及びイミダゾール系触媒(1−ベンジル−2−メチルイミダゾール)0.5質量部を、遊星式撹拌脱泡装置を用いて混合した。この混合物を温度160℃、圧力5MPaで1時間加熱し、熱プレス硬化させて厚さ3mmのシートを作成した。このシートを50mm四方の正方形に切断し試験片に用いた。
樹脂シートをミクロトームを用いて切断し、走査型電子顕微鏡を用いて断面の中央部を撮影し、画像解析ソフトにより、300μm×300μmあたりの粒子数と、凝集物比を測定した。なお、凝集物比は、面積50μm2以上の粒子を凝集物とした場合の、粒子の面積の合計に対する凝集物の面積の合計の比(%)である。粒子数が多いほど分散性が良好であり、凝集物比が大きいほど凝集物の割合が多いことを示す。結果を表4に示す。
〔熱特性の評価〕
ASTM D7984−16に準じ、熱線法にて熱伝導率を測定した。
Claims (23)
- 剥片化層状物質の表面が被覆物質により被覆された複合材料であって、被覆物質が、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、ヒンダードアミン系光安定剤、難燃剤、可塑剤、滑剤、界面活性剤、ポリオキシプロピレン化合物、親水性ユニットと疎水性ユニットを有するラジカル重合系ポリマー、プロセスオイル及び第4級アンモニウム塩化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの物質であり、
剥片化層状物質100質量部に対する被覆物質の含量が0.1質量部〜100質量部である複合材料。 - 剥片化層状物質の平均厚さが1200nm以下であり、剥片化層状物質の平均面積が0.1μm2〜500μm2である請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記剥片化層状物質の平均厚さが3nm〜200nmである、請求項1又は2に記載の複合材料。
- 前記剥片化層状物質の平均面積が1.0μm2〜30μm2である、請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の複合材料。
- 前記剥片化層状物質が黒鉛類又は窒化ホウ素類に由来するものである、請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載の複合材料。
- 被覆物質が酸化防止剤であり、該酸化防止剤がフェノール系酸化防止剤である、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の複合材料。
- 前記酸化防止剤がヒドロキシフェニルカルボン酸エステルである請求項6に記載の複合材料。
- 被覆物質が紫外線吸収剤であり、該紫外線吸収剤がベンゾフェノン系紫外線吸収剤である、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の複合材料。
- 前記紫外線吸収剤がベンゾフェノン系紫外線吸収剤がヒドロキシ基とアルコキシ基とを有するベンゼン環を含む、請求項8に記載の複合材料。
- 被覆物質がヒンダードアミン系光安定剤である、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の複合材料。
- 被覆物質が難燃剤であり、該難燃剤がホスフェート系難燃剤である、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の複合材料。
- 被覆物質が可塑剤であり、該可塑剤が芳香族カルボン酸エステル系可塑剤である、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の複合材料。
- 前記芳香族カルボン酸エステル系可塑剤が3つのカルボン酸エステルを有するベンゼン環を含む、請求項12に記載の複合材料。
- 被覆物質が滑剤であり、該滑剤が脂肪酸アミド系滑剤である、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の複合材料。
- 前記脂肪酸アミド系滑剤が脂肪酸ジアミドである、請求項14に記載の複合材料。
- 被覆物質が界面活性剤であり、該界面活性剤がノニオン性界面活性剤である、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の複合材料。
- 前記ノニオン性界面活性剤が2種以上のアルキレンオキシドの共重合物である、請求項16に記載の複合材料。
- 被覆物質がポリオキシプロピレン化合物である、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の複合材料。
- 前記ポリオキシプロピレン化合物がアルコールにプロピレンオキシドを付加して得られる化合物である、請求項18に記載の複合材料。
- 被覆物質が親水性ユニットと疎水性ユニットを有するラジカル重合系ポリマーである、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の複合材料。
- 被覆物質がプロセスオイルである、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の複合材料。
- 請求項1〜22の何れか一項に記載の複合材料と合成樹脂とを含有する樹脂組成物。
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WO2020027039A1 (ja) | 2020-02-06 |
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