JPWO2019159596A1 - 脱離基を有する有機化合物と有機ケイ素化合物とのカップリング体の製造方法 - Google Patents
脱離基を有する有機化合物と有機ケイ素化合物とのカップリング体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2019159596A1 JPWO2019159596A1 JP2020500340A JP2020500340A JPWO2019159596A1 JP WO2019159596 A1 JPWO2019159596 A1 JP WO2019159596A1 JP 2020500340 A JP2020500340 A JP 2020500340A JP 2020500340 A JP2020500340 A JP 2020500340A JP WO2019159596 A1 JPWO2019159596 A1 JP WO2019159596A1
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title description 4
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 title description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005948 methanesulfonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005951 trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 30
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- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- ZBTMRBYMKUEVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 ZBTMRBYMKUEVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- NPMCAVBMOTZUPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-bromonaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(Br)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 NPMCAVBMOTZUPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000954 anitussive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CO BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000000080 chela (arthropods) Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001985 dextromethorphan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZZVUWRFHKOJYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenhydramine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCCN(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZVUWRFHKOJYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- DQYBDCGIPTYXML-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyethane;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCOCC DQYBDCGIPTYXML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003172 expectorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003419 expectorant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000555 isopropenyl group Chemical group [H]\C([H])=C(\*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940126585 therapeutic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
Ar1−X …(1)
[式(1)中、Ar1は置換されていてもよいアリール基又は置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール基を示し、Xは臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、メタンスルホニルオキシ基及びトリフルオロメタンスルホニルオキシ基から選ばれる脱離基を示す。]
Ar2−Si(OR)3 …(2)
[式(2)中、Ar2は置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール基又は置換されていてもよいビニル基を示し、Rは炭素数1〜5のアルキル基を示す。なお、複数存在するRは、それぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。]
Ar1−Ar2 …(3)
[式(3)中、Ar1及びAr2は上記と同義である。]
まず、上記アルコール溶媒と一般式(2)で表される化合物とが、上記無機塩基の存在下で反応することにより、下記式(α)で表される中間体を形成する。この中間体が、従来の檜山反応における中間体よりも活性が高いために、一般式(1)で表される化合物との反応が円滑に進行するため、使用するパラジウム触媒の量を減らした場合であっても、良好な収率で檜山反応のカップリング体を得ることができると本発明者等は推察している。なお、式(α)で表される中間体は、上記アルコール溶媒として、プロピレングリコールを用いた場合の例であり、M+は無機塩基由来の金属イオンを示す。
下記反応式(A)に従って、種々溶媒を変更した他は、同様の条件で、パラジウム錯体(3)及びフッ化カリウム(KF)の存在下、4−ブロモトルエン(1a)とトリメトキシフェニルシラン(2a)とのカップリング反応を行い、目的のカップリング体(4a)を得た。具体的な操作を以下に示す。
用いる塩基を表2に示すように変更した他は、実施例2と同様にして、反応を行った(下記反応式(B)参照)。その結果を表2に示す。
触媒量及び反応温度を表3に示すように変更した他は、実施例2と同様にして、反応を行った(下記反応式(C)参照)。その結果を表3に示す。
パラジウム(Pd)触媒を以下に示すように変更した他は、実施例10と同様にして、反応を行った(下記反応式(D)参照)。その結果を以下に示す。具体的には、実施例毎に、用いたPd触媒を、反応率(conv.)(%)及びカップリング体(4a)の収率(yield)(%)とともに以下に示す。
実施例10:G. Hamasaka, F. Sakurai, Y. Uozumi, Chem. Commun. 2015, 51, 3886.
実施例11:F. Ragaini, M. Gasperini, S. Cenini, L. Arnera, A. Caselli, P.Macchi, N. Casati, Chem. Eur. J. 2009, 15, 8064.
実施例12:Newkome, G. R.; Pantaleo, D. C.; Puckett, W. E.; Ziefle, P. L.;Deutsch, W. A. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 1981, 43, 1529.
実施例13:K. Takenaka, M. Minakawa, Y. Uozumi. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127,12273.
用いる基質(1)を変更した他は、実施例10と同様にして、反応を行った(下記反応式(E)参照)。その結果を以下に示す。具体的には、実施例毎に、得られたカップリング体(4’)の構造を、その収率(%)とともに以下に示す。なお、構造中、点線よりも左側が基質(1)由来の基であり、右側が基質(2a)由来の基である(以下、同様)。
用いる基質(2’)をそれぞれ変更した他は、実施例10と同様にして、反応を行った(下記反応式(F)参照)。その結果を以下に示す。具体的には、実施例毎に、得られたカップリング体(4”)の構造を、その収率(%)とともに以下に示す。
ニキビ治療薬の有効成分であるアダパレンの合成を実施した(下記反応式(G)参照)。具体的な実験操作を以下に示す。
テフロン(登録商標)被覆した攪拌子が入っている大型試験管へ、フッ化カリウム(KF)(3.1g,54.0mmol)と6−ブロモ−2−ナフタレンカルボン酸(1b)(4.5g,18.0mmol)を入れ、プロピレングリコール(36mL)を加えた。トリエトキシシラン誘導体(2b)(8.7g,21.6mmol)を反応容器へと加えた。
パラジウム触媒(3)(0.23mg,1.0×10−3mmol)をジクロロメチレン(1mL)へと溶解させた。この溶液(0.18mL,5mol ppmPd)を反応溶液へと加え、100℃で12時間加熱攪拌した。加熱終了後、水(36mL)を加え、室温下10分間攪拌した。得られた反応混合物をセライト上で、水、tert−ブチルメチルエーテルを用い、洗浄した。テトラヒドロフランを用い、固体上に残った生成物を溶出させた。減圧下、揮発性有機物を留去することで、アダパレンを6.9g、93%単離収率で得た。
用いる基質(1)及び基質(2)をそれぞれ変更し、且つ触媒量を100mol ppmとした他は、実施例10と同様にして、反応を行った(下記反応式(H)参照)。その結果を以下に示す。具体的には、実施例毎に、得られたカップリング体(4)の構造を、その収率(%)とともに以下に示す。
用いる基質を4−ブロモトルエン(1a)から4−ヨードトルエン(1c)に変更した他は、実施例10と同様にして、反応を行った(下記反応式(I)参照)。その結果、収率87%で目的のカップリング体(4a)が得られた。
用いる基質を基質(1d)及び基質(2c)に変更した他は、実施例10と同様にして、反応を行った(下記反応式(J)参照)。その結果、収率90%で目的のデキストロメトルファン誘導体が得られた。なお、デキストロメトルファンは、鎮咳去痰薬の一種である。
用いる基質を基質(1e)及び基質(2d)に変更した他は、実施例10と同様にして、反応を行った(下記反応式(k)参照)。その結果、収率88%で目的の液晶化合物が得られた。
Claims (1)
- 隣接した2つの炭素原子がそれぞれ水酸基を有する部位を含むアルコール溶媒、無機塩基及びパラジウム触媒の存在下、下記一般式(1)で表される化合物と下記一般式(2)で表される化合物とを反応させて、下記一般式(3)で表されるカップリング体を得る、カップリング体の製造方法。
Ar1−X …(1)
[式(1)中、Ar1は置換されていてもよいアリール基又は置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール基を示し、Xは臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、メタンスルホニルオキシ基及びトリフルオロメタンスルホニルオキシ基から選ばれる脱離基を示す。]
Ar2−Si(OR)3 …(2)
[式(2)中、Ar2は置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール基又は置換されていてもよいビニル基を示し、Rは炭素数1〜5のアルキル基を示す。]
Ar1−Ar2 …(3)
[式(3)中、Ar1及びAr2は上記と同義である。]
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Non-Patent Citations (6)
Title |
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BLASZCZYK, IZABELA ET AL.: "Orthometallated palladium trimers in C-C coupling reactions", JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY, vol. 710, JPN6019012571, 2012, pages 44 - 52, XP028417338, ISSN: 0004970813, DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.03.010 * |
BLASZCZYK, IZABELA ET AL.: "Suzuki-Miyaura and Hiyama reactions catalyzed by orthopalladated triarylphosphite complexes", TETRAHEDRON, vol. 66, JPN6019012570, 2010, pages 9502 - 9507, XP027471728, ISSN: 0004970812, DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.10.021 * |
GORDILLO A. ET AL: "Consecutive palladium-catalyzed Hiyama-Heck reactions in aqueous media under ligand-free conditions", CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS(CAMBRIDGE, UNITED KINGDOM), JPN6019039416, 2007, pages 4056 - 4058, ISSN: 0004970815 * |
HAMASAKA, GO ET AL.: "A palladium NNC-pincer complex: an efficient catalyst for allylic arylation at parts per billion lev", CHEMCOMMUN., vol. 51, JPN6019012577, 2015, pages 3886 - 3888, XP055636011, ISSN: 0004970814, DOI: 10.1039/C4CC09726B * |
SHI S. ET AL.: "Pd(OAc)2-Catalyzed Fluoride-Free Cross-Coupling Reactions of Arylsiloxanes with Aryl Bromides in Aqu", JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, vol. 72, no. 15, JPN6019039417, 2007, pages 5927 - 5930, ISSN: 0004970816 * |
SRIMANI, D. ET AL.: "Convenient systhesis of palladium nanoparticles and catalysis of hiyama coupling reaction in water", ORGANIC LETTERS, vol. 9, no. 18, JPN6023002216, 2007, pages 3639 - 3642, ISSN: 0004970817 * |
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