JPWO2016121152A1 - 酸化物半導体膜および半導体デバイス - Google Patents
酸化物半導体膜および半導体デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2016121152A1 JPWO2016121152A1 JP2016552545A JP2016552545A JPWO2016121152A1 JP WO2016121152 A1 JPWO2016121152 A1 JP WO2016121152A1 JP 2016552545 A JP2016552545 A JP 2016552545A JP 2016552545 A JP2016552545 A JP 2016552545A JP WO2016121152 A1 JPWO2016121152 A1 JP WO2016121152A1
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- oxide semiconductor
- semiconductor film
- film
- oxide
- semiconductor device
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 251
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
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- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091006149 Electron carriers Proteins 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
まず、本発明の実施態様を列記して説明する。
[実施形態1:酸化物半導体膜]
本実施形態に係る酸化物半導体膜は、ナノ結晶酸化物またはアモルファス酸化物で構成される酸化物半導体膜であり、インジウム、タングステンおよび亜鉛を含有し、酸化物半導体膜中のインジウム、タングステンおよび亜鉛の合計に対するタングステンの含有率が0.5原子%より大きく、5原子%以下であり、電気抵抗率が10-1Ωcm以上である。本実施形態に係る酸化物半導体膜によれば、これをチャネル層として含む半導体デバイス(たとえばTFT)において、閾値電圧Vthを0〜4V(さらには2〜4V)にすることができるとともに、高い電界効果移動度を実現することができる。また、本実施形態に係る酸化物半導体膜によれば、これをチャネル層として含む半導体デバイス(たとえばTFT)において、そのOFF電流を小さくしながら、上記の良好な閾値電圧Vthおよび電界効果移動度を実現することも可能になる。OFF電流が小さくなることにより、低い駆動電圧でOFF電流に対するON電流の比を高くすることができる。
測定方法:In−plane法(スリットコリメーション法)、
X線発生部:対陰極Cu、出力50kV 300mA、
検出部:シンチレーションカウンタ、
入射部:スリットコリメーション、
ソーラースリット:入射側 縦発散角0.48°
受光側 縦発散角0.41°、
スリット:入射側 S1=1mm*10mm
受光側 S2=0.2mm*10mm、
走査条件:走査軸 2θχ/φ、
走査モード:ステップ測定、走査範囲 10〜80°、ステップ幅0.1°、
ステップ時間 8sec.。
測定方法:極微電子線回折法、
加速電圧:200kV、
ビーム径:測定対象である酸化物半導体膜の膜厚と同じか、または同等。
本実施形態に係る半導体デバイスは、実施形態1の酸化物半導体膜を含む。本実施形態の半導体デバイスは、実施形態1の酸化物半導体膜を含むため、閾値電圧Vthを0〜4V(さらには2〜4V)にすることができるとともに、高い電界効果移動度を実現することができる。また、本実施形態の半導体デバイスにおいて、そのOFF電流を小さくしながら、上記の良好な閾値電圧Vthおよび電界効果移動度を実現することも可能になる。半導体デバイスとは、特に制限はないが、実施形態1の酸化物半導体膜をチャネル層として含むTFTが好適な例である。
図4(A)を参照して、基板11上にゲート電極12を形成する。基板11は、特に制限されないが、透明性、価格安定性、および表面平滑性を高くする観点から、石英ガラス基板、無アルカリガラス基板、アルカリガラス基板等であることが好ましい。ゲート電極12は、特に制限されないが、耐酸化性が高くかつ電気抵抗が低い点から、Mo電極、Ti電極、W電極、Al電極、Cu電極等であることが好ましい。ゲート電極12の形成方法は、特に制限されないが、基板11の主面上に大面積で均一に形成できる点から、真空蒸着法、スパッタリング法等であることが好ましい。
図4(B)を参照して、ゲート電極12上に絶縁層としてゲート絶縁膜13を形成する。ゲート絶縁膜13の形成方法は、特に制限はないが、大面積で均一に形成できる点および絶縁性を確保する点から、プラズマCVD(化学気相堆積)法等であることが好ましい。
図4(C)を参照して、ゲート絶縁膜13上にチャネル層として酸化物半導体膜14を形成する。上述のように、酸化物半導体膜14は、スパッタリング法により成膜する工程を含んで形成されることが好ましく、たとえばスパッタリング法による成膜後に加熱処理するか、またはスパッタリング法により成膜を行いながら加熱処理することによって形成されることが好ましい。スパッタリング法の原料ターゲットとしては、In−W−Zn−O焼結体を用いる。焼結体ターゲットとしては、たとえば特願2014−164142号、特願2014−061493号に記載のものを用いることができる。
図4(D)を参照して、酸化物半導体膜14上にソース電極15およびドレイン電極16を互いに接触しないように形成する。ソース電極15およびドレイン電極16は、特に制限はないが、耐酸化性が高く、電気抵抗が低く、かつ酸化物半導体膜14との接触電気抵抗が低いことから、Mo電極、Ti電極、W電極、Al電極、Cu電極等であることが好ましい。ソース電極15およびドレイン電極16を形成する方法は、特に制限はないが、酸化物半導体膜14が形成された基板11の主面上に大面積で均一に形成できる点から、真空蒸着法、スパッタリング法等であることが好ましい。ソース電極15およびドレイン電極16を互いに接触しないように形成する方法は、特に制限はないが、大面積で均一なソース電極15とドレイン電極16のパターンを形成できる点から、フォトレジストを使ったエッチング法による形成であることが好ましい。
(1)酸化物半導体膜を備える半導体デバイス(TFT)の作製
次の手順で図3に示される半導体デバイス30と類似の構成を有するTFTを作製した。図4(A)を参照して、まず、基板11として50mm×50mm×厚み0.6mmの合成石英ガラス基板を準備し、その基板11上にスパッタリング法によりゲート電極12として厚み100nmのMo電極を形成した。
作製したTFTが備える酸化物半導体膜14の結晶性を上述の測定方法および定義に従って評価した。表1における「結晶性」の欄には、ナノ結晶である場合には「ナノ結晶」と、アモルファスである場合には、「アモルファス」と記載している。また、酸化物半導体膜14中のIn、WおよびZnの含有量を、RBS(ラザフォード後方散乱分析)により測定した。これらの含有量に基づいて酸化物半導体膜14のW含有率(原子%)およびZn/W比(原子数比)をそれぞれ算出した。結果を表1に示す。
ソース電極15とドレイン電極16に測定針を接触させた。次に、ソース−ドレイン電極間に電圧を1Vから20Vに変化させて印加しながら、ソース−ドレイン間電流Idsを測定した。Ids−Vgsのグラフを描いたときの傾きが抵抗Rである。この抵抗Rと、チャネル長さCL(30μm)、チャネル幅CW(40μm)、膜厚tから、電気抵抗率は、R×CW×t/CLとして求めることができる。実施例の酸化物半導体膜は全て10-1Ωcm以上であることを確認した。一方、比較例の酸化物半導体膜は全て10-1Ωcm未満であることを確認した。
半導体デバイス10であるTFTの特性を次のようにして評価した。まず、ゲート電極12、ソース電極15およびドレイン電極16に測定針を接触させた。ソース電極15とドレイン電極16との間に0.3Vのソース−ドレイン間電圧Vdsを印加し、ソース電極15とゲート電極12との間に印加するソース−ゲート間電圧Vgsを−10Vから15Vに変化させて、そのときのソース−ドレイン間電流Idsを測定した。そして、ソース−ゲート間電圧Vgsとソース−ドレイン間電流Idsの平方根〔(Ids)1/2〕との関係をグラフ化した(以下、このグラフを「Vgs−(Ids)1/2曲線」ともいう。)。Vgs−(Ids)1/2曲線に接線を引き、その接線の傾きが最大となる点を接点とする接線がx軸(Vgs)と交わる点(x切片)を閾値電圧Vthとした。また、ソース−ゲート間電圧Vgsが−5Vのときのソース−ドレイン間電流IdsをOFF電流とした。閾値電圧VthおよびOFF電流は、窒素雰囲気中250℃30分間のアニール処理を実施した後(窒素雰囲気中300℃30分間のアニール処理前)のTFTについて測定した。
gm=dIds/dVgs 〔a〕
に従って、ソース−ドレイン間電流Idsをソース−ゲート間電圧Vgsについて微分することによりgmを導出した。そしてVgs=8.0Vにおけるgmの値を用いて、下記式〔b〕:
μfe=gm・CL/(CW・Ci・Vds) 〔b〕
に基づいて、電界効果移動度μfeを算出した。上記式〔b〕におけるチャネル長さCLは30μmであり、チャネル幅CWは40μmである。また、ゲート絶縁膜13のキャパシタンスCiは3.4×10-8F/cm2とし、ソース−ドレイン間電圧Vdsは0.3Vとした。
Claims (8)
- ナノ結晶酸化物またはアモルファス酸化物で構成される酸化物半導体膜であって、
インジウム、タングステンおよび亜鉛を含有し、
前記酸化物半導体膜中のインジウム、タングステンおよび亜鉛の合計に対するタングステンの含有率が0.5原子%より大きく、5原子%以下であり、
電気抵抗率が10-1Ωcm以上である、酸化物半導体膜。 - 膜厚が2nm以上25nm以下である、請求項1に記載の酸化物半導体膜。
- 前記酸化物半導体膜中のタングステンに対する亜鉛の原子比(Zn/W比)が0.5以上30以下である、請求項1に記載の酸化物半導体膜。
- スパッタリング法により成膜する工程を含む製造方法によって得られる、請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の酸化物半導体膜。
- スパッタリング法による成膜後に加熱処理するか、またはスパッタリング法により成膜を行いながら加熱処理することによって得られる、請求項4に記載の酸化物半導体膜。
- 請求項1〜請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の酸化物半導体膜を含む、半導体デバイス。
- 前記酸化物半導体膜の少なくとも一部と接して配置される層をさらに含み、
前記層は、ナノ結晶層およびアモルファス層の少なくともいずれか1つである、請求項6に記載の半導体デバイス。 - 前記層は、シリコンおよびアルミニウムの少なくともいずれか1つを含む酸化物層である、請求項7に記載の半導体デバイス。
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JP2012124446A (ja) * | 2010-04-07 | 2012-06-28 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 薄膜トランジスタの半導体層用酸化物およびスパッタリングターゲット、並びに薄膜トランジスタ |
JP2012067387A (ja) * | 2010-08-25 | 2012-04-05 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 電子装置とその作製方法およびスパッタリングターゲット |
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WO2016121152A1 (ja) | 2016-08-04 |
EP3101692A1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
KR20160120774A (ko) | 2016-10-18 |
US20170012133A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
TW201639174A (zh) | 2016-11-01 |
KR101948998B1 (ko) | 2019-02-15 |
JP6551414B2 (ja) | 2019-07-31 |
US10192994B2 (en) | 2019-01-29 |
TWI677990B (zh) | 2019-11-21 |
CN106104811A (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
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