JPWO2016114051A1 - 中空糸膜、及び中空糸膜の製造方法 - Google Patents
中空糸膜、及び中空糸膜の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
Description
まず、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)を主成分として含む中空糸膜を基材として用い、この基材となる中空糸膜を、エタノール50質量%水溶液に浸漬させた。そうすることによって、基材となる中空糸膜を濡らした。この濡らした中空糸膜を、水に24時間浸漬させた。そうすることによって、中空糸膜内全体に水が含まれた。この中空糸膜を、親水性樹脂であるポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)の1質量%水溶液(BASFジャパン株式会社製のSokalan K−90)に浸漬させた。その後、このポリビニルピロリドン水溶液に浸漬させた中空糸膜を、過酸化水素を0.5質量%含む水溶液(架橋液)に浸漬させた。そうすることによって、中空糸膜に含まれたポリビニルピロリドンが架橋した。その後、この中空糸膜を水に浸漬させた。そうすることによって、架橋が不充分であったポリビニルピロリドンを中空糸膜から除去した。その後、この中空糸膜を、24時間、80℃で送風乾燥させた。このようにして、ポリビニルピロリドンの架橋体が表面全体を被覆した中空糸膜が得られた。
(透水性保持率)
得られた中空糸膜を、以下のようにして、評価した。その結果は、表1に示す。
得られた中空糸膜からの親水性樹脂の溶出の有無を、以下のように評価した。
ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)の代わりに、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)を主成分として含む中空糸膜を基材として用いたこと以外、実施例1と同様である。
親水性樹脂として、ポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)の代わりに、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(東亜合成株式会社製のアロンビスSX)を用い、架橋液として、過酸化水素水溶液の代わりに過硫酸ナトリウム(三菱ガス株式会社製)を用いたこと以外、実施例1と同様である。
架橋液として、過酸化水素水溶液の代わりに過硫酸ナトリウムを用いたこと以外、実施例1と同様である。
ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)を主成分として含む中空糸膜として、限外ろ過膜(UF)膜を用いたこと以外、実施例1と同様である。
過酸化水素水溶液として、過酸化水素を20質量%含む水溶液(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を用いたこと以外実施例1と同様である。
過酸化水素水溶液として、過酸化水素を0.1質量%含む水溶液を用いたこと以外、実施例1と同様である。
親水性樹脂として、ポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)の代わりに、1質量%のポリビニルアルコール(PVA)(株式会社クラレ製のPVA−505)を用い、架橋液として、過酸化水素水溶液の代わりに1質量%のホルムアルデヒド水溶液を用いて、中空糸膜を処理した後、4質量%の硫酸酸性水溶液に浸漬させて、親水化処理したこと以外、実施例1と同様である。
実施例1における、架橋前の中空糸膜である。
Claims (10)
- 中空糸膜状の基材と親水性樹脂の架橋体とを含み、
湿潤状態での膜間差圧0.1MPaにおける純水の透過速度が、乾燥状態での膜間差圧0.1MPaにおける純水の透過速度に対して、0.5〜0.99倍であることを特徴とする中空糸膜。 - 前記架橋体は、少なくとも表面に存在し、架橋前の中空糸膜に含まれる親水性樹脂を架橋させたものである請求項1に記載の中空糸膜。
- 赤外吸収スペクトルにおける前記親水性樹脂に由来のピークの吸収強度が、前記架橋前の中空糸膜の前記吸収強度に対して、0.1倍以上0.7倍以下である請求項2に記載の中空糸膜。
- 前記吸収強度が、前記親水性樹脂の有するC=O結合の伸縮振動由来のピークの強度である請求項3に記載の中空糸膜。
- 前記吸収強度が、波数が1600〜1800cm−1における最大ピークの吸収強度である請求項3又は請求項4に記載の中空糸膜。
- 分画径が、前記基材の分画径に対して、0.05〜0.7倍である請求項2〜5のいずれか1項に記載の中空糸膜。
- 前記基材が、フッ素系樹脂を含み、
前記中空糸膜の赤外吸収スペクトルにおいて、波数が1600〜1800cm−1にピークを有する請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の中空糸膜。 - 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の中空糸膜の製造方法であって、
前記親水性樹脂を含む、架橋前の中空糸膜を用意する工程と、
前記架橋前の中空糸膜内の親水性樹脂を架橋させる架橋工程とを備えることを特徴とする中空糸膜の製造方法。 - 前記架橋工程は、赤外吸収スペクトルにおける前記親水性樹脂に由来の吸収強度が、前記架橋前の中空糸膜の前記吸収強度に対して、0.1倍以上0.7倍以下となるように、前記親水性樹脂を架橋させる工程である請求項8に記載の中空糸膜の製造方法。
- 前記架橋工程は、分画径が、前記基材の分画径に対して、0.05〜0.7倍となるように、前記親水性樹脂を架橋させる工程である請求項8又は請求項9に記載の中空糸膜の製造方法。
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