JPWO2016113863A1 - 非水電解質電池及び電池パック - Google Patents
非水電解質電池及び電池パック Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2016113863A1 JPWO2016113863A1 JP2016510881A JP2016510881A JPWO2016113863A1 JP WO2016113863 A1 JPWO2016113863 A1 JP WO2016113863A1 JP 2016510881 A JP2016510881 A JP 2016510881A JP 2016510881 A JP2016510881 A JP 2016510881A JP WO2016113863 A1 JPWO2016113863 A1 JP WO2016113863A1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0583—Construction or manufacture of accumulators with folded construction elements except wound ones, i.e. folded positive or negative electrodes or separators, e.g. with "Z"-shaped electrodes or separators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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Abstract
Description
図1乃至図7は、第1の実施の形態を示す。図1は、第1の実施形態に係る一例の非水電解質電池60の概略断面図である。図1に示す非水電解質電池60は、ほぼ箱形の外装部材61と、この外装部材61内に収納されたつづら折り状のバイポーラ電極11とを有する。外装部材61は、例えば2枚の樹脂フィルムの間に金属層を介在したラミネートフィルムからなる。図2は、バイポーラ電極11の概略構成を示す斜視図である。
図3は、バイポーラ電極1の電極本体2の基本構造を示す。図3に示すようにバイポーラ電極1の電極本体2は、集電体3と、集電体3の一面に形成された正極活物質層4と、集電体3の他面に形成された負極活物質層5とを有する。集電体3の素材にはアルミニウムを用い、1辺が例えば5cmの正方形に成形した。正極活物質層4にはリン酸マンガンリチウム(以下LMP)、負極活物質層5にはチタン酸リチウム(以下LTO)を用いた。正極活物質層4は、リチウムを吸蔵及び放出可能である。負極活物質層5は、1.5V付近に反応電位が存在する。LMPもしくはLTOと導電助剤、粘結材をそれぞれ電極本体2の総重量に対してカーボンを5wt%、ポリフッ化ビニリデンを10wt%混合した。これらの混合物を成形することで、実施例1に係るバイポーラ電極1を作製した。
図4に示すように実施例1に記載のバイポーラ電極1の電極本体2を用いて3層(電極本体2A〜2C)に積層した電極本体2の積層体2Xを形成する。この積層体2Xの各電極本体2A〜2C間にはそれぞれ電解質層7があり、電極本体2A〜2C同士が触れないようにする。さらに、図4中で、最上段の位置の電極本体2Aの上側には負極部材2t1が電解質層7を介して積層されている。図4中で、最下段の位置の電極本体2Cの下側には正極部材2t2が電解質層7を介して積層されている。ここで、負極部材2t1は、集電体3の下面側に負極活物質層5のみが形成されている。正極部材2t2は、集電体3の上面側に正極活物質層4のみが形成されている。これらの電極本体2の積層体2Xと、負極部材2t1と、正極部材2t2とが一体的に積層されて電極積層体6を形成し、バイポーラ電池を作製した。これにより、実施例2に係るバイポーラ電池を得た。
集電体3の1辺(長辺)を例えば45cmとし、もう1辺(短辺)を例えば5cmに成形した。得られた長方形の板状の集電体3を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にバイポーラ電極1を作製した。すなわち、長方形の板状の集電体3の一方の板面に正極活物質層4を形成するとともに、同他方の板面に負極活物質層5を形成している。
実施例3に記載のバイポーラ電極1の電極本体2を3層(電極本体2A〜2C)に積層した電極本体2の積層体2Xと、負極部材2t1と、正極部材2t2とが一体的に積層された長方形の板状の電極積層体6を形成する。そして、実施例2と同様に作製することで、実施例4のバイポーラ電池を得た。さらに、この長方形の板状の電極積層体6をつづら折り状に折り畳んで重ねて実施例4に係るつづら折りバイポーラ電極11(図2参照)を得た。このとき、図2に示すように電極積層体6は、1つの板体を一方向に所定の長さで複数に区分けし、各区分け部分8間を順次、互い違いにそれぞれ折り曲げてつづら折り状に折り畳んで重ねてある。各区分け部分8は、例えば、5cm毎に順次、互い違いにそれぞれ折り返すようにつづら折りにすることでバイポーラ電極11が形成されている。なお、隣接する区分け部分8間の折り返し部分を折り返し部12と称する。
実施例4に記載のつづら折りバイポーラ電極11を作製するとき、各区分け部分8の折り返し部12までの長さを図8中の下から5cm、6cm、5cm、4cm、5cm、6cm、5cm、5cmの順につづら折りにした以外は、実施例4と同様に図8に示すバイポーラ電極11を作製した。これにより、図8に示すようにバイポーラ電極11は、つづら折りにするとき、区分け部分8の左右の両端に交互に折り返し部12が形成される。そして、区分け部分8の一端側の折り返し部12の中心点位置Oは、折り返し部12の重ね合わせ方向に対して隣接する部分が重ね合わせ方向と直交する方向に交互にずらした状態で折り曲げてある。ここでは、図9に示すように一端側の折り返し部12の1つに1つの正極用の集電用タブ13aが形成されている。他端側の折り返し部12の1つに1つの負極用の集電用タブ13bとが設けられている。
実施例5に記載のつづら折りバイポーラ電極11において、図10に示すように各折り返し地点に集電用タブを正負極の各5ヶ所、合計10ヶ所に溶接して設置した。図10中で、14aは、正極の集電用タブ、14bは、負極の集電用タブである。これ以外は、実施例5と同様につづら折りバイポーラ電極11を作製した。
負極は、例えば、負極活物質、導電剤及び結着剤を適当な溶媒に分散させて得られる負極剤ペーストを、負極集電体の片側又は両面に塗布し、これを乾燥させることにより作製することができる。乾燥後、負極剤ペーストを、プレスをすることもできる。
d=2(S/π)1/2 (A)
平均結晶粒子径の範囲が50μm以下の範囲にあるアルミニウム箔又はアルミニウム合金箔は、材料組成、不純物、加工条件、熱処理履歴ならび焼なましの加熱条件など多くの因子に複雑に影響され、前記結晶粒子径(直径)は、製造工程の中で、前記諸因子を組み合わせて調整される。
正極は、例えば、正極活物質、導電剤及び結着剤を適当な溶媒に分散させて得られる正極剤ペーストを、正極集電体の片側又は両面に塗布し、これを乾燥させることにより作製することができる。乾燥後、正極剤ペーストは、プレスを行うこともできる。
セパレータとしては、例えば、多孔質セパレータを用いることができる。多孔質セパレータとしては、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、セルロース、又はポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVdF)を含む多孔質フィルム、合成樹脂製不織布等を挙げることができる。中でも、ポリエチレンか、あるいはポリプロピレン、又は両者からなる多孔質フィルムは、電池温度が上昇した場合に細孔を閉塞して充放電電流を大幅に減衰させるシャットダウン機能を付加しやすく、二次電池の安全性を向上できるため、好ましい。低コスト化の観点からは、セルロース系のセパレータを用いることが好ましい。
非水電解質としては、LiBF4、LiPF6、LiAsF6、LiClO4、LiCF3SO3、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiN(C2F5SO2)2、Li(CF3SO2)3C、LiB[(OCO)2]2などから選ばれる一種以上のリチウム塩を0.5〜2mol/Lの範囲内にある濃度で有機溶媒に溶解した有機電解液が挙げられる。
ケースとして使用され得るステンレス部材の厚さは、0.2mm以下にすることが望ましい。例えば、ステンレス部材は、最内層に位置する熱融着性樹脂フィルム(熱可塑性樹脂フィルム)の上にステンレスからなる金属箔及び剛性を有する有機樹脂フィルムをこの順序で積層した複合フィルム材から構成することが可能である。
正極に電気的に接続され得る電極リード、すなわち正極リードとしては、例えばアルミニウム、チタン及びそれらをもとにした合金、ステンレスなどを用いることができる。
図8は、第1の実施の形態の非水電解質電池60の第1の変形例を示す。本変形例は、実施例5で示したようにバイポーラ電極11を、つづら折りにするとき、片側の折り返し部12の中心点位置Oが折り返し部12の重ね合わせ方向に対して隣接する折り返し部12の部分が重ね合わせ方向と直交する方向に交互にずらした状態で折り曲げたものである。
図10および図11は、第1実施形態の非水電解質電池60の第2の変形例を示す。本変形例は、図10に示すようにバイポーラ電極11を、つづら折りにするとき、折り返し部12毎に集電タブ(正極の集電用タブ14aおよび負極の集電用タブ14b)を取り付ける構成にしたものである。
図13Aに示すように集電体21の両面に正極活物質層22を形成した。また、図13Bに示すように集電体21の両面に負極活物質層23を形成した。これにより、比較例1に係る第1電極24と第2電極25とを得た。
図13Cは、比較例1に記載の第1電極24と第2電極25とを用いて交互に5層に積層し、積層型電池26を作製した。電極間には電解質層27があり、電極同士が触れないようにする。これにより、比較例2に係る積層型電池26を得た。
Claims (8)
- 集電体と、前記集電体の一面に形成された正極活物質層と、前記集電体の他面に形成された負極活物質層とを有するバイポーラ電極と、
非水電解質と、を具備し、
前記バイポーラ電極は、一方向に所定の長さで複数に区分けし、各区分け部分間を順次、互い違いにそれぞれ折り曲げて折り畳んで重ねてある非水電解質電池。 - 前記負極活物質層は、1.5V付近に反応電位が存在する請求項1に記載の非水電解質電池。
- 前記集電体は、アルミニウムを用いている請求項1に記載の非水電解質電池。
- 前記正極活物質層は、リチウムを吸蔵及び放出可能であり、
前記負極活物質と、
前記正極活物質層と、
非水電解質と、を含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の非水電解質電池。 - 前記バイポーラ電極を複数積層させた積層体を設け、
前記積層体は、前記バイポーラ電極を一方向に所定の長さで複数に区分けし、各区分け部分間を順次、互い違いにそれぞれ折り曲げて折り畳んで重ねてある請求項1に記載の非水電解質電池。 - 前記バイポーラ電極は、片側の折り返し部の中心点位置が前記折り返し部の重ね合わせ方向に対して隣接する部分が前記重ね合わせ方向と直交する方向に交互にずらした状態で折り曲げてある請求項5に記載の非水電解質電池。
- 前記バイポーラ電極は、前記折り返し部毎に集電タブを取り付けてある請求項6に記載の非水電解質電池。
- 請求項1または5のいずれかに記載の非水電解質電池と、
前記非水電解質電池を収容する外装部材と、
を有する非水電解質電池の電池パック。
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EP (1) | EP3246984A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6246901B2 (ja) |
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JP6870914B2 (ja) | 2016-03-15 | 2021-05-12 | 株式会社東芝 | 非水電解質電池、電池パック及び車両 |
JP6615660B2 (ja) | 2016-03-17 | 2019-12-04 | 株式会社東芝 | 非水電解質電池、電池パック及び車両 |
JP6725382B2 (ja) * | 2016-09-21 | 2020-07-15 | 株式会社東芝 | 組電池、電池パックおよび車両 |
JP6992630B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-20 | 2022-01-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電極板の製造方法および製造装置 |
KR20200058173A (ko) | 2018-11-19 | 2020-05-27 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 이차 전지 |
KR102405345B1 (ko) * | 2019-02-22 | 2022-06-07 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 단위셀 및 그 제조방법 |
US11121408B2 (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2021-09-14 | Medtronic, Inc. | Lithium-ion battery |
JP7326067B2 (ja) | 2019-08-22 | 2023-08-15 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 単位電池 |
CN112038708B (zh) * | 2020-10-10 | 2022-06-10 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | 锂离子电池卷芯结构及其制造方法 |
CN114824154B (zh) * | 2021-01-22 | 2024-01-26 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | 一种双极性电池及其制备方法和用途 |
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KR20170032456A (ko) | 2017-03-22 |
US20170141433A1 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
US10305146B2 (en) | 2019-05-28 |
EP3246984A4 (en) | 2018-06-06 |
EP3246984A1 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
WO2016113863A1 (ja) | 2016-07-21 |
CN106663839A (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
CN106663839B (zh) | 2019-05-10 |
JP6246901B2 (ja) | 2017-12-13 |
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