JPWO2007114082A1 - 内燃機関排気ガスの浄化方法 - Google Patents
内燃機関排気ガスの浄化方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JPWO2007114082A1 JPWO2007114082A1 JP2008508521A JP2008508521A JPWO2007114082A1 JP WO2007114082 A1 JPWO2007114082 A1 JP WO2007114082A1 JP 2008508521 A JP2008508521 A JP 2008508521A JP 2008508521 A JP2008508521 A JP 2008508521A JP WO2007114082 A1 JPWO2007114082 A1 JP WO2007114082A1
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- exhaust gas
- temperature
- magnesium
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 52
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 23
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 20
- 229940097364 magnesium acetate tetrahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 12
- XKPKPGCRSHFTKM-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;diacetate;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O XKPKPGCRSHFTKM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 11
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- -1 SOx Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- DOSGEBYQRMBTGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,6-dihydro-2h-pyran-4-yl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)OB1C1=CCOCC1 DOSGEBYQRMBTGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium acetate Chemical compound [Ba+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- XQKKWWCELHKGKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O XQKKWWCELHKGKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229940067460 calcium acetate monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003283 rhodium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002060 Fe-Cr-Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Pt+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVOOVMQUISJERI-UHFFFAOYSA-K rhodium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Rh+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O SVOOVMQUISJERI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Rh+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K rhodium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Rh+3] SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9463—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick
- B01D53/9472—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick in different zones
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/58—Platinum group metals with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
- F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0821—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with particulate filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
- F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9422—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by NOx storage or reduction by cyclic switching between lean and rich exhaust gases (LNT, NSC, NSR)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0246—Coatings comprising a zeolite
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
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- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
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Abstract
Description
つぎに、実施例を挙げて本発明方法を、さらに詳細に説明する。
白金2gに相当する量のジニトロアンミン白金水溶液、マグネシウム0.6gに相当する量の酢酸マグネシウム四水和物、パラジウム0.5gに相当する量の硝酸パラジウム水溶液、アルミナ(γ−Al2O3、BET比表面積200m2/g、平均一次粒径6μm)120gに水を加え、ボールミルにて湿式粉砕した。同様の操作を数回行い、合計1500gの水性スラリーを調製した。このスラリーを、断面積1平方インチ当り400個のセルを有するコージエライト製モノリスハニカム担体1リットルにウォッシュコートし、120℃で8時間乾燥したのち、500℃で1時間焼成を行ない、触媒Aを得た。得られた触媒Aの各成分の担持量は、モノリス担体1リットル当たり、白金2g、パラジウム0.5g、マグネシウム0.6gであった。
実施例1の方法において、マグネシウム0.6gに相当する量の酢酸マグネシウム四水和物の代わりに、マグネシウム1.2gに相当する量の酢酸マグネシウム四水和物を用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Bを得た。
実施例1の方法において、マグネシウム0.6gに相当する量の酢酸マグネシウム四水和物の代わりに、マグネシウム6gに相当する量の酢酸マグネシウム四水和物を用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Cを得た。
実施例1の方法において、マグネシウム0.6gに相当する量の酢酸マグネシウム四水和物の代わりに、カルシウム1.0gに相当する量の酢酸カルシウム一水和物を用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Dを得た。
実施例4の方法において、カルシウム1.0gに相当する量の酢酸カルシウム一水和物の代わりに、カルシウム2.0gに相当する量の酢酸カルシウム一水和物を用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Eを得た。
実施例4の方法において、カルシウム1.0gに相当する量の酢酸カルシウム一水和物の代わりに、カルシウム9.9gに相当する量の酢酸カルシウム一水和物を用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Fを得た。
実施例1の方法において、マグネシウム0.6gに相当する量の酢酸マグネシウム四水和物の代わりに、ストロンチウム2.2gに相当する量の酢酸ストロンチウム0.5水和物を用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Gを得た。
実施例7の方法において、ストロンチウム2.2gに相当する量の酢酸ストロンチウム0.5水和物の代わりに、ストロンチウム4.3gに相当する量の酢酸ストロンチウム0.5水和物を用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Hを得た。
実施例8の方法において、ストロンチウム2.2gに相当する量の酢酸ストロンチウム0.5水和物の代わりに、ストロンチウム21.6gに相当する量の酢酸ストロンチウム0.5水和物を用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Iを得た。
実施例1の方法において、マグネシウム0.6gに相当する量の酢酸マグネシウム四水和物の代わりに、バリウム3.4gに相当する量の酢酸バリウムを用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Jを得た。
実施例10の方法において、バリウム3.4gに相当する量の酢酸バリウムの代わりに、バリウム6.8gに相当する量の酢酸バリウムを用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Kを得た。
実施例10の方法において、バリウム3.4gに相当する量の酢酸バリウムの代わりに、バリウム33.9gに相当する量の酢酸バリウムを用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Lを得た。
実施例1の方法において、マグネシウム0.6gに相当する量の酢酸マグネシウム四水和物の代わりに、カリウム1.0gに相当する量の酢酸カリウムを用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Mを得た。
実施例13の方法において、カリウム1.0gに相当する量の酢酸カリウムの代わりに、カリウム1.9gに相当する量の酢酸カリウムを用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Nを得た。
実施例13の方法において、カリウム1.0gに相当する量の酢酸カリウムの代わりに、カリウム9.7gに相当する量の酢酸カリウムを用いた以外は、同様の方法で触媒Oを得た。
実施例1の方法において、酢酸マグネシウム四水和物を用いない以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で触媒Zを得た。
上記実施例および比較例で調製した触媒を、800℃で16時間空気中での焼成を行なった。
白金4.0gに相当する量のジニトロアンミン白金水溶液、マグネシウム1.3gに相当する量の酢酸マグネシウム四水和物、パラジウム1.0gに相当する量の硝酸パラジウム水溶液、アルミナ(γ−Al2O3、BET比表面積200m2/g、平均一次粒径6μm)140gに水を加え、ボールミルにて湿式粉砕した。同様の操作を数回行い、合計3500gの水性スラリーを調製した。このスラリーを、断面積1平方インチ当り400個のセルを有するコージエライト製モノリスハニカム担体2.47リットルにウォッシュコートし、120℃で8時間乾燥したのち、500℃で1時間焼成を行ない、触媒Pを得た。得られた触媒Pの各成分の担持量は、モノリス担体1リットル当たり、白金4.0g、パラジウム1.0g、マグネシウム1.3gであった。
実施例16の方法において、酢酸マグネシウム四水和物を用いない以外は、実施例16と同様の方法で触媒Z2を得た。
実施例16および比較例2で調製した触媒を、800℃で16時間空気中での焼成を行った。
Claims (14)
- 内燃機関排気ガス温度上昇用触媒を用いて該排気ガスを浄化する方法において、該内燃機関の排気通路内に該排気ガスの流れに沿って該温度上昇用触媒の上流側に該排気ガスに対してメタン換算で1,000〜40,000体積ppmの炭化水素を導入することを特徴とする内燃機関排気ガスの浄化方法。
- 該温度上昇用触媒が(a)白金、(b)マグネシウム、アルカリ土類金属およびアルカリ金属よりなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の金属の酸化物、および(c)パラジウムおよびロジウムよりなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種よりなる触媒活性成分(A)を、耐火性無機酸化物粉末(B)に担持させ、触媒活性成分担持無機酸化物粉末を耐火性三次元構造体に担持させたものである請求項1に記載の方法。
- マグネシウム、アルカリ土類金属およびアルカリ金属よりなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の金属がマグネシウム、カルシウム、バリウム、ストロンチウムおよびカリウムよりなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種である請求項2に記載の方法。
- 該耐火性無機酸化物が、アルミナ、アルミナ−シリカ、ジルコニア、チタニアおよびゼオライトよりなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種である請求項2または3に記載の方法。
- 該温度上昇用触媒における(b)中のマグネシウム、アルカリ土類金属またはアルカリ金属(b’)の白金(a)に対する質量比(b’)/(a)が0.2/1〜20/1である請求項2〜4のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 該温度上昇用触媒における(a)/(c)の質量比が20/1〜1/1である請求項5に記載の方法。
- 該炭化水素の導入温度が200〜350である請求項1〜6のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 該炭化水素の導入量が該排気ガスに対してメタン換算で5,000〜30,000体積ppmである請求項1〜7のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 該排気ガス温度上昇用触媒が排気ガス浄化能力を併せ持つものである請求項1〜8のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 該排気ガスの流れに対して排気ガス温度上昇用触媒の下流側に排気ガス浄化用触媒を設置してなる請求項1〜9のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 該排気ガス浄化用触媒がディーゼルパティキュレートフィルター、酸化触媒およびNOx吸蔵触媒よりなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種である請求項10に記載の方法。
- 該排気ガス温度上昇用触媒の三次元構造体がモノリスハニカム、プラグハニカムまたはペレットである請求項2に記載の方法。
- 排気ガスに対してメタン換算で1,000〜40,000体積ppmの炭化水素を導入する炭化水素供給装置と、(a)白金、(b)マグネシウム、アルカリ土類金属およびアルカリ金属よりなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の金属の酸化物および(c)パラジウムおよびロジウムよりなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種よりなる触媒活性成分(A)を、耐火性無機酸化物粉末(B)に担持させ、触媒活性成分担持無機酸化物粉末を耐火性三次元構造体に担持させた温度上昇用触媒と、を有することを特徴とする、内燃機関排気ガスの浄化システム。
- さらに、ディーゼルパティキュレートフィルター、酸化触媒およびNOx吸蔵触媒よりなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種を有する、請求項13に記載の浄化システム。
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US8943810B2 (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2015-02-03 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas purification system for an internal combustion engine |
US9254480B2 (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2016-02-09 | Umicore Shokubai Japan Co., Ltd. | Oxidation catalyst for exhaust gas purification, method for producing the same, and exhaust gas purification method using the same |
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US20140041370A1 (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-02-13 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Exhaust Treatment System for Internal Combustion Engine |
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US8418444B2 (en) | 2013-04-16 |
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JP2015045334A (ja) | 2015-03-12 |
EP2000639A1 (en) | 2008-12-10 |
TWI366625B (ja) | 2012-06-21 |
EP2000639A4 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
CN101410597A (zh) | 2009-04-15 |
WO2007114082A1 (ja) | 2007-10-11 |
JP6312210B2 (ja) | 2018-04-18 |
CN101410597B (zh) | 2011-07-27 |
JP5639337B2 (ja) | 2014-12-10 |
EP2000639B2 (en) | 2019-08-21 |
TW200736494A (en) | 2007-10-01 |
US20090107122A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
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