JPS6326373B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6326373B2 JPS6326373B2 JP53068764A JP6876478A JPS6326373B2 JP S6326373 B2 JPS6326373 B2 JP S6326373B2 JP 53068764 A JP53068764 A JP 53068764A JP 6876478 A JP6876478 A JP 6876478A JP S6326373 B2 JPS6326373 B2 JP S6326373B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- thin film
- amorphous
- electrochromic
- torr
- electrochromic device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEHEYIOYAJHPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium tungsten Chemical compound [Li].[W] PNEHEYIOYAJHPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/161—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
- C23C14/083—Oxides of refractory metals or yttrium
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
- G02F1/1524—Transition metal compounds
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6876478A JPS54160256A (en) | 1978-06-09 | 1978-06-09 | Electrochromatic element |
| FR7913844A FR2428270B1 (fr) | 1978-06-09 | 1979-05-30 | Procede de formation d'un film electrochrome et dispositif destine a utiliser ce film |
| US06/045,651 US4282272A (en) | 1978-06-09 | 1979-06-05 | Method for forming electrochromic film |
| DE19792923369 DE2923369A1 (de) | 1978-06-09 | 1979-06-08 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines elektrochromen films und verwendung desselben in einer elektrochromen einrichtung |
| GB7920098A GB2022620B (en) | 1978-06-09 | 1979-06-08 | Method for forming electrochromic film and electrochromic device using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6876478A JPS54160256A (en) | 1978-06-09 | 1978-06-09 | Electrochromatic element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS54160256A JPS54160256A (en) | 1979-12-18 |
| JPS6326373B2 true JPS6326373B2 (ru) | 1988-05-30 |
Family
ID=13383120
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6876478A Granted JPS54160256A (en) | 1978-06-09 | 1978-06-09 | Electrochromatic element |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4282272A (ru) |
| JP (1) | JPS54160256A (ru) |
| DE (1) | DE2923369A1 (ru) |
| FR (1) | FR2428270B1 (ru) |
| GB (1) | GB2022620B (ru) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9701869B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2017-07-11 | Southwest Research Institute | Superhydrophobic compositions and coating process for the internal surface of tubular structures |
| DE102014104997B4 (de) | 2014-03-21 | 2022-06-23 | J&L Tech Co., Ltd. | Verfahren zum Nitrieren von Innenoberflächen leitfähiger Hohlkörper oder gravierten Oberflächen mit Hohlkathodenentladung |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2828332C3 (de) * | 1978-06-28 | 1981-07-09 | Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen., 6500 Mainz | Elektrochrome Schichten mit erhöhter Kristallisationsbeständigkeit |
| US4325611A (en) * | 1979-12-26 | 1982-04-20 | Stanford University | Electrochromic material and electro-optical display using same |
| US4889414A (en) * | 1984-08-21 | 1989-12-26 | Eic Laboratories, Inc. | Light modulating device |
| IN170688B (ru) * | 1987-03-23 | 1992-05-02 | Mobil Oil Corp | |
| US5019420A (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1991-05-28 | Eic Laboratories, Inc. | Process for forming a reduced electrochromic layer in contact with an ion conducting oxide |
| FR2663021B1 (fr) * | 1990-06-11 | 1992-09-11 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Procede de preparation de couches minces d'oxydes de metaux de transition. |
| US5910854A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1999-06-08 | Donnelly Corporation | Electrochromic polymeric solid films, manufacturing electrochromic devices using such solid films, and processes for making such solid films and devices |
| DE69426040T2 (de) * | 1993-02-26 | 2001-05-17 | Donnelly Corp | Elektrochrome polymerische Festfilme, Herstellung elektrochromer Vorrichtungen mit solchen Filmen, und Verfahren zur Herstellung solcher Festfilme und Vorrichtungen |
| US5668663A (en) | 1994-05-05 | 1997-09-16 | Donnelly Corporation | Electrochromic mirrors and devices |
| US7370983B2 (en) | 2000-03-02 | 2008-05-13 | Donnelly Corporation | Interior mirror assembly with display |
| US7167796B2 (en) | 2000-03-09 | 2007-01-23 | Donnelly Corporation | Vehicle navigation system for use with a telematics system |
| US8084265B2 (en) * | 2001-05-05 | 2011-12-27 | Alliance for Sustianable Energy, LLC | Method and Pd/V2 O5 device for H2 detection |
| US7446924B2 (en) | 2003-10-02 | 2008-11-04 | Donnelly Corporation | Mirror reflective element assembly including electronic component |
| US7372610B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2008-05-13 | Sage Electrochromics, Inc. | Electrochromic devices and methods |
| WO2009002556A1 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2008-12-31 | Gentex Corporation | Electrochromic device having an improved fill port plug |
| US8345345B2 (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2013-01-01 | Gentex Corporation | Electrochromic device having an improved fill port plug |
| US9057925B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-06-16 | Gentex Corporation | Fill port plugs for electrochromic devices |
| US9454054B2 (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2016-09-27 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Electro-optic mirror element and process of making same |
| FR3105459B1 (fr) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-06-23 | Saint Gobain | Trempe thermique d’une electrode travail |
| CN114000119B (zh) * | 2021-10-31 | 2023-08-25 | 东莞市齐品光学有限公司 | 一种左右渐变色的镀膜装置和镀膜工艺 |
| CN115418616B (zh) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-02-10 | 广州市尤特新材料有限公司 | 一种电控变色玻璃用钨合金靶材及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3829196A (en) * | 1971-01-27 | 1974-08-13 | American Cyanamid Co | Variable light transmission device |
| US3978007A (en) * | 1971-12-09 | 1976-08-31 | American Cyanamid Company | Simple, bonded graphite counter electrode for EC devices |
| US3879108A (en) * | 1971-12-23 | 1975-04-22 | American Cyanamid Co | Electrochromic devices |
| JPS5277748A (en) * | 1975-12-24 | 1977-06-30 | Seiko Epson Corp | Solid display unit electrode |
| JPS5337050A (en) * | 1976-09-16 | 1978-04-05 | Sharp Corp | Driving system of display device |
| FR2421956A1 (fr) * | 1978-04-05 | 1979-11-02 | Anvar | Procede de fabrication d'un dispositif electrochrome par evaporation sous pression controlee et dispositif obtenu par ce procede |
| JPS54158249A (en) * | 1978-06-05 | 1979-12-13 | Toshiba Corp | Display cell |
-
1978
- 1978-06-09 JP JP6876478A patent/JPS54160256A/ja active Granted
-
1979
- 1979-05-30 FR FR7913844A patent/FR2428270B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1979-06-05 US US06/045,651 patent/US4282272A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1979-06-08 DE DE19792923369 patent/DE2923369A1/de active Granted
- 1979-06-08 GB GB7920098A patent/GB2022620B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9701869B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2017-07-11 | Southwest Research Institute | Superhydrophobic compositions and coating process for the internal surface of tubular structures |
| DE102014104997B4 (de) | 2014-03-21 | 2022-06-23 | J&L Tech Co., Ltd. | Verfahren zum Nitrieren von Innenoberflächen leitfähiger Hohlkörper oder gravierten Oberflächen mit Hohlkathodenentladung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2022620A (en) | 1979-12-19 |
| DE2923369C2 (ru) | 1987-12-17 |
| JPS54160256A (en) | 1979-12-18 |
| FR2428270A1 (fr) | 1980-01-04 |
| GB2022620B (en) | 1982-09-22 |
| US4282272A (en) | 1981-08-04 |
| FR2428270B1 (fr) | 1986-02-21 |
| DE2923369A1 (de) | 1979-12-20 |
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