JPS63176965A - Double effect air-cooling type water chiller and heater - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of industrial use] The present invention relates to a dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater.

In particular, the present invention relates to a dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater that uses water as a refrigerant and lithium bromide as an absorbent, and is suitable for operation even when the outside temperature rises abnormally.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, the water-cooled dual-effect absorption chiller that has been widely used has the problem of high costs for installation, maintenance, and water management of the cooling water system, including the cooling tower. The plane's U-departure proceeded rapidly.

Therefore, as an air-cooled absorption water chiller using water as a refrigerant and lithium bromide as an absorbent, for example, JP-A-61-4
A technique described in Japanese Patent No. 9970 was developed.

That is, the thing described in the publication has an absorber, a condenser,
It has a structure in which fins are provided outside the vertical tube so that it is cooled by air flow from a fan.

On the other hand, the internal temperature of the high-pressure regenerator is increased to increase the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant in the condenser, and the solution exiting the air-cooled absorber or the solution containing refrigerant vapor is treated with the supercooled refrigerant liquefied in the condenser. In other words, when the outside air dry bulb temperature is around 33°C, the pressure inside one machine is above atmospheric pressure, and the solution temperature is within a practical range. A dual-effect air-cooled absorption chiller-heater is provided.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

As mentioned above, for example, the technique described in JP-A-61-49970 uses an absorption cycle or an air-cooled absorber.

Special measures have been taken for the air-cooled condenser, but no consideration was taken when the outside temperature becomes abnormally cold.

Generally, the outside air dry-bulb temperature is 30.8°C in Tokyo, which is the monthly average of the maximum daytime temperature in summer, and the operation of the dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater using the above technology is n (capable).However, According to meteorological statistics, the maximum outside temperature during the sL period will rise to 38.4 degrees Celsius in Toba.If the outside temperature rises to !A?f like this, the solution temperature in the air-cooled absorber will rise. Become.

The pressure inside the machine (especially inside the high-pressure regenerator) becomes higher than atmospheric pressure,
However, there was a problem in that the refrigeration operation could not be performed when cooling was required. Furthermore, the temperature of the solution in the high-pressure regenerator becomes high, causing the problem of corrosion due to lithium bromide.

The present invention was made to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and even when the outside temperature rises abnormally, the solution temperature in the air-cooled absorber is lowered, and the pressure in the high-temperature regenerator is reduced to atmospheric pressure. The purpose is to provide a dual-effect air-cooled absorption chiller-heater that can continue to operate without exceeding the limit.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater according to the present invention includes an evaporator, an air-cooled absorber, an air-cooled condenser, a low-temperature regenerator, and a high-temperature regenerator.

Consisting of a solution heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, and a piping system that operatively connects these, the air-cooled absorber,
In a dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller-heater equipped with a fan that supplies cooling air to an air-cooled condenser, a heating electric current control aII#- is provided in the heat source supply system for the high-temperature regenerator to correspond to the temperature of the cooling air. [jiJ
12) A control means is provided.

In addition, I would like to add the idea behind developing the present invention.

It is as follows.

In a dual-effect air-cooled absorption chiller that uses water as a refrigerant and lithium bromide as an absorbent, the pressure inside the unit, especially the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator, is determined by the solution temperature inside the low-temperature regenerator. Determined by the refrigerant condensation temperature in the air-cooled condenser.

In addition, in the air-cooled type, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the cooling air is large, and when the amount of cooling is within a certain range, the pressure and temperature will drop to 11''. Therefore, by slightly reducing the amount of heating in the temperature regenerator, the difference in temperature of the cooling air between the inlet and the outlet becomes smaller. As a result, the solution temperature in the air-cooled absorber and the condensation temperature in the air-cooled condenser are reduced, so the low internal pressure has a double effect, and the internal pressure (pressure in the high-temperature regenerator) increases. significantly lower.

[Effect]

The above operation will be explained with reference to the solution 'a edge diagram in Figure 4.6 Figure 4 is a solution concentration diagram for a dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater, with absorption solution concentration as a parameter. , which shows an air-cooled absorption cycle, where the broken line shows the case where the heating amount control valve is not controlled, and the solid line shows the case where the heating amount control valve is controlled and the heating amount is reduced.

In FIG. 4, temperature is plotted on the horizontal axis, and the reference outside air temperature and air-cooled absorber solution temperature are shown. Also.

The vertical axis shows pressure, a pressure in the air cooling cycle,
Each equal pressure level of the condensing pressure and the internal force of the high temperature regenerator is shown by a dashed line. The diagonal dash-dotted line indicates the water saturation curve of the refrigerant.

If the heating amount control valve is not controlled, as the outside air temperature increases, the air-cooled condenser pressure will become the intersection point a between the condensation pressure level and the water saturation curve, and the corresponding solution temperature in the low-temperature regenerator will become b. . Than this.

The low-temperature regenerator heated steam condenses at a temperature higher by Δt, and its pressure becomes point C, so the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator exceeds atmospheric pressure.

On the other hand, when a heating amount control valve is provided to reduce the heating amount of one high-temperature regenerator, the amount of heat exchanged between the air-cooled absorber and the air-cooled condenser is reduced. As a result, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the cooling air becomes smaller, and the inlet and outlet temperatures of the air-cooled absorber and air-cooled condenser are lowered.6. As a result, the solution temperature inside the air-cooled absorber decreases, the condensing pressure decreases to a' in FIG. 4, and the corresponding solution temperature within the low temperature regenerator decreases to b'. In this way, when the heating amount of the high-temperature regenerator is reduced, the condensation pressure of the low-temperature regenerator-heated steam increases from C to C' due to the synergistic effect of the low solution concentration in the air-cooled absorber and the low condensation temperature. The pressure in the high-temperature regenerator rises above atmospheric pressure.

The heating amount control valve controls the heating amount of the high temperature regenerator.

This controls the steam generated in the high-temperature regenerator.
By providing an appropriate restriction, the condensation pressure of the low temperature regenerator heating steam can be lowered and the internal pressure can be maintained above atmospheric pressure.

The means for controlling the heating amount control valve is a pressure regulator that outputs a control signal according to detection signals such as the internal pressure of the product temperature regenerator, the condensed refrigerant liquid temperature, and the outside air temperature.

A temperature controller or the like is used.

〔Example〕

Each embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.6 First, FIG. It is a diagram.

In FIG. 1, 1 is an evaporator, 2 is a refrigerant pump, and 3 is a cold water pipe through which cold water passes.

4 is an air-cooled absorber, and this air-cooled absorber 4 has cooling fins 4b formed outside the vertical pipe 4a, and an upper header formed by a steam passage 5 at the top of the vertical pipe 4a.

This configuration includes an upper header 4c at the top of the vertical tube 4a.

6 is a solution pump, 7 is a solution heat exchanger, 10 is a high humidity regenerator, and 11 is a low temperature regeneration amount.

15 is an air-cooled condenser, and this air-cooled condenser 15 is connected to the vertical pipe 1.
Cooling fins 15b are formed outside the pipe 5a, an upper header formed by the steam passage 14 is provided at the upper part of the vertical pipe 15a, and an upper header 15c is provided at the upper part of the vertical pipe 15a.

The air-cooled absorber 4 and the air-cooled condenser 15 are air-cooled by the flow of outdoor air by a fan 20, and thick arrows in FIG. 1 indicate the flow direction of the cooling air.

The above-mentioned devices are operatively connected by refrigerant piping and solution piping to form a cycle.

21 is provided in the cold water pipe 3. A temperature sensor 22 that detects the temperature of the cold water is connected to the external heat source 12 for the high temperature regenerator 10.
A heating amount control valve installed in the supply pipeline.

23 is a pressure detector that detects the refrigerant vapor pressure in the high-temperature regenerator 10; 24 is a low selector that sends a control signal to the heating amount control valve; 25 is a control signal that sends a control signal according to the detection result of the temperature detector 21; The output temperature regulator 26 is a pressure regulator that outputs a t control signal according to the detection result of the pressure detector 23. These temperature detectors 21, 23 . Pressure detector 23. Temperature regulator 25. The pressure regulator 26 and the low selector 24 constitute a control means for controlling the opening and closing of the heating amount control valve 22, and their electrical connections are shown with broken lines in the figure.

Regarding the dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater having such a configuration, the basic cycle operation will first be explained.

The refrigerant (water) in the evaporator 1 is sprayed onto the cold water pipe 3 through which the cold water passes by the refrigerant pump 2, absorbs the heat of evaporation from the cold water, becomes low-pressure refrigerant vapor, and passes through the steam passage 5 to the air-cooled absorber 4.
flows into. The air-cooled absorber 4 is directly cooled by outside air by a fan 20, and the refrigerant vapor is absorbed into a concentrated lithium bromide solution that is sprayed from the upper header and flows through the vertical pipe 4a to become a dilute solution.

This diluted solution is sent out by a solution pump 6, passed through a solution heat exchanger 7, and then passed through diluted solution pipes 8 and 9 to a high temperature regenerator 1.
0. It is sent to the low temperature regenerator 11.

An external heat source 12 is supplied to the high temperature regenerator 10, and the furnace 10a
The heat generated during combustion concentrates the dilute solution, producing steam. This generated refrigerant vapor is transferred to the refrigerant pipe 1
The dilute solution in the low temperature regenerator 11 is heated and concentrated through the heat transfer tube section 13a of No. 3, and the refrigerant itself is condensed and liquefied to become a liquid refrigerant, which is sent to the upper header 15e of the air-cooled condenser 15.

Steam generated from the concentrated dilute solution in the low-temperature regenerator 11 passes through the steam passage 14 to the vertical pipe 15a of the air-cooled condenser 15.
Here, it is also cooled externally by the fan 20 to become a liquid refrigerant and flows from the upper header 15c to the refrigerant pipe 1.
6 and returns to the evaporator 1.

High temperature regenerator 10. The solutions concentrated in the low-temperature regenerator 11 pass through the solution heat exchanger 7 through the solution tubes 17 and 18, and then are sent to the upper header of the air-cooled absorber 4 via the concentrated solution tube 19, where they are dispersed and again undergo the absorption process. is repeated.

Next, the operation of the heating amount control valve and its control means will be explained.

During normal operation, the heating amount control valve 22 in the heat source supply pipe of the high temperature regenerator 10 is opened and closed in response to a detection signal from the temperature detector 21 in the cold water pipe 3 and a control signal from the temperature regulator 25. It is controlled to keep the chilled water temperature constant.

When the outside air temperature is particularly high, the solution temperature in the air-cooled absorber 4 rises, the solution concentration rises, the air-cooled condenser temperature rises, and the solution temperature in the low-temperature regenerator 11 rises, so the high-temperature regenerator 10 The internal pressure of increases.

When the internal pressure of the high temperature regenerator 10, that is, the refrigerant vapor pressure increases, the pressure regulator 26 receives a detection signal from the pressure detector 23.
outputs a signal that controls the heating amount control valve 22 in the closing direction. Low selector 24.

This signal is compared with the signal from the temperature controller 25, and a close signal is selected and output to the heating amount control valve 22.

When the amount of heating for the high pressure regenerator 10 is reduced.

Air-cooled absorber4. The amount of heat exchanged by the air-cooled condenser 15 is reduced.

Therefore, the solution temperature inside the air-cooled absorber 4 decreases, and the corresponding solution temperature within the low-temperature regenerator 11 decreases. Due to the synergistic effect of the low solution concentration in the air-cooled absorber 4 and the low condensation temperature, the condensation force of the low-temperature regenerator heating steam is significantly lowered, and the internal pressure of the high-temperature regenerator 10 is brought to the same level as atmospheric pressure. Do to do.

According to this embodiment, even when the outside temperature is particularly high, the solution temperature in the air-cooled absorber 4 can be lowered and the pressure in the high-temperature regenerator 10 can be maintained below atmospheric pressure Ik:, and the refrigeration operation can be continued. Can continue.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 2 is a cycle system diagram of a dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Components with the same reference numerals as those in the figures are equivalent to those in the previous embodiment, so their explanation will be omitted.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 27 denotes a temperature detector that detects the condensed refrigerant temperature at the low-temperature regenerator intake of the heat transfer tube section 13a that heats the solution in the low-temperature regenerator 11.

28 is a temperature regulator that outputs a control signal according to the detection result of the temperature detector 27.

Condensed refrigerant temperature changed by refrigerant pipe 13 and high temperature regenerator 10
Since there is a one-to-one correspondence with the refrigerant vapor pressure in , exactly the same effect as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 can be expected.

Similarly, although not shown in the diagram, a pressure detector may be provided to detect the condensed refrigerant pressure in the air-cooled condenser, and the heating amount control valve may be opened and closed based on the output signal of the pressure regulator that operates according to the detection result. good.

Next, the 315th! Still another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cycle system diagram of a dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Components with the same reference numerals as those in the drawings are the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and therefore their explanations will be omitted.

In FIG. 3, 29 is a temperature detector that detects the outside air temperature.

When the outside temperature becomes abnormally high, the temperature detector 29
Detects the outside temperature and activates the high temperature regenerator 1 when it exceeds a certain temperature.
A signal for controlling the heating amount control valve 22 in the opening direction is output.

According to this embodiment, since the amount of heating to the high temperature regenerator 10 is controlled in accordance with the outside air humidity corresponding to the cooling air by the fan 20, it is completely similar to the embodiments shown in FIGS. You can expect good results.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, when the outside temperature is abnormally 1.
- It is possible to provide a dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller-heater that can raise the solution temperature in the air-cooled absorber and continue operation without causing the pressure in the high-temperature regenerator to exceed atmospheric pressure even when the temperature rises. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cycle system diagram of a dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cycle diagram. A cycle system diagram of a dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. The system diagram, FIG. 4, is a solution concentration diagram of a dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater. 1... Evaporator, 2... Refrigerant pump, 4... Air-cooled absorber. 6... Solution pump, 7... Solution heat exchanger, 10...
- High-temperature regenerator, 11...low-temperature regenerator, 15...air-cooled condenser. 20...Fan, 22...Heating amount control valve, 23...
・Nokami blade detector, 25.28...Temperature regulator, 26・
...Pressure regulator, 21, 27, 29...Temperature detector. Tomi 1 diagram v 3 Mutual 4 Encirclement - Ippenkumi

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Consists of an evaporator, an air-cooled absorber, an air-cooled condenser, a low-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature regenerator, a solution heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, and a piping system that operatively connects these. In the dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller-heater equipped with a fan that supplies cooling air to the air-cooled absorber and the air-cooled condenser, a heating amount control valve is provided in the heat source supply system for the high-temperature regenerator, A dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater, characterized in that it is provided with a control means for opening and closing the heating amount control valve in accordance with the temperature. 2. In the device described in claim 1, the control means for opening and closing the heating amount control valve includes at least a pressure detector that detects the refrigerant vapor pressure in the high-temperature regenerator, and operates according to the detection result. A dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater that is equipped with a pressure regulator and a pressure regulator. 3. In the device described in claim 1, the control means for opening and closing the heating amount control valve includes at least a pressure detector that detects the condensed refrigerant pressure in the air-cooled condenser, and operates according to the detection result. A dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater that is equipped with a pressure regulator and a pressure regulator. 4. In the device described in claim 1, the control means for opening and closing the heating amount control valve includes at least a temperature detector that detects the condensed refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the low-temperature regenerator, and operates according to the detection result. A dual-effect air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater that is equipped with a temperature controller and a temperature controller. 5. In the device described in claim 1, the control means for opening and closing the heating amount control valve includes at least a temperature detector that detects the temperature of the cooling air by the fan, and a temperature sensor that operates according to the detection result. A dual-effect air-cooled absorption chiller/heater that is equipped with a regulator.