JPS6159763B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6159763B2 JPS6159763B2 JP53133156A JP13315678A JPS6159763B2 JP S6159763 B2 JPS6159763 B2 JP S6159763B2 JP 53133156 A JP53133156 A JP 53133156A JP 13315678 A JP13315678 A JP 13315678A JP S6159763 B2 JPS6159763 B2 JP S6159763B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- polymer
- membrane
- formula
- compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 42
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLLXMBCBJGATSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenol Chemical compound OC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XLLXMBCBJGATSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N mono-hydroxyphenyl-ethylene Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 28
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 12
- -1 methylol compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- FUGYGGDSWSUORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-hydroxystyrene Natural products OC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 FUGYGGDSWSUORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Natural products OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfonic acid Substances OS(Cl)(=O)=O XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005727 Friedel-Crafts reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- ALIQZUMMPOYCIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-disulfonyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=C1 ALIQZUMMPOYCIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JXCHMDATRWUOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisocyanatomethylbenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(N=C=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JXCHMDATRWUOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007350 electrophilic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002755 poly(epichlorohydrin) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920013730 reactive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSEMNCKHWQEMTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl-2-nitrobenzene Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C([N+](=O)[O-])=CC(S(=O)(=O)C=2C=C(C(Cl)=CC=2)[N+]([O-])=O)=C1 YSEMNCKHWQEMTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBIIMKXYESADTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxy-2-phenylethenol Chemical compound COC(O)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 GBIIMKXYESADTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWAWZFNQHTTXAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylprop-1-en-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 CWAWZFNQHTTXAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWYFZTJDIQALEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C(C=C)=C1 GWYFZTJDIQALEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNCADMBVWNPPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,2-n,4-n,4-n,6-n,6-n-hexakis(methoxymethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound COCN(COC)C1=NC(N(COC)COC)=NC(N(COC)COC)=N1 BNCADMBVWNPPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XWEBTVZIZWEJOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chlorosulfonylbenzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=C1 XWEBTVZIZWEJOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGHCKCSKKHBRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenylprop-2-ene-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 VGGHCKCSKKHBRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPAPPPVRLPGFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 GPAPPPVRLPGFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004934 Dacron® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBIRAKKLTMOJJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(CCl)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound OC(CCl)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FBIRAKKLTMOJJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGCOKJWKWLYHTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [[4,6-bis[bis(hydroxymethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]-(hydroxymethyl)amino]methanol Chemical compound OCN(CO)C1=NC(N(CO)CO)=NC(N(CO)CO)=N1 YGCOKJWKWLYHTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003668 acetyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(=O)O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC(C(Cl)=O)=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRQGCQVOJVTVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(chloromethyl) ether Chemical compound ClCOCCl HRQGCQVOJVTVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SZDVDUDLIIZMKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;pyridine Chemical compound [Cu].C1=CC=NC=C1.C1=CC=NC=C1.C1=CC=NC=C1.C1=CC=NC=C1.C1=CC=NC=C1.C1=CC=NC=C1 SZDVDUDLIIZMKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonaldehyde Chemical compound C\C=C\C=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N crotonaldehyde Natural products CC=CC=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001987 diarylethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WVJOGYWFVNTSAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylol ethylene urea Chemical compound OCN1CCN(CO)C1=O WVJOGYWFVNTSAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006575 electron-withdrawing group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007336 electrophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004184 methoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxymethurea Chemical group OCNC(=O)NCO QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005308 oxymethurea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenolate Chemical compound [O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940031826 phenolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/28—Polymers of vinyl aromatic compounds
- B01D71/281—Polystyrene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/28—Polymers of vinyl aromatic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/125—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Description
æ¬çºæã¯é浞éçšè€åèããã³ãã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã«
é¢ãããæŽã«è©³çŽ°ã«ã¯ã埮å€åæ§é«ååæ¯æèäž
ã«èèã圢æããããé«ãéžæééæ§åã³éæ°Žæ§
ã«å ããŠèè¬åæ§ã»èç±æ§ã»èãã¯ããªã¢æ§çã«
åªããæ°èŠãªé浞éçšè€åèã«é¢ãããã®ã§ã
ãã åœåãããŠãåã³ã¹ãªã©ãžã€ã³ãã«ããéçºã
ããé ¢é žã»ã«ããŒã¹ç³»é浞éèããã®ããããåº
æ¬æ§èœãšè£œé ã®å®¹æãã®æ ã«åºãçšããããŠã
ããããããªãããé ¢é žã»ã«ããŒã¹ç³»èã¯é žã»ã¢
ã«ã«ãªçã«ããå æ°Žå解æ§ã»ãã¯ããªã¢ã«ããå
解å£åæ§åã³å§å¯æ§çã®åé¡ç¹ãæããã«ãªãã
ãããæ¬ ç¹ã解決ããçºãåæé«ååã«ããé浞
éçšèãçš®ã ææ¡ãããŠããããããã®äžã§çŸåš
å®çšåãããŠããããŠãã³ç€Ÿã®å šè³éŠæããªã¢ã
ãã¯ãèå æ°Žå解æ§ã»èãã¯ããªã¢å解æ§çã¯å€§
ããåäžãããã®ã®ãåºæ¬æ§èœã®é¢ã¯é ¢é žã»ã«ã
ãŒã¹ãåé§ãããã®ã§ã¯ãªããèå§å¯æ§ïŒèè¬å
æ§çã®åé¡ç¹ã¯äŸç¶æªè§£æ±ºã®ãŸãŸã§ãã€ãããã
ãã®èã¯ããããçžåé¢æ³ãšããããæ¹æ³ã§èª¿æŽ
ãããäžå質èãšåŒã°ãããã®ã§ãåé¢ã«é¢äžã
ãå質局ãšèã®åŒ·åºŠä¿æçã«é¢ä¿ããå€å質局ã
åäžçŽ æãããªã€ãŠããã ãšããããããããå€å質局ãå¥çŽ æã§èª¿æŽã
ãŠããããã®äžã§èŠªæ°Žæ§ããªããŒãšæ¶æ©å€ãåå¿
ããããæ¶æ©äžæº¶åããèèäžã®åé¢å±€ã圢æã
ããããšãã補èæ¹æ³ãææ¡ãããåºæ¬æ§èœã®å
äžã«å ããŠèå æ°Žå解æ§ïŒèãã¯ããªã¢å解æ§ïŒ
èå§å¯æ§çã«å€§ããªæ¹åãè¡ãåŸãããšã瀺åã
ãããããŒã¹ã»ã¹ã¿ãŒç 究æã§ã¯ããã芪氎æ§å
å¿æ§ããªããŒãšããŠããªãšãã¬ã³ã€ãã³ããåæ¶
æ©å€ãšããŠã€ãœãã¿ã«é žã¯ãã©ã€ãããã«ã€ã¬ã³
ãžã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒãã®åŠãããªé žã¯ãã©ã€ãåã¯ã
ãªã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒããçšããŠãã®å¯èœæ§ãå®çŸãã
ããããšãç«èšŒãããããã®å Žå圢æãããæ¶æ©
å±€ãéåžžã«åŒ±ãããã®ã¹ãã€ã©ã«ã¢ãžãŠãŒã«ã®åœ¢
æ ã«ã¯ããªãé£ããã®ã§ããäºãå€æããã ãã®æ¬ ç¹ãæ¹åããçºã«ããŠãããŒãµã«ãªã€ã«
ããã¿ã¯ã瀟ã§ã¯ãã¢ãã³å€åœ¢ããªãšãã¯ãã«ã
ããªã³ã芪氎æ§ã»åå¿æ§ããªããŒãšããŠçšããäº
ã«ããäžèšã®æ¬ ç¹ãå æãããããè€åèã®ã¹ã
ã€ã©ã«ã¢ãžãŠãŒã«åã«æåãããããããªããã
ãããã¢ãã³å€æ§ããªãšãã¯ãã«ãããªã³ã¯è£œé
ãéåžžã«é£ãããããã€åçŸæ§ããå®å®ãªæ§èœã
åºããšããç¹ã«ãããŠãåé¡ããã€ãããŸããã
ãã®èã¯æŽ»æ§å±€äžã«å€æ°ã®ã«ããªã³æ§åºãå«æã
ãŠããçºãé浞éæ³ã§åŠçããæ°Žäžã«ã¢ããªã³ç
é¢æŽ»æ§å€ãå«æãããå Žåã«ã¯ãããã«ãã€ãŠæ§
èœãé»å®³ãããçã®å®çšäžã®åé¡ãããããšãå€
æãããã«ããªãŒã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã¯ããšããŒã«ã
ã«ã ã¢ã«ãããæš¹èã®å¯æº¶æ§åé§äœãå€åèäžã§
ç¡«é žçã®é žè§Šåªã«ãã€ãŠæ¶æ©ããããè€åèã®æ€
èšããããŒã¹ã»ã¹ã¿ãŒç 究æã§è¡ãªãããããã
ããã®å Žåã«ã¯ãæ¶æ©åã®æŽ»æ§è圢ææãäœåå
éã®ãã®ã§ããçºã«å åãªç¡¬ååå¿ãè¡ãªããã
çºã«ã¯ãã³ããåå¿æ¡ä»¶ãå¿ èŠãªäºãå圢æãã
ãèã¯ç¡¬ããã®ã§ããçºã«èãšããŠããããã®ã«
ãªãæãäºçã®å®çšäžã®å€§ããªæ¬ ç¹ãååšããã
ããã§æ¬çºæè çã¯ãäžèšã®åŠãæ¬ ç¹ã®ãªãå®çš
çã«ããããè€åèãåŸã¹ãéæç 究ããçµæã
æ¬çºæã«å°éãããã®ã§ããã ããã
å³ã¡æ¬çºæã¯ã ïŒ äžèšåŒïŒïŒ äœããåŒäžïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ããïœã¯ïŒåã¯ïŒ
ãïŒã®æŽæ°ãè¡šããïœïŒïœâŠïŒãæºè¶³ãããã®ã§
ãããïœãïŒãïŒïŒå³ã¡ïŒ²ãååšããïŒã®å Žå
ã¯ãã¯ãã¡ããå®æ°ã®ãã©çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏpïŒã
ãã¡ã¿çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏnïŒãæžããå·®ïŒÏpâÏnïŒ
ãè² ã§ããé»åäŸäžæ§åºã§ãã€ãŠã第ïŒçŽåã³ç¬¬
ïŒçŽã¢ããåºä»¥å€ã®ãã®ãè¡šããããŸããRâ²ã¯
æ°ŽçŽ åååã¯ã¡ãã«åºãè¡šããã ã§è¡šããããããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœã
å šç¹°è¿ãåäœäžã®å°ãªããšã30ã¢ã«ïŒ å«æããé
åäœã§ãã€ãŠãæ°ŽåãŽãæ°Žãšä»»æã®å²åã§æ··åã
ãã沞ç¹120â以äžã®ææ©æ¥µæ§æº¶åªãããªã溶åª
矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®é¡ãããªã溶åªã«
0.1ïœïŒ100ml以äžæº¶è§£ãããšããã®ããããã·ã¹
ãã¬ã³ç³»éåäœ(A)ããäž»ãšããŠãªãèèãã埮å€
åæ§æ¯æèäžã«ãŠãäžèšæ§é åŒïŒïŒäžã®
é¢ãããæŽã«è©³çŽ°ã«ã¯ã埮å€åæ§é«ååæ¯æèäž
ã«èèã圢æããããé«ãéžæééæ§åã³éæ°Žæ§
ã«å ããŠèè¬åæ§ã»èç±æ§ã»èãã¯ããªã¢æ§çã«
åªããæ°èŠãªé浞éçšè€åèã«é¢ãããã®ã§ã
ãã åœåãããŠãåã³ã¹ãªã©ãžã€ã³ãã«ããéçºã
ããé ¢é žã»ã«ããŒã¹ç³»é浞éèããã®ããããåº
æ¬æ§èœãšè£œé ã®å®¹æãã®æ ã«åºãçšããããŠã
ããããããªãããé ¢é žã»ã«ããŒã¹ç³»èã¯é žã»ã¢
ã«ã«ãªçã«ããå æ°Žå解æ§ã»ãã¯ããªã¢ã«ããå
解å£åæ§åã³å§å¯æ§çã®åé¡ç¹ãæããã«ãªãã
ãããæ¬ ç¹ã解決ããçºãåæé«ååã«ããé浞
éçšèãçš®ã ææ¡ãããŠããããããã®äžã§çŸåš
å®çšåãããŠããããŠãã³ç€Ÿã®å šè³éŠæããªã¢ã
ãã¯ãèå æ°Žå解æ§ã»èãã¯ããªã¢å解æ§çã¯å€§
ããåäžãããã®ã®ãåºæ¬æ§èœã®é¢ã¯é ¢é žã»ã«ã
ãŒã¹ãåé§ãããã®ã§ã¯ãªããèå§å¯æ§ïŒèè¬å
æ§çã®åé¡ç¹ã¯äŸç¶æªè§£æ±ºã®ãŸãŸã§ãã€ãããã
ãã®èã¯ããããçžåé¢æ³ãšããããæ¹æ³ã§èª¿æŽ
ãããäžå質èãšåŒã°ãããã®ã§ãåé¢ã«é¢äžã
ãå質局ãšèã®åŒ·åºŠä¿æçã«é¢ä¿ããå€å質局ã
åäžçŽ æãããªã€ãŠããã ãšããããããããå€å質局ãå¥çŽ æã§èª¿æŽã
ãŠããããã®äžã§èŠªæ°Žæ§ããªããŒãšæ¶æ©å€ãåå¿
ããããæ¶æ©äžæº¶åããèèäžã®åé¢å±€ã圢æã
ããããšãã補èæ¹æ³ãææ¡ãããåºæ¬æ§èœã®å
äžã«å ããŠèå æ°Žå解æ§ïŒèãã¯ããªã¢å解æ§ïŒ
èå§å¯æ§çã«å€§ããªæ¹åãè¡ãåŸãããšã瀺åã
ãããããŒã¹ã»ã¹ã¿ãŒç 究æã§ã¯ããã芪氎æ§å
å¿æ§ããªããŒãšããŠããªãšãã¬ã³ã€ãã³ããåæ¶
æ©å€ãšããŠã€ãœãã¿ã«é žã¯ãã©ã€ãããã«ã€ã¬ã³
ãžã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒãã®åŠãããªé žã¯ãã©ã€ãåã¯ã
ãªã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒããçšããŠãã®å¯èœæ§ãå®çŸãã
ããããšãç«èšŒãããããã®å Žå圢æãããæ¶æ©
å±€ãéåžžã«åŒ±ãããã®ã¹ãã€ã©ã«ã¢ãžãŠãŒã«ã®åœ¢
æ ã«ã¯ããªãé£ããã®ã§ããäºãå€æããã ãã®æ¬ ç¹ãæ¹åããçºã«ããŠãããŒãµã«ãªã€ã«
ããã¿ã¯ã瀟ã§ã¯ãã¢ãã³å€åœ¢ããªãšãã¯ãã«ã
ããªã³ã芪氎æ§ã»åå¿æ§ããªããŒãšããŠçšããäº
ã«ããäžèšã®æ¬ ç¹ãå æãããããè€åèã®ã¹ã
ã€ã©ã«ã¢ãžãŠãŒã«åã«æåãããããããªããã
ãããã¢ãã³å€æ§ããªãšãã¯ãã«ãããªã³ã¯è£œé
ãéåžžã«é£ãããããã€åçŸæ§ããå®å®ãªæ§èœã
åºããšããç¹ã«ãããŠãåé¡ããã€ãããŸããã
ãã®èã¯æŽ»æ§å±€äžã«å€æ°ã®ã«ããªã³æ§åºãå«æã
ãŠããçºãé浞éæ³ã§åŠçããæ°Žäžã«ã¢ããªã³ç
é¢æŽ»æ§å€ãå«æãããå Žåã«ã¯ãããã«ãã€ãŠæ§
èœãé»å®³ãããçã®å®çšäžã®åé¡ãããããšãå€
æãããã«ããªãŒã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã¯ããšããŒã«ã
ã«ã ã¢ã«ãããæš¹èã®å¯æº¶æ§åé§äœãå€åèäžã§
ç¡«é žçã®é žè§Šåªã«ãã€ãŠæ¶æ©ããããè€åèã®æ€
èšããããŒã¹ã»ã¹ã¿ãŒç 究æã§è¡ãªãããããã
ããã®å Žåã«ã¯ãæ¶æ©åã®æŽ»æ§è圢ææãäœåå
éã®ãã®ã§ããçºã«å åãªç¡¬ååå¿ãè¡ãªããã
çºã«ã¯ãã³ããåå¿æ¡ä»¶ãå¿ èŠãªäºãå圢æãã
ãèã¯ç¡¬ããã®ã§ããçºã«èãšããŠããããã®ã«
ãªãæãäºçã®å®çšäžã®å€§ããªæ¬ ç¹ãååšããã
ããã§æ¬çºæè çã¯ãäžèšã®åŠãæ¬ ç¹ã®ãªãå®çš
çã«ããããè€åèãåŸã¹ãéæç 究ããçµæã
æ¬çºæã«å°éãããã®ã§ããã ããã
å³ã¡æ¬çºæã¯ã ïŒ äžèšåŒïŒïŒ äœããåŒäžïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ããïœã¯ïŒåã¯ïŒ
ãïŒã®æŽæ°ãè¡šããïœïŒïœâŠïŒãæºè¶³ãããã®ã§
ãããïœãïŒãïŒïŒå³ã¡ïŒ²ãååšããïŒã®å Žå
ã¯ãã¯ãã¡ããå®æ°ã®ãã©çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏpïŒã
ãã¡ã¿çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏnïŒãæžããå·®ïŒÏpâÏnïŒ
ãè² ã§ããé»åäŸäžæ§åºã§ãã€ãŠã第ïŒçŽåã³ç¬¬
ïŒçŽã¢ããåºä»¥å€ã®ãã®ãè¡šããããŸããRâ²ã¯
æ°ŽçŽ åååã¯ã¡ãã«åºãè¡šããã ã§è¡šããããããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœã
å šç¹°è¿ãåäœäžã®å°ãªããšã30ã¢ã«ïŒ å«æããé
åäœã§ãã€ãŠãæ°ŽåãŽãæ°Žãšä»»æã®å²åã§æ··åã
ãã沞ç¹120â以äžã®ææ©æ¥µæ§æº¶åªãããªã溶åª
矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®é¡ãããªã溶åªã«
0.1ïœïŒ100ml以äžæº¶è§£ãããšããã®ããããã·ã¹
ãã¬ã³ç³»éåäœ(A)ããäž»ãšããŠãªãèèãã埮å€
åæ§æ¯æèäžã«ãŠãäžèšæ§é åŒïŒïŒäžã®
ãåŒãæ§é éšåãšïŒå®èœæ§ä»¥äžã«åå¿ã
ããååç©ïŒB1ïŒã§æ¶æ©ããŠãªãéžæééæ§è€å
èã§ãããå ïŒ äžèšåŒïŒïŒ äœããåŒäžïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ããïœã¯ïŒåã¯ïŒ
ãïŒã®æŽæ°ãè¡šããïœïŒïœâŠïŒãæºè¶³ãããã®ã§
ãããïœãïŒãïŒïŒå³ã¡ïŒ²ãååšããïŒã®å Žå
ã¯ãã¯ãã¡ããå®æ°ã®ãã©çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏpïŒã
ãã¡ã¿çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏnïŒãæžããå·®ïŒÏpâÏnïŒ
ãè² ã§ããé»åäŸäžæ§åºã§ãã€ãŠã第ïŒçŽåã³ç¬¬
ïŒçŽã¢ããåºä»¥å€ã®ãã®ãè¡šããããŸããRâ²ã¯
æ°ŽçŽ åååã¯ã¡ãã«åºãè¡šããã ã§è¡šããããããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœã
å šç¹°è¿ãåäœäžã®å°ãªããšã30ã¢ã«ïŒ å«æããé
åäœã§ãã€ãŠãæ°Žåã³ãæ°Žãšä»»æã®å²åã§æ··åã
ãã沞ç¹120â以äžã®ææ©æ¥µæ§æº¶åªãããªã溶åª
矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®é¡ãããªã溶åªã«
0.1ïœïŒ100ml以äžæº¶è§£ãããšããã®ããããã·ã¹
ãã¬ã³ç³»éåäœ(A)ãšãå®è³ªçã«äžèšæº¶åªçŸ€ããéž
ã°ãã溶åªãããªã補èã«çšãã埮å€åæ§æ¯æè
ãå®è³ªçã«ããããªã溶åªç³»ïŒC1ïŒãšãããªã溶
液ãã 埮å€åæ§æ¯æèã«å¡åžåã¯å«æµžãããå¿ èŠã«å¿
ããŠè©²æº¶åªã®äžéšåã¯å€§éšåãèžçºããããåŸïŒ
ããããŠåŸãããèç¶ç©ãïŒããïŒa1ïŒäžèšæ§é
åŒïŒïŒäžã®
èã§ãããå ïŒ äžèšåŒïŒïŒ äœããåŒäžïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ããïœã¯ïŒåã¯ïŒ
ãïŒã®æŽæ°ãè¡šããïœïŒïœâŠïŒãæºè¶³ãããã®ã§
ãããïœãïŒãïŒïŒå³ã¡ïŒ²ãååšããïŒã®å Žå
ã¯ãã¯ãã¡ããå®æ°ã®ãã©çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏpïŒã
ãã¡ã¿çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏnïŒãæžããå·®ïŒÏpâÏnïŒ
ãè² ã§ããé»åäŸäžæ§åºã§ãã€ãŠã第ïŒçŽåã³ç¬¬
ïŒçŽã¢ããåºä»¥å€ã®ãã®ãè¡šããããŸããRâ²ã¯
æ°ŽçŽ åååã¯ã¡ãã«åºãè¡šããã ã§è¡šããããããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœã
å šç¹°è¿ãåäœäžã®å°ãªããšã30ã¢ã«ïŒ å«æããé
åäœã§ãã€ãŠãæ°Žåã³ãæ°Žãšä»»æã®å²åã§æ··åã
ãã沞ç¹120â以äžã®ææ©æ¥µæ§æº¶åªãããªã溶åª
矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®é¡ãããªã溶åªã«
0.1ïœïŒ100ml以äžæº¶è§£ãããšããã®ããããã·ã¹
ãã¬ã³ç³»éåäœ(A)ãšãå®è³ªçã«äžèšæº¶åªçŸ€ããéž
ã°ãã溶åªãããªã補èã«çšãã埮å€åæ§æ¯æè
ãå®è³ªçã«ããããªã溶åªç³»ïŒC1ïŒãšãããªã溶
液ãã 埮å€åæ§æ¯æèã«å¡åžåã¯å«æµžãããå¿ èŠã«å¿
ããŠè©²æº¶åªã®äžéšåã¯å€§éšåãèžçºããããåŸïŒ
ããããŠåŸãããèç¶ç©ãïŒããïŒa1ïŒäžèšæ§é
åŒïŒïŒäžã®
ãåŒãæ§é éšåãšïŒå®èœæ§
以äžã«åå¿ãããååç©ïŒB1ïŒã®å°ãªããšãäžçš®
åã³èŠããã°è©²åå¿ã®è§ŠåªïŒB2ïŒãã該ååç©
ïŒB1ïŒã«å¯ŸããŠå®è³ªçã«äžæŽ»æ§ã§ãããåèšéå
äœ(A)åã³åŸ®å€åæ§æ¯æèãæ¿ãã浞ãããäžã€æ²ž
ç¹ã120â以äžã§ãã溶åªã«å ããŠãªã溶液
ïŒC2ïŒã«æµžæŒ¬ãããããïŒa2ïŒè©²ååç©ïŒB1ïŒã®ã¬ã¹
ç¶ç©ãšæ¥è§ŠããïŒããã«å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠç±åŠçãã
ãã ãã 該ååç©ïŒB1ïŒã®å°ãªããšãäžçš®ãåã³
èŠããã°è©²è§ŠåªïŒB2ïŒãå ãã溶åªã§å¡åžåã¯
å«æµžããããåŸãç±åŠçãã äºãç¹åŸŽãšããéžæééæ§è€åèã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæã«ãããåŒããã§è¡šããããããªãã
ããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœäžã®ããããã·ã«åºã¯ã
é浞éèãšããŠå¿ èŠãªæ°ŽçŽ çµåèœãæãã芪氎æ§
ãä»äžããã°ããã§ãªãããããçµåããŠããè³
éŠè©²ã«é»åãäžããæ±é»åè©Šè¬ã«å¯Ÿããåå¿æ§ã
é«ããäžã€ããããã·ã«åºèªèº«ãããçš®ã®æ±é»å
è©Šè¬ãšå®¹æã«åå¿ããæ§è³ªãæããããã«ãå®æœ
容æãªåºç¯ãªæ¶æ©åå¿ãé©çšå¯èœã§ããã容æã«
å®çšæ§ã®åªããæ¶æ©è€åèãäžããã®ã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããéåäœ(A)ã«ããããããã
ã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœïŒåŒããïŒã«ãããïœã¯ïŒ
ãïŒã®æŽæ°ããšããããã補é ã®å®¹æããåŸãã
ãéåäœã®å®å®æ§ãèæ ®ãããšïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ç¹ã«
ãããã
ïŒã奜ãŸããã åŒããäžã®ïŒ²ã¯åè¿°ããæ žççŽ ãããããã·
ã«åºã®é žçŽ ã«å¯Ÿããæ±æ žçœ®æåå¿ã倧ããé»å®³ã
ãäœçšãæãããããåºïŒã·ã¢ãåºïŒã¢ã»ãã«åº
çã®åŠãããã¡ããå®æ°ã®ãã©çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏpïŒ
ããã¡ã¿çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏnïŒãæžããå·®ïŒÏpâÏ
nïŒãæ£ã§ãã匷é»ååžåŒåºã¯ååšããŠã¯ãªã
ããäžèšå·®ïŒÏpâÏnïŒãè² ãšãªãé»åäŸäžæ§åº
ã§ãªããŠã¯ãªããªããããã眮æåºã®æ°ã¯æ±é»å
眮æåå¿ã«é¢äžãããæ žççŽ ååãå°ãªããšãïŒ
åååšãããçºã«ã¯ïŒä»¥äžã§ãªããŠã¯ãªããªã
ããïŒä»¥äžã奜ãŸãããããã眮æåºïŒ²ã¯ãäžèš
æ±é»åæ¶æ©åå¿ã«é¢äžããããã®ã§ãã€ãŠãå·®æ¯
ããªãã 奜é©ãªçœ®æåºïŒ²ãšããŠã¯ãã¡ãã«åºïŒãšãã«åº
çã®äœçŽã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒã¡ããã·åºïŒãšããã·åºç
ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒã¢ã»ããã·åºçã®ã«ã«ãã«ã³ã
ã·åºïŒå¡©çŽ ïŒèçŽ çã®ããã²ã³ååïŒã¯ãã«ã¡ã
ã«åºïŒã¡ãããŒã«åºïŒã¡ããã·ã¡ãã«åºçã®çœ®æ
ã¡ãã«åºçããããããšãã§ããã åãRâ²ãšããŠã¯äœçŽã¢ã«ãã«åºãšãªããã
ããæ°ŽçŽ ååã§ããããšã奜ãŸããã ãããããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœäžã§ã
奜é©ãªãã®ãšããŠã次ã®åŠããã®ãæããããšã
ã§ããã (âa) ãªã«ãïŒã¡ã¿ãŒåã¯ãã©ãŒããããã·ã¹
ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ (âb) èçŽ åããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ (âc) å¡©çŽ åããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ (âd) ããã«ãã€ããããã³æ§é åäœ (âe) ïœâã¡ãã«ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ (âf) ã¡ããã·ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ (âg) ã¡ãã«ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ (âh) ã¯ãã«ã¡ãã«ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é
åäœ (âb) ããããã·ã¡ãã«ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³
æ§é åäœ ä»¥äžã®äžã§ããïŒâïœïŒã®ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³
æ§é åäœãšïŒâïœïŒã®èçŽ åããããã·ã¹ãã¬
ã³æ§é åäœãæããéåäœã¯åæ¥çã«å ¥æãå¯èœ
ã§ããããã®ç¹ã§æå©ã«äœ¿çšãããã ãããããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœãæããé
åäœ(A)ã¯ãåäžæ§é ãæããäžé£œåååç©ã®éå
ãããã
ã«ãã€ãŠåŸãäºãåºæ¥ãããåé§æ§é ãæããé
åäœããé«åååå¿ã«ãã€ãŠåŸãäºãåºæ¥ããäŸ
ãã°ã¹ã«ãã³åããªã¹ãã¬ã³ãããã²ã³åããªã¹
ãã¬ã³ãã¢ã«ã«ãªã§å æ°Žå解ããæ¹æ³ïŒã¢ã«ã³ã
ã·ããªã¹ãã¬ã³ã®å æ°Žå解ã«ããæ¹æ³çå ¬ç¥ã®ã
ãšããŒã«é¡ã®çæåå¿ã察å¿ããéåäœã«é©çšã
ãããšã«ãã€ãŠåŸãäºãåºæ¥ãã ãŸã眮æããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³éåäœãåŸãå Žå
ã«çœ®æåºã®ãªãããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³éåäœã«é«å
ååå¿ã«ãã€ãŠçœ®æåºãä»äžããããšãã§ããã
äŸãã°æç®ïŒããã«ã ïŒãžã€ãŒãã«ã»ãªãã»ã±ã
ã«ã«ã»ãœãµã€ãšãã€1964幎2617ããŒãžïŒèšèŒã®åŠ
ãããã©ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³éåäœã«ã¯ãã«ã¡ã
ã«ãšãŒãã«ãåå¿ãããŠã¯ãã«ã¡ãã«åºïŒâ
CH2ClïŒãå°å ¥ããäºãåºæ¥ããããæŽã«å æ°Žå
解ããããšã§å®¹æã«é»åäŸäžæ§ã®ããããã·ã¡ã
ã«åºïŒâCH2OHïŒã«å€æããäºãåºæ¥ãããã§
ããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšãããéåäœ(A)ã¯ãåèšæ§é
åäœïŒåŒããïŒä»¥å€ã®æ§é åäœïŒä»¥äžæ§é åäœ
ãããšç¥ç§°ãããïŒã70ã¢ã«ïŒ ãè¶ããªãç¯å²ã§
å«æããäºãåºæ¥ãããããæ§é åäœããã¯ã
åèšããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ç³»åéäœæã¯ãã®åé§äœ
ãšå ±éåããããäºã«ãã€ãŠéåäœ(A)äžã«å°å ¥ã
ãäºãåºæ¥ããåã該åé§åèªèº«ãæ§é åäœ
ãããšã¿ãªãåŸãã ãããæ§é åäœããã¯ãéåäœ(A)ã®å¯ææ§ïŒ
芪氎æ§ïŒæº¶è§£æ§ïŒæ¶æ©åå¿æ§çã調æŽããç®çã§
å°å ¥ããããããæ§é åäœã®å ·äœäŸãšããŠã¯ãäŸ
ãã°ç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žïŒã¢ã¯ãªã«é žïŒã¡ã¿ã¢ã¯ãªã«
é žïŒã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ããïŒã¢ã¯ãª
ã«é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ïŒã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ïŒãã
ã«ãšã¹ãã«é¡ïŒã¹ãã¬ã³çããã®æ§é åäœãæã
ãããšãåºæ¥ããç¹ã«ãããã®éå®ãåãããã®
ã§ã¯ãªãã ãããæ§é åäœã¯åèšã®åŠããå€ããšã70ã¢ã«
ïŒ ä»¥äžå¥œãŸããã¯50ã¢ã«ïŒ 以äžå°å ¥ããããšã«ã
ã€ãŠãäžèšã®åŠãç®çãéæãããã®ã§ããããš
ã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã§çšããããéåäœ(A)ã®ååéã¯ç¹ã«é
å®ãåããªããã溶解æ§ïŒè€åè補èã®å®¹æãïŒ
補èåŸã®éžæééæ§èã®ç¹æ§ãªã©ãèæ ®ããŠæ±ºã
ãããã¹ããã®ã§ããããéåžžã¯ã500ã1000000
奜ãŸããã¯ã1000ã100000çšåºŠã®æ°å¹³åååéã
æã€ãŠããããšã奜ãŸããã ãŸããããïŒå ±ïŒéåäœ(A)ã¯åè¿°ã®åŠããå¯æº¶
æ§ã®æ¡ä»¶ãæºè¶³ããªããã°ãªããªãããç¹ã«æ°Žã
æãã¯ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ïŒãšã¿ããŒã«ïŒã€ãœãããã
ãŒã«ïŒã¡ãã«ã»ããœã«ãŒãïŒãžãªããµã³ïŒããã©
ããããã©ã³åã³ãããã®æ··å溶åªã«0.1ïœïŒ100
ïœä»¥äžå¥œãŸããã¯ã0.5ïœïŒ100ml以äžå¯æº¶ãªãã®
ãæãŸããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšãããããæ¶æ©å€ãšããŠåã
ååç©ïŒB1ïŒãšããŠã¯äž»ãšããŠããããã·ã¹ãã¬
ã³æ§é åäœããã®ãã³ãŒã³æ žççŽ ååã«ãæ±é»
ååå¿ã§çµåããäºã«ããæ¶æ©å€ãšããŠäœçšãã
ããã®ãšãããããã·ã«åºã®é žçŽ ååã«å¯Ÿããæ±
é»ååå¿ã§çµåããäºã«ããæ¶æ©å€ãšããŠäœçšã
ãããã®ã«å€§å¥åºæ¥ãããªããåãååç©ã«ãã€
ãŠããçšãã觊åªã«ãã€ãŠäžèšã®æ¶æ©éšåãéã«
ãªãå Žåãããã åè ã®æ¶æ©çšååç©ã®ä»£è¡šçãªäŸãšããŠã¯ãäž
é£ã®ã¢ã«ãããé¡ïŒã¡ãããŒã«ååç©åã³ããã
ã®åå¿æ§èªå°äœããããäºãåºæ¥ãã ãããååç©ã®å ·äœçãªäŸãšããŠã¯ããã«ã ã¢
ã«ãããïŒãã©ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããïŒããœãªããµ
ã³ïŒã°ãªãªãã¶ãŒã«ïŒãã«ãã©ãŒã«ïŒã¢ã»ãã¢ã«
ãããïŒãã©ã¢ã«ãããïŒã¯ããã³ã¢ã«ãããïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãã¬ã€ã³çã®èèªæã¢ã«ãããæã¯ãã®åå¿
æ§èªå°äœé¡ïŒãããµã¡ãããŒã«ã¡ã©ãã³ïŒïŒ®ïŒ
Nâ²âãžã¡ãããŒã«ãšãã¬ã³å°¿çŽ ïŒ ãžã¡ãããŒã«å°¿çŽ ïŒããªãŒãžã¡ãããŒã«ã¢ã¯ãªã«
ã¢ããçãïŒå以äžã®ïŒ®âã¡ãããŒã«åºãæãã
âã¡ãããŒã«ååç©ããã«ããªãŒã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«ïŒÏïŒÏâ²âãžããããã·âïœâãã·ã¬ã³ïŒãž
ã¡ãããŒã«ãžããšãã«ãšãŒãã«çã®ïŒ£âã¡ãããŒ
ã«ååç©é¡ïŒãžã¯ããã¡ãã«ãžããšãã«ãšãŒã
ã«ïŒãããµïŒã¡ããã·ã¡ãã«ïŒã¡ã©ãã³ïŒãžã¡ã
ããŒã«ãžããšãã«ãšãŒãã«ãžã¢ã»ããŒãçäžèšã¡
ãããŒã«ååç©ã®åå¿æ§èªå°äœããããäºãåºæ¥
ãã ãããååç©ã«ãã€ãŠãæ¶æ©åå¿ããåæ»ã«é²
è¡ããããã«ã¯ãé žæ§è§ŠåªïŒB2ïŒã¯å ±åãããã
ãããã
ã®ãå¿ èŠã§ããã ããã觊åªã®å ·äœçãªäŸã¯ãç¡«é žïŒã¯ãã«ã¹ã«
ãã³é žïŒãªã³é žïŒã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žïŒãã«ãšã³ã¹
ã«ãã³é žïŒãªã³é žã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢ïŒç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢ïŒ
ç¡«é žç¬¬ïŒéïŒç¡«é žã¢ã«ãããŠã çããããäºãåº
æ¥ããç¹ã«ç¡«é žïŒã¯ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žã¯ãåã«ãé ž
æ§è§ŠåªãšããŠäœçšããã ãã§ãªããçšããéã«ã
ã€ãŠã¯ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœäžã®ãã³ãŒã³
æ žã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãå°å ¥ããäºãåºæ¥ãããã«ã
ã€ãŠèŠªæ°Žæ§ãå¢å ããããéæ°Žæ§ã倧巟ã«å¢å ã
ãããäºãåºæ¥ãã®ã§ãç¹ã«å¥œé©ã«äœ¿çšåºæ¥ãã
ïŒãã®å Žåããã®å°å ¥ãããã¹ã«ãã³åºãå€äŸ¡é
å±ã€ãªã³ã§é å¡©ãããããšéæ°Žæ§ã°ããã§ãªãã
å¡©æé€ççã®éžæééæ§ãåäžãããäºãåºæ¥ã
å ŽåããããïŒããã«ãç¡«é žïŒã¯ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³
é žïŒã¹ã«ããªã«ã¯ãã©ã€ãã¯ãäžèšããåŠãæ¶æ©
å€ãå ããªããŠãããããã®ååç©ã¯ã觊åªã¹ã«
ãã³å€ã®äœçšã¿ãªãããã¹ã«ãã³æ¶æ©ïŒâSO2
âïŒã圢æããŠãéåäœ(A)ãæ¶æ©ããäºãåºæ¥ã
æ¶æ©çšååç©ïŒB1ïŒãšããŠã奜é©ã«çšããäºãåº
æ¥ãã ããã«ãã¿ã«é žç¡æ°Žç©ïŒããªã¡ãªãé žç¡æ°Žç©ïŒ
ïœâã¹ã«ãã³å®æ¯éŠé žç¡æ°Žç©ïŒïœâãã³ãŒã³ãžã¹
ã«ãã«ãã«ã¯ãã©ã€ãïŒã€ãœãã¿ã«é žã¯ãã©ã€ã
çã®ã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ïŒã«ã«ãã³é žã¹ã«ãã³é žæ··
åç¡æ°Žç©ïŒã¹ã«ãã³é žãã©ã€ãïŒã«ã«ãã³é žãã©
ã€ãçåã³ãã«ã€ã¬ã³ãžã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒãçã®ããª
ã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒãé¡ã¯ãå¡©åäºéïŒå¡©åéïŒå¡©åã¢
ã«ãïŒç¡«é žïŒããªãªã³é žçã®ããªãŒãã«ã¯ã©ãã
åã®é žæ§è§Šåªã®å ±åäžã§ã¯ãè³éŠæ žã®æ žççŽ åå
ãæ»æããæ¶æ©å€ãšããŠçšããäºãåºæ¥ãã åŸè ã®å Žåã«ãããæ¶æ©çšååç©ã®å ·äœçãªäŸ
ãšããŠã¯ãããšããŒã«æ§æ°Žé žåºãšã®åå¿æ§ãèæ ®
ãããšãã€ãœãã¿ã«é žã¯ãã©ã€ãïŒããªã¡ã·ã³é ž
ã¯ãã©ã€ãïŒïœâãã³ãŒã³ãžã¹ã«ããã«ã¯ãã©ã€
ãïŒïœâã¯ããã¹ã«ããã«å®æ¯éŠé žã¯ãã©ã€ãïŒ
ïŒïŒ4â²âãžã¯ããâïŒïŒ3â²âãžããããžããšãã«
ã¹ã«ãã³ïŒïŒïŒ4â²âãžã¯ãããžããšãã«ã¹ã«ãã³
çã®é žãã©ã€ãã掻æ§åè³éŠæãã©ã€ãçãïŒå
以äžæããååç©åã³ãã«ã€ã¬ã³ãžã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒ
ãçã®å€å®èœã®æŽ»æ§ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ããããäº
ãåºæ¥ãã ãããååç©ããããããã·ã«åºãšçµåããæ¶
æ©å€ãšããŠçšããå Žåã«ã¯ãèæ§ãœãŒãïŒèæ§ã«
ãªïŒããªãšãã«ã¢ãã³çã®åŒ·å¡©åºæ§ååç©ã«ãã€
ãŠããšããŒã«æ§ããããã·ã«åºãããšãã©ãŒãå
ã«è»¢åããŠããå¿ èŠãããããã ãäžèšæ¶æ©å€ã¯
ããšãã©ãŒãåºãšã¯å®¹æã«åå¿ããã®ã§ãåäžã®
溶液ã§å¡åžããã®ã§ã¯ãªãå¥ã®æº¶æ¶²ãçšããŠå¡åž
ããã®ã奜ãŸããããªããããéã«ããªãŒãã«ã¯
ã©ããåã®é žæ§è§Šåªãçšããå Žåã«ã¯ãæ žççŽ å
åã«åå¿ããæ¶æ©å€ãšããŠããããã®ååç©ãå
ãäºã¯ãåè¿°ã®éãã§ããã ãªããæ¶æ©å€ã®ç¹å¥ãªå ŽåãšããŠãããããã·
ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœãã®ãã®ããäºãã«åå¿ããã€
ãŠãæ¶æ©ãããå³ã¡æ¶æ©å€ãšããŠã®ååç©
ïŒB1ïŒããããå Žåãããã äŸãã°ãããã åããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ
ïŒâïœïŒã®å Žåã¯ãé©åœãªã¢ã«ã«ãªè§Šåªã®å ±å
äžã§ã¯ãäºãã«åå¿ããŠãžã¢ãªãŒã«ãšãŒãã«åã®
æ¶æ©æ§é ã圢æããããäºãåºæ¥ãããïŒâ
ïœïŒïŒïŒâïœïŒã§ããããåŠãã¡ãããŒã«çœ®ææ
ã¯ã¯ãã«ã¡ãã«çœ®æããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ
ã¯ãé žæ§è§Šåªã®å ±ååã«ãžã¢ãªãŒã«ã¡ãã¬ã³åã®
æ¶æ©æ§é ã圢æããããäºãåºæ¥ãã ããã«ãé ããªãžã³ã³ã³ãã¬ãã¯ã¹ããé žåé
çã®é žå觊åªã®å ±åäžã«ãé žçŽ ãäœçšãããäºã«
ãã€ãŠããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœããäžã®ã
ãšããŒã«éšåãé žåçµåãããäºã«ãã€ãŠæ¶æ©ã
ãããäºãåºæ¥ãã ãŸããä»ã®æ§é åäœããäžã«ããããã·ã¹ã
ã¬ã³æ§é åäœãšåå¿ãããçµåãå°å ¥ããŠããç
ã®æ¹æ³ããšãäºãåºæ¥ãã æ¬çºæã®éžæééæ§è€åèãé浞èçšãšããŠçš
ããå Žåã«ã¯ãæ¶æ©å€çšååç©ïŒB1ïŒãšããŠäžèš
ããã¢ã«ãããé¡ïŒã¡ãããŒã«ååç©é¡ïŒç¡«é žïŒ
ã¯ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žãçšã觊åªå Œã¹ã«ãã³é žåºå°å ¥
å€ãšããŠãç¡«é žïŒæã¯ã¯ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žãçšãã
å Žåãç¹ã«éæ°Žæ§ã®èŠå°ãã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã«æŒãŠçšãããã埮å€åæ§æ¯æèã®æ質
ãšããŠã¯ãå¡åžããããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ç³»éåäœ
(A)ã®æº¶åªç³»(C)ãããã¯æ¶æ©å€ãšããŠåãååç©
ïŒB1ïŒã«æº¶è§£ããããèšæœ€ããªãéãç¹å¥ã«éå®
ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããé察称埮å€å質æ§é ã容
æã«ã€ããããã€èè¬åæ§ïŒèPHæ§ã«åªããŠãã
ããšãæãŸããã ããã埮å€åæ§æ¯æèãšããŠã¯ããªã¹ã«ãã³å
ã³ããªå¡©åããã«ã奜é©ãªãã®ãšããŠæããããš
ãããã
ãåºæ¥ããããããã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
ç¹ã«ããªã¹ã«ãã³ã¯æ¬çºæã®åŸ®å€åæ§æ¯æèã®æ
質ãšããŠããããæ§èœãæãããã®ã§ãããããª
ã¹ã«ãã³åŸ®å€åæ§æ¯æèã¯å ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ãäŸãã°ã¢
ã¡ãªã«å åçå¡©æ°Žå±ç 究éçºã¬ããŒããNo.359ã«
èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã§è£œé ããããšãã§ããããããèåº
æã¯è¡šé¢ã®åã®å€§ãããäžè¬ã«çŽ100ã1000ãªã³
ã°ã¹ãããŒã ã®éã«ãããã®ã奜ãŸãããããã
ã«éããããã®ã§ã¯ãªããæçµã®èã®çšéãªã©ã«
å¿ããŠãè¡šé¢ã®åã®å€§ãã50â«ã5000â«ã®éã§å€
åãããããããã®åºæã¯å¯Ÿç§°æ§é ã§ãé察称æ§
é ã§ã䜿çšã§ããããæãŸããã¯é察称æ§é ã®ã
ã®ããããããããªããããããã®åºæã¯èå®æ°
ã10-4ïœïŒcm2ã»secã»atm以äžã®å Žåã¯éæ°Žéã
äœããªãããããŸãïŒïœïŒcm2ã»secã»atm以äžã®
å Žåã¯è±å¡©çã極ããŠäœããªãããã奜ãŸãããª
ããåŸã€ãŠå¥œãŸããæ¯æèå®æ°ãšããŠã¯ïŒã10-4
ïœïŒcm2ã»secã»atmãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã¯10-1ã10-3
ïœïŒcm2ã»secã»atmã®ç¯å²ã®ãã®ãæã奜ãŸãã
çµæãäžããããªããããã§ããèå®æ°ãšã¯ãïŒ
KgïŒcm2ã®å§åäžã§ã®çŽæ°Žã®éééãè¡šããå€ã§ã
åäœã¯ïœïŒcm2ã»secã»atmã§ããã ãã®ãããªåºæã¯ãè£åŽãç¹åžåã¯äžç¹åžãªã©
ã§è£åŒ·ãã圢æ ã§äœ¿çšããã®ã奜ãŸãããããã
ç¹åžåã¯äžç¹åžãšããŠã¯ãããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿
ã¬ãŒãïŒããªãããã¬ã³ïŒãã€ãã³åã¯å¡©åãã
ã«çã«ãããã®ã奜é©ãªäŸãšããŠæããããã ããã®åŠãè£åŒ·ããã埮å€åæ§æ¯æèäžã§ãã
ãããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ç³»éåäœã®æ¶æ©èã圢æããã«
ã¯ã該èäžã«è©²éåäœåã³æ¶æ©å€æŽã«èŠããã°å
å¿é²å€ã溶解ãã溶液ãå¡åžããŠç±åŠçãããã
æãã¯è©²éåäœã®ã¿ã溶解ãã溶液åã¯ããã«å
å¿ä¿é²å€ãå ãã溶液ãå ãå¡åžããã€ã¥ããŠã
奜ãŸããã¯è©²éåäœãå®è³ªçã«æº¶è§£ããªã溶åªã«
æ¶æ©å€ã溶解ãããã溶液ïŒåå¿ä¿é²å€ãå«æã
ãŠãããïŒãå¡åžããåŸãç±åŠçããããšã«ãã
éæããããåŸè ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ã(i)æ¶æ©å€ãšè©²éåäœ
ãšãåäžæº¶å€ã«æº¶è§£ããªãå Žå(ii)äž¡è ãšå ±ã«æº¶è§£
ãããšçæéã«è©²éåäœãšæ¶æ©å€ãšãåå¿ããã²
ã«åãé²è¡ããå Žåæãã¯(iii)æ¶æ©èã®èåãç¹ã«
现ããã³ã³ãããŒã«ããå Žåçã«æå¹ã«é©çšãã
ãã åèšéåäœæº¶æ¶²ããæ¶æ©å€æº¶æ¶²ãæ¯æèäžã«å¡
åžããæ¹æ³ã¯ãäŸãã°æµžæŒ¬æ³ïŒæµå»¶æ³ïŒã¹ãã¬ãŒ
æ³çã®åŸæ¥å ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ãæ¡çšããããšãã§ããã ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ç³»éåäœ(A)ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調æŽã
ãéã«çšãã溶åªãšããŠã¯ãæ¯æèã溶解ããã
èãããèšæœ€ããããããªãéããåŠäœãªã溶åª
ã§ã䜿çšãããããæ¯æèã®æ質ãããªã¹ã«ãã³
ã®å Žåã¯ãæ°ŽïŒã¡ã¿ããŒã«ïŒãšã¿ããŒã«ïŒã€ãœã
ããããŒã«ãããã¯ãããã®æ··åç©ã奜é©ã«çšã
ãããã該溶液äžã®è©²éåäœã®æ¿åºŠã¯0.1ã10.0
ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯0.2ã5.0ééïŒ ã§ãããåæ¶
æ©å€ã®æ¿åºŠã0.1ã10.0ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯1.0ã
5.0ééïŒ ãšããããšã«ãããå¹æçã«ç®çãé
æãããããã ããæ¶æ©å€ãšè©²éåäœãšãå¥åã®
溶液ãšããŠçšããããå Žåã¯ãæ¶æ©å€æ¿åºŠã¯å°ã
é«ãã«ããæ¹ã奜ãŸããçµæãäžããå Žåãã
ããåŸã€ãŠããã®æ¿åºŠã¯ã0.1ã15.0ééïŒ ã®ç¯
å²ããéžã°ã3.0ã10.0ééïŒ åœãã奜ãŸããã éåäœåã³æ¶æ©å€ãåäžã®æº¶æ¶²ã«èª¿è£œãããå Ž
åãæ¯æèã«è©²æº¶æ¶²ãå¡åžããåŸãå¿ èŠã«å¿ãäœ
åã®æº¶æ¶²ããã¬ã€ã³çã®æ¹æ³ã«ããé€å»ãããã
宀枩ã«ãŠïŒã20åæŸçœ®ããŠæº¶åªãäžéšåã¯å€§éšå
é€å»ããç±åŠçããã éåäœãšæ¶æ©å€ãšãå¥ã ã®æº¶æ¶²ã§èª¿æŽããå Žå
ã¯ãå ã該éåäœæº¶æ¶²ãæ¯æèäžã«å¡åžåŸãå¿ èŠ
ã«å¿ãäœåã®æº¶æ¶²ãé€å»ããåŸã溶åªã宀枩åã¯
å ç±äžã«é€å»ä¹Ÿç¥ãããã®åŸæ¶æ©å€æº¶æ¶²ãæŽã«å¡
åžããŠãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠå®€æž©è¿èŸºã§ä¹Ÿç¥ããåŸãç±
åŠçããã ç±åŠçã¯ã70âã160âã奜ãŸããã¯90âã140
âã«ãããŠçŽïŒåéã30åéã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒåé
ã20åéè¡ããããã«ããããã³ãŒã³æ žæ¶æ©å
å¿ããããã¯ããããã·ã«åºã«ããæ¶æ©åå¿ãå®
çµããããããšãã§ããããããŠåŸ®å€åæ§æ¯æè
äžã«é浞éæ§èœãæããããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ç³»é
åäœã®æ¶æ©èèãæããè€åèãåŸãããšãã§ã
ãã å°ããããã®è€åèã«ã¯ãè圢æåŸã¢ãžãŠãŒã«
åãããè¿ã®é©åœãªæ®µéã§ããªããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«
ããããªããã«ãããªãã³çã®æ°Žæº¶æ§éåäœã®ä¿
è·è¢«èãæœããŠãããã ããããŠåŸããããæ¬çºæã«ããæ¶æ©åã®éžæ
ééæ§è€åèã¯é浞éèãšããŠçšããå Žåãæ¶æ©
æ§é ãæããããã«èé ·ãªäœ¿çšæ¡ä»¶äžã«ãããŠ
ããéåžžã«å®å®ããæ§èœããããã°ããã§ãªãåº
æ¬æ§èœã®é¢ã§ããåŸæ¥ãåæ¥åãããŠããã»ã«ã
ãããã
ãŒãºâã¢ã»ããŒãèçã«æ¯ããŠãéåžžã«å€§ããªé
æ°ŽéïŒç¡æ©å¡©ïŒææ©ç©çã«é¢ããé«æé€çããã
ããå®çšçã«æ¥µãããŠåªããæ§èœãçºæ®ããã æ¬çºæã«ããéžæééæ§è€åèã¯ãçšãã埮å€
åæ¯æèã®åœ¢æ ã«ãã€ãŠãå¹³èãããŠãŒãèïŒäž
空系èçã®åœ¢æ ã§åŸãäºãåºæ¥ãåã ãã¹ãã€ã©
ã«ã¢ãžãŠãŒã«ïŒãã¬ãŒãïŒãã¬ãŒã ïŒã¢ãžãŠãŒ
ã«ïŒããŠãŒãã©ãŒïŒã¢ãžãŠãŒã«ïŒäžç©ºç³»ã¢ãžãŠãŒ
ã«ã®åœ¢æ ã§åºç¯ãªçšéã«çšããäºãåºæ¥ãã ãªããæ¬çºæã«ããéžæééæ§è€åèã®ãã¡ã
ç¡«é žïŒã¯ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žçã«ãã€ãŠæ¶æ©ãšåæ
ã«ãã¹ã«ãã³åãè¡ãªã€ããã®ã¯ãã«ããªã³äº€æ
èãšããŠãåçš®ã®çšéã«çšããäºãåºæ¥ãã 以äžãå®æœäŸãããæ¬çºæãããã«è©³ãã説æ
ããã é浞éè©Šéšæ³ éåžžã®é£ç¶åŒãã³ãåé浞éè£ çœ®ãçšããPH
7.0ïŒïŒâã«ãŠã5000ppmã®NaCl 氎溶液ãå液
ãšããæäœå§åã¯420KgïŒcm2âã«ãŠè¡ã€ãã ãªããå®æœäŸäžã®å¡©æé€çãšã¯æ¬¡åŒã«ããæ±ã
ãããå€ã§ããã å¡©æé€çïŒïŒ ïŒ ïŒïŒïŒâééæ°Žäžã®ïŒ®ïœïŒ£ïœæ¿åºŠïŒå液äžã®ïŒ®ïœïŒ£
ïœæ¿åºŠïŒÃ100 åèäŸ ïŒ äžç¹åžè£åŒ·ããªã¹ã«ãã³å€å質èã®è£œé æ³ å¯ã«ç¹ã€ããã¯ãã³ïŒDacronïŒè£œäžç¹åžïŒç®
ä»é180ïœïŒm2ïŒãã¬ã©ã¹æ¿äžã«åºå®ããã次ã
ã§ã該äžç¹åžäžã«ããªã¹ã«ãã³12.5wtïŒ ïŒã¡ãã«
ã»ããœã«ã12.5wtïŒ ïŒããã³æ®éšãžã¡ãã«ãã«ã
ã¢ãããå«ã溶液ãåãçŽ0.2mmã®å±€ç¶ã«ãã€ã¹
ãããçŽã¡ã«ããªã¹ã«ãã³å±€ã宀枩ã®æ°ŽæµŽäžã«ãŠ
ã²ã«åãããããšã«ãããäžç¹åžè£åŒ·å€åæ§ããª
ã¹ã«ãã³èãããã ãã®æ§ã«ããŠåŸãããå€åæ§ããªã¹ã«ãã³å±€ã¯
åã¿ãçŽ40ã70ÎŒã§ãããé察称æ§é ãæããŠã
ãããã€è¡šé¢ã«ã¯çŽ50ã600â«ã®åŸ®åãå€æ°ååš
ããããšãé»åé¡åŸ®é¡åçã«ãã芳å¯ãããããŸ
ããããã®å€åæ§åºæã¯ïŒKgïŒcm2ã«ãããçŽæ°Ž
ã®éééïŒèå®æ°ïŒãçŽ3.0ã7.0Ã10-2ïœïŒcm2ã»
secÃatmã§ãã€ãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ããªïœâããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ïŒååå
ResinMïŒå¹³åååé3000ã8000äžžåç³æ²¹æ ªåŒäŒ
瀟補ïŒåã³æ¿ç¡«é žãåã ã2wtïŒ æ¿åºŠãšãªãæ§ã«
ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«æº¶è§£ããåèäŸïŒã§åŸãããªã¹ã«ã
ã³åŸ®å€å質èããã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æº¶æ¶²äžã«æµžæŒ¬ã
ããïŒåé浞挬åŸã«ãšãåºããèãåçŽã«ããŠ10
åé宀枩ã«ãŠæŸçœ®åŸãç±é¢šä¹Ÿç¥åšäž120âã«ãŠ10
åéç±åŠçããããããããŠåŸãããè€åèãå
èšæ¡ä»¶ã§é浞éè©Šéšãè¡ã€ããšããè¡šïŒã®åŠãé
浞éèãšããŠã®æ§èœãåŸãããã å®æœäŸ ïŒãïŒ ããªïœâããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³åã³ç¡«é žæ¿åºŠãè¡š
ïŒèšèŒã®åŠãå€ãã以å€ã¯ãå®æœäŸïŒãšå šãåã
æäœãç¹°ãè¿ããŠè€åèãåŸãããã§é浞éè©Šéš
ãè¡ã€ããçµæãåæ§ã«è¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã æ¯èŒäŸ ïŒ æ¶æ©å€ã§ããç¡«é žãçšããã«ããªïœâãããã
ã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®ã¿ã®2wtïŒ ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æº¶æ¶²ãçšããŠ
å®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠè€åèãåŸãããè¡šïŒã«ç€º
ãåŠããå¡©æé€çã®æ¥µããŠäœãèããåŸãããªã
ã€ãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®ä»£ãã«ãããã åã
ãªâïœâããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ïŒåååResinMB
ããã å«æé47ã52wtïŒ ïŒå¹³åååé6000ã
10000ãäžžåç³æ²¹æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿè£œïŒãçšãã以å€ã¯å®
æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã®æäœã«ãã€ãŠãè€åèãåŸåãé
浞éè©Šéšãè¡ã€ãããã®æ§èœãè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã æ¯èŒäŸ ïŒ ããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®ä»£ãã«å®æœäŸïŒã§çš
ããããã åããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ãçšããä»
ã¯ãæ¯èŒäŸïŒãšåæ§ã®æäœã§èãåŸãããã®æ§èœ
ãè¡šïŒã«äœµèšããããå®æœäŸïŒã«æ¯ããŠå¡©æé€ç
ã極ããŠäœãã®ãå€ãã ãããã
åã³èŠããã°è©²åå¿ã®è§ŠåªïŒB2ïŒãã該ååç©
ïŒB1ïŒã«å¯ŸããŠå®è³ªçã«äžæŽ»æ§ã§ãããåèšéå
äœ(A)åã³åŸ®å€åæ§æ¯æèãæ¿ãã浞ãããäžã€æ²ž
ç¹ã120â以äžã§ãã溶åªã«å ããŠãªã溶液
ïŒC2ïŒã«æµžæŒ¬ãããããïŒa2ïŒè©²ååç©ïŒB1ïŒã®ã¬ã¹
ç¶ç©ãšæ¥è§ŠããïŒããã«å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠç±åŠçãã
ãã ãã 該ååç©ïŒB1ïŒã®å°ãªããšãäžçš®ãåã³
èŠããã°è©²è§ŠåªïŒB2ïŒãå ãã溶åªã§å¡åžåã¯
å«æµžããããåŸãç±åŠçãã äºãç¹åŸŽãšããéžæééæ§è€åèã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæã«ãããåŒããã§è¡šããããããªãã
ããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœäžã®ããããã·ã«åºã¯ã
é浞éèãšããŠå¿ èŠãªæ°ŽçŽ çµåèœãæãã芪氎æ§
ãä»äžããã°ããã§ãªãããããçµåããŠããè³
éŠè©²ã«é»åãäžããæ±é»åè©Šè¬ã«å¯Ÿããåå¿æ§ã
é«ããäžã€ããããã·ã«åºèªèº«ãããçš®ã®æ±é»å
è©Šè¬ãšå®¹æã«åå¿ããæ§è³ªãæããããã«ãå®æœ
容æãªåºç¯ãªæ¶æ©åå¿ãé©çšå¯èœã§ããã容æã«
å®çšæ§ã®åªããæ¶æ©è€åèãäžããã®ã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããéåäœ(A)ã«ããããããã
ã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœïŒåŒããïŒã«ãããïœã¯ïŒ
ãïŒã®æŽæ°ããšããããã補é ã®å®¹æããåŸãã
ãéåäœã®å®å®æ§ãèæ ®ãããšïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ç¹ã«
ãããã
ïŒã奜ãŸããã åŒããäžã®ïŒ²ã¯åè¿°ããæ žççŽ ãããããã·
ã«åºã®é žçŽ ã«å¯Ÿããæ±æ žçœ®æåå¿ã倧ããé»å®³ã
ãäœçšãæãããããåºïŒã·ã¢ãåºïŒã¢ã»ãã«åº
çã®åŠãããã¡ããå®æ°ã®ãã©çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏpïŒ
ããã¡ã¿çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏnïŒãæžããå·®ïŒÏpâÏ
nïŒãæ£ã§ãã匷é»ååžåŒåºã¯ååšããŠã¯ãªã
ããäžèšå·®ïŒÏpâÏnïŒãè² ãšãªãé»åäŸäžæ§åº
ã§ãªããŠã¯ãªããªããããã眮æåºã®æ°ã¯æ±é»å
眮æåå¿ã«é¢äžãããæ žççŽ ååãå°ãªããšãïŒ
åååšãããçºã«ã¯ïŒä»¥äžã§ãªããŠã¯ãªããªã
ããïŒä»¥äžã奜ãŸãããããã眮æåºïŒ²ã¯ãäžèš
æ±é»åæ¶æ©åå¿ã«é¢äžããããã®ã§ãã€ãŠãå·®æ¯
ããªãã 奜é©ãªçœ®æåºïŒ²ãšããŠã¯ãã¡ãã«åºïŒãšãã«åº
çã®äœçŽã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒã¡ããã·åºïŒãšããã·åºç
ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒã¢ã»ããã·åºçã®ã«ã«ãã«ã³ã
ã·åºïŒå¡©çŽ ïŒèçŽ çã®ããã²ã³ååïŒã¯ãã«ã¡ã
ã«åºïŒã¡ãããŒã«åºïŒã¡ããã·ã¡ãã«åºçã®çœ®æ
ã¡ãã«åºçããããããšãã§ããã åãRâ²ãšããŠã¯äœçŽã¢ã«ãã«åºãšãªããã
ããæ°ŽçŽ ååã§ããããšã奜ãŸããã ãããããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœäžã§ã
奜é©ãªãã®ãšããŠã次ã®åŠããã®ãæããããšã
ã§ããã (âa) ãªã«ãïŒã¡ã¿ãŒåã¯ãã©ãŒããããã·ã¹
ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ (âb) èçŽ åããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ (âc) å¡©çŽ åããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ (âd) ããã«ãã€ããããã³æ§é åäœ (âe) ïœâã¡ãã«ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ (âf) ã¡ããã·ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ (âg) ã¡ãã«ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ (âh) ã¯ãã«ã¡ãã«ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é
åäœ (âb) ããããã·ã¡ãã«ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³
æ§é åäœ ä»¥äžã®äžã§ããïŒâïœïŒã®ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³
æ§é åäœãšïŒâïœïŒã®èçŽ åããããã·ã¹ãã¬
ã³æ§é åäœãæããéåäœã¯åæ¥çã«å ¥æãå¯èœ
ã§ããããã®ç¹ã§æå©ã«äœ¿çšãããã ãããããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœãæããé
åäœ(A)ã¯ãåäžæ§é ãæããäžé£œåååç©ã®éå
ãããã
ã«ãã€ãŠåŸãäºãåºæ¥ãããåé§æ§é ãæããé
åäœããé«åååå¿ã«ãã€ãŠåŸãäºãåºæ¥ããäŸ
ãã°ã¹ã«ãã³åããªã¹ãã¬ã³ãããã²ã³åããªã¹
ãã¬ã³ãã¢ã«ã«ãªã§å æ°Žå解ããæ¹æ³ïŒã¢ã«ã³ã
ã·ããªã¹ãã¬ã³ã®å æ°Žå解ã«ããæ¹æ³çå ¬ç¥ã®ã
ãšããŒã«é¡ã®çæåå¿ã察å¿ããéåäœã«é©çšã
ãããšã«ãã€ãŠåŸãäºãåºæ¥ãã ãŸã眮æããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³éåäœãåŸãå Žå
ã«çœ®æåºã®ãªãããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³éåäœã«é«å
ååå¿ã«ãã€ãŠçœ®æåºãä»äžããããšãã§ããã
äŸãã°æç®ïŒããã«ã ïŒãžã€ãŒãã«ã»ãªãã»ã±ã
ã«ã«ã»ãœãµã€ãšãã€1964幎2617ããŒãžïŒèšèŒã®åŠ
ãããã©ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³éåäœã«ã¯ãã«ã¡ã
ã«ãšãŒãã«ãåå¿ãããŠã¯ãã«ã¡ãã«åºïŒâ
CH2ClïŒãå°å ¥ããäºãåºæ¥ããããæŽã«å æ°Žå
解ããããšã§å®¹æã«é»åäŸäžæ§ã®ããããã·ã¡ã
ã«åºïŒâCH2OHïŒã«å€æããäºãåºæ¥ãããã§
ããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšãããéåäœ(A)ã¯ãåèšæ§é
åäœïŒåŒããïŒä»¥å€ã®æ§é åäœïŒä»¥äžæ§é åäœ
ãããšç¥ç§°ãããïŒã70ã¢ã«ïŒ ãè¶ããªãç¯å²ã§
å«æããäºãåºæ¥ãããããæ§é åäœããã¯ã
åèšããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ç³»åéäœæã¯ãã®åé§äœ
ãšå ±éåããããäºã«ãã€ãŠéåäœ(A)äžã«å°å ¥ã
ãäºãåºæ¥ããåã該åé§åèªèº«ãæ§é åäœ
ãããšã¿ãªãåŸãã ãããæ§é åäœããã¯ãéåäœ(A)ã®å¯ææ§ïŒ
芪氎æ§ïŒæº¶è§£æ§ïŒæ¶æ©åå¿æ§çã調æŽããç®çã§
å°å ¥ããããããæ§é åäœã®å ·äœäŸãšããŠã¯ãäŸ
ãã°ç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žïŒã¢ã¯ãªã«é žïŒã¡ã¿ã¢ã¯ãªã«
é žïŒã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ããïŒã¢ã¯ãª
ã«é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ïŒã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ïŒãã
ã«ãšã¹ãã«é¡ïŒã¹ãã¬ã³çããã®æ§é åäœãæã
ãããšãåºæ¥ããç¹ã«ãããã®éå®ãåãããã®
ã§ã¯ãªãã ãããæ§é åäœã¯åèšã®åŠããå€ããšã70ã¢ã«
ïŒ ä»¥äžå¥œãŸããã¯50ã¢ã«ïŒ 以äžå°å ¥ããããšã«ã
ã€ãŠãäžèšã®åŠãç®çãéæãããã®ã§ããããš
ã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã§çšããããéåäœ(A)ã®ååéã¯ç¹ã«é
å®ãåããªããã溶解æ§ïŒè€åè補èã®å®¹æãïŒ
補èåŸã®éžæééæ§èã®ç¹æ§ãªã©ãèæ ®ããŠæ±ºã
ãããã¹ããã®ã§ããããéåžžã¯ã500ã1000000
奜ãŸããã¯ã1000ã100000çšåºŠã®æ°å¹³åååéã
æã€ãŠããããšã奜ãŸããã ãŸããããïŒå ±ïŒéåäœ(A)ã¯åè¿°ã®åŠããå¯æº¶
æ§ã®æ¡ä»¶ãæºè¶³ããªããã°ãªããªãããç¹ã«æ°Žã
æãã¯ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ïŒãšã¿ããŒã«ïŒã€ãœãããã
ãŒã«ïŒã¡ãã«ã»ããœã«ãŒãïŒãžãªããµã³ïŒããã©
ããããã©ã³åã³ãããã®æ··å溶åªã«0.1ïœïŒ100
ïœä»¥äžå¥œãŸããã¯ã0.5ïœïŒ100ml以äžå¯æº¶ãªãã®
ãæãŸããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšãããããæ¶æ©å€ãšããŠåã
ååç©ïŒB1ïŒãšããŠã¯äž»ãšããŠããããã·ã¹ãã¬
ã³æ§é åäœããã®ãã³ãŒã³æ žççŽ ååã«ãæ±é»
ååå¿ã§çµåããäºã«ããæ¶æ©å€ãšããŠäœçšãã
ããã®ãšãããããã·ã«åºã®é žçŽ ååã«å¯Ÿããæ±
é»ååå¿ã§çµåããäºã«ããæ¶æ©å€ãšããŠäœçšã
ãããã®ã«å€§å¥åºæ¥ãããªããåãååç©ã«ãã€
ãŠããçšãã觊åªã«ãã€ãŠäžèšã®æ¶æ©éšåãéã«
ãªãå Žåãããã åè ã®æ¶æ©çšååç©ã®ä»£è¡šçãªäŸãšããŠã¯ãäž
é£ã®ã¢ã«ãããé¡ïŒã¡ãããŒã«ååç©åã³ããã
ã®åå¿æ§èªå°äœããããäºãåºæ¥ãã ãããååç©ã®å ·äœçãªäŸãšããŠã¯ããã«ã ã¢
ã«ãããïŒãã©ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããïŒããœãªããµ
ã³ïŒã°ãªãªãã¶ãŒã«ïŒãã«ãã©ãŒã«ïŒã¢ã»ãã¢ã«
ãããïŒãã©ã¢ã«ãããïŒã¯ããã³ã¢ã«ãããïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãã¬ã€ã³çã®èèªæã¢ã«ãããæã¯ãã®åå¿
æ§èªå°äœé¡ïŒãããµã¡ãããŒã«ã¡ã©ãã³ïŒïŒ®ïŒ
Nâ²âãžã¡ãããŒã«ãšãã¬ã³å°¿çŽ ïŒ ãžã¡ãããŒã«å°¿çŽ ïŒããªãŒãžã¡ãããŒã«ã¢ã¯ãªã«
ã¢ããçãïŒå以äžã®ïŒ®âã¡ãããŒã«åºãæãã
âã¡ãããŒã«ååç©ããã«ããªãŒã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«ïŒÏïŒÏâ²âãžããããã·âïœâãã·ã¬ã³ïŒãž
ã¡ãããŒã«ãžããšãã«ãšãŒãã«çã®ïŒ£âã¡ãããŒ
ã«ååç©é¡ïŒãžã¯ããã¡ãã«ãžããšãã«ãšãŒã
ã«ïŒãããµïŒã¡ããã·ã¡ãã«ïŒã¡ã©ãã³ïŒãžã¡ã
ããŒã«ãžããšãã«ãšãŒãã«ãžã¢ã»ããŒãçäžèšã¡
ãããŒã«ååç©ã®åå¿æ§èªå°äœããããäºãåºæ¥
ãã ãããååç©ã«ãã€ãŠãæ¶æ©åå¿ããåæ»ã«é²
è¡ããããã«ã¯ãé žæ§è§ŠåªïŒB2ïŒã¯å ±åãããã
ãããã
ã®ãå¿ èŠã§ããã ããã觊åªã®å ·äœçãªäŸã¯ãç¡«é žïŒã¯ãã«ã¹ã«
ãã³é žïŒãªã³é žïŒã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žïŒãã«ãšã³ã¹
ã«ãã³é žïŒãªã³é žã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢ïŒç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢ïŒ
ç¡«é žç¬¬ïŒéïŒç¡«é žã¢ã«ãããŠã çããããäºãåº
æ¥ããç¹ã«ç¡«é žïŒã¯ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žã¯ãåã«ãé ž
æ§è§ŠåªãšããŠäœçšããã ãã§ãªããçšããéã«ã
ã€ãŠã¯ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœäžã®ãã³ãŒã³
æ žã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãå°å ¥ããäºãåºæ¥ãããã«ã
ã€ãŠèŠªæ°Žæ§ãå¢å ããããéæ°Žæ§ã倧巟ã«å¢å ã
ãããäºãåºæ¥ãã®ã§ãç¹ã«å¥œé©ã«äœ¿çšåºæ¥ãã
ïŒãã®å Žåããã®å°å ¥ãããã¹ã«ãã³åºãå€äŸ¡é
å±ã€ãªã³ã§é å¡©ãããããšéæ°Žæ§ã°ããã§ãªãã
å¡©æé€ççã®éžæééæ§ãåäžãããäºãåºæ¥ã
å ŽåããããïŒããã«ãç¡«é žïŒã¯ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³
é žïŒã¹ã«ããªã«ã¯ãã©ã€ãã¯ãäžèšããåŠãæ¶æ©
å€ãå ããªããŠãããããã®ååç©ã¯ã觊åªã¹ã«
ãã³å€ã®äœçšã¿ãªãããã¹ã«ãã³æ¶æ©ïŒâSO2
âïŒã圢æããŠãéåäœ(A)ãæ¶æ©ããäºãåºæ¥ã
æ¶æ©çšååç©ïŒB1ïŒãšããŠã奜é©ã«çšããäºãåº
æ¥ãã ããã«ãã¿ã«é žç¡æ°Žç©ïŒããªã¡ãªãé žç¡æ°Žç©ïŒ
ïœâã¹ã«ãã³å®æ¯éŠé žç¡æ°Žç©ïŒïœâãã³ãŒã³ãžã¹
ã«ãã«ãã«ã¯ãã©ã€ãïŒã€ãœãã¿ã«é žã¯ãã©ã€ã
çã®ã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ïŒã«ã«ãã³é žã¹ã«ãã³é žæ··
åç¡æ°Žç©ïŒã¹ã«ãã³é žãã©ã€ãïŒã«ã«ãã³é žãã©
ã€ãçåã³ãã«ã€ã¬ã³ãžã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒãçã®ããª
ã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒãé¡ã¯ãå¡©åäºéïŒå¡©åéïŒå¡©åã¢
ã«ãïŒç¡«é žïŒããªãªã³é žçã®ããªãŒãã«ã¯ã©ãã
åã®é žæ§è§Šåªã®å ±åäžã§ã¯ãè³éŠæ žã®æ žççŽ åå
ãæ»æããæ¶æ©å€ãšããŠçšããäºãåºæ¥ãã åŸè ã®å Žåã«ãããæ¶æ©çšååç©ã®å ·äœçãªäŸ
ãšããŠã¯ãããšããŒã«æ§æ°Žé žåºãšã®åå¿æ§ãèæ ®
ãããšãã€ãœãã¿ã«é žã¯ãã©ã€ãïŒããªã¡ã·ã³é ž
ã¯ãã©ã€ãïŒïœâãã³ãŒã³ãžã¹ã«ããã«ã¯ãã©ã€
ãïŒïœâã¯ããã¹ã«ããã«å®æ¯éŠé žã¯ãã©ã€ãïŒ
ïŒïŒ4â²âãžã¯ããâïŒïŒ3â²âãžããããžããšãã«
ã¹ã«ãã³ïŒïŒïŒ4â²âãžã¯ãããžããšãã«ã¹ã«ãã³
çã®é žãã©ã€ãã掻æ§åè³éŠæãã©ã€ãçãïŒå
以äžæããååç©åã³ãã«ã€ã¬ã³ãžã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒ
ãçã®å€å®èœã®æŽ»æ§ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ããããäº
ãåºæ¥ãã ãããååç©ããããããã·ã«åºãšçµåããæ¶
æ©å€ãšããŠçšããå Žåã«ã¯ãèæ§ãœãŒãïŒèæ§ã«
ãªïŒããªãšãã«ã¢ãã³çã®åŒ·å¡©åºæ§ååç©ã«ãã€
ãŠããšããŒã«æ§ããããã·ã«åºãããšãã©ãŒãå
ã«è»¢åããŠããå¿ èŠãããããã ãäžèšæ¶æ©å€ã¯
ããšãã©ãŒãåºãšã¯å®¹æã«åå¿ããã®ã§ãåäžã®
溶液ã§å¡åžããã®ã§ã¯ãªãå¥ã®æº¶æ¶²ãçšããŠå¡åž
ããã®ã奜ãŸããããªããããéã«ããªãŒãã«ã¯
ã©ããåã®é žæ§è§Šåªãçšããå Žåã«ã¯ãæ žççŽ å
åã«åå¿ããæ¶æ©å€ãšããŠããããã®ååç©ãå
ãäºã¯ãåè¿°ã®éãã§ããã ãªããæ¶æ©å€ã®ç¹å¥ãªå ŽåãšããŠãããããã·
ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœãã®ãã®ããäºãã«åå¿ããã€
ãŠãæ¶æ©ãããå³ã¡æ¶æ©å€ãšããŠã®ååç©
ïŒB1ïŒããããå Žåãããã äŸãã°ãããã åããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ
ïŒâïœïŒã®å Žåã¯ãé©åœãªã¢ã«ã«ãªè§Šåªã®å ±å
äžã§ã¯ãäºãã«åå¿ããŠãžã¢ãªãŒã«ãšãŒãã«åã®
æ¶æ©æ§é ã圢æããããäºãåºæ¥ãããïŒâ
ïœïŒïŒïŒâïœïŒã§ããããåŠãã¡ãããŒã«çœ®ææ
ã¯ã¯ãã«ã¡ãã«çœ®æããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœ
ã¯ãé žæ§è§Šåªã®å ±ååã«ãžã¢ãªãŒã«ã¡ãã¬ã³åã®
æ¶æ©æ§é ã圢æããããäºãåºæ¥ãã ããã«ãé ããªãžã³ã³ã³ãã¬ãã¯ã¹ããé žåé
çã®é žå觊åªã®å ±åäžã«ãé žçŽ ãäœçšãããäºã«
ãã€ãŠããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœããäžã®ã
ãšããŒã«éšåãé žåçµåãããäºã«ãã€ãŠæ¶æ©ã
ãããäºãåºæ¥ãã ãŸããä»ã®æ§é åäœããäžã«ããããã·ã¹ã
ã¬ã³æ§é åäœãšåå¿ãããçµåãå°å ¥ããŠããç
ã®æ¹æ³ããšãäºãåºæ¥ãã æ¬çºæã®éžæééæ§è€åèãé浞èçšãšããŠçš
ããå Žåã«ã¯ãæ¶æ©å€çšååç©ïŒB1ïŒãšããŠäžèš
ããã¢ã«ãããé¡ïŒã¡ãããŒã«ååç©é¡ïŒç¡«é žïŒ
ã¯ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žãçšã觊åªå Œã¹ã«ãã³é žåºå°å ¥
å€ãšããŠãç¡«é žïŒæã¯ã¯ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žãçšãã
å Žåãç¹ã«éæ°Žæ§ã®èŠå°ãã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã«æŒãŠçšãããã埮å€åæ§æ¯æèã®æ質
ãšããŠã¯ãå¡åžããããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ç³»éåäœ
(A)ã®æº¶åªç³»(C)ãããã¯æ¶æ©å€ãšããŠåãååç©
ïŒB1ïŒã«æº¶è§£ããããèšæœ€ããªãéãç¹å¥ã«éå®
ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããé察称埮å€å質æ§é ã容
æã«ã€ããããã€èè¬åæ§ïŒèPHæ§ã«åªããŠãã
ããšãæãŸããã ããã埮å€åæ§æ¯æèãšããŠã¯ããªã¹ã«ãã³å
ã³ããªå¡©åããã«ã奜é©ãªãã®ãšããŠæããããš
ãããã
ãåºæ¥ããããããã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
ç¹ã«ããªã¹ã«ãã³ã¯æ¬çºæã®åŸ®å€åæ§æ¯æèã®æ
質ãšããŠããããæ§èœãæãããã®ã§ãããããª
ã¹ã«ãã³åŸ®å€åæ§æ¯æèã¯å ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ãäŸãã°ã¢
ã¡ãªã«å åçå¡©æ°Žå±ç 究éçºã¬ããŒããNo.359ã«
èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã§è£œé ããããšãã§ããããããèåº
æã¯è¡šé¢ã®åã®å€§ãããäžè¬ã«çŽ100ã1000ãªã³
ã°ã¹ãããŒã ã®éã«ãããã®ã奜ãŸãããããã
ã«éããããã®ã§ã¯ãªããæçµã®èã®çšéãªã©ã«
å¿ããŠãè¡šé¢ã®åã®å€§ãã50â«ã5000â«ã®éã§å€
åãããããããã®åºæã¯å¯Ÿç§°æ§é ã§ãé察称æ§
é ã§ã䜿çšã§ããããæãŸããã¯é察称æ§é ã®ã
ã®ããããããããªããããããã®åºæã¯èå®æ°
ã10-4ïœïŒcm2ã»secã»atm以äžã®å Žåã¯éæ°Žéã
äœããªãããããŸãïŒïœïŒcm2ã»secã»atm以äžã®
å Žåã¯è±å¡©çã極ããŠäœããªãããã奜ãŸãããª
ããåŸã€ãŠå¥œãŸããæ¯æèå®æ°ãšããŠã¯ïŒã10-4
ïœïŒcm2ã»secã»atmãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã¯10-1ã10-3
ïœïŒcm2ã»secã»atmã®ç¯å²ã®ãã®ãæã奜ãŸãã
çµæãäžããããªããããã§ããèå®æ°ãšã¯ãïŒ
KgïŒcm2ã®å§åäžã§ã®çŽæ°Žã®éééãè¡šããå€ã§ã
åäœã¯ïœïŒcm2ã»secã»atmã§ããã ãã®ãããªåºæã¯ãè£åŽãç¹åžåã¯äžç¹åžãªã©
ã§è£åŒ·ãã圢æ ã§äœ¿çšããã®ã奜ãŸãããããã
ç¹åžåã¯äžç¹åžãšããŠã¯ãããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿
ã¬ãŒãïŒããªãããã¬ã³ïŒãã€ãã³åã¯å¡©åãã
ã«çã«ãããã®ã奜é©ãªäŸãšããŠæããããã ããã®åŠãè£åŒ·ããã埮å€åæ§æ¯æèäžã§ãã
ãããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ç³»éåäœã®æ¶æ©èã圢æããã«
ã¯ã該èäžã«è©²éåäœåã³æ¶æ©å€æŽã«èŠããã°å
å¿é²å€ã溶解ãã溶液ãå¡åžããŠç±åŠçãããã
æãã¯è©²éåäœã®ã¿ã溶解ãã溶液åã¯ããã«å
å¿ä¿é²å€ãå ãã溶液ãå ãå¡åžããã€ã¥ããŠã
奜ãŸããã¯è©²éåäœãå®è³ªçã«æº¶è§£ããªã溶åªã«
æ¶æ©å€ã溶解ãããã溶液ïŒåå¿ä¿é²å€ãå«æã
ãŠãããïŒãå¡åžããåŸãç±åŠçããããšã«ãã
éæããããåŸè ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ã(i)æ¶æ©å€ãšè©²éåäœ
ãšãåäžæº¶å€ã«æº¶è§£ããªãå Žå(ii)äž¡è ãšå ±ã«æº¶è§£
ãããšçæéã«è©²éåäœãšæ¶æ©å€ãšãåå¿ããã²
ã«åãé²è¡ããå Žåæãã¯(iii)æ¶æ©èã®èåãç¹ã«
现ããã³ã³ãããŒã«ããå Žåçã«æå¹ã«é©çšãã
ãã åèšéåäœæº¶æ¶²ããæ¶æ©å€æº¶æ¶²ãæ¯æèäžã«å¡
åžããæ¹æ³ã¯ãäŸãã°æµžæŒ¬æ³ïŒæµå»¶æ³ïŒã¹ãã¬ãŒ
æ³çã®åŸæ¥å ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ãæ¡çšããããšãã§ããã ããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ç³»éåäœ(A)ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調æŽã
ãéã«çšãã溶åªãšããŠã¯ãæ¯æèã溶解ããã
èãããèšæœ€ããããããªãéããåŠäœãªã溶åª
ã§ã䜿çšãããããæ¯æèã®æ質ãããªã¹ã«ãã³
ã®å Žåã¯ãæ°ŽïŒã¡ã¿ããŒã«ïŒãšã¿ããŒã«ïŒã€ãœã
ããããŒã«ãããã¯ãããã®æ··åç©ã奜é©ã«çšã
ãããã該溶液äžã®è©²éåäœã®æ¿åºŠã¯0.1ã10.0
ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯0.2ã5.0ééïŒ ã§ãããåæ¶
æ©å€ã®æ¿åºŠã0.1ã10.0ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯1.0ã
5.0ééïŒ ãšããããšã«ãããå¹æçã«ç®çãé
æãããããã ããæ¶æ©å€ãšè©²éåäœãšãå¥åã®
溶液ãšããŠçšããããå Žåã¯ãæ¶æ©å€æ¿åºŠã¯å°ã
é«ãã«ããæ¹ã奜ãŸããçµæãäžããå Žåãã
ããåŸã€ãŠããã®æ¿åºŠã¯ã0.1ã15.0ééïŒ ã®ç¯
å²ããéžã°ã3.0ã10.0ééïŒ åœãã奜ãŸããã éåäœåã³æ¶æ©å€ãåäžã®æº¶æ¶²ã«èª¿è£œãããå Ž
åãæ¯æèã«è©²æº¶æ¶²ãå¡åžããåŸãå¿ èŠã«å¿ãäœ
åã®æº¶æ¶²ããã¬ã€ã³çã®æ¹æ³ã«ããé€å»ãããã
宀枩ã«ãŠïŒã20åæŸçœ®ããŠæº¶åªãäžéšåã¯å€§éšå
é€å»ããç±åŠçããã éåäœãšæ¶æ©å€ãšãå¥ã ã®æº¶æ¶²ã§èª¿æŽããå Žå
ã¯ãå ã該éåäœæº¶æ¶²ãæ¯æèäžã«å¡åžåŸãå¿ èŠ
ã«å¿ãäœåã®æº¶æ¶²ãé€å»ããåŸã溶åªã宀枩åã¯
å ç±äžã«é€å»ä¹Ÿç¥ãããã®åŸæ¶æ©å€æº¶æ¶²ãæŽã«å¡
åžããŠãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠå®€æž©è¿èŸºã§ä¹Ÿç¥ããåŸãç±
åŠçããã ç±åŠçã¯ã70âã160âã奜ãŸããã¯90âã140
âã«ãããŠçŽïŒåéã30åéã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒåé
ã20åéè¡ããããã«ããããã³ãŒã³æ žæ¶æ©å
å¿ããããã¯ããããã·ã«åºã«ããæ¶æ©åå¿ãå®
çµããããããšãã§ããããããŠåŸ®å€åæ§æ¯æè
äžã«é浞éæ§èœãæããããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ç³»é
åäœã®æ¶æ©èèãæããè€åèãåŸãããšãã§ã
ãã å°ããããã®è€åèã«ã¯ãè圢æåŸã¢ãžãŠãŒã«
åãããè¿ã®é©åœãªæ®µéã§ããªããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«
ããããªããã«ãããªãã³çã®æ°Žæº¶æ§éåäœã®ä¿
è·è¢«èãæœããŠãããã ããããŠåŸããããæ¬çºæã«ããæ¶æ©åã®éžæ
ééæ§è€åèã¯é浞éèãšããŠçšããå Žåãæ¶æ©
æ§é ãæããããã«èé ·ãªäœ¿çšæ¡ä»¶äžã«ãããŠ
ããéåžžã«å®å®ããæ§èœããããã°ããã§ãªãåº
æ¬æ§èœã®é¢ã§ããåŸæ¥ãåæ¥åãããŠããã»ã«ã
ãããã
ãŒãºâã¢ã»ããŒãèçã«æ¯ããŠãéåžžã«å€§ããªé
æ°ŽéïŒç¡æ©å¡©ïŒææ©ç©çã«é¢ããé«æé€çããã
ããå®çšçã«æ¥µãããŠåªããæ§èœãçºæ®ããã æ¬çºæã«ããéžæééæ§è€åèã¯ãçšãã埮å€
åæ¯æèã®åœ¢æ ã«ãã€ãŠãå¹³èãããŠãŒãèïŒäž
空系èçã®åœ¢æ ã§åŸãäºãåºæ¥ãåã ãã¹ãã€ã©
ã«ã¢ãžãŠãŒã«ïŒãã¬ãŒãïŒãã¬ãŒã ïŒã¢ãžãŠãŒ
ã«ïŒããŠãŒãã©ãŒïŒã¢ãžãŠãŒã«ïŒäžç©ºç³»ã¢ãžãŠãŒ
ã«ã®åœ¢æ ã§åºç¯ãªçšéã«çšããäºãåºæ¥ãã ãªããæ¬çºæã«ããéžæééæ§è€åèã®ãã¡ã
ç¡«é žïŒã¯ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žçã«ãã€ãŠæ¶æ©ãšåæ
ã«ãã¹ã«ãã³åãè¡ãªã€ããã®ã¯ãã«ããªã³äº€æ
èãšããŠãåçš®ã®çšéã«çšããäºãåºæ¥ãã 以äžãå®æœäŸãããæ¬çºæãããã«è©³ãã説æ
ããã é浞éè©Šéšæ³ éåžžã®é£ç¶åŒãã³ãåé浞éè£ çœ®ãçšããPH
7.0ïŒïŒâã«ãŠã5000ppmã®NaCl 氎溶液ãå液
ãšããæäœå§åã¯420KgïŒcm2âã«ãŠè¡ã€ãã ãªããå®æœäŸäžã®å¡©æé€çãšã¯æ¬¡åŒã«ããæ±ã
ãããå€ã§ããã å¡©æé€çïŒïŒ ïŒ ïŒïŒïŒâééæ°Žäžã®ïŒ®ïœïŒ£ïœæ¿åºŠïŒå液äžã®ïŒ®ïœïŒ£
ïœæ¿åºŠïŒÃ100 åèäŸ ïŒ äžç¹åžè£åŒ·ããªã¹ã«ãã³å€å質èã®è£œé æ³ å¯ã«ç¹ã€ããã¯ãã³ïŒDacronïŒè£œäžç¹åžïŒç®
ä»é180ïœïŒm2ïŒãã¬ã©ã¹æ¿äžã«åºå®ããã次ã
ã§ã該äžç¹åžäžã«ããªã¹ã«ãã³12.5wtïŒ ïŒã¡ãã«
ã»ããœã«ã12.5wtïŒ ïŒããã³æ®éšãžã¡ãã«ãã«ã
ã¢ãããå«ã溶液ãåãçŽ0.2mmã®å±€ç¶ã«ãã€ã¹
ãããçŽã¡ã«ããªã¹ã«ãã³å±€ã宀枩ã®æ°ŽæµŽäžã«ãŠ
ã²ã«åãããããšã«ãããäžç¹åžè£åŒ·å€åæ§ããª
ã¹ã«ãã³èãããã ãã®æ§ã«ããŠåŸãããå€åæ§ããªã¹ã«ãã³å±€ã¯
åã¿ãçŽ40ã70ÎŒã§ãããé察称æ§é ãæããŠã
ãããã€è¡šé¢ã«ã¯çŽ50ã600â«ã®åŸ®åãå€æ°ååš
ããããšãé»åé¡åŸ®é¡åçã«ãã芳å¯ãããããŸ
ããããã®å€åæ§åºæã¯ïŒKgïŒcm2ã«ãããçŽæ°Ž
ã®éééïŒèå®æ°ïŒãçŽ3.0ã7.0Ã10-2ïœïŒcm2ã»
secÃatmã§ãã€ãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ããªïœâããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ïŒååå
ResinMïŒå¹³åååé3000ã8000äžžåç³æ²¹æ ªåŒäŒ
瀟補ïŒåã³æ¿ç¡«é žãåã ã2wtïŒ æ¿åºŠãšãªãæ§ã«
ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«æº¶è§£ããåèäŸïŒã§åŸãããªã¹ã«ã
ã³åŸ®å€å質èããã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æº¶æ¶²äžã«æµžæŒ¬ã
ããïŒåé浞挬åŸã«ãšãåºããèãåçŽã«ããŠ10
åé宀枩ã«ãŠæŸçœ®åŸãç±é¢šä¹Ÿç¥åšäž120âã«ãŠ10
åéç±åŠçããããããããŠåŸãããè€åèãå
èšæ¡ä»¶ã§é浞éè©Šéšãè¡ã€ããšããè¡šïŒã®åŠãé
浞éèãšããŠã®æ§èœãåŸãããã å®æœäŸ ïŒãïŒ ããªïœâããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³åã³ç¡«é žæ¿åºŠãè¡š
ïŒèšèŒã®åŠãå€ãã以å€ã¯ãå®æœäŸïŒãšå šãåã
æäœãç¹°ãè¿ããŠè€åèãåŸãããã§é浞éè©Šéš
ãè¡ã€ããçµæãåæ§ã«è¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã æ¯èŒäŸ ïŒ æ¶æ©å€ã§ããç¡«é žãçšããã«ããªïœâãããã
ã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®ã¿ã®2wtïŒ ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æº¶æ¶²ãçšããŠ
å®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠè€åèãåŸãããè¡šïŒã«ç€º
ãåŠããå¡©æé€çã®æ¥µããŠäœãèããåŸãããªã
ã€ãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®ä»£ãã«ãããã åã
ãªâïœâããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ïŒåååResinMB
ããã å«æé47ã52wtïŒ ïŒå¹³åååé6000ã
10000ãäžžåç³æ²¹æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿè£œïŒãçšãã以å€ã¯å®
æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã®æäœã«ãã€ãŠãè€åèãåŸåãé
浞éè©Šéšãè¡ã€ãããã®æ§èœãè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã æ¯èŒäŸ ïŒ ããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®ä»£ãã«å®æœäŸïŒã§çš
ããããã åããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ãçšããä»
ã¯ãæ¯èŒäŸïŒãšåæ§ã®æäœã§èãåŸãããã®æ§èœ
ãè¡šïŒã«äœµèšããããå®æœäŸïŒã«æ¯ããŠå¡©æé€ç
ã極ããŠäœãã®ãå€ãã ãããã
ãè¡šã
å®æœäŸ ïŒ
ããªâïœâããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«
溶解ããŠ1wtïŒ æº¶æ¶²ãäœãããã«åèäŸïŒã§åŸã
ããªã¹ã«ãã³åŸ®å€å質èãïŒåé浞挬ããåŸã宀
æž©ã«ãŠ10åéæŸçœ®ãããã²ãã€ã¥ãã該ããªã¹ã«
ãã³èã5wtïŒ ç¡«é žæ°Žæº¶æ¶²äžã«ïŒåé浞挬ãã
åŸãèããšãåºããèãåçŽã«ç«ãŠãŠãã¬ã€ã³
ããç±é¢šä¹Ÿç¥åšäž120âã«ãŠ10åéç±åŠçããã
ãšããéæ°Žé207.1ïŒm2ã»hrå¡©æé€ç78.3ïŒ ã®
æ§èœããããèãåŸãããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ããªâïœâããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³2wtïŒ ïŒæ¿ç¡«é ž
2wtïŒ åã³AlïŒNO3ïŒ3ã»9H2O 0.5wtïŒ ãªãã¡ã¿ã
ãŒã«æº¶æ¶²ãçšããŠãå®æœäŸïŒãšåãæäœãããè¿
ããŠãéæ°Žé198.9ïŒm2hrå¡©æé€ç84ïŒ ã®æ§èœ
ããããèãåŸãã å®æœäŸ ïŒã11 ããªâïœâããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³2wtïŒ ïŒæ¿ç¡«é ž
2wtïŒ åã³1.5wtïŒ ã®è¡šïŒèšèŒã®æ¶æ©å€ãããã
ãå«æãã溶液ãçšããŠå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ãªæ¡ä»¶
ã§ãæ¶æ©è€åèãåŸããåŸãããèã®æ§èœãåã
ãè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã
溶解ããŠ1wtïŒ æº¶æ¶²ãäœãããã«åèäŸïŒã§åŸã
ããªã¹ã«ãã³åŸ®å€å質èãïŒåé浞挬ããåŸã宀
æž©ã«ãŠ10åéæŸçœ®ãããã²ãã€ã¥ãã該ããªã¹ã«
ãã³èã5wtïŒ ç¡«é žæ°Žæº¶æ¶²äžã«ïŒåé浞挬ãã
åŸãèããšãåºããèãåçŽã«ç«ãŠãŠãã¬ã€ã³
ããç±é¢šä¹Ÿç¥åšäž120âã«ãŠ10åéç±åŠçããã
ãšããéæ°Žé207.1ïŒm2ã»hrå¡©æé€ç78.3ïŒ ã®
æ§èœããããèãåŸãããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ããªâïœâããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³2wtïŒ ïŒæ¿ç¡«é ž
2wtïŒ åã³AlïŒNO3ïŒ3ã»9H2O 0.5wtïŒ ãªãã¡ã¿ã
ãŒã«æº¶æ¶²ãçšããŠãå®æœäŸïŒãšåãæäœãããè¿
ããŠãéæ°Žé198.9ïŒm2hrå¡©æé€ç84ïŒ ã®æ§èœ
ããããèãåŸãã å®æœäŸ ïŒã11 ããªâïœâããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³2wtïŒ ïŒæ¿ç¡«é ž
2wtïŒ åã³1.5wtïŒ ã®è¡šïŒèšèŒã®æ¶æ©å€ãããã
ãå«æãã溶液ãçšããŠå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ãªæ¡ä»¶
ã§ãæ¶æ©è€åèãåŸããåŸãããèã®æ§èœãåã
ãè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã
ãè¡šã
å®æœäŸ 12ã14
å®æœäŸïŒã§çšããã®ãšåãããªããããã·ã¹ã
ã¬ã³ã2wtïŒ åã³èæ§ãœãŒãã1wtïŒ å«æããæ°Ž
溶液ã«ãåèšãããšåãããªã¹ã«ãã³åŸ®åèãïŒ
åé浞挬ãããåžžæž©ã§30å也ç¥ã®åŸãè¡šïŒã«èšèŒ
ããåŠããæ¶æ©å€ã®2wtïŒ ãããµã³æº¶æ¶²ã«æµžæŒ¬
ããã²ããããŠãã宀枩ïŒçªçŽ æ°æµäžã§10åé也
ç¥ãããåŸãç±é¢šä¹Ÿç¥æ©ã§120âïŒ10åéç±åŠç
ããããªã€ããåŸãããèã®æ§èœãåããè¡šïŒã«
瀺ãã ãããã
ã¬ã³ã2wtïŒ åã³èæ§ãœãŒãã1wtïŒ å«æããæ°Ž
溶液ã«ãåèšãããšåãããªã¹ã«ãã³åŸ®åèãïŒ
åé浞挬ãããåžžæž©ã§30å也ç¥ã®åŸãè¡šïŒã«èšèŒ
ããåŠããæ¶æ©å€ã®2wtïŒ ãããµã³æº¶æ¶²ã«æµžæŒ¬
ããã²ããããŠãã宀枩ïŒçªçŽ æ°æµäžã§10åé也
ç¥ãããåŸãç±é¢šä¹Ÿç¥æ©ã§120âïŒ10åéç±åŠç
ããããªã€ããåŸãããèã®æ§èœãåããè¡šïŒã«
瀺ãã ãããã
ãè¡šã
ãããã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ äžèšåŒïŒïŒ ãäœããåŒäžïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ããïœã¯ïŒåã¯
ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ãè¡šããïœïŒïœâŠïŒãæºè¶³ãããã®
ã§ãããïœãïŒãïŒïŒå³ã¡ïŒ²ãååšããïŒã®å Žå
ã¯ãã¯ãã¡ããå®æ°ã®ãã©çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏpïŒã
ãã¡ã¿çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏnïŒãæžããå·®ïŒÏpâÏnïŒ
ãè² ã§ããé»åäŸäžæ§åºã§ãã€ãŠã第ïŒçŽåã³ç¬¬
ïŒçŽã¢ããåºä»¥å€ã®ãã®ãè¡šããããŸãRâ²ã¯æ°Ž
çŽ åååã¯ã¡ãã«åºãè¡šããã ã§è¡šããããããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœã
å šç¹°è¿ãåäœäžã®å°ãªããšã30ã¢ã«ïŒ å«æããé
åäœã§ãã€ãŠãæ°Žåã³ãæ°Žãšä»»æã®å²åã§æ··åã
ãã沞ç¹120â以äžã®ææ©æ¥µæ§æº¶åªãããªã溶åª
矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®é¡ãããªã溶åªã«
0.1ïœïŒ100ml以äžæº¶è§£ãããšããã®ããããã·ã¹
ãã¬ã³ç³»éåäœ(A)ããäž»ãšããŠãªãèèãã埮å€
åæ§æ¯æèäžã«ãŠãäžèšæ§é åŒïŒïŒäžã®
ãåŒãæ§é éšåãšïŒå®èœæ§ä»¥äžã«åå¿ã ããååç©ïŒB1ïŒã§æ¶æ©ããŠãªãéžæééæ§è€å
èãã ïŒ äžèšåŒïŒïŒ ãäœããåŒäžïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ããïœã¯ïŒåã¯
ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ãè¡šããïœïŒïœâŠïŒãæºè¶³ãããã®
ã§ãããïœãïŒãïŒïŒå³ã¡ïŒ²ãååšããïŒã®å Žå
ã¯ãã¯ãã¡ããå®æ°ã®ãã©çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏpïŒã
ãã¡ã¿çœ®æå®æ°ïŒÏnïŒãæžããå·®ïŒÏpâÏnïŒ
ãè² ã§ããé»åäŸäžæ§åºã§ãã€ãŠã第ïŒçŽåã³ç¬¬
ïŒçŽã¢ããåºä»¥å€ã®ãã®ãè¡šããããŸãRâ²ã¯æ°Ž
çŽ åååã¯ã¡ãã«åºãè¡šãããã ã§è¡šããããããªããããã·ã¹ãã¬ã³æ§é åäœã
å šç¹°è¿ãåäœäžã®å°ãªããšã30ã¢ã«ïŒ å«æããé
åäœã§ãã€ãŠãæ°Žåã³ãæ°Žãšä»»æã®å²åã§æ··åã
ãã沞ç¹120â以äžã®ææ©æ¥µæ§æº¶åªãããªã溶åª
ããã
矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®é¡ãããªã溶åªã«
0.1ïœïŒ100ml以äžæº¶è§£ãããšããã®ããããã·ã¹
ãã¬ã³ç³»éåäœïŒ¡ãšãå®è³ªçã«äžèšæº¶åªçŸ€ããéž
ã°ãã溶åªãããªã補èã«çšãã埮å€åæ§æ¯æè
ãå®è³ªçã«ããããªã溶åªç³»ïŒC1ïŒãšãããªã溶
液ã 埮å€åæ§æ¯æèã«å¡åžåã¯å«æµžããããã®ãŸãŸ
æãã¯è©²æº¶åªã®äžéšåã¯å€§éšåãèžçºãããã
åŸïŒããããŠåŸãããèç¶ç©ã ãã ïŒa1ïŒäžèšæ§é åŒïŒïŒäžã®
ãåŒãæ§é éšåãšïŒå®èœæ§ä»¥äžã«åå¿ ãããååç©ïŒB1ïŒã®å°ãªããšãäžçš®åã¯ãããš
該åå¿ã®è§ŠåªïŒB2ïŒãã該ååç©ïŒB1ïŒã«å¯ŸããŠ
å®è³ªçã«äžæŽ»æ§ã§ãããåèšéåäœ(A)åã³åŸ®å€å
æ§æ¯æèãæ¿ãã浞ãããäžã€æ²žç¹ã120â以äž
ã§ãã溶åªã«å ããŠãªã溶液ïŒC2ïŒã«æµžæŒ¬ããã
ãã ïŒa2ïŒè©²ååç©ïŒB1ïŒã®ã¬ã¹ç¶ç©ãšæ¥è§ŠããïŒã
ã®ãŸãŸåã¯æŽã«ç±åŠçãããã ãã 該ååç©ïŒB1ïŒã®å°ãªããšãäžçš®ãåã¯
ãããšè©²è§ŠåªïŒB2ïŒãå ãã溶液ã§å¡åžåã¯å«
浞ããããåŸãç±åŠçãã äºãç¹åŸŽãšããéžæééæ§è€åèã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP13315678A JPS5559804A (en) | 1978-10-31 | 1978-10-31 | Selectively permeable composite membrane and preparation thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP13315678A JPS5559804A (en) | 1978-10-31 | 1978-10-31 | Selectively permeable composite membrane and preparation thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5559804A JPS5559804A (en) | 1980-05-06 |
JPS6159763B2 true JPS6159763B2 (ja) | 1986-12-18 |
Family
ID=15098002
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP13315678A Granted JPS5559804A (en) | 1978-10-31 | 1978-10-31 | Selectively permeable composite membrane and preparation thereof |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5559804A (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10928842B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2021-02-23 | Delos Living Llc | Systems and methods for enhancing wellness associated with habitable environments |
US11338107B2 (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2022-05-24 | Delos Living Llc | Systems, methods and articles for enhancing wellness associated with habitable environments |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS49117370A (ja) * | 1973-03-13 | 1974-11-09 |
-
1978
- 1978-10-31 JP JP13315678A patent/JPS5559804A/ja active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS49117370A (ja) * | 1973-03-13 | 1974-11-09 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10928842B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2021-02-23 | Delos Living Llc | Systems and methods for enhancing wellness associated with habitable environments |
US11338107B2 (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2022-05-24 | Delos Living Llc | Systems, methods and articles for enhancing wellness associated with habitable environments |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5559804A (en) | 1980-05-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10040032B2 (en) | Complex nanofiltration membrane and the preparation thereof | |
US4557949A (en) | Method of making a reverse osmosis semipermeable membrane | |
Immelman et al. | Poly (vinyl alcohol) gel sublayers for reverse osmosis membranes. I. Insolubilization by acidâcatalyzed dehydration | |
WO1981000217A1 (en) | Process for selectively separating water-soluble valuable materials from an aqueous solution containing same | |
JPH05301035A (ja) | ããªã€ãªã³ã³ã³ãã¬ãã¯ã¹è£œåé¢è | |
JPS6159763B2 (ja) | ||
JPS5892409A (ja) | éžææ§ééè | |
JP3646362B2 (ja) | åéèããã³ãã®è£œé æ¹æ³ | |
JPH10309449A (ja) | ææ©ç©åé¢çšé«ååèåã³ãã®è£œé æ¹æ³ | |
JPS5892406A (ja) | éžææ§ééè | |
JPS63130105A (ja) | éžæééæ§è€åèã®è£œé æ¹æ³ | |
KR100188338B1 (ko) | ìŽì°ííì Ʞ첎ë¶ëŠ¬ì© ìíœì€ì± ë³µí© ì€ê³µì¬ë§ì ì ì¡°ë°©ë² | |
JPS6240041B2 (ja) | ||
JPH0563209B2 (ja) | ||
US4614586A (en) | Semipermeable polymeric film membrane | |
JPS6260121B2 (ja) | ||
JPH052365B2 (ja) | ||
JPH0510967B2 (ja) | ||
JPS63283707A (ja) | äž¡æ§é«ååé»è§£è³ªåé¢è | |
JPH05293345A (ja) | åéæ§è€åè | |
JPS637803A (ja) | æ°ŽïŒææ©ç©åé¢è | |
JPH0220290B2 (ja) | ||
JPS6051362B2 (ja) | æ¹è¯ããªãã³ãã€ãããŸãã³éžæééè | |
JPS60255109A (ja) | ã¹ã«ãã³åããªã¹ã«ãã³åéèåã³ãã®è£œé æ¹æ³ | |
JP2918687B2 (ja) | ããªãã©ãã³é žéžæåé¢è |