JPH10511030A - 血管組織密封圧制御装置およびその制御方法 - Google Patents

血管組織密封圧制御装置およびその制御方法

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JPH10511030A
JPH10511030A JP9512514A JP51251497A JPH10511030A JP H10511030 A JPH10511030 A JP H10511030A JP 9512514 A JP9512514 A JP 9512514A JP 51251497 A JP51251497 A JP 51251497A JP H10511030 A JPH10511030 A JP H10511030A
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バイセ,スティーブン・ピー
ケネディ,ジェニファー・エス
ランズ,マイケル・ジェイ
ロエフラー,ドナルド・アール
ルキアナウ,エス・ウェイド
ライアン,トーマス・ピー
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ヴァリーラブ・インコーポレーテッド
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28Surgical forceps
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/00773Sensed parameters
    • A61B2018/00875Resistance or impedance
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/03Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety

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Abstract

(57)【要約】 電気外科手術によって使用するクランプ力機構10およびその方法は、ユーザが患者の特定の血管組織を密封および/または接合することができるようにする。その機構はユーザおよび患者側を備えていて細長い。アクチュエータ15は、ユーザ側にあり、エフェクタは患者の側にある。各エフェクタは、特定の血管組織に接触するために所定の領域の面を有する。ロストモーション接続部分18は、電気外科手術組織密封の間、所定のクランプ力を保持するためにエフェクタにユーザの作動を伝達する。ロストモーション接続部分のたわみ部材は、所定の力で面の間に特定の組織をクランプする。たわみ部材19は、アクチュエータ15近傍のばね20、スリップクラッチ36または液圧結合部材である。アクティブ電極は、一方の端部のエフェクタに支持されており、リターン電極24は、患者の組織に接触し、リターン電極に接続された電気外科手術エネルギー源25は、それら電極の間にエネルギーを供給する。フィードバック回路27は組織に送られたエネルギーのパラメータに応答する。1つの面上の温度センサ28およびインピーダンスモニタ29は、送られるエネルギーに応答する。制御部30は、組織を保持し、それを密封およびまたは接合するためにエネルギーを供給する。この方法は、ロストモーション接続部部分18によってエフェクタにユーザの動作を伝達し、密封しながらクランプ力を維持し、保持された組織を密封し、それを接続するように電気外科手術用のエネルギーを供給する。エネルギーは温度またはインピーダンスとして付与される。この方法は、たわみ部材19をシフトし、対向面17は、伝達ロッドを介して、ばね20からの力でまたは所定の圧力の範囲にわたって液圧結合またはスリップクラッチ36によってその対向面の間に特定の組織をクランプする。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 血管組織密封圧制御装置およびその制御方法 1.発明の分野 外科手術用器具のクランプ力機構は、患者の組織を密封および/または接合す るために外科手術エネルギーを加える間、患者の特定の血管組織を保持するため に、好ましい範囲内でユーザが力を加えることができるようにする。 2.発明の背景 外科手術の間、特定の血管組織の密封および/または接合は、手術または手順 の基本的な部分をなすものである。外科手術においては、縫合、ステープルおよ び接着剤を使用することによって成功の水準が変化する。これらの先行技術およ び材料および使用する装置は、特定の組織への損傷を最小限にするか、または制 限することに失敗し、最も重要なのは、使用する材料に対する異質の患者の身体 の反応が無くならないことである。特に、患者の身体の反応は、障壁細胞によっ て異質な身体、すなわち、形成された傷跡を取り囲み、患者内の正規な細胞から 異質な組織を隔離するようにする。その結果、外傷の傷跡または痕跡は大きさが 増大する。身体に付加された材料は、外科手術または手順及びその後の外科的な 処置び治療のコストを増大させる。 血管組織の密封または接合のいずれか一方は、望ましくない組織すなわち腫瘍 の外科的な除去を行った後、出血を最小限にするか、または無くすか、または組 織構造を再結合することが重要である。電気外科手術は、組織を切断し凝固する ために使用されるが、切断した組織を密封しきれいに接合し、出血部分を凝固す るために必要な制御は、高度に血管化された組織、すなわち、問題となっている 治療対象の特定の組織において特に欠乏するものである。特に、出血しやすい人 に関してかさぶたを最小限にするか、柔軟なかさぶたを形成するために止血、高 周波療法、焼灼種々の方法が試されている。電気外科手術法によって止血するた めの異なる高周波形、アルゴンガスエンハンス止血、非張り付き電気外科的電極 が製造され、販売されたが、これらの方法は、治療時間および外科的な侵入の量 で成功する度合いが変化する。これらのもの全体は、コストを増大させ、外科治 療の複雑性を増大させる。 米国特許第4,043,342号は、電気外科手術用器具を示しており、この 器具は、それぞればねで偏倚され絶縁されたコネクタによって支持されたアクテ ィブおよびリターン電極を備えたセスキポーラ電極構造を備えている。 国際特許出願公開WO9313719は、電気外科手術用器具を示しており、 この電気外科手術用器具は、互いの間の相対的な動きを可能にするように相互に 接続された2つの電極を備えた指示構造を含む。ばねのような偏倚装置は、アク ティブな電極が外科手術のために配置されるとき、電流リターン電極を組織と接 触するように押す。このリターン電極は、アクティブな電極に対して長手方向お よび側方に可動である。信号源は、組織切断信号および止血信号を提供する。電 流リターン電極は、外科手術中に組織によって平坦な表面を画定する組織接触面 を有する。アクティブ電極は、境界面に対して横断するように可動である。それ は、組織を損傷する可能性を低減し、切断深さを容易に制御するために接触面を 制御する。米国特許第5,047,027号は、腫瘍の場所に内視鏡を到達させ 食道、膀胱または他の内部組織から腫瘍を探すために構成されたバイポーラ電気 外科手術用器具を示している。このカッタは、内視鏡の中央腔に適合するような 寸法に形成されている。細長い可撓性管は管の遠位端で片方が支持され、リター ン電極と、螺旋ばねの最も離れた渦巻きから所定の空隙間隔を置いた導体のワイ ヤの輪とを形成する導体の螺旋ばねを有し、この平面は、アクティブ電極を形成 する可撓性管の長手方向軸に直角である。 電極に高周波RF電圧を印加するワイヤは、可撓性管の内腔を通って伸びてい る。器具の遠位端部分が切除すべき腫瘍上で引かれるとき、片方が支持された螺 旋ばねが側方に移動し、アクティブフープ電極を出たRF電流が腫瘍組織を通っ て切断することを可能にする。 米国特許第5,007,908号は、近位端と、遠位端と、それらの間に伸び ている複数の内腔とを備えた細長い可撓性環状部材を備えている。管の遠位端に は、弾丸形状のセラミックチップ部材が固定されており、これらのセラミック先 端部材は、前端部材の側壁を貫通する中央に配置された長手方向の穴を備えてい る。先端部材のセラミック製外面部材は、第1の不活性電極を形成する導体層で カバーされている。電極面に接合された導電体は、電気外科手術の発電機に結合 されている近位端に管の内腔を通して送り返される。また、管の内腔を他の導体 が通っており、この導体は、上部部材の開口を外側に突出するように作成するこ とができる。ばね付加されたプランジャを有するハブがワイヤに接続されたプラ ンジャで管の近位端に固定されており、プランジャが押されたとき、ワイヤの遠 位端が先端部材の先端を越えて短い距離突出する。それは、第2の導体を電気外 科手術用発電機に結合することによって、バイポーラの対のアクティブ電極にな る。 米国特許第5,290,286号は、少なくとも1つの電極が他方の電極に関 して可動である組織の切断用のバイポーラの導体電極対を備えている電気外科手 術用の器具を示している。電極は絶縁プラグに取り付けられ、管状部材の遠位端 に固定されている。親指ループに作用した圧力は、一方の電極の位置を他方に関 してシフトする。RF電圧が印加されるとき、電極が配置される距離は、適当な 範囲内に配置されるとき、電極の間に生じるアークの量を制御する。電極は、標 準のRFエネルギー源から電極が供給され、フットまたはハンドスイッチで制御 される。さらに絶縁プラグは、周囲面に配置された金属トレースを含む。これら のトレースは、エネルギーが付与されたときに、組織および血液の電気止血を行 うための電極のバイポーラ対として機能する。この器具は、結腸壁から小さいポ リープを切除し、組織を除去し、特定の血管組織領域を止血するために腹腔鏡ト ロカールまたは内視鏡に挿入される。 米国特許第5.342,357号は、エネルギー源に接続された制御ユニット と、電気外科手術用プローブとを含む高周波エネルギー源を備えた焼灼システム を有する。プローブは、ハンドルを有し、ハンドルは、そこから伸びている細長 い部材を備えている。細長い部材の遠位端は傾斜しており、焼灼先端部と後退可 能な切断電極とを有する。プローブは、遠位端に冷却流体を搬送する導管を有す る。プローブの遠位端の電極の温度は監視され、先端への冷却流体の流速を制御 するために使用される。発電機は電極へ電気的なエネルギーを供給し、電極の間 の組織のインピーダンスは、高温による組織の損傷を防止するために監視される 。システムは、外科手術の間に組織への熱の伝達を制御し、組織または凝固剤が エネルギー供給電極に溶着することを防止する。前述した装置のいずれもが、電 気 外科手術的なエネルギーで組織を再生し再形成するために必要な制御の水準を外 科医に提供しない。血管組織を密封し、接合するためにクランプ圧、電気外科手 術エネルギーおよび温度を加える機構はまだない。患者の組織は、適当な圧力お よび温度を受けたとき、外傷、傷を結合するコラーゲンを有する。コラーゲンは 、付加抵抗天然組織止血剤に溶融され硬化することができ、再形成された構造は 、切断されない組織によって支持されるものと同様の負荷に耐えることができる 。適切で適当な温度および圧力を負荷する機構は知られていない。 “血管密封用エネルギー配給システム”と題された関連する米国特許出願は、 この出願と同時に出願された。 発明の概要 電気外科学的器具をクランプするクランプ力機構は、ユーザが患者の特定の血 管組織を密封し接合することができるようにする。クランプ力機構は、ユーザ端 部および患者端部を有する細長い支持体である。アクチュエータは、ユーザ側に あり、一対のエンドエフェクタは、患者側にあり、エンドエフェクタの対は、ア クチュエータに接続されたとき、エンドエフェクタの動きを制御するように、ユ ーザエンドから作動する。エンドエフェクタの対は、患者の特定の血管組織と接 触するように所定の領域の対向面を有する。 最も好ましい実施例において、アクチュエータのユーザの操作をエンドエフェ クタに伝達し、所定のクランプ力の適用を維持し、患者の特定の血管組織を密封 するためにエンドエフェクタとアクチュエータとの間にロストモーション接続部 分がある。たわみ部材は、ロストモーション接続部分に含まれ、対向面は、たわ み部材からの力で患者の特定の組織をクランプする。たわみ部材は、ユーザ側で アクチュエータ近傍に配置されたばねを有する。 患者の特定の組織をクランプ位置に受け、エンドエフェクタの間の患者の特定 の組織に所定の力を維持するために開放位置の間で可動なようにアクチュエータ 近傍のばねと患者側のエンドエフェクタとに間にロストモーション接続部分に細 長い伝達ロッドがあることが好ましい。アクチュエータおよびたわみ部材に結合 された固定連結部材は、所定の力を達成するためにたわみ部材からの力でその間 の患者の特定の組織に対して保持された対向面を維持する。アクチュエータのス テップ型固定位置は、密封する特定の組織によって設定された力を保持するため に密封された特定の血管組織のために異なる水準の力を確立する固定連結および たわみ部材をユーザが選択的に設定することができるようにすることが好ましい 。ステップ型固定位置は、静脈または動脈または腸間膜のような異なる特定の血 管に関連する。 アクティブ電極は、エンドエフェクタの1つに支持されていることが最も好ま しい。また、リターン電極は、患者の組織に接触することができる。電気外科手 術エネルギー供給源は、患者の特定の組織がエンドエフェクタによって保持され るとき、アクティブ電極およびリターン電極の間に電気外科手術エネルギーを送 るためにアクティブ電極およびリターン電極を接続する。電気外科手術エネルギ ー源は、電気外科手術発電機を含む。 フィードバック回路は、電気外科手術発電機および回路にあり、アクティブお よびリターン電極は、アクティブおよびリターン電極の間に配置された患者の特 定の組織を通ってエネルギー送りを支持するパラメータに応答する。 また、温度センサは、フィードバック回路、好ましくは対向面の一方に支持さ れることが好ましく、センサは、電気外科手術エネルギーを送る間対向面の間に 患者の特定の動脈組織の温度に応答する。また、フィードバック回路のインピー ダンスモニタは、電気外科手術エネルギーの送りの間にアクティブおよびリター ン電極の間で患者の特定の血管組織のインピーダンスの変化に応答するように電 気外科手術発電機まで電気的に接続されている。 電気外科手術のエネルギー源と関連する制御は、エンドエフェクタの間に特定 の組織を密封するために所定の力を加えることに応じて患者の組織にエネルギー を加えることが最も好ましい。 別の例として、バイポーラ回路において、リターン電極は、アクティブ電極と 反対のエンドエフェクタの対の一方にあることもできる。さらに、リターン電極 は、これらアクティブとリターン電極との間に配置された電気的な絶縁体でアク ティブ電極を支持するエンドエフェクタの対の一方にある。同様に、リターン電 極は、患者の組織に接続されたパッドであり、これは、モノポーラ回路である。 たわみ部材は、エンドエフェクタの間のロストモーション接続の部分として液 圧結合である。この液圧結合は、アクチュエータの近傍に配置することができる 。たわみ部材は、ユーザエンドでアクチュエータの近傍のロストモーション接続 内のスリップクラッチである。 エンドエフェクタの対は、力が好ましい範囲内で特定の組織に加えられるよう にたわみ部材からの力でその間の患者の特定の組織をクランプするために等しく および予備設定された領域の各々に対向面を有する。 この方法は、外科手術用器具のクランプ力で患者の特定の組織を密封または接 合するためにユーザがクランプし、力と外科手術的なエネルギーを加えることが できるようにする。この方法の工程は、ロストモーション接続でエンドエフェク タの対にユーザのアクチュエータの操作を伝達する工程と、エンドエフェクタの 間に特定の組織の密封をする間、ロストモーション接続の所定のクランプ力の適 用で維持する工程と、電気手術エネルギー源に関連した制御によってエンドエフ ェクタの間のクランプに応答して患者の特定の組織を密封するために電気手術的 なエネルギーを供給する工程とを含む。 また、電気外科手術用エネルギーの方法の工程は、電気外科手術エネルギーの 送りの間エンドエフェクタの間に患者の特定の組織の温度のパラメータに応答し た工程を含み、フィードバック回路は、対向面の一方に支持された温度センサを 含む。 電気外科手術用エネルギーの方法の工程は、インピーダンスモニタで電気外科 手術エネルギーの伝達の間アクティブとリターン電極の間に患者の特定の組織の インピーダンスによって制限される。 特定の組織の密封の間所定のクランプ力を維持する方法は、たわみ部材をシフ トすることによって実行され、対向面は、たわみ部材からの力で患者の特定の組 織をクランプする。 シフトの方法の工程は、たわみ部材から弾性偏倚によって特定の組織のような 密封の間所定のクランピング力を固定することが好ましく、最も好ましくは、ば ねで偏倚する工程を含むことが好ましい。 シフトの方法の工程は、細長い搬送ロッドでクランピング位置に特定の組織を 受けるそれらの開放位置の間でエンドエフォートを移動するステップでたわみ部 材によって特定の組織の密封の間所定のクランピング力を交互に固定することが できる。 アクチュエータによってシフトする方法の工程は、液圧結合で押す他の工程に よってたわみ部材の弾性によって患者の特定の組織を密封する間所定のクランプ 力を固定する。 アクチュエータでシフトする方法の工程は、スリップクラッチで押す段階でた わみ部材の弾性偏倚によって特定の組織の密封の間所定のクランプ力を固定する ことができる。 たわみ部材からの力を使用する段階によって特定の組織を密封する間所定のク ランプ圧力を維持する方法工程は、たわみ部材からの力を使用する工程を有し、 所定の範囲内の圧力は、固定連結で達成される。 図面の簡単な説明 第1図は、特定の血管組織を密封および/または結合するために電気外科手術 エネルギーを適用する間、患者の特定の血管組織を保持するために好ましい範囲 内でユーザが力を加えることができるようにするクランプ力機構の電気外科手術 用供給源および回路の概略図である。 第2図は、第1図の線2−2に沿って切られ、完全に開放した位置で示したユ ーザとエンドエフォートとの間のロストモーション接続部分としてばねが使用さ れるクランプ力機構を示す部分断面側面図である。 第3図は、第1図の線3−3に沿って切られ、エンドエフェクタが閉鎖位置で 示されたクランプ力機構を示す部分断面側面図である。 第4図は、第1図の線4−4に沿って切られ、エンドエフェクタが部分的に圧 縮された位置で示されたクランプ力機構を示す部分断面側面図である。 第5図は、第1図の線5−5に沿って切られ、エンドエフェクタが完全に閉鎖 した圧縮位置になるクランプ力機構を示す部分断面側面図である。 第6図は、ロストモーション接続部分としての液圧結合の部分斜視図である。 第7図は、ロストモーション接続部分としてのスリップクラッチの部分概略図 である。 発明の詳細な説明 第1図において、外科手術用器具のクランプ力機構10は、患者11の特定の 血管組織を密封しおよび/または接合するためにユーザがクランプし、力および 電気手術的エネルギーを加えるようにすることができるようにする。クランプ力 機構10は、ユーザ側13および患者側14を有する内視鏡手順に特に有効な細 長い支持体12を有する。アクチュエータ15はユーザ側13にあり、ユーザに よって作動される。一対のエンドエフェクタ16は、患者側14にあり、エンド エフェクタ16の対は、エンドエフェクタ16の対の動きをユーザ端部13から 作動可能にアクチュエータ15に接続されている。エンドエフェクタ16の対の 各々は、第2図、第3図、第4図および第5図に示すように患者の特定の組織と 接触可能な領域の対向面17を有する。 ロストモーション接続部分18は、第2図、第3図、第4図および第5図に示 すように患者側14のエンドエフェクタ16の対とユーザ側13のアクチュエー タ15との間に配置されている。ロストモーション接続部分18は、エンドエフ ェクタ16の対の間に患者11の特定の組織を密封する間所定のクランプ力の適 用を維持するためにエンドエフェクタ16の対にアクチュエータ15のユーザの 操作を伝達する。たわみ部材19は、ロスモーション接続部分18内にあり、対 向面17は、たわみ部材19からの力で患者11の特定の血管組織をクランプす る。たわみ部材19は、ロストモーション接続部分18の一部として患者側14 のエンドエフェクタ16の対とユーザ側13のアクチュエータ15近傍との間に ばね20を含む。ばね20は、ユーザ側13のアクチュエータ15近傍に配置さ れている。 ロストモーション接続部分18に接続された細長い伝達ロッド21は、第2図 、第3図、第4図および第5図に示すようにアクチュエータ15近傍のばね20 と患者側14のエンドエフェクタ16の対との間に配置されている。ロッド21 は、エンドエフェクタ16の対の間の患者11の特定の組織に所定の力を維持す るために患者11の特定の組織をクランプ位置に受けるために第2図の開放位置 との間で移動可能なようにエンドエフェクタ16の対に結合されている。 第2図、第3図、第4図および第5図に示すようにアクチュエータ15および たわみ部材19に接続された固定連結部材22は、所定の圧縮力の力を達成する ためにたわみ部材19からの力でその間に患者の特定の皮膚に対して保持された 対向面17を保持する。第3図、第4図および第5図は、力が加えられていない 水準、部分的に圧縮された水準、および完全に圧縮された水準の異なる水準を示 している。これは、キャッチ部分22aとノッチ部分22bとによって達成され るが、プリセット位置にアクチュエータ15を保持するステップ型ラッチ構成の 任意の形をも承諾可能である。アクチュエータ15のステップ型固定位置は、ユ ーザが固定連結部材22とたわみ部材19とを選択的に設定することができるよ うにし、密封する特定の血管組織によって所定の力を保持するために密封された 特定の血管組織の力を確立する。ステップ型固定位置は、もし所望ならば、動脈 または静脈または腸間膜のような異なる特定の血管組織に関連する。例えば、動 脈は、静脈よりも大きく閉鎖することを必要とする。動脈を閉鎖するために15 00グラム以上の閉鎖力が有効であることが分かった。静脈を閉鎖するためには 500グラム未満の閉鎖力は有効である。 第1図のエンドエフェクタ16の対の一方にアクティブな電極23が支持され ているが、エンドエフェクタ16の双方に支持することもできる。リターン電極 24は、患者11の組織と接触している。電気外科手術エネルギー源25は、エ ンドエフェクタ16の対のアクティブ電極23とリターン電極24とを接続する 。電気外科手術エネルギー源25は、患者11の特定の組織がエンドエフェクタ 16の対によって保持されるときアクティブ電極23とリターン電極24との間 において電気外科手術を行う。電気外科手術エネルギー源25は、電気外科手術 発電機26を含む。 フィードバック回路27は、電気外科手術発電機26内にある。フィードバッ ク回路27は、回路内にアクティブ電極23とリターン電極24とを有し、アク ティブ電極23とリターン電極24との間に配置された患者11の特定の組織を 通ってエネルギーの供給を支持するパラメータに応答する。 フィードバック回路27に接続された第2図の温度センサ28は、対向面17 の一方に支持され、電気外科手術エネルギーの供給中にエンドエフェクタの対の 間に患者11の特定の組織の温度パラメータに応答する。フィードバック回路2 7のインピーダンスモニタ29は、電気外科手術発電機26まで電気的に接続さ れている。インピーダンスモニタ29は、電気外科手術エネルギーの分配の間、 アクティブ電極23とリターン電極24との間で患者11の特定の組織のインピ ーダンスのパラメータに応答する。 電気外科学的エネルギー源25に関連した第1図の制御回路30は、エンドエ フェクタ16の対の間で特定の組織を密封するために所定の力を加えることに応 答して患者11の特定の組織を保持するために電気外科手術エネルギーを印加す る。 リターン電極24は、アクティブ電極23とは反対のエンドエフェクタ16の 対の一方に第1図に示されている。リターン電極24は、アクティブ電極を支持 するエンドエフェクタ16の対の一方で電気的な絶縁体を有するとき、第3図に 示すようにアクティブ電極とリターン電極との間に配置される。特にリターン電 極は、第1図に示す患者11の組織に接続されたパッドである。 たわみ部材19は、ロストモーション接続部分18の部分として第6図に最も よく示すように液圧結合であり、患者側14のエンドエフェクタ16の対とユー ザ側13のアクチュエータ15の間に配置されている。液圧結合は、ユーザ側1 3でアクチュエータ15近傍に配置されているが、いかなる場所にも配置するこ とができる。液圧結合は、細長い伝達ロッド21に取り付けられたピストン31 を有することができる。液体は、圧縮され、フローティングプラグ34に弁33 によって調量され、フローティングプラグ34は、ばね35によって偏倚され、 液体の圧縮性は、主に弾性偏倚を付加するために使用される。 別の例として、たわみ部材19は、患者側14のエンドエフェクタ16と第7 図に示すようなユーザ側13のアクチュエータ15との間に配置されたロストモ ーションコネクション部材18内のスリップクラッチ36である。スリップクラ ッチ36は、ユーザ側でアクチュエータ15の近傍に配置されているのが好まし いが、他の任意の場所に配置することもできる。 第7図のスリップクラッチ36は、細長い伝達ロッド21に接続されているが 、ロッド21が往復動するとき、回動するように自在接続されるホイール37を 含む。ホイール37に対して回転可能なように参照符号39で旋回可能に取り付 けられたブレーキバンド38がある。ホイール37とブレーキバンド38との間 で 機能接続は、スリップクラッチ36のたわみ部材19として作用する。ばね40 が示されているが、たわみは、主にブレーキの摩擦を加える。 エンドエフェクタ16の対は、等しい予備設定された領域の各々に対向する面 を有する。対向面は、好ましい圧力が特定の組織に適用されるようにたわみ部材 19からの力で第1図に示すような患者11の特定の組織をクランプする。 この方法は、前述した器具のクランプ力機構10で患者の特定の血管組織を密 封および/または接続するためにユーザがクランプし力を適用し、電気外科手術 エネルギーを加えることができるようにする。方法は、ロストモーション接続部 分18でエンドエフェクタ16の対にアクチュエータ15のユーザ操作を伝達し 、ロストモーションコネクション部分18でエンドエフェクタ16の対の間に患 者11の特定の組織を密封するか接合する間、所定のクランプ力の適用を維持し 、電気外科手術エネルギー供給25に関連する制御でエンドエフェクタ16の対 の間のそのクランプに応答して患者11の特定の組織を密封およびまたは接合す る電気外科手術エネルギーを加えるステップを有する。 電気外科手術エネルギーを適用する方法のステップは、対向面17の一方に支 持された温度センサ28を含むフィードバック回路26で電気外科手術エネルギ ーの供給の間エンドエフェクタ16の対の間患者11の特定の組織の温度のパラ メータへの応答を含む。 電気外科手術エネルギーを加える方法は、インピーダンスモニタ27によって 電気外科手術エネルギーを供給する間、アクティブ電極とリターン電極との間で 患者11の特定の組織のインピーダンスに応答する工程を含む。 この方法は、アクチュエータ15によってロスモーションコネクション部材1 8のたわみ部材19のシフトによって患者11の特定の組織を密封および/また は接続する間所定のクランプ力の適用を維持し、対向面は、たわみ部材19から の力によって患者11の特定の組織をクランプする。 アクチュエータ15によってシフトする方法は、たわみ部材19の弾性によっ て、またばね20で押す工程を含むことによって患者11の特定の組織を密封す る間、所定のクランプ力を固定する。 アクチュエータ15でシフトする方法の工程は、アクチュエータ15の近傍の ばね20の間と患者側14のエンドエフェクタ16との間に配置された細長い伝 達ロッド21で患者11の特定の組織をクランプ位置に受けるためにそれらの開 放位置の間でエンドエフェクタエンドエフェクタ16の対を移動するステップを 含むことによって、またたわみ部材19によって患者11の特定の組織を密封す る間所定のクランプ力を固定する。 アクチュエータ15によってシフトする方法の工程は、たわみ部材19の弾性 によって、その部分として液圧結合で押圧するステップを含むことによって患者 の特定の組織を密封する間所定のクランプ力を固定する。 アクチュエータ15でシフトする方法の工程は、たわみ部材19の弾性によっ ておよびその一部にスリップクラッチを押圧するステップを含むことによって患 者11の特定の組織を密封する間所定のクランプ力を固定する。 患者11の特定の組織を密封する間、たわみ部材19からの力を使用するステ ップによって所定のクンランプ力を維持し、その結果、圧力は、特定の組織に適 用される。
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 ロエフラー,ドナルド・アール アメリカ合衆国コロラド州80027,ルイス ヴィル,リッジ・ビュー・ドライブ 614 (72)発明者 ルキアナウ,エス・ウェイド アメリカ合衆国コロラド州80301,ボール ダー,バッキンガム・ロード 7339 (72)発明者 ライアン,トーマス・ピー アメリカ合衆国コロラド州80525,フォー ト・コリンズ,パークビュー・ドライブ 729 【要約の続き】 タ29は、送られるエネルギーに応答する。制御部30 は、組織を保持し、それを密封およびまたは接合するた めにエネルギーを供給する。この方法は、ロストモーシ ョン接続部部分18によってエフェクタにユーザの動作 を伝達し、密封しながらクランプ力を維持し、保持され た組織を密封し、それを接続するように電気外科手術用 のエネルギーを供給する。エネルギーは温度またはイン ピーダンスとして付与される。この方法は、たわみ部材 19をシフトし、対向面17は、伝達ロッドを介して、 ばね20からの力でまたは所定の圧力の範囲にわたって 液圧結合またはスリップクラッチ36によってその対向 面の間に特定の組織をクランプする。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 1.患者の特定の血管組織を密封および/または接合するためにユーザがクラ ンプし力と電気外科手術のエネルギーとを供給することができるようにする外科 手術用器具のクランプ力機構(10)にして、 ユーザ側(13)および患者側(14)を有する細長い支持体(12)と、 ユーザによって作動可能なユーザ側(13)のアクチュエータ(15)と、 患者側(14)の一対のエンドエフェクタ(16)であって、このエンドエフ ェクタ(16)の対の少なくとも一方は、前記エンドエフェクタ(16)の対の 間の関連した動きをユーザ側(13)から制御するように作動可能なように前記 アクチュエータに接続され、前記エンドエフェクタ(16)の対の各々は、患者 の特定の組織と接触するように領域の対向面(17)を有する一対のエンドエフ ェクタ(16)と、 患者側の前記エンドエフェクタ(16)の対の少なくとも一方とユーザ側(1 3)の前記アクチュエータ(15)との間のロストモーション接続部分(18) であって、前記エンドエフェクタ(16)の対の間で患者の特定の組織を密封す る間、面領域上に所定のクランプ力を維持するために前記エンドエフェクタ(1 6)の対の少なくとも一方に前記アクチュエータ(15)のユーザの操作を伝達 するロストモーション接続部分(18)と、 前記エンドエフェクタ(16)の一方に支持されたアクティブ電極と、 このアクティブ電極との間に電界外科手術回路を形成するために患者の組織に 接触するリターン電極(24)と、 前記エンドエフェクタ(16)の対の前記アクティブ電極と前記リターン電極 (24)とに接続された電気外科手術エネルギー源(25)であって、患者の特 定の組織は、前記エンドエフェクタ(16)の対によって保持されるとき前記ア クティブ電極と前記リターン電極の間の前記電気外科手術回路を通って電気外科 手術エネルギーを供給する電気外科手術エネルギー源と、 前記エンドエフェクタ(16)の間で特定の組織を密封するために加えられた 所定の力に応答して、保持された患者の特定の組織へ前記電気外科手術エネルギ ーを印加するために電気外科手術エネルギー源(25)と関連する制御部(30 ) とを有するクランプ力機構(10)。 2.前記アクチュエータ(15)と前記エンドエフェクタ(16)との間のロ ストモーション接続部分は、たわみ部材(19)を有し、対向面(17)は、面 領域上でクランプ中に密封をしながら所定の力を達成するためにたわみ部材(1 9)からの力で患者の特定の組織をクランプする請求項1に記載のクランプ力機 構。 3.アクチュエータ(15)とたわみ部材(19)に結合された固定連結部分 (22)は、面領域上の所定の力を達成するようにたわみ部材(19)からの力 によって患者の特定の組織に対して保持された対向面(17)を保持し、アクチ ュエータ(15)のステップ型固定位置は、結合された固定連結部分(22)を ユーザが選択的に設定できるようにし、たわみ部材(19)は、密封される特定 の組織に応じて所定の力を保持するために密封された特定の血管組織に関して面 領域上に選択された力を確立する請求項2に記載のクランプ力機構。 4.前記電気外科手術エネルギー供給源(25)は、前記アクティブ電極およ び前記リターン電極(24)を有する回路内にフィードバック回路(27)を有 する電気外科手術発電機(26)を有し、フィードバック回路(27)は、エン ドエフェクタ(16)の間に配置された患者の組織のエネルギー配分を指示する パラメータに応答する請求項1に記載のクランプ力機構(10)。 5.前記フィードバック回路(27)は、インピーダンスモニタ(29)を有 し、このインピーダンスモニタ(29)は、電気外科手術発電機(26)に接続 されており、前記インピーダンス回路は、電気外科手術エネルギーの供給の間ア クティブ電極とリターン電極(24)との間で患者の特定の組織のインピーダン スのパラメータに応答する請求項5に記載のクランプ力機構。 6.前記フィードバック回路(27)は、エンドエフェクタ(16)の対の一 方に支持された温度センサ(28)を有し、前記温度センサ(28)は、電気外 科手術エネルギーを供給する間エンドエフェクタ(16)の対の間に患者の特定 の組織の温度パラメータに応答する請求項4に記載のクランプ力機構(10)。 7.前記たわみ部材(19)は、ロストモーション接続部分(18)として患 者側(14)のエンドエフェクタ(16)の対の間に配置されたばね(20)で ある請求項1に記載のクランプ力機構(10)。 8.前記ロストモーション接続部分(18)は、患者側(14)のアクチュエ ータ(15)とエンドエフェクタ(16)の近傍にばね(20)の間に細長い伝 達ロッド2(1)を有し、この伝達ロッドは、エンドエフェクタ(16)の対の 間の患者の特定の組織に所定の力を維持するために患者の特定の組織をクランプ 位置に受ける開放位置の間で運動可能なようにエンドエフェクタの対に結合され 、前記リターン電極(24)は、アクティブ電極とは反対のエンドエフェクタの 対の一方にある請求項6に記載のクランプ力機構(10)。 9.前記たわみ部材(19)は、患者側でエンドエフェクタ(16)の対とユ ーザエンド(13)側でアクチュエータとの間のロストモーション接続部分(1 8)の部分として液圧結合であり、液圧結合は、ユーザ側(13)でアクチュエ ータ(15)近傍に配置されている請求項1に記載のクランプ力機構。 10.前記たわみ部材(19)は、患者側でエンドエフェクタ(16)の対と ユーザエンド(13)側でアクチュエータとの間でロストモーション接続部分( 18)内のスリップクラッチ(36)であり、前記スリップクラッチは、ユーザ 側(13)でアクチュエータ(15)近傍に配置されている請求項1に記載のク ランプ力機構。 11.エンドエフェクタ(16)の対の各々は、等しくかつプリセットされた 領域の対向面(17)を有し、アクチュエータ(15)は、患者の特定の組織を 把持するために第1の力を付与し、アクチェータ(15)は、ユーザによって前 進されるとき、前記圧力が300ないし2500gの範囲の閉鎖力によって対向 面(17)の間でクランプするために特定の組織に圧力が付与されるようにたわ み部材(19)からの第2の大きな圧力を付与する請求項10に記載のクランプ 力機構。
JP9512514A 1995-09-19 1996-08-12 血管組織密封圧制御装置およびその制御方法 Pending JPH10511030A (ja)

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US6179834B1 (en) 2001-01-30
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CA2228436C (en) 2001-05-08
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