JPH10503525A - カンプトテシン誘導体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
カンプトテシン誘導体及びその製造方法Info
- Publication number
- JPH10503525A JPH10503525A JP8521569A JP52156996A JPH10503525A JP H10503525 A JPH10503525 A JP H10503525A JP 8521569 A JP8521569 A JP 8521569A JP 52156996 A JP52156996 A JP 52156996A JP H10503525 A JPH10503525 A JP H10503525A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- compound
- mmol
- camptothecin
- dichloromethane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- VSJKWCGYPAHWDS-FQEVSTJZSA-N camptothecin Chemical class C1=CC=C2C=C(CN3C4=CC5=C(C3=O)COC(=O)[C@]5(O)CC)C4=NC2=C1 VSJKWCGYPAHWDS-FQEVSTJZSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- -1 acetoxyethyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229940127093 camptothecin Drugs 0.000 claims description 24
- KLWPJMFMVPTNCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Camptothecin Natural products CCC1(O)C(=O)OCC2=C1C=C3C4Nc5ccccc5C=C4CN3C2=O KLWPJMFMVPTNCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- VSJKWCGYPAHWDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dl-camptothecin Natural products C1=CC=C2C=C(CN3C4=CC5=C(C3=O)COC(=O)C5(O)CC)C4=NC2=C1 VSJKWCGYPAHWDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 117
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 33
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 32
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 22
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 21
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 17
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 16
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 13
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 11
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 11
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 9
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 9
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 6
- IOOMXAQUNPWDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[6-(diethylamino)-3-(diethyliminiumyl)-3h-xanthen-9-yl]-5-sulfobenzene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1S([O-])(=O)=O IOOMXAQUNPWDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 5
- SUGXZLKUDLDTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-nitrophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O SUGXZLKUDLDTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102000003915 DNA Topoisomerases Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000323 DNA Topoisomerases Proteins 0.000 description 4
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 4
- UWKQSNNFCGGAFS-XIFFEERXSA-N irinotecan Chemical compound C1=C2C(CC)=C3CN(C(C4=C([C@@](C(=O)OC4)(O)CC)C=4)=O)C=4C3=NC2=CC=C1OC(=O)N(CC1)CCC1N1CCCCC1 UWKQSNNFCGGAFS-XIFFEERXSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 4
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCCCN2CCCN=C21 GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012591 Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline Substances 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000001382 Experimental Melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000012980 RPMI-1640 medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003013 cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000135 cytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 229960001760 dimethyl sulfoxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012091 fetal bovine serum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002832 nitroso derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004614 tumor growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZBPHPBWGQALQCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroindolizine Chemical compound C1C=CC=C2CCCN21 ZBPHPBWGQALQCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LDLCZOVUSADOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromoethanol Chemical compound OCCBr LDLCZOVUSADOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010003445 Ascites Diseases 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical class [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006242 amine protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
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- GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;hydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound [Li+].O.[OH-] GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000004184 methoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000343 potassium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JTNCEQNHURODLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanimidamide Chemical compound NC(=N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JTNCEQNHURODLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKEJMUZBTUVRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-morpholin-4-yl-1-(2-nitrophenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)CCN1CCOCC1 MKEJMUZBTUVRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUXVKZWTXQUGMW-FQEVSTJZSA-N 9-Aminocamptothecin Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=C2C=C(CN3C4=CC5=C(C3=O)COC(=O)[C@]5(O)CC)C4=NC2=C1 FUXVKZWTXQUGMW-FQEVSTJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000759905 Camptotheca acuminata Species 0.000 description 1
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- LBPJMXALZUHUPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl n-[3-(2-aminophenyl)-3-oxopropyl]-n-benzylcarbamate Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)CCN(C(=O)OCC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 LBPJMXALZUHUPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKXHCNPAFAXVRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[NH3+]CC1=CC=CC=C1 XKXHCNPAFAXVRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003963 dichloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDYMFSUJUZBWLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N endosulfan Chemical compound C12COS(=O)OCC2C2(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl RDYMFSUJUZBWLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- JXYZHMPRERWTPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;morpholine;chloride Chemical compound Cl.C1COCCN1 JXYZHMPRERWTPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007031 hydroxymethylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960004768 irinotecan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 201000001441 melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSPJNIDYTSSIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxy(methoxymethoxy)methane Chemical compound COCOCOC NSPJNIDYTSSIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N n'-amino-n-iminomethanimidamide Chemical compound N\N=C\N=N VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- YTNDODBBSZCEFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanamine propanal Chemical compound C(CC)=O.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)N YTNDODBBSZCEFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfate Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])(=O)=O CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UFUASNAHBMBJIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-one Chemical compound CC[C]=O UFUASNAHBMBJIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBQKCCHYAOITMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-2-ol Chemical group OC1=CC=CC=N1 UBQKCCHYAOITMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006462 rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N renifolin D Natural products CC(=C)[C@@H]1Cc2c(O)c(O)ccc2[C@H]1CC(=O)c3ccc(O)cc3O BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000342 sodium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Inorganic materials O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- UCFGDBYHRUNTLO-QHCPKHFHSA-N topotecan Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(CN(C)C)=C2C=C(CN3C4=CC5=C(C3=O)COC(=O)[C@]5(O)CC)C4=NC2=C1 UCFGDBYHRUNTLO-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000303 topotecan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UMFCIIBZHQXRCJ-NSCUHMNNSA-N trans-anol Chemical compound C\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 UMFCIIBZHQXRCJ-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012588 trypsin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D491/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00
- C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D491/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D491/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00
- C07D491/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
- C07D491/14—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.下記一般式(I)で示されるカンプトテシン誘導体及び薬剤学的に許容され るその塩: 前記式で、Rは水素或いは-(CH2)2-NR1R2(R1は水素或いは一般的なアミノ保護基 を示し、R2は低級アルキル基、ヒドロキシエチル、或いはアセトキシエチルを示 し、またR2は隣接した窒素と結合してヘテロ環化合物を形成することができる) を示し; n=1或いは2であり; (R7はメチル、エチル、またはCH3OCH2CH2-を示す)を示す]であり; 前記式で、 n=2であり、R4が水素である場合には、Rは水素ではなく; また、n=2、R3が水素である場合には、Rは水素ではなく; また、Rが-CH2CH2NHCH3である場合には、R3は水素ではない。 2.下記一般式(II)で示されるカンプトテシン合成中間体: 前記式で、R’は−(CH2)2-NR1R2(R1は一般的なアミノ保護基を示し、R2 は低級アルキル基、ヒドロキシエチル、或いはアセトキシエチルを示し、R2は 隣接した窒素と結合してヘテロ環化合物を形成することができる)を示す。 3.下記一般式(III)で示されるカンプトテシン合成中間体: 前記式で、 l) ;CH2OR7(R7=メチル、エチル、または-CH2OCH2CH3)]であり; 前記式で、 n=2であり、R4が水素である場合には、Rは水素ではなく; また、n=2、R3が水素である場合には、Rは水素ではなく; また、Rが-CH2CH2NHCH3である場合には、R3は水素ではない。 4.下記一般式(II)の化合物を、下記一般式(III)の化合物と酸性条件下で 反応させる段階を含む下記一般式(I)化合物の製造方法 前記式で、 Rは水素或いは-(CH2)2-NR1R2(R1は水素或いは一般的なアミノ保護基を 示し、R2は低級アルキル基、ヒドロキシエチル、或いはアセトキシエチルを示し 、また、R2は隣接した窒素と結合してヘテロ環化合物を形成することができる) を示し; R'は水素或いは-(CH2)2-NR1R2であり、R1は一般的なアミノ保護基を示 し、R2は低級アルキル基、ヒドロキシエチル、或いはアセトキシエチルであり、 また、R2は隣接した窒素と結合してヘテロ環化合物を形成することができる; n=1、或いは2であり; R6(R6はイソプロピル、フェニル、-CH2CH2Clを示す);CH2OR7(R7はメチル、エ チル、CH3OCH2CH2-を示す)を示す]であり; 前記式で、 n=2であり、R4が水素である場合には、Rは水素ではなく; また、n=2、R3が水素である場合には、Rは水素ではなく; また、Rが-CH2CH2NHCH3である場合には、R3は水素ではない。 5.下記一般式(I)で示されるカンプトテシン誘導体及び薬剤学的に許容され るその塩を含有する抗癌剤: 前記式で、 Rは水素或いは-(CH2)2-NR1R2、(R1は水素、或いは一般的なアミノ保護 基を示し、R2は低級アルキル基、ヒドロキシエチル、或いはアセトキシエチルを 示し、また、R2は隣接した窒素と結合してヘテロ環化合物を形成することができ る)を示し; n=1、或いは2であり; CH2OR7(R7はメチル、エチル、CH3OCH2CH2-を示す)を示す]であり; 前記式で、 n=2であり、R4が水素である場合には、Rは水素ではなく; また、n=2、R3が水素である場合には、Rは水素ではなく; また、Rが -CH2CH2NHCH3である場合には、R3は水素ではない。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019950000269A KR960029336A (ko) | 1995-01-09 | 1995-01-09 | 캄토테신 유도체, 그의 제조 방법 및 이를 함유하는 항암제 |
KR1995/269 | 1995-01-09 | ||
PCT/KR1996/000004 WO1996021666A1 (en) | 1995-01-09 | 1996-01-09 | Camptothecin derivatives and its manufacturing method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH10503525A true JPH10503525A (ja) | 1998-03-31 |
JP3023990B2 JP3023990B2 (ja) | 2000-03-21 |
Family
ID=19406538
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP8521569A Expired - Lifetime JP3023990B2 (ja) | 1995-01-09 | 1996-01-09 | カンプトテシン誘導体及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6265413B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0802915B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3023990B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR960029336A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1077575C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU4400696A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2208639C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69625176T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996021666A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007514779A (ja) * | 2003-12-17 | 2007-06-07 | バイオニューメリック・ファーマスーティカルズ・インコーポレイテッド | カンプトテシン誘導体の製造方法 |
JP2008273952A (ja) * | 2001-02-21 | 2008-11-13 | Yakult Honsha Co Ltd | カンプトテシン関連化合物の合成方法 |
WO2016027757A1 (ja) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-02-25 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 新規2-アミノベンゾイル誘導体 |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5708005A (en) * | 1995-06-27 | 1998-01-13 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Quinolines, their production and use |
SG88737A1 (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 2002-05-21 | Tanabe Seiyaku Co | S type 2-substituted hydroxy-2-indolidinylbutyric ester compounds and process for preparation thereof |
IN189180B (ja) * | 1997-07-09 | 2003-01-04 | Chong Kun Dang Corp | |
US6352996B1 (en) * | 1999-08-03 | 2002-03-05 | The Stehlin Foundation For Cancer Research | Liposomal prodrugs comprising derivatives of camptothecin and methods of treating cancer using these prodrugs |
EP1433789A1 (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2004-06-30 | Aponetics AG | Pyrrolopyrazines and their use as selective apoptosis inducers |
ITMI20061475A1 (it) * | 2006-07-26 | 2008-01-27 | Indena Spa | Derivati della camptotecina ad attivita antitumorale |
CN101824038B (zh) * | 2009-03-06 | 2013-08-21 | 复旦大学 | 喜树碱及其类似物的制备方法 |
CN107428770B (zh) * | 2014-10-22 | 2019-10-01 | 维瓦西塔斯肿瘤学公司 | 用于喜树碱类似物合成的方法和体系 |
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TW202304524A (zh) | 2021-04-10 | 2023-02-01 | 美商普方生物製藥美國公司 | Folr1結合劑、其結合物及使用方法 |
CA3216459A1 (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-10-27 | Profoundbio Us Co. | Anti-cd70 antibodies, conjugates thereof and methods of using the same |
TW202320857A (zh) | 2021-07-06 | 2023-06-01 | 美商普方生物製藥美國公司 | 連接子、藥物連接子及其結合物及其使用方法 |
CN116253741B (zh) * | 2022-12-30 | 2024-02-02 | 上海禧耀医药科技有限公司 | 一种贝洛替康衍生物的合成方法 |
CN116478051B (zh) * | 2023-04-13 | 2024-06-21 | 戊言医药科技(上海)有限公司 | 一种贝洛替康盐酸盐及其关键中间体的制备方法 |
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JPS5198300A (en) * | 1975-02-20 | 1976-08-30 | Kanputoteshin oyobi sonoruijitaino seizoho | |
JPS5839685A (ja) * | 1981-09-04 | 1983-03-08 | Yakult Honsha Co Ltd | 新規なカンプトテシン誘導体及びその製造法 |
JPS58154582A (ja) | 1982-03-10 | 1983-09-14 | Yakult Honsha Co Ltd | 新規なカンプトテシン誘導体およびその製造法 |
US4894456A (en) | 1987-03-31 | 1990-01-16 | Research Triangle Institute | Synthesis of camptothecin and analogs thereof |
DE69131775T2 (de) | 1990-09-28 | 2000-04-20 | Smithkline Beecham Corp. | Verfahren zur Herstellung wasserlöslicher Camptothecinanaloge, sowie die Verbindungen 10-Hydroxy-11-C(1-6)-alkoxycamptothecin |
EP0540099B1 (en) | 1991-10-29 | 1996-04-17 | Glaxo Wellcome Inc. | Water soluble camptothecin derivatives |
US5391745A (en) * | 1992-07-23 | 1995-02-21 | Sloan-Kettering Institute For Cancer Research | Methods of preparation of camptothecin analogs |
-
1995
- 1995-01-09 KR KR1019950000269A patent/KR960029336A/ko unknown
-
1996
- 1996-01-09 DE DE69625176T patent/DE69625176T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-09 EP EP96900458A patent/EP0802915B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-09 AU AU44006/96A patent/AU4400696A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-01-09 KR KR1019960000248A patent/KR0163267B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1996-01-09 CA CA002208639A patent/CA2208639C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-09 CN CN96191392A patent/CN1077575C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-09 JP JP8521569A patent/JP3023990B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-09 US US08/860,655 patent/US6265413B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-09 WO PCT/KR1996/000004 patent/WO1996021666A1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1999
- 1999-03-26 US US09/277,178 patent/US6177568B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008273952A (ja) * | 2001-02-21 | 2008-11-13 | Yakult Honsha Co Ltd | カンプトテシン関連化合物の合成方法 |
JP2007514779A (ja) * | 2003-12-17 | 2007-06-07 | バイオニューメリック・ファーマスーティカルズ・インコーポレイテッド | カンプトテシン誘導体の製造方法 |
JP4701185B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-17 | 2011-06-15 | バイオニューメリック・ファーマスーティカルズ・インコーポレイテッド | カンプトテシン誘導体の製造方法 |
WO2016027757A1 (ja) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-02-25 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 新規2-アミノベンゾイル誘導体 |
JPWO2016027757A1 (ja) * | 2014-08-18 | 2017-07-20 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 新規2−アミノベンゾイル誘導体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1077575C (zh) | 2002-01-09 |
EP0802915B1 (en) | 2002-12-04 |
DE69625176D1 (de) | 2003-01-16 |
JP3023990B2 (ja) | 2000-03-21 |
WO1996021666A1 (en) | 1996-07-18 |
EP0802915A1 (en) | 1997-10-29 |
KR960029337A (ko) | 1996-08-17 |
AU4400696A (en) | 1996-07-31 |
CN1168139A (zh) | 1997-12-17 |
KR960029336A (ko) | 1996-08-17 |
US6265413B1 (en) | 2001-07-24 |
DE69625176T2 (de) | 2003-07-10 |
CA2208639A1 (en) | 1996-07-18 |
KR0163267B1 (ko) | 1998-12-01 |
CA2208639C (en) | 2001-07-31 |
US6177568B1 (en) | 2001-01-23 |
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