JPH10251087A - Organic fermented fertilizer and its use - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To microbially solve the prevention of lodging in rice cropping, replant failure, prevention of weed generation and repelling of nematode damage as well as the problems that farm households managing fruit gardening, etc., and rice cropping and farming farm households encounter. SOLUTION: This org. fermented fertilizer is prepd. by mixing the AT-3 bacteria (Trust Number FERM P-16073) deposited to a Patented Microorganism Deposition Center with org. matter, such as poultry dung, cattle dung, swine dung, rice straw and fallen leaves. This method of using the org. fermented fertilizer consists in executing prevention or control by using the org. fermented fertilizer in the fields, etc., having the possibility of the occurrence of violet root rot, replant failure, weed control, lodging in rice cropping, nematode damage, etc.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention is not only effective as a fertilizer for agricultural crops, but also an organic substance which is effective for prevention of continuous cropping failure and purple stripe disease, control of weeds, prevention of lodging of rice, control of nematodes, etc. The present invention relates to a fermentation fertilizer and a method of using the same, particularly, using AT-3 bacteria deposited at the Patent Microorganisms Depositary Center obtained as a result of research and culture.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, fermentation of chicken dung and the like has been mainly carried out by open pile fermentation.
It was customary to maintain 60 ° C. This fermentation is due to molds that are difficult to grow at high temperatures. If the temperature becomes high at around 70 ° C., the bacteria die and fermentation stops, so fermentation at a high temperature around 70 ° C. is not performed. In addition, it seems that chicken dung after fermentation could not be considered other than use as a fertilizer.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present inventor has studied diligently on the assumption that the use of a special fungus for fermentation of chicken dung or the like may cause the fermented chicken dung or the like to exhibit an unprecedented effect. In particular, it is a disease that infects the roots of crops, mainly fruit trees such as grapes, pears, apples, plums, figs, and peaches, and causes roots to rot and die. The purple crested sickness was expected to be immediately resolved by orchard growers. In addition, there are many problems to be solved for farmers engaged in prevention of lodging of rice cultivation, obstacles to continuous cropping, prevention of weeds, control of nematode damage and orchard horticulture, and rice cultivation and upland farmers.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems In place of the conventional fermentation of chicken manure and the like, the organic fermented fertilizer obtained as a result of fermentation by a special bacterium is considered to solve the above problems, and various studies have been made. As a result, organic microorganisms such as chicken dung, cow dung, swine dung, rice straw, litter, etc., were deposited at the Patent Microorganisms Depositary Center (abbreviated as Patented Microorganisms Depositary Center) at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.
AT (Accession No. FERMP-16073, Accepted February 10, 1997)
It was confirmed that an organic fermented fertilizer fermented and aged by mixing -3 bacteria could solve the above problems. In addition, this AT-3
The fungus enabled fermentation and maturation at a high temperature of 60-70 ° C, and it was confirmed that the organic fermented fertilizer obtained thereby also solved the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The AT-3 bacteria capable of high-temperature fermentation deposited by the Patent Microorganisms Depositary Center, which have been successfully cultured by the present inventors, include Bacillus subtilis AT-3 and Bacillus stearothermophilus.
ophilus) refers to a mixture of two bacterial species of AT-3. Bacillus
subtilis AT-3 has antifungal activity against at least fungi such as plant pathogenic fungi such as moth rot. Bacillus subti
lis AT-3 has an optimal growth temperature of 37 ° C and Bacillus stearot
hermophilus AT-3 has an optimum temperature of 55 ° C. Taxonomically, both species are bacteria of the genus Bacillus. It is believed that such a mixture of two bacterial species produces a synergistic effect.

Utilizing this synergistic effect, Bacillus stearotherm having an optimum temperature of 55 ° C. for organic matter such as chicken dung, cow dung, pig dung, rice straw, defoliated leaves and the like which has been previously sterilized by heating at 85 to 95 ° C.
First, fermentation and maturation at a high temperature in the range of 60 to 70 ° C. are performed by ophilus AT-3, which is fermentation at a temperature at which ordinary lactic acid bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, and the like cannot proliferate. Fermentation is enabled while preventing the propagation of various bacteria such as anaerobic bacteria. Next, Bacillus subtilis AT-3 with an optimal temperature of 37 ° C
At 45-30 ° C. At this time, lactic acid bacteria already
Anaerobic bacteria and the like cannot be propagated due to the high temperature in the pre-fermentation step, and ideal fermentation and maturation are performed such that fermentation is enabled while preventing propagation of various bacteria.

The use of this organic fermented fertilizer for prevention or control using purple fertilizer, continuous cropping failure, weed control, prevention of lodging of rice cultivation, control of nematode damage, etc. is also examined. And got good results. The fermented organic fertilizers of the present invention include those mainly composed of solids and those in the form of liquids or pastes obtained by mixing AT-3 bacteria with organic substances such as chicken dung and the like and present in water and fermenting and aging them.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Example Culture of AT-3 Fungus Chicken manure was deposited at room temperature and allowed to stand for about 2 weeks, but a white cheese-like hypha mass was grown on the top. This was cultured on an agar medium and broth in an incubator at 37 ° C. for 2 days. The composition of the bouillon is shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Composition of agar medium or broth (parts by weight) Bovine brain extract powder 7.5 Sodium chloride 5.0 Heart extract 8.0 Potassium hydrogen phosphate 2.5 peptone 10.0 Agar 15.0 Dextrose 2. 0 (No agar for bouillon)

After the broth culture was repeated a plurality of times from the formed colonies, the following test was conducted. Confirmation of biochemical properties is based on a bacterial identification kit (API50CH and API20).

Production of Organic Fermented Fertilizer Chicken manure (or cow dung or the like) is put into a well-known vertical (or horizontal) fermenter that can be aerated and stirred.
Heat sterilization at 95 ° C. Next, after returning this to room temperature,
Inoculate and mix 15 kg of AT-3 bacteria per 2000 kg of chicken manure,
For 3 days, the operation of rotating for 15 minutes and stopping for 30 minutes was repeated for fermentation. Thereafter, aging was performed at 37 ° C. for 3 days. This was taken out of the fermenter and subjected to the following use test.

Use Example 1 of Organic Fermented Fertilizer The organic fermented fertilizer of the present invention was used in a test for preventing continuous cropping failure of spinach grown in summer. Test location Yatsuka-mura, Maniwa-gun, Okayama test area: 10 fertilizers of the present invention containing AT-3 bacteria
300kg per round. Control: Soil disinfection with chlorpicrin Spinach was sown on July 28, 1995,
Harvested on 27 and 31 days. As a result, the yield of the test plot was 29.3 boxes, and that of the control plot was 23.3 boxes.

Use Example 2 Test place Kusagabe, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture Between March and May 1995, a book containing AT-3 bacteria was found on the trees on both sides of the grape vine with Momba (purple scab) disease. Spread 1-2 kg per 1 tsubo of the organic fermented fertilizer of the present invention, sprinkle a large amount of water, and until the dissolved water of AT-3 bacteria reaches 50 cm underground.
Moreover, they were evenly distributed. as a result,
As of January 1997, none of the treated vines had Momba disease.

Use Example 3 A test was conducted to prevent the occurrence of bacterial wilt of eggplant. Test location Nadazaki-cho, Kojima-gun, Okayama Pref.
-3 fermented organic fertilizer of the present invention containing bacteria
0Kg plow. Control plot: a place where no bacterial wilt occurred in 1994 As a result, the test plot had no bacterial wilt as of January 1997. On the other hand, in the control plot, no bacterial wilt disease occurred in 1994, but considerable occurrence was observed.
Sterilization of the bacterial wilt disease of AT-3 was confirmed.

Use Example 4 A herbicidal effect test was conducted. Test location Nikkachi, Okayama City, Okayama Pref. On May 20, 1996, AT-3 containing 15kg per paddy field
Twenty bags of the organic fermented fertilizer of the present invention containing fungi were sprayed and plowed. We planted rice on June 10 after 20 days. Three rice varieties were tested: Kuju glue, Akita Komachi, and Koshihikari. As a result of observing whether or not grass grows at the time of harvest at the end of June, the end of July, the end of August, and the middle of October, no occurrence was observed at any time. It completely suppressed the occurrence of weeds and also exhibited a remarkable effect on preventing lodging of rice. In addition, the harvest is 10-30 compared to the control plot.
Revenues increased.

Nematode extermination test On January 20, 1997, a nematode was introduced into a culture solution of AT-3 bacteria in a laboratory, and the movement of the nematode was observed. After 6 hours, the nematode stopped moving at all. Nematodes are not killed but AT-
It is presumed that the activity stopped due to the growth of three bacteria. Based on the results, 5 liters of a culture solution of AT-3 bacteria was sprayed per 3.3 m ^{2 on a} field (crop ginseng) where damage to nematodes was large.
As a result, there was no nematode damage even after 4 months.

[0017]

According to the present invention, by mixing AT-3 bacteria capable of fermentation even at a special high temperature with chicken manure conventionally used as a fertilizer and fermenting, not only the effect as a fertilizer but also continuous crop failure and purple scab Prevention, weed control, rice cultivation prevention,
It has become possible to provide an organic fermented fertilizer that is effective in controlling nematode damage. This is a significant invention that enables increased production of crops and horticultural products without using pesticides.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An AT-3 bacterium deposited at the Patent Microorganisms Depositary Center for organic matter such as chicken dung, cow dung, pig dung, rice straw, and defoliation.
(Accession No. FERM P-16073) and fermented and matured. 2. For organic matter such as chicken dung, cow dung, swine dung, rice straw, deciduous leaves, etc., which has been previously sterilized by heating at 85 to 95 ° C., AT-3 bacteria deposited at the Patent Microorganisms Depositary Center (Accession No. FERMP-16073).
An organic fermented fertilizer obtained by mixing and fermenting at a high temperature within a range of 60 to 70 ° C. and then aging at a low temperature of 45 to 30 ° C. 3. Use of the organic fermented fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2 for prevention or control using in a field or the like where there is a possibility of causing Momba disease, continuous cropping failure, weed control, rice lodging, nematode damage and the like. Characteristic method of using organic fermented fertilizer.