JPH09287787A - Smoke discharging control system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a cost of a smoke discharging fan and continue an operation of the smoke discharging fan for a long period of time. SOLUTION: At a high-rise building 10 having a living room 1, a corridor 2, an escaping stairs room 4, an escaping stairs additional room 3 and an elevator shaft 5, there are provided a first anti-smoke door 11 arranged between the living room 1 and the corridor 2, a second anti-smoke door 12 arranged within the living room 1 while being adjacent to the first anti-smoke door 11, a smoke discharging fan 7 connected to the living room 1 and the corridor 2 while the first anti-smoke door 11 being held therebetween, and pressurizing fans 8, 9 connected to the escaping stairs additional room and the elevator shaft. When a fire occurs at the living room 1, for example, the first and second anti-fire doors 11, 12 are closed to form a smoke trap 13 at an entrance of the living room 1, then pressurized air in the escaping stairs additional room and the elevator shaft is mixed with smoke leaked out of the living room and then the mixed gas is discharged.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention belongs to the technical field of smoke emission measures in case of fire in high-rise buildings such as office buildings and hotels.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a high-rise building such as an office building or a hotel, as a method of preventing smoke from flowing from the elevator shaft to another floor at the time of fire, a method of pressurizing the elevator shaft to prevent smoke is known. This will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, 1 is a living room, 2 is a corridor, 3 is a room with evacuation stairs,
Reference numeral 4 is a staircase, 5 is an elevator shaft, a smoke exhaust fan 7 is connected to the ceiling of the living room 1, an escape window 6 is provided on the ceiling of the corridor 2, and an evacuation staircase attachment room 3 and an elevator shaft 5 are added. The pressure fans 8 and 9 are connected. In the event of a fire, the smoke in the living room 1 is exhausted by the smoke exhaust fan 7, and the evacuation staircase room 3 and the elevator shaft 5 are pressurized by the pressurizing fans 8 and 9 so that the smoke flow from the elevator shaft to other floors. I try to prevent it.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional smoke exhaust method, since a wide range of smoke is exhausted in the living room 1, the capacity of the smoke exhaust fan must be increased and the cost is increased. When the smoke temperature reaches 280 ° C., the fire damper is closed, and the smoke exhaust fan cannot continue to operate.

The present invention solves the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a flue gas control system capable of reducing the cost of the flue gas fan and continuing the operation of the flue gas fan for a long time. And

[0005]

Therefore, a smoke control system according to the present invention is provided between a living room, a corridor, an evacuation staircase, an evacuation staircase attached room, and a high-rise building provided with an elevator shaft, between the living room and the corridor. The first smokeproof door provided,
A second smokeproof door provided in the living room in the vicinity of the smokeproof door, a smoke exhaust fan connected to the living room and the ceiling of the corridor with the first smokeproof door interposed therebetween, and an evacuation staircase attached room And a pressurizing fan connected to the elevator shaft, and in the event of a fire in the living room, the first and second doors are closed to form a small front room at the entrance of the living room. It is characterized by mixing pressurized air with smoke that has leaked from the living room and discharging the smoke.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a smoke emission control system of the present invention, FIG. 1 (A) is a configuration diagram, and FIG. 1 (B).
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining smoke emission control during a fire.

In FIG. 1A, the high-rise building 10 has
A living room 1, a corridor 2, an evacuation staircase attachment room 3, an evacuation staircase room 4 and an elevator shaft 5 are provided. Living room 1 and corridor 2
A normally closed first smoke door 11 made of steel is provided between the two, and a normally open second fire door 12 is provided in the living room 1 in the vicinity of the first smoke door 11. 1 smoke door 11 and 2 fire door 1
Smoke trap 13 between 2 (smoke exhaust chamber, small chamber)
Can be formed. The second fire door 12 is usually housed in the ceiling or on the wall surface, and is closed by a drive device (not shown) by pressing the manual button 14 installed on the wall surface of the corridor.

A smoke exhaust fan 7 is connected to the smoke trap 13 on the side of the living room 1 and the ceiling of the corridor 2 with the first smokeproof door 11 interposed therebetween, and the evacuation staircase attachment room 3 and the elevator shaft 5 are pressurized respectively. The fans 8 and 9 are connected. A normally closed door 15 is provided between the corridor 2 and the evacuation staircase room 3, and a normally closed door 16 is provided between the evacuation staircase room 3 and the evacuation staircase room 4.

A method of controlling smoke emission according to the present invention having the above structure will be described. The feature of the smoke control system of the present invention is that smoke is not emitted from the living room 1 when the living room 1 is in a fire.
The smoke trap 13 is formed at the entrance of the living room 1, and the air which pressurizes the evacuation staircase attachment room 3 and the elevator shaft 5 is
By mixing the smoke leaking from the living room 1 and discharging the smoke,
This is to lower the temperature of smoke and continue the operation of the smoke exhaust fan 7 for a long time.

In the present invention, the inflow of smoke to the air supply side is prevented by the differential pressure generated by air supply and exhaust. In general, if there is a pressure difference of 2 Pa before and after the door, it is possible to prevent the propagation of smoke. Therefore, the first smokeproof door 11
A smoke exhaust fan 7 is connected to the smoke trap 13 and the ceiling of the corridor 2 so as to maintain a pressure difference of 2 Pa or more between the living room 1 and the corridor 2 and between the corridor 2 and the evacuation staircase annex 3. However, evacuees cannot open the door 100
Control is performed by the illustrated relief damper 17 or the like so as not to exceed Pa (about 10 kgf / m ² ).

Regarding the evacuation staircase 4, the effect of pressurization is difficult to be exerted because the entrance doors of the evacuation staircase on many floors are opened during evacuation. Therefore, the evacuation staircase 4 is not pressurized, and the evacuation staircase adjoining room 3 adjacent to the evacuation staircase 4 is pressurized by the pressure fan 8 to prevent smoke from entering the evacuation staircase 4.

As for the elevator shaft 5, in winter,
Due to the chimney effect, smoke may be sucked into the elevator shaft 5 in the lower part of the building and leak from the elevator shaft 5 in the upper floors. Therefore, the inside of the shaft 5 is pressurized by the pressure fan 9 to prevent smoke from entering the shaft 5. The amount of air to be pressurized is calculated by simulation from the amount of gap between the shafts 5 and the size of the stack effect.

As shown in FIG. 1 (B), when a fire occurs in the living room 1, the second fire door 12 at the entrance of the living room 1 is closed by pressing the manual button 14 installed on the wall surface of the corridor, and the living room 1 and the corridor are closed. A smoke trap 13 is formed between the two, and the pressure fans 8 and 9 and the smoke exhaust fan 7 are simultaneously activated,
The smoke leaked from the living room 1 which is a fire room is sucked from the smoke trap 13 and discharged. In this smoke trap 13, the air that enters from the corridor 2 mixes with the smoke due to the pressurization of the evacuation staircase 3 and the temperature of the smoke decreases, so that the operation of the smoke exhaust fan 7 can be continued for a long time. It is possible to prevent smoke from entering the core safety areas such as the corridor 2 and the evacuation staircase 4 for a long time.

2 to 8 show simulations according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing opening / closing conditions of the smoke trap 13, and FIG. 3 is a time change of smoke layer height and smoke layer temperature in the fire chamber 1. Figures and 4 show smoke trap 1
6 is a diagram showing the time variation of the smoke layer height and the smoke layer temperature in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the time variation of the differential pressure between the corridor 2 and the smoke trap 13, and between the smoke trap 13 and the fire chamber 1, FIG.
7 is a diagram showing changes over time in the differential pressure between the corridor 2 and the smoke trap 13 and between the smoke trap 13 and the non-fire chamber 1, FIG.
Is between the evacuation staircase 3 and the evacuation staircase 4 and the evacuation staircase 3
And FIG. 8 are diagrams showing the time variation of the differential pressure between the corridor 2 and FIG. 8, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the temporal variation of the differential pressure between the elevator shaft 5 and the corridor 2.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made. For example, in the above embodiment, the first
Although the smoke-proof door 11 is normally closed, the smoke-proof door 11 may be normally opened and may be closed at the time of a fire like the second fire-proof door 12.

[0016]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, in the event of a fire in a living room, smoke is not discharged from the living room, a smoke trap is formed at the entrance of the living room, and the evacuation staircase attachment room and the elevator are installed. By mixing the air that has pressurized the shaft with the smoke that has leaked from the living room and exhausting the smoke, the temperature of the smoke can be lowered, and the operation of the smoke exhaust fan 7 can be continued for a long time. The cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a smoke control system of the present invention,
FIG. 1A is a configuration diagram, and FIG. 1B is a diagram for explaining smoke emission control at the time of fire.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a simulation according to the present invention and showing conditions for opening and closing an opening of a smoke trap.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing temporal changes in smoke layer height and smoke layer temperature in a fire chamber.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing temporal changes in smoke layer height and smoke layer temperature in a smoke trap.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing changes over time in the differential pressure between the corridor and the smoke trap and between the smoke trap and the fire chamber.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing changes over time in the differential pressure between the corridor and the smoke trap and between the smoke trap and the non-fire chamber.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing changes over time in the differential pressure between the evacuation staircase attached room and the evacuation staircase attached room, and between the evacuation staircase attached room and the corridor.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a time change of a differential pressure between an elevator shaft and a corridor.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a conventional smoke emission control method.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Living room, 2 ... Corridor, 3 ... Evacuation staircase attached room, 4 ... Evacuation staircase room 5 ... Elevator shaft, 7 ... Smoke exhaust fan, 8, 9 ... Pressurized fan 10 ... High-rise building, 11 ... First smoke prevention Door, 12 ... second fire door 13 ... small front room (smoke trap)

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Atsushi Katayama 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Hidefumi Kakegawa 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Within the corporation

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A high-rise building provided with a living room, a hallway, an evacuation staircase, an evacuation staircase room, and an elevator shaft,
A first smokeproof door provided between the living room and the corridor, a second fireproof door provided in the living room in the vicinity of the first smokeproof door, and the first smokeproof door. A smoke exhaust fan connected between the living room and the ceiling of the corridor, and a pressurizing fan connected to the evacuation staircase attachment room and the elevator shaft are provided so that the first and second doors can be opened when a fire occurs in the room. A smoke emission control system that forms a small front room at the entrance of the living room by closing it, and mixes the air pressurized in the room with the evacuation stairs and the elevator shaft with the smoke leaking from the living room to discharge the smoke. .