KR20060069785A - Apparatus for preventing of stack effect in high building and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is the rise of airflow in the elevator shaft and the core of the high-rise building due to the difference in air density due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the building, the aeration phenomenon of the outside air occurs in the lower part of the building and the leakage occurs in the upper part, heating loss in winter, The present invention relates to a stack prevention method and apparatus for suppressing a rise in airflow by using external air to the shaft and the core by using a sensing means and an air inflow means to prevent a stack phenomenon causing an elevator door malfunction. Air inlet means (electric damper) is installed on the shaft and core to detect the invasion and leakage by installing the sensing means to generate an operation signal, and installed on the outer wall side of the shaft in response to the generated signal to control the flow of air (electric damper ) And open the air inside the shaft to keep the air column inside the shaft equal to the outdoor temperature. Thereby, it makes it possible to prevent an increase in the air flow and to prevent the needle gihyeonsang and leakage phenomenon significantly reduce the facility investment for the prevention of heat loss and the elevator door malfunction protection, noise reduction, in the conventional stack phenomenon prevented.

Stack phenomenon, high-rise building, elevator shaft, core, infiltration phenomenon, leakage phenomenon, air inflow means

Description

Apparatus for preventing of stack effect in high building and method             

1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a general high-rise stack phenomenon,

Figure 2 is a plan view of the first floor showing the aeration phenomenon by the general high-rise stack phenomenon,

3 is a top plan view showing a leakage phenomenon by a general high-rise stack phenomenon,

4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a high-rise building stack prevention device according to the present invention,

5 is a perspective view of a sensing means (air flow switch) capable of detecting the flow of air by the pressure difference applied to the present invention,

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the air inlet means (electric damper) that can control the flow of air in the present invention,

7 is a circuit diagram of control means for controlling the operation of the electric damper in the present invention,

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a stack phenomenon preventing apparatus of an office-type high-rise building that does not have an OPEN space other than an elevator shaft and a core.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

300, 300 '..... signal generator

301, 301 '..... decompression detector

302, 302 '..... Pressurization detector

400 ..... Air inlet

500 ..... Control Means

600, 600 '..... Exhaust Volume Damper

700 ..... Air Damper Volume Damper

The present invention is to prevent the rise of heating in the winter, malfunction of elevator doors in advance by suppressing the rising air flow generated in the elevator shaft (or the core of the stairs, etc.) of high-rise buildings due to the difference in air density due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the building. The present invention relates to a high-rise building stack prevention device and a method thereof.

High-rise buildings are gradually increasing due to the development of architectural technology and population concentration, and the number of floors is gradually increasing as the world's tallest buildings are competitively constructed in order to enhance their country's technology and national image. There is a trend. In this case, elevators and cores, which are vertical movement means in the building, are essentially constructed.The cores, such as shafts and stairs, which are vertical movement paths of elevators, are empty spaces formed vertically like chimneys. A stack phenomenon occurs due to the difference. In this case, the air column inside the shaft and the core is kept at room temperature, and the outside air column is kept at the same temperature as the outside air of the same height. As such, the pressure difference inside and outside the building depends on the temperature difference between the indoor and outdoor.

The pressure difference generated by the stack effect is largely divided into two parts, the lower part and the upper part of the building, and the air exiting the upper part of the building is filled by the air from the lower part.

As such, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the building due to the density difference of the air varies depending on the height, infiltration occurs in the lower part of the building, and internal pressure increases in the upper part, thereby causing exfiltration. The flow of air caused by this pressure difference is similar to the flow of air in the chimney. Therefore, this phenomenon is called the 'stack effect'.

The stack effect is especially severe in high-rise buildings in winter, when the indoor and outdoor temperature differences increase, causing various problems in the core part, that is, staircases and elevator shafts, and increasing the amount of infiltration in the first floor part. This stack effect occurs in all buildings.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a typical high-rise building showing the flow of air in the high-rise building.

As shown in Fig. 1, the elevator shaft 206 is an empty space formed vertically like a chimney, and the air column inside the shaft 206 is maintained at room temperature, and the air column at the outside 205 has the same temperature as the outside air. It is maintained. Therefore, as the hot air balloon rises by the hot air, the air in the elevator shaft 206 rises due to the rise of the air flow 100, and the lower part of the elevator shaft 206 lowers the air pressure, which means the interior of the building 201 (the hall with the elevator). ) Air is sucked into the shaft 206, that is, the intake 111 from the room 201 into the shaft 206 occurs, and the air pressure increases at the top of the shaft 206 to allow the room 204 to flow from the shaft 206. The leakage 112 to the phenomenon occurs.

Therefore, as shown in the first floor plan view of FIG. 2, the air pressure of the indoor 201 is lower than the air pressure of the outdoor 205 due to the infiltration of the interior of the indoor 201 into the shaft 206. The infiltration phenomenon is generated, and the outside air 121 introduced into the room 201 is heated by a heating device and flows into the shaft 206.

In addition, as shown in the top floor plan view of FIG. 3, the air in the upper shaft 206, which is increased in pressure due to the stack phenomenon, is leaked 112 to the room 204 to increase the air pressure in the upper room 204, and then again to Air leaks to the outside 122 occurs. That is, in the lower part of the building by the pressure difference caused by the rising air flow 100 in the shaft 206, outdoor air 121 is infiltrated, and the infiltrated air 121 is heated by a heating device and flows into the shaft 206. As the pressure rises at the upper portion of the shaft 206, a stack phenomenon continuously occurring leakage 122 is continuously generated.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 203 denotes an occupancy space in which a tenant lives in a building.

Such stack phenomenon causes the following important problems.

First, energy loss is caused by the inflow and outflow of air due to infiltration and leakage, and second, unpleasant feelings are caused by strong inflow air, and third, malfunction of elevator door occurs, and fourth, door opening and closing in the room near the core. Fifth, noise due to infiltration and leakage, sixth, odor and other contaminant diffusion due to rising airflow in the shaft, and seventh, the possibility of condensation on the upper part of the air leakage path increases. Eighth, poor exhaust performance of the toilet and kitchen is generated, ninth, there is a difficulty in controlling room temperature / humidity of each floor, and tenth, problems such as poor elevator ride comfort.

In the related art, the airflow in the shaft and the core, which is the root cause of the aeration of the lower floor and the leakage of the upper floor, cannot be prevented, and a windproof room is installed so that outside air does not penetrate into the building. Although backworking has been mainstream, the effect is limited because air cannot pass through the building's envelope at all, and the revolving door is constructed to reduce the inflow of air by opening and closing the doorway, but this effect is also limited. It is expensive to construct and inconvenient to use, and has various problems of safety accidents.

The present invention has been proposed to solve various problems in the prior art as described above, and the present invention provides a device for preventing the airflow in the shaft and the core, which is a fundamental cause of building infiltration and leakage, that is, the shaft and the core. On the indoor side of the upper and lower parts of the sensor to detect the air flow or differential pressure, by detecting the flow of air to generate an operation signal, and control the flow of air installed on the shaft and core outer wall side receiving this signal. Open the electric damper and keep the air column inside the shaft at the same temperature as the outdoor temperature to prevent the rise of air flow, prevent the invasion and leakage in the building except the shaft and prevent the loss of heating. To prevent malfunction of elevator doors and to reduce noise The purpose is to provide.

One embodiment of the high-rise building stack preventing method according to the present invention for achieving the above object,

In the high-rise building stack prevention method to prevent the stack phenomenon in the elevator shaft and core of the high-rise building,

Detecting whether a stack phenomenon occurs in the elevator shaft and the core;

When the stacking phenomenon occurs in the elevator shaft and core as a result of the detection, it characterized in that it comprises the step of extinguishing the air flow itself by cooling the air in the elevator shaft and the core.

Another embodiment of the high-rise building stack prevention method according to the present invention for achieving the above object,

In the method of preventing stack phenomenon of an office-type high-rise building that does not have a separate inter-floor open space in the building,

Inflowing outside air through a volume damper for inflowing air provided in the most active place of the office-type high-rise building;

And discharging the air in the elevator shaft or the air in the staircase core to the outside of the high-rise building through an exhaust volume damper provided at a predetermined position on the uppermost floor of the office-type high-rise building.

High-rise building stack prevention device according to the present invention for achieving the above object,

In the high-rise building stack prevention device,

Sensing means for sensing the aeration and leakage of the high-rise building;

Control means for generating a control signal for introducing air from the outside of the building when the aeration phenomenon or the leakage phenomenon is detected by the detection means;

In response to the control signal generated by the control means is characterized in that the air inlet means for preventing the stack phenomenon by cooling the air in the elevator shaft and the core in the high-rise building.

In the sensing means,

An infiltration detector installed at an active place in the high rise building to detect an infiltration phenomenon;

It is installed in the high frequency building leakage phenomenon is characterized in that it comprises a leak detection unit for detecting the leak phenomenon.

In the above, the needle detection unit and the leak detection unit,

It is characterized in that the sensor for detecting the flow or differential pressure of the air.

In the above control means,

The sensing means may generate a control signal for introducing external air when an acupuncture phenomenon is detected, a leakage phenomenon is detected, or both are detected.

In the above air inlet means,

It is characterized in that the electric damper is opened in accordance with the control signal generated by the control means for introducing air outside the high-rise building into the building.

High-rise building stack prevention device according to the present invention,

A volume damper for exhausting the air in the elevator shaft or the air in the staircase core to the outside of the high-rise building is provided at a predetermined position on the uppermost floor of the high-rise building.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention according to the technical spirit as described above will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a high-rise building stack preventing apparatus according to the present invention.

As shown in the figure, sensing means for detecting the aeration phenomenon and leakage phenomenon (300, 300 ', 301, 301', 302, 302 'of the high-rise building 1000); A control means (500) for generating a control signal for introducing air from the outside of the building when the infiltration phenomenon or the leakage phenomenon is detected by the sensing means (300, 300 ', 301, 301', 302, 302 '); Air inlet means for introducing the outside air in response to the control signal generated by the control means 500 to cool the air in the elevator shaft 206 (or the core of the staircase) in the high-rise building 1000 to prevent the stack phenomenon It consists of 400.

5 is a perspective view of a sensing means (air flow switch) capable of detecting the flow of air by the pressure difference applied to the present invention, Figure 6 is an air inlet means (electric damper) to control the flow of air in the present invention 7 is a circuit diagram of the control means for controlling the operation of the air inlet means in the present invention.

In order to prevent the stack phenomenon of a high-rise building, it is necessary to keep the temperature of the air column in the shaft 206 at the same temperature as the outdoor temperature to prevent the occurrence of rising airflow, as shown in FIG. 5 to realize such a function. One sensing means and an air inlet means 400 shown in FIG. 6 are required.

An example of the sensing means of Figure 5 is a known sensor for detecting the air flow or the differential pressure between two spaces of different pressure, the pressure detection unit 302 for detecting a relatively high pressure and the pressure detection unit for detecting a relatively low pressure 301 and a vinyl hose 303 that connects each of the detectors 302 and 301 to the measurement space, and generates a needle or leak detection signal according to a detection result of the pressure detector 301 and the reduced pressure detector 301. It consists of a signal generator 300.

Here, the detection means, the agitation detectors (301, 302, 300) installed on the ceiling of the place where the most severe agitation phenomenon and the leak detectors (301 ', 302', installed on the ceiling of the place where the most severe leakage occurs, 300 ').

The needle detector is installed in the ceiling 208 of the lower floor or the first floor 201 (where the most severe invasion occurs) and the vinyl hose connected to the pressure reduction detector 301 is located on the shaft 206 and the pressure detector 302. Hose connected to the () is located in the room 201 to detect the intrusion into the shaft 206 from the room 201, and when the intrusion is detected, the signal generator 300 generates a needle detection signal.

In addition, the leak detector is installed in the ceiling 209 of the uppermost room 204 where the leakage phenomenon occurs most severely and the vinyl hose connected to the decompression detector 301 'is positioned in the room 204 and the pressure detector 302' is installed. The vinyl hose connected to is positioned within the shaft 206 to detect a leak to the interior 204 within the shaft 206, and generate a leak detection signal from the signal generator 300 'if the leak is detected.

When the incidence or leakage is detected by the intrusion detector or the leakage detector, that is, when only one of them is detected and a stack phenomenon occurs in the building, the control means 500 as shown in FIG. 7 operates to operate the air. The inlet means 400 is operated and air from outside the building is introduced into the room to cool the air in the shaft 206.

Here, the sensing means is expressed as being installed only in two places for the convenience of description, but it is preferable to configure the parallel and parallel circuit by adjusting the quantity and position according to the characteristics of the building substantially.

6 is a view showing an example of the air inlet means 400 in detail.

The air inlet means 400 preferably uses a conventional electric damper. Air inlet means 400 is composed of a frame 401, a wing 402, a drive unit 403 for controlling the air flow by driving the wing 402, as shown in Figure 4 severely invasion of the lower shaft 206 When the stack is installed on the outdoor surface having a height, the wing 402 is opened by the electric signal, and the outdoor air 131 is introduced into the shaft 206 so that the temperature of the air column in the shaft 206 is increased. It maintains the same temperature to dissipate the rising airflow. In addition, when the stack phenomenon is extinguished (when infiltration or leakage is not detected), the wing 402 is closed by an electric signal to block the inflow of the outside air 131, thereby causing the outside air infiltration into the lower floor interior due to the inflow of additional air. It serves to suppress. The air inlet means is preferably configured by adjusting the position, size, quantity according to the characteristics of the building.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 506 denotes a signal line for interconnecting signals between the two signal generators 300 and 300 ′, the control means 500 and the air inlet means 400.

The control means 500 of FIG. 7 is installed in the ceiling 208 of the first floor indoor 201 as shown in FIG. 4 when the wing 402 of the air inlet means 400 is opened by the detection signals of the invasion detector and the leak detector. As the outside air enters, the pressure difference decreases, so that the wing 402 is closed and opened again after a while before the stack phenomenon of the entire shaft 206 is improved. If the detection is provided with a delay circuit for maintaining the electric damper does not close for a predetermined time, the delay time can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the building.

The control means 500 comprises a voltage-free contact 503 by detecting the lower layer invasion and a pressure detection non-contact 504 by the leakage detection in the upper layer in parallel to attach the voltage-free contacts 503 and 504 when a stacking phenomenon occurs. The timer 501 (power off delay timer) is excited, the delay a contact 502 of the timer 501 is attached, and the wing-driven electronic switch 505 of the air inlet means 400 is excited so that the main contact point of the electromagnetic switch is excited. When the drive unit 403 is driven to open the wing 402, and leakage and aggression disappear, that is, when the contacts 503 and 504 are opened, the excitation of the timer 501 is released and the set time is increased. After this time, the delay timer a contact 502 is opened to release the excitation of the electromagnetic switch 505 and the main contact of the electromagnetic switch 505 is opened to control the electric damper to close.

In addition, the exhaust volume damper 600 located on the outer wall surface of the uppermost layer 203 of the shaft 206 of FIG. 4 is an exhaust port passing through the shaft 206 and the outer wall and connects the duct when the shaft 206 is not in contact with the outer wall. By allowing the air 132 in the shaft 206 to escape to the outside, when the top of the shaft is open during the stacking phenomenon, the lower pressure is generated in the lower portion. That is, it ensures the operation of the lower side of the needle detector, and the electric damper is opened, the air lower than the room temperature in the process of the outside air 131 enters the shaft 206 and the temperature in the shaft 206 is lowered. If it does not rise, it discharges to the outside (132) to prevent the air lower than the room temperature of the upper floor to enter the room 204 and to freely adjust the displacement according to the characteristics of the building.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a stack phenomenon preventing apparatus of an office high-rise building having no OPEN space other than an elevator shaft and a core. Buildings with VOID spaces or escalators, which are inter-floor open spaces in the building, such as large malls, residential complexes, or offices and malls with multiple floors open inside, can be opened between shafts and cores. As the stack phenomenon also occurs through the space, it is possible to continuously infiltrate the outside air by the stack phenomenon through the open space between floors when the air inflow means is opened even after the stack phenomenon in the shaft is extinguished. Therefore, after the stack phenomenon in the shaft disappears, a means for blocking the outside air is essential. On the other hand, in the office-type buildings where the stack phenomenon occurs only in the core, such as elevator shafts and stairs, the sensing means and the control means are not essential. An exhaust volume damper 600 ′ having a size smaller than or equal to that of the volume air damper 700 for inflow of air is installed on an outer surface of the uppermost floor so as not to flow into the upper floor. In addition, the size, quantity, and location of the volume dampers 700 and 600 'are preferably adjusted and used according to the characteristics of the building.

4 and 8, the air inlet means 400 and 700 and the exhaust volume damper 600 should be installed on the outer wall of the shaft 206. When the shaft 206 is not in contact with the outer wall, it is connected to a duct to It should be free to enter and, if the shaft 206 is a fire compartment, it is preferable to install a fire damper in parallel to satisfy the fire regulations.

As described above, according to the present invention, in order to suppress the air flow in the shaft, which is the cause of the high-rise building stack phenomenon, the air inflow means is driven by the ingress and leakage detection signals to draw the outside air to the outside temperature. By keeping the same, stack phenomenon occurring in high-rise buildings can be prevented.

In addition, it is possible to prevent the loss of energy due to the inflow and outflow of air due to the infiltration and leakage by the prevention of the stack phenomenon as well known, to eliminate the discomfort caused by the strong inflow outside air, to prevent the malfunction of the elevator door, It can improve elevator ride comfort, solve the difficulty of opening / closing doors near the shaft, reduce noise caused by infiltration and leakage, and prevent the spread of odor and other pollution by rising air in the shaft. In addition, it can reduce condensation on high-level air leakage paths, prevent deterioration of exhaust performance of toilets and kitchens, prevent disturbances of indoor temperature / humidity control by floor, and improve ride comfort of elevators. .

In addition, because the stack phenomenon can be prevented, there is an advantage that can significantly reduce the cost of airtight construction and revolving door construction required to improve the conventional stack phenomenon, and can prevent the stack phenomenon to improve the windbreak room and stack phenomenon. Various compartments can be excluded, which also has the advantage of maximizing indoor space utilization.

Claims (9)

In the high-rise building stack prevention method to prevent the stack phenomenon in the elevator shaft and core of the high-rise building, Detecting whether a stack phenomenon occurs in the elevator shaft and the core; And when the stacking phenomenon occurs in the elevator shaft and the core as a result of the detection, cooling the air in the elevator shaft and the core to extinguish the airflow itself. In the high-rise building stack prevention device, Sensing means for sensing the aeration and leakage of the high-rise building; Control means for generating a control signal for introducing air from the outside of the building when the aeration phenomenon or the leakage phenomenon is detected by the detection means; High-rise building stack prevention device comprising the air inlet means for preventing the stack phenomenon by cooling the air in the elevator shaft and core in the high-rise building in response to the control signal generated by the control means . The method of claim 2, wherein the sensing means, An acupuncture detecting unit installed at an active place of the acupuncture phenomenon of the high-rise building to detect the acupuncture phenomenon; The high rise building stack prevention device, characterized in that the leak is installed in the active place of the high-rise building to detect the leak phenomenon. The method of claim 2, wherein the needle detection unit and the leak detection unit, High rise building stack prevention device, characterized in that the sensor for detecting the flow or differential pressure of the air. The method of claim 2, wherein the control means, When the aeration phenomenon is detected in the sensing means, the leakage phenomenon is detected or both of the phenomena are detected, generating a control signal for introducing the outside air and maintain the state until the stack is completely resolved Building stack prevention device. According to claim 2, The air inlet means, High-rise building stack prevention device characterized in that the electric damper that is opened in accordance with the control signal generated by the control means to control the air flow by introducing the air outside the high-rise building into the elevator shaft or staircase core. The exhaust volume damper of claim 2, further comprising an exhaust volume damper provided at a predetermined position on the uppermost floor of the high-rise building to discharge the air in the elevator shaft or the air in the staircase core to the outside of the high-rise building and to adjust the displacement according to the characteristics of the building. High-rise building stack prevention device characterized in that. In the method of preventing stack phenomenon of an office-type high-rise building that does not have a separate inter-floor open space in the building, Inflowing the outside air through an outdoor air inflow means which is provided in an active place of the office-type high-rise building to control the inflow amount according to the characteristics of the building; Cooling the air in the elevator shaft or the air in the staircase core to the outside air introduced in the step; Elevated air flow is extinguished by discharging the air in the elevator shaft or the air inside the staircase core to the outside of the high-rise building, which is provided at a predetermined position on the uppermost floor of the office-type high-rise building, through an exhaust means that can control the exhaust amount according to the characteristics of the building. High-rise building stack prevention method characterized in that it comprises a step of. In the stack prevention device of office-type high-rise buildings that do not have a separate inter-floor open space in the building, An air inflow means provided in an active place of the office-type high-rise building to control the inflow of air according to the characteristics of the building; The high-rise floor comprising an exhaust means for discharging the air in the elevator shaft or the air in the staircase core that is not cooled and is discharged to the outside of the high-rise building according to the characteristics of the building. Building stack prevention device.

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