JP2017219211A - Discharged smoke control system and discharged smoke control method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a discharged smoke control system capable of realizing a sufficient discharged smoke at a space part where a reference discharged smoke air amount while realizing a convenient installing work for the discharged smoke facility and capable of sufficiently assuring an evacuation route.SOLUTION: A discharged smoke control system 1 comprises a smoke detecting part 11 for detecting smokes at element rooms 104A to 104C of a main room 104D, element rooms 104A to 104C, a corridor 104E that should assure a reference discharged smoke air amount constituting an object space communicated with a ceiling chamber 105 through a suction port 124 arranged at a ceiling 103 in a building 100; a movable mechanism 13 capable of closing a door 112 arranged among the element rooms and the main room; a surrounding air inlet port 14 for feeding the surrounding air from outside the building 100 to the main room 104D; and a control part 15 for controlling the movable mechanism 13 in such a way that the door 112 of the element room where the smoke is detected is closed when the smoke is detected at any of the element rooms 104A to 104C.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a flue gas control system and a flue gas control method, and more particularly to a flue gas control system and a flue gas control method for performing flue gas control of a building having a ceiling chamber type flue gas installation.

  Conventionally, in order to exhaust smoke in buildings such as office buildings, factories, commercial facilities, hospitals, and the like, smoke exhaust equipment that adopts a smoke exhaust system such as a natural exhaust system or a mechanical exhaust system has been introduced. Among them, there is a ceiling chamber type smoke exhaust system as a mechanical exhaust system exhaust system. With the ceiling chamber method, a smoke exhaust port is provided in the ceiling chamber on the back of the indoor ceiling, and indoor smoke is guided from a plurality of suction ports arranged on the ceiling surface to the smoke exhaust port through the ceiling chamber. This is a method of forcibly exhausting smoke outdoors with a smoke exhaust fan.

  As the smoke exhausting equipment adopting the ceiling chamber system, for example, a smoke exhaust duct installed in the ceiling chamber, a smoke exhaust port disposed in the ceiling chamber and connected to an end of the smoke exhaust duct, and a ceiling There is a smoke exhausting equipment having a plurality of suction ports (slits) distributed over the entire surface (Patent Document 1). According to this smoke evacuation facility, a large amount of smoke can be temporarily stored in the smoke storage space by securing the ceiling chamber communicating with the room through the suction port of the ceiling as the smoke storage space. It is said that it is possible to perform typical smoke exhaustion.

  In addition, as a building disaster prevention system, the floor is divided into multiple sections by fire doors provided in the corridors, and when a fire breaks out from a certain section, a horizontal evacuation system that can evacuate from a fire section to a non-fire section is adopted. In a building to be adopted, a configuration has been proposed in which the air pressure on the non-fire compartment side is increased during a fire to prevent the propagation of flames and smoke from the fire compartment (Patent Document 2).

JP 2007-24469 A JP 2000-84104 A

  Here, assuming a space having a connection between the hallway and the room in the building, the room connected to the hallway is a parent room among a plurality of rooms in which the space below the suction port arranged on the ceiling is partitioned, The rest is the child room. In the construction field, planning guidelines (also referred to as “evacuation verification”) for smoke control of buildings have been presented to ensure safe evacuation routes even in the event of a fire in a building. When evacuation verification is applied to such an assumed space, in general, only the flue gas in the parent room is considered, and the flue gas in the child room is often not considered. Therefore, it is important to secure the amount of smoke exhaust required in the parent room (hereinafter also referred to as “reference smoke exhaust amount”).

  However, when large beams, equipment, etc. are installed in the ceiling chamber of the building, there is a problem that a parent room is generated that becomes an obstacle to the exhaust path and the smoke emission becomes uneven and the standard smoke exhaust air volume cannot be secured. There is.

  In order to solve this problem, when installing the smoke exhaust duct in the ceiling chamber, it is assumed that the space below the suction port is evenly spaced from the outside, and the position over the obstacle as described above A configuration in which the horizontal smoke exhaust duct is extended up to is recommended. However, in the above configuration, when there are a plurality of large beams or the like that become obstacles in the ceiling chamber, it is necessary to extend the smoke exhaust duct to a plurality of positions beyond the respective obstacles. Must be installed, the number of ducts in the ceiling chamber increases, and the installation work is complicated. In particular, in a building such as an office building having a large living room area, there are cases where a large number of obstacles such as large beams exist in the ceiling chamber, and the above-described problem becomes significant.

  In addition, in the configuration using the above horizontal evacuation method, a smoke exhaust method different from the ceiling chamber method is adopted, and smoke is exhausted from the smoke exhaust port provided on the fire compartment side in the event of a fire. Depending on the degree of fire, the smoke may be insufficient, and there may be a case where sufficient evacuation routes cannot be secured.

  An object of the present invention is to realize a sufficient smoke discharge in a space portion where a reference smoke exhaust air volume should be secured while realizing a simple installation work of a smoke exhaust facility, and a smoke capable of sufficiently securing an evacuation route. It is to provide a control system and a smoke control method.

  In order to achieve the above object, a smoke control system of the present invention is a smoke control system that performs smoke control of a building having a ceiling chamber type smoke exhaust system, and is a suction system provided on the ceiling in the building. Among the first space portion that constitutes the target space communicated with the ceiling chamber through the mouth and that should secure the reference smoke exhaust amount, and the second space portion other than the first space portion, the second space portion A smoke detector for detecting smoke, a first movable mechanism capable of closing a first door provided between the first space portion and the second space portion, and the outside from the building An outside air introduction port for introducing outside air into the first space portion; and a control unit that controls the first movable mechanism to close the first door when smoke is detected in the second space portion; It is characterized by providing.

  The first space portion includes a parent room connected to a hallway in the building, and the second space portion includes a child room other than the parent room, and is between the outside air inlet and the parent room. The outside air flow path is formed through the corridor, and the control unit opens the first door provided between the parent room and the child room when smoke is detected in the child room. The first movable mechanism is controlled to close.

  The smoke emission control system further includes a second movable mechanism capable of opening a second door provided between the hallway and the parent room, and the control unit detects smoke in the child room. When this is done, the first movable mechanism is controlled to close the first door, and the second movable mechanism is controlled to open the second door.

  The smoke detector transmits a smoke detection signal to the control unit when smoke is detected in the child room, and the control unit receives the smoke detection signal from the smoke detection unit, A door closing signal is transmitted to the first movable mechanism, and the first movable mechanism closes the first door in response to reception of the door closing signal from the control unit.

  The smoke detector transmits a smoke detection signal to the control unit when smoke is detected in the child room, and the control unit receives the smoke detection signal from the smoke detection unit, A door closing signal is transmitted to the first movable mechanism and a door opening signal is transmitted to the second movable mechanism, and the first movable mechanism receives the first signal in response to reception of the door closing signal from the control unit. The second movable mechanism opens the second door in response to reception of the door opening signal from the control unit.

  The first door is preferably a fire door.

  In order to achieve the above object, the smoke control system of the present invention is a smoke control method for controlling smoke in a building having a ceiling chamber type smoke exhaust system, and is provided on a ceiling in the building. Of the first space part that constitutes the target space that communicates with the ceiling chamber through the suction port and that should ensure the reference smoke exhaust amount, and the second space part other than the first space part, the second space part And when the smoke is detected in the second space portion, the first door provided between the first space portion and the second space portion is controlled to be closed. In this way, outside air is introduced into the first space portion from the outside of the building through the outside air inlet.

  According to the present invention, when smoke is detected in the second space portion other than the first space portion where the reference smoke exhaust air volume should be secured, and smoke is detected in the second space portion, The first door opening / closing mechanism is controlled so as to close the first door provided between the two space portions. Thereby, when smoke generate | occur | produces in the 2nd space part at the time of disasters, such as a fire, external air is introduce | transduced into a 1st space part from an external air inlet. As a result, the smoke can be prevented from flowing into the second space portion through the first door, and is discharged to the ceiling chamber via the suction port provided in the ceiling of the first space portion. Therefore, in a building such as an office building having a large number of living rooms, even if there are many obstacles such as beams in the ceiling chamber, it is possible to secure a living room that sufficiently satisfies the standard smoke exhaust air volume. It is possible to secure a sufficient evacuation route. Moreover, since the reference | standard smoke discharge | emission amount in a 1st space part can be ensured, without adding the duct in a ceiling chamber, the simple installation operation | work of smoke removal equipment is realizable.

It is a perpendicular direction fragmentary sectional view for explaining the composition of the smoke control system concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a horizontal direction fragmentary sectional view which shows schematically the structure of the smoke control system of FIG. (A) And (b) is a figure explaining operation | movement of the smoke control system of FIG. It is a vertical direction fragmentary sectional view which shows the modification of the smoke control system of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the other modification of the smoke control system of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a vertical partial sectional view for explaining the configuration of the smoke emission control system according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a horizontal partial sectional view thereof. The smoke emission control system of this embodiment performs smoke emission control of a building including a ceiling chamber type smoke emission facility. The configuration of FIGS. 1 and 2 shows an example thereof, and the configuration of the smoke emission control system and the building to which the present system is applied is not limited to that of FIGS. 1 and 2.

[Buildings where smoke control systems are applied]
In FIG. 1, a building 100 is an interior defined by an outer wall 101, slabs 102, 102 ', a ceiling 103 disposed between the slabs 102, 102', and an outer wall 101, slabs 102, 102 'on a predetermined floor. It has a space 104 and a ceiling chamber 105 located above the inner space 104 and defined by the outer wall 101, the ceiling 103 and the slab 102 ′.

  The ceiling chamber 105 communicates with the internal space 104 through a plurality of inlets, which will be described later, arranged equally on the ceiling 103. Further, in the ceiling chamber 105, large beams 106, 107, 108 that can become obstacles to the exhaust passage are arranged in this order from the outer wall 101 side.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the internal space 104 is partitioned by a plurality of partition walls, and has a plurality of space portions including a plurality of rooms and a hallway. In particular, when a room connected to a hallway is defined as a parent room and a room other than the parent room is defined as a child room, the internal space 104 includes three child rooms 104A, 104B, 104C, a parent room 104D, and a hallway 104E. It has a target space to be configured. A partition wall 109 is disposed between the child room and the child room, a partition wall 110 is disposed between the child room and the parent room, and a partition wall 111 is disposed between the parent room and the hallway.

  One or two doors 112 (first doors) are installed on the partition wall 110 between the child room and the parent room, and a door 113 (second door) is provided on the partition wall 111 between the parent room and the hallway. Is installed. The door 112 is, for example, a hinged door that opens and closes on the front side or the back side of the partition wall 110, and the door 113 is also a hinged door that opens and closes on the near side or the back side of the partition wall 111. The doors 112 and 113 are preferably fire doors.

  In the present embodiment, an outside air flow path 114 is formed between the outside air introduction port 14 and the parent room 104D via the hallway 104E (see FIG. 3B). That is, in this embodiment, the corridor 104E that connects the outside air inlet 14 and the parent room 104D is used as the outside air flow path 114.

  The smoke exhaust system 120 is installed in the smoke exhaust fan 121, the ceiling chamber 105, is connected to the smoke exhaust fan 121, and is disposed in the ceiling chamber 105, at the end of the smoke exhaust duct 122. It has a connected smoke exhaust port 123 and a plurality of suction ports 124 evenly arranged in the entire in-plane direction of the ceiling 103 (FIG. 1).

In the present embodiment, in the building 100 in which three large beams 106 to 108 extend as a plurality of obstacles in the ceiling chamber 105, a smoke exhaust port 123 is installed between the outer wall 101 and the large beam 106. No smoke vents are installed between the large beam 106 and the large beam 107 and between the large beam 107 and the large beam 108. As described above, by providing the smoke exhaust port only between the outer wall 101 and the large beam 106 which is the obstacle closest to the outer wall 101, the number of exhaust ducts in the ceiling chamber 105 is reduced, and a horizontal duct, etc. It is possible to make the length of the exhaust duct as short as possible.
As described above, when performing evacuation verification regarding smoke control of a building, generally, smoke emission in a parent room, in other words, smoke emission in a room closest to the corridor 104E is considered. In the building 100, it is assumed that the reference smoke exhaust air volume in the parent room 104D is secured. Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the smoke control system 1 will be described in detail.

[Configuration of smoke control system]
The flue gas control system 1 includes a parent room 104D (a first room) that secures a reference amount of flue gas that constitutes a target space that communicates with the ceiling chamber 105 through a suction port 124 provided in the ceiling 103 in the building 100. The smoke detection unit 11 that detects smoke in the child rooms 104A to 104C among the child rooms 104A to 104C (second space part) other than the parent room 104D and the smoke in the parent room 104D are detected. Smoke detecting unit 12, movable mechanism 13 (first movable mechanism) capable of closing door 112 provided between the child room and the parent room, and for introducing outside air from outside of building 100 to parent room 104D An outside air inlet 14 and a control unit 15 that controls the movable mechanism 13 so as to close the door 112 of the child room where smoke is detected when smoke is detected in any of the child rooms 104A to 104C. (Fig. 1).

  The smoke detection unit 11 is installed on the ceiling 103 in each of the child rooms 104 </ b> A to 104 </ b> C, and these smoke detection units 11 are electrically connected to the control unit 15. The smoke detection unit 11 transmits a smoke detection signal to the control unit 15 when smoke is detected in the child room in which the smoke detection unit 11 is installed. The smoke detection unit 12 transmits a smoke detection signal to the control unit 15 when smoke is detected in the parent room 104D.

  The movable mechanism 13 is electrically connected to the control unit 15, and drives a driving unit (not shown) including a motor and the like in response to reception of a door closing signal from the control unit 15 to close the door 112. The movable mechanism 13 may be configured to be able to open the door 112 in response to reception of a door opening signal from the control unit 15.

The control unit 15 is provided integrally or separately from a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) control panel (not shown) that comprehensively controls the smoke exhausting facility 120, and is connected to a commercial power source and an emergency power source. The PLC control panel performs drive control of the smoke exhaust fan 121, opening / closing control of a smoke exhaust damper (not shown) attached to the smoke exhaust duct 122, and the like.
The control unit 15 is electrically connected to the three smoke detection units 11 installed in the child rooms 104A to 104C, the two smoke detection units 12 installed in the parent room 104D, and the movable mechanism 13, and smoke Based on the reception of the smoke detection signal from the detection units 11 and 12, a door closing signal is transmitted to the movable mechanism 13.

  The smoke emission control system 1 further includes a movable mechanism 16 (second movable mechanism) that is electrically connected to the control unit 15 and that can open the door 113 provided between the parent room 104D and the hallway 104E. You may have. In this case, the control unit 15 controls the movable mechanism 16 to open the door 113 between the parent room 104D and the hallway 104E when smoke is detected in any of the child rooms 104A to 104C.

[Operation of smoke control system]
In this smoke control system 1, as shown in FIG. 3A, for example, when a fire F occurs in the child room 104B and smoke is detected by the smoke detection unit 11 installed in the child room 104B, smoke detection is performed. The unit 11 transmits a smoke detection signal to the control unit 15. The control unit 15 transmits a door closing signal to the movable mechanism 13 when receiving the smoke detection signal from the smoke detection unit 11. The movable mechanism 13 closes the door 112 in response to reception of a door closing signal from the control unit 15.

  Further, when the door 113 is provided between the parent room 104D and the hallway 104E, when smoke is detected by the smoke detection unit 11 installed in the child room 104B, the control unit 15 causes the smoke from the smoke detection unit 11 to be smoked. When the detection signal is received, a door closing signal is transmitted to the movable mechanism 13 and a door opening signal is transmitted to the movable mechanism 14. The movable mechanism 13 closes the door 112 in response to reception of a door closing signal from the control unit 15, and the movable mechanism 14 opens the door 113 in response to reception of a door closing signal from the control unit 15.

  Normally, outside air is introduced into the corridor 104E through the outside air inlet 14. Then, as shown in FIG. 3B, by opening the door 113, an outside air flow path 114 is formed between the outside air introduction port 14 and the parent room 104 </ b> D via the hallway 104 </ b> E. It is introduced into the parent room 104D through the door 113. Further, by closing the door 112, movement of air from the parent room 104D to the child room 104B is prevented.

  The door 112 may be normally closed in the event of a fire from the viewpoint of securing a good amount of smoke emission in the parent room 104D, or may be closed from the viewpoint of securing an evacuation route. Further, the door 113 is preferably normally opened when a fire occurs from the viewpoint of securing a better amount of smoke emission in the parent room 104D. When smoke is detected in any of the child rooms 104A to 104C, the door 113 closest to the child room in which smoke is detected may be opened, or between the parent room 104D and the corridor 104E. All the doors 113 may be opened.

  As a result, when a fire occurs, the amount of air introduced into the parent room 104D increases from the normal time, and the amount of air discharged into the ceiling chamber 105 through the suction port 124 of the ceiling 103 increases in the parent room 104D. As a result, the amount of smoke exhausted in the parent room 104D increases, and the reference amount of smoke exhausted in the parent room 104D at the time of the fire is ensured. Further, since the door 113 is opened in the event of a fire, a flow line for the evacuees from the parent room 104D toward the hallway 104E is secured, and an evacuation route between the parent room 104D and the hallway 104E is secured.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, smoke is detected in the child rooms 104A to 104C other than the parent room 104D where the reference smoke exhaust air volume should be secured, and smoke is detected in any of the child rooms 104A to 104C. The movable mechanism 13 is controlled so as to close the door 112 provided between the parent room 104D and the child room where smoke is detected. Thereby, when smoke generate | occur | produces in one or more of child room 104A-104C at the time of disasters, such as a fire, external air is introduce | transduced into the parent room 104D from the external air introduction port 14. FIG. As a result, it is possible to prevent the smoke from flowing into the child room where the smoke is detected through the door 112 and discharged to the ceiling chamber 105 through the suction port 124 provided in the ceiling 123 of the parent room 104D. The Accordingly, in the building 100 such as an office building having a large number of living rooms, even if there are many obstacles such as the large beams 106 to 108 in the ceiling chamber 105, the reference smoke exhaust air volume is sufficiently increased in the parent room 104D. The evacuation route can be secured. Moreover, since the reference | standard smoke discharge | emission air quantity in parent | room 104D can be ensured, without adding the duct in the ceiling chamber 105, the simple installation operation | work of smoke exhausting equipment is realizable.

  As mentioned above, although the smoke emission control system and smoke emission control method which concern on the said embodiment were described, this invention is not limited to description embodiment, Various deformation | transformation and change are based on the technical idea of this invention. Is possible.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the living room is a parent room and a child room, and when smoke is detected in the child room, the door provided between the child room and the parent room is closed. It is not limited to this. For example, when a room in a building where a reference smoke exhaust air volume is to be secured is a first space part, a room other than the first space part is a second space part, and smoke is detected in the second space part, the first space You may close the door (1st door) provided between the part and the 2nd space part. Thereby, the reference | standard smoke exhaust air volume of a 1st space part is securable.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the external air inlet 14 is provided in the upper part of the corridor 104E, it is not restricted to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, an outside air inlet 17 for directly introducing outside air from the outside of the building 100 to the parent room 104D may be provided in the parent room 104D. In this case, the outside air flow path is formed between the outside of the building 100 and the outside air introduction port 17 via an unillustrated introduction duct. Even with this configuration, it is possible to sufficiently secure the reference smoke exhaust air amount of the parent room 104D when a fire occurs.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the smoke detection parts 11 and 12 are attached to the ceiling 103, not only this but the extraction part which takes out the air for every child room and samples it outside is provided, and based on a sampling result Smoke in the child room may be detected.

  In the above embodiment, the door 113 is provided in the partition wall 111 between the parent room and the hallway, but an opening may be provided instead of the door 113. Even when an opening is provided in the partition wall 111 between the parent room and the hallway, it is possible to ensure the reference smoke exhaust air amount in the parent room 104D when a fire occurs.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the doors 112 and 113 are hinged doors, not only this but a sliding door may be sufficient as shown in FIG. Further, the doors 112 and 113 may be folding doors. Furthermore, the doors 112 and 113 may be a combination of two doors selected from a hinged door, a sliding door, and a folding door.

  The smoke emission control system of the present invention can be applied to facilities such as office buildings, educational facilities, medical facilities, research facilities, production facilities, and commercial facilities. Moreover, you may apply not only to facilities but buildings, such as a building, a hospital, a factory. Furthermore, by applying the smoke control system to the entire facilities constructed in a given area, such as a city planning area, the installation work of the smoke exhaust equipment can be simplified and the construction period can be greatly shortened. It is possible to realize a significant cost reduction.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Smoke exhaust control system 11 Smoke detection part 12 Smoke detection part 13 Movable mechanism 14 Outside air inlet 15 Control part 16 Movable mechanism 17 Outside air inlet 100 Building 101 Outer wall 102,102 'Slab 103 Ceiling 104 Interior space 104A, 104B, 104C Child Room 104D Parent room 104E Corridor 105 Ceiling chamber 106, 107, 108 Large beam
109, 110, 111 Partition wall 112 Door
113 Door 114 Outside air flow path 120 Smoke exhaust facility 121 Smoke exhaust fan 122 Smoke exhaust duct 123 Smoke exhaust port 124 Suction port

Claims (7)

A smoke control system for controlling smoke in a building having a ceiling chamber type smoke exhaust system,
A first space part that constitutes a target space that communicates with a ceiling chamber via a suction port provided in a ceiling in the building, and a second space other than the first space part that should ensure a reference amount of smoke exhaust Among the parts, a smoke detection unit for detecting smoke in the second space part,
A first movable mechanism capable of closing a first door provided between the first space portion and the second space portion;
An outside air inlet for introducing outside air into the first space part from the outside of the building;
A control unit that controls the first movable mechanism to close the first door when smoke is detected in the second space portion;
A flue gas control system comprising: The first space portion consists of a parent room connected to a hallway in the building,
The second space portion consists of child rooms other than the parent room,
Between the outside air inlet and the parent room, an outside air flow path is formed through the corridor,
The control unit controls the first movable mechanism to close the first door provided between the parent room and the child room when smoke is detected in the child room. The smoke control system according to claim 1, wherein A second movable mechanism capable of opening a second door provided between the hallway and the parent room;
The control unit controls the first movable mechanism to close the first door and detects the second movable mechanism to open the second door when smoke is detected in the child room. The smoke emission control system according to claim 2, wherein the smoke emission control system is controlled. The smoke detection unit transmits a smoke detection signal to the control unit when smoke is detected in the child room,
When the control unit receives the smoke detection signal from the smoke detection unit, the control unit transmits a door closing signal to the first movable mechanism,
The smoke control system according to claim 2, wherein the first movable mechanism closes the first door in response to reception of the door closing signal from the control unit. The smoke detection unit transmits a smoke detection signal to the control unit when smoke is detected in the child room,
When the control unit receives the smoke detection signal from the smoke detection unit, the control unit transmits a door close signal to the first movable mechanism and transmits a door open signal to the second movable mechanism,
The first movable mechanism closes the first door in response to reception of the door closing signal from the control unit,
The smoke emission control system according to claim 3, wherein the second movable mechanism opens the second door in response to reception of the door opening signal from the control unit.   The smoke control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first door is a fire door. A smoke control method for controlling smoke in a building equipped with a ceiling chamber type smoke exhaust system,
A first space part that constitutes a target space that communicates with a ceiling chamber via a suction port provided in a ceiling in the building, and a second space other than the first space part that should ensure a reference amount of smoke exhaust Detecting smoke in the second space portion of the portion;
When smoke is detected in the second space portion, control is performed to close the first door provided between the first space portion and the second space portion, thereby from the outside of the building Outside air is introduced into the first space through the outside air inlet,
A method for controlling smoke emission.

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