JP4974956B2 - Building ventilation equipment and buildings with the same ventilation equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building ventilation system and a building equipped with the ventilation system.

  Generally, in a building such as a house, indoor air is contaminated by various factors such as daily life of a person. Therefore, facilities (ventilation equipment) for supplying fresh outside air to a living space such as a room and exhausting dirty inside air are required for the building. As this ventilation equipment, there is a natural ventilation equipment using a flow of natural air, but sufficient ventilation capacity cannot be obtained.

Therefore, a ventilation facility is known in which exhaust is mechanically performed and air is naturally supplied along with the mechanical exhaust (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this ventilation facility, when dirt generated by daily life such as cigarette smoke is detected, the exhaust capacity is enhanced by forcibly operating the fan device to exhaust such dirty inside air.
JP 2006-292209 A

  However, in the conventional ventilation equipment, the fan device that performs mechanical exhaust is stopped when a fire occurs. In this case, smoke fills in the room where the fire occurred. In particular, in the case of ventilation equipment that collects the internal air of multiple rooms in a return air space (such as a washroom or a corridor) through an air circulation section such as an undercut, and a ventilation facility that exhausts the air collectively from the return air space, a fire occurred. There is a problem that smoke flows out not only in the room but also in the space from there to the return air space.

  Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a building ventilation system and a building equipped with the ventilation system capable of exhausting the harmful gas even if a harmful gas such as smoke at the time of a fire is generated. To do.

  The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.

  That is, the means 1 is a building ventilation facility for supplying air to the ventilation target space from the outside through an air supply port and returning air in the ventilation target space through a return port, In the first ventilation state in which the supply of air through the supply port and the return of air through the return port are performed, on the contrary, the return air and the return port through the supply port It is possible to temporarily switch to the second ventilation state in which the air is supplied through the air.

  According to this means 1, in the second ventilation state that is temporarily switched from the first ventilation state, the return air through the air supply port and the return air through the return air port are contrary to the first ventilation state. Air supply is performed. For this reason, even if an abnormal situation occurs in which a harmful gas (for example, smoke or carbon monoxide (CO) in the event of a fire) is generated in the ventilation target space, the harmful gas is returned through the air supply port. Can exhaust it. And since the exhaust is performed only by temporarily switching from the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state, it is not necessary to separately install a harmful gas exhaust device, and the configuration is simplified and the cost is reduced. Can do.

  In the means 2, the air supply ports are provided at a plurality of locations in the space to be ventilated, and the return air ports are provided in an air concentration area in the space, and a plurality of air supply ports are provided in the first ventilation state. In the second ventilation state, return air is also supplied through a plurality of air supply ports.

  According to this means 2, since a plurality of air supply ports are provided in one ventilation facility, it becomes possible to intensively control the air supply through each air supply port and vice versa. . And in the 2nd ventilation state, since return air is performed via these air supply ports, exhaust of harmful gas generated at an arbitrary place can be promoted. In addition, for example, it is preferable that a plurality of air supply openings are provided in each room in the building, and the return air supply openings are provided in a common space (corridor, hall, etc.) as a concentrated area.

  The means 3 includes an air supply fan provided in an air supply passage leading to the air supply opening, and a return air fan provided in a return air passage leading to the return air opening, wherein the air supply fan and the return air fan are It can be rotated in forward and reverse directions, and the fans are switched from the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state by reversely rotating these fans.

According to the means 3, the air supply fan and the return air fan are normally rotated in the first ventilation state, and can be switched to the second ventilation state by reversely rotating these fans. For this reason, it is possible to switch the ventilation state only by rotating each fan in the reverse direction, and it is possible to suitably realize the temporary switching of the ventilation state.

  In the means 4, the gas detection means for detecting the presence or absence of harmful gas in the space to be ventilated, and when the gas detection means detects the presence of harmful gas, the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state. Switching control means for switching to.

  According to this means 4, when it is detected by the gas detection means that harmful gas exists in the space to be ventilated, the switching control means switches from the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state. As a result, if harmful gas is generated, the ventilation state is automatically switched, so that harmful gas can be exhausted accurately.

  In the means 5, the air supply port is provided at a plurality of locations in the space to be ventilated, and the return air port is provided in an air concentration area in the same space. It was assumed that the presence or absence of harmful gas was detected in the return air passage leading to the mouth or the return air outlet.

  According to the means 5, in the first ventilation state, air is supplied through the plurality of air supply ports, and air is returned to the return air port provided in the concentration area. For this reason, when harmful gas is generated at an arbitrary place in the space to be ventilated, the harmful gas is also returned to the return port. Then, the gas detection means detects the presence or absence of harmful gas in the return air port or the return air passage leading to the return air port. Therefore, it is possible to reliably detect harmful gas generated at any place without adopting a configuration in which a plurality of gas detection devices are scattered and installed.

  The means 6 is provided in an air supply passage that communicates with the air supply port, and performs an audio notification in the air supply passage, and the notification in accordance with the switching from the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state. Notification control means for operating the means.

According to this means 6, the notification means is operated by the notification control means in accordance with the switching from the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state. By the operation of the notification means, sound notification is performed in the air supply passage, and the sound propagates through the air supply passage and is transmitted to the space to be ventilated. Accordingly, it is possible to notify that the switching has been performed without installing a notification means separately from the ventilation facility. When there are a plurality of air supply ports and the air supply passage is divided into a plurality of air supply passages, a notification means may be provided in the collecting portion (upstream side of the branch portion) in the air supply passage. Thereby, it is not necessary to provide a notification means for each supply passage.

  In the means 7, the voice generated by the notification means includes information that triggers switching from the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state.

  According to this means 7, when the sound notification is performed by the notification means, a sound including information that triggers switching from the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state is emitted. Thereby, when switching is performed in the event of an abnormal situation such as the generation of harmful gas, the occurrence status of the abnormal situation can be notified in detail. As information here, for example, information on the occurrence of a fire, or information specifying the floor where the generation of harmful gas is detected (for example, if air supply equipment is installed on each floor of a multi-storey building) "Abnormal on the first floor").

  The means 8 is a building provided with the ventilation equipment according to any one of the above means, and in the building, a plurality of air supply spaces each of which is the space to be ventilated and each of which is provided with the air supply port, and the air supply thereof. A return air space adjacent to at least one of the air spaces and provided with the return air port, wherein the plurality of supply air spaces and the return air space are communicated with each other via an air circulation part provided in the partition part. It was said that

  According to the means 8, in the first ventilation state, air is returned to the return air space through the air circulation portion, and the return air is exhausted to the outdoors. And if it switches to a 2nd ventilation state, the return air will be performed via the inlet of a supply space, and the return air will be exhausted. When the ventilation state is switched because harmful gas is generated at an arbitrary place, the air is not returned to the return port of the return space after the switching. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the harmful gas from spreading due to the continuous return air to the return air opening of the return air space.

  The means 9 is a multi-storey building in which the ventilation equipment described in any of the above means is provided on different floors, and the building includes centralized control means for centrally controlling the ventilation equipment for each floor, and the centralized control means When switching from the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state is performed in the ventilation facility on the first floor, switching from the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state is also performed in the ventilation facility on the other floor. Was to be implemented.

  According to this means 9, when the central control means switches from the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state in the ventilation facility on the first floor, the ventilation facility on the other floor similarly switches to the second ventilation state. Is switched. As a result, it is possible to perform return air through the air supply port on all floors, thereby promoting exhaust of harmful gases throughout the building.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, it is embodied in a two-story building.

  First, the outline of the entire building will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the building of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the two-story building 10 includes a two-story building body 11 and a roof 12 disposed above the building body 11. In the building main body 11, the living space of each of the first floor part and the second floor part is divided into a plurality by inner walls as partitioning parts, and thereby a plurality of rooms 21 to 28 are provided on each floor.

  Specifically, the arrangement of the rooms in FIG. 1 is as follows. First, a first living room 21, a second living room 22 having a smaller floor area, a corridor 23 leading to the second floor, and a washroom 24 are set on the first floor. The first living room 21 and the second living room 22 communicate with the corridor 23 through the air circulation part K (for example, undercut at the lower part of the door), and the corridor 23 similarly communicates with the washroom 24 through the air circulation part K. . On the other hand, in the second floor part, a third living room 25, a fourth living room 26 and a fifth living room 27 having a smaller floor area, and a corridor 28 leading to the first floor part are set. Each of the living rooms 25 to 27 on the second floor part communicates with the corridor 28 through the air circulation part K.

  Next, the building 10 is provided with a whole-building ventilation system that targets the first floor part and the second floor part of the living space for ventilation. The entire building ventilation system includes a first central ventilation facility that targets a first floor portion and a second central ventilation facility that targets a second floor portion. And by each central ventilation installation, introduction of fresh outside air and discharge of dirty inside air are performed in each of the 1st floor part and the 2nd floor part. Therefore, each of these central ventilation facilities will be described in detail.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the first central ventilation facility 30 that targets the first floor portion for ventilation is installed in the ceiling space T1 of the first floor portion. The first central ventilation facility 30 includes a ventilator 31 installed in the back of the ceiling of the washroom 24. 4A and 4B are schematic views of the ventilating device 31. FIG. 4A shows an operation state at a normal time, and FIG. 4B shows an operation state at the time of abnormality such as generation of harmful gas. Among these, first, it demonstrates with reference to (a). In addition, in FIG. 4, the code | symbol regarding the ventilator 51 of the 2nd central ventilation equipment 50 mentioned later is shown in parenthesis. This is because the configuration is common.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the ventilation device 31 includes an air supply unit 32 and a return air unit 33. An introduction passage 34 is formed in the air supply unit 32, and an air supply fan 35 is provided in the middle of the introduction passage 34. Further, a return air passage 36 is formed in the return air unit 33, and a return air fan 37 is provided in the middle of the return air passage 36. The air supply fan 35 and the return air fan 37 are rotationally driven in synchronization by a fan drive device 38 such as a motor, and the drive of the fan drive device 38 is controlled by a ventilation control device 39. Therefore, the rotation of the air supply fan 35 and the return air fan 37 is controlled by the ventilation control device 39 (for example, start or stop, rotation speed control, etc.). When the air supply fan 35 and the return air fan 37 are rotationally driven, an air flow from the introduction side of the passage toward the discharge side is formed in each of the introduction passage 34 and the return air passage 36.

  One end of an introduction duct 41 is connected to the introduction port 34a of the introduction passage 34 in the air supply unit 32, and the other end of the introduction duct 41 opens to the outside at the outer wall portion of the building 10 (see FIG. 1). One end of an air supply duct 42 is connected to the discharge port 34 b of the introduction passage 34, and the other end of the air supply duct 42 is connected to an air supply port 43 installed in the ceiling portion of the living rooms 21 and 22 to be supplied with air. Has been. The air supply ducts 42 are provided by the number of air supply ports 43 (three in FIG. 1). For this reason, the discharge ports 34b of the introduction passage 34 are also provided by the number of the air supply ducts 42, and the discharge side of the introduction passage 34 is branched by the number of the discharge ports 34b. Then, when the air supply fan 35 rotates in the air supply unit 32, outside air is sent to each air supply port 43 through the introduction duct 41, the introduction passage 34, and the air supply duct 42 by the airflow generated thereby, and the first living room 21 and Outside air is introduced into the second living room 22. This is called air supply through the air supply port 43. In FIG. 1, the flow of the air supply is indicated by white arrows.

  The introduction port 36 a of the return air passage 36 in the return air unit 33 is connected to a return air port 44 installed in the ceiling portion of the washroom 24. One end of an exhaust duct 45 is connected to the discharge port 36 b of the return air passage 36, and the other end of the exhaust duct 45 opens to the outside at the outer wall portion of the building 10. Here, as described above, the first living room 21 and the second living room 22 communicate with each other through the corridor 23 and the washroom 24 and the air circulation unit K on the way. When the return air fan 37 rotates in the return air unit 33, an air suction force acts on the return air port 44 connected to the introduction port 36a due to the airflow generated thereby. Therefore, when the return air fan 37 rotates, the inside air of each of the rooms 21 and 22 flows out in the order of the corridor 23 and the washroom 24 through the air circulation part K, and then returns to the return air outlet 44 of the washroom 24. After that, I'm returned. This is called return air through the return port 44. The returned air (return air) is exhausted to the outside through the return air passage 36 and the exhaust duct 45. In FIG. 1, the flow of the return air and the exhaust gas is indicated by black arrows.

  Then, the 2nd central ventilation equipment 50 which makes a 2nd floor part ventilation object is demonstrated. The second central ventilation facility 50 is installed in the ceiling space T2 on the second floor. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4A, the second central ventilation facility 50 is introduced with a ventilation device 51 (having an air supply unit 52 and a return air unit 53), similar to the first central ventilation facility 30 described above. A duct 61, an air supply duct 62, an air supply port 63, a return air port 64, and an exhaust duct 65 are provided. Since these devices and each member have substantially the same configuration as that of the first central ventilation facility 30, the description of the common parts is omitted.

  However, since the room configurations set for the first floor part and the second floor part are different, there are some differences. First, the ventilator 51 is installed in the back part of the ceiling of the hallway 28, and the return air port 64 is installed in the ceiling part of the hallway 28. Second, the third room 25, the fourth room 26, and the fifth room 27 are air supply targets, and only the number of air supply ports 63 (four in FIG. 1) installed in the ceiling portion is supplied. An air duct 62 is provided. In this respect, the illustration shown in FIG. 4 is different, but the illustration is omitted because only the number of the air supply ports 63 is different.

  In the second central ventilation facility 50, when the air supply fan 55 of the ventilator 51 rotates, outside air is sent to each air supply port 63 through the introduction duct 61, the introduction passage 54, and the air supply duct 62, and the third living room. 25, outside air is introduced into the fourth room 26 and the fifth room 27 (air supply through the air supply port 63). When the return air fan 57 rotates, the inside air of each of the rooms 25 to 27 flows out to the corridor 28 through the air circulation part K, and is then returned via the return air route to the return air port 64 of the corridor 28 ( Return air via return port 64). The returned air (return air) is exhausted to the outside through the return air passage 56 and the exhaust duct 65.

  In the present embodiment, the introduction ducts 41 and 61, the introduction passages 34 and 54, and the supply ducts 42 and 62 constitute an air supply passage. The washroom 24 and the corridor 28 where the returned air gathers correspond to a concentrated area or a return air space. The concentrated area and the return air space are not limited to the washroom 24 and the corridor 28, and may be a common space such as a hall or a space where a strange odor is likely to occur such as a toilet.

  Next, an electrical configuration of the entire building ventilation system including the first and second central ventilation facilities 30 and 50 described above will be described based on a block diagram shown in FIG.

  As illustrated, the entire building ventilation system includes a centralized controller 71 as centralized control means for controlling the system. The centralized controller 71 is installed on the wall surface of the third living room 25 together with, for example, the operation device 72 connected to the centralized controller 71 (see FIG. 1). The operation device 72 is provided with a driving operation unit (not shown). The centralized controller 71 is connected to the ventilation control devices 39 and 59 of the ventilation devices 31 and 51. When the building user operates the operation unit of the operation device 72, the ventilation control devices 39 and 59 are controlled. Issue a command. In response to the command, the ventilation control devices 39 and 59 control the fan drive devices 38 and 58 to rotate the air supply fans 35 and 55 and the return air fans 37 and 57 at a predetermined rotational speed. Thereby, the ventilation operation of the whole ventilation system is implemented.

  The contents of control by the centralized controller 71 include not only the ventilation operation of the entire ventilation system described above, but also the individual ventilation operation of each of the first and second central ventilation facilities 30 and 50, and the timer operation that operates for a set time. Etc. may be implemented. In that case, a driving operation unit associated with each control content is provided in the operation device 72, and the centralized controller 71 performs control according to the control content of the operated driving operation unit.

  According to the whole building ventilation system configured as described above, when the operation operation unit of the operation device 72 is operated and the ventilation operation is executed, the first and second central ventilation facilities 30 and 50 cause the first floor of the building 10 to be in the first floor. The part and the second floor part are ventilated. That is, as indicated by arrows in FIG. 1, air is supplied to each of the rooms 21, 22, 25 to 27 through the air supply ports 43 and 63, and the air is returned through the return air route on each floor. Return air is provided through the ports 44 and 64. Thereafter, the return air is exhausted outdoors. This is called the first ventilation state. By carrying out such ventilation, even when the air in each of the rooms 21 to 28 is contaminated due to various factors such as the daily life of a person, the air is discharged and fresh outside air is introduced. For this reason, a fresh air environment is always maintained indoors in the building 10 during the ventilation operation by the whole building ventilation system.

  By the way, the whole building ventilation system employed in the building 10 of the present embodiment seems to have generated harmful gases (such as smoke in the event of a fire) in the air supply target room as well as the normal ventilation operation described above. It is possible to cope with any abnormal situation. Next, this will be described in detail.

  In the ventilators 31 and 51 of the central ventilation facilities 30 and 50, the air supply fans 35 and 55 of the air supply units 32 and 52 and the return air fans 37 and 57 of the return air units 33 and 53 are provided so as to be reversely rotatable. The fan drive devices 38 and 58 are driven to rotate forward or backward. The drive switching is performed by drive control of the fan drive devices 38 and 58 by the ventilation control devices 39 and 59. When the air supply fans 35 and 55 and the return air fans 37 and 57 are synchronously driven in reverse rotation, the introduction passages 34 and 54 and the return air passages 36 and 56 are respectively connected from the discharge side of the passage to the introduction side. A heading airflow is formed.

  The air flow when the air supply fans 35 and 33 and the return air fans 37 and 57 are reversely rotated is indicated by arrows in FIGS. 3 and 4B. As shown in the figure, the flow of air to be ventilated is reversed from that in the normal ventilation operation. Specifically, an air suction force acts on the outdoor openings of the exhaust ducts 45 and 65 connected to the discharge ports 36 b and 56 b of the return air passages 36 and 56 due to the airflow generated by the reverse rotation of the return air fans 37 and 57. For this reason, outside air is sent to the return air ports 44 and 64 through the exhaust ducts 45 and 65 and the return air passages 36 and 56, and the outside air is introduced into the washroom 24 on the first floor portion and the corridor 28 on the second floor portion.

  In addition, air suction force is exerted on each of the air supply ports 43 and 63 communicating with the discharge ports 34b and 54b of the introduction passages 34 and 54 through the air supply ducts 42 and 62 due to the airflow generated by the reverse rotation of the air supply fans 35 and 55. Act. For this reason, in the first floor portion, the air is returned through the air circulation section K through the reverse return route from the washroom 24 through the corridor 23 to the air inlet 43 of each of the rooms 21 and 22. In the second floor portion, the air is returned through the reverse return route from the corridor 28 to the air supply openings 63 of the rooms 25 to 27 through the air circulation part K. The returned air (return air) is exhausted to the outside through the air supply ducts 42 and 62, the introduction passages 34 and 54, and the introduction ducts 41 and 61.

  Therefore, when the air supply fans 35 and 55 and the return air fans 37 and 57 are rotated in the reverse direction, air is supplied via the return air ports 44 and 64 of the washroom 24 and the corridor 28, while the living rooms 21, 22, 25 are provided. Return air is supplied through the air supply ports 43 and 63 of ˜27. This is called the second ventilation state.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the first and second ventilation devices 31 and 51 of the first and second central ventilation facilities 30 and 50 have first sensors 81 and 82 as gas detection means in the return air passages 36 and 56. The second sensors 83 and 84 are installed in the introduction passages 34 and 54. These 1st and 2nd sensors 81-84 are sensors which detect the concentration of harmful gas (smoke, carbon monoxide (CO), etc. at the time of fire occurrence) contained in the air which circulates the installation location, and detected Toxic gas concentration information can be output to the outside. The installation location of the first sensors 81 and 82 is arbitrary as long as it is a discharge path from the return air ports 44 and 64 to the outside, and the installation location of the second sensors 83 and 84 is the discharge side branch of the introduction passages 34 and 54. It is optional as long as it is on the upstream side of the air supply from the portion.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, an alarm sound including predetermined information may be emitted toward the discharge ports 34 b and 54 b on the upstream side (collection portion) of the supply passages from the branch portions of the introduction passages 34 and 64. Alarm devices 85 and 86 are installed as possible notification means. The predetermined information included in the alarm sound is, for example, the cause of generation of harmful gas (for example, “fire occurrence”), information specifying the floor where harmful gas is detected (for example, “abnormal on the first floor”), etc. It is. When such an alarm sound is emitted from the alarm devices 85 and 86, the alarm sound propagates through the air supply ducts 42 and 62 and is transmitted from the air supply ports 43 and 63 to the respective rooms 21, 22, 25 to 27.

  As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 2, the first and second sensors 81 to 84 and the alarm devices 85 and 86 are each connected to a centralized controller 71. For this reason, harmful gas concentration information is sequentially input from the first and second sensors 81 to 84 to the centralized controller 71. The alarm devices 85 and 86 emit an alarm sound based on a command from the centralized controller 71. For this reason, in the present embodiment, the centralized controller 71 constitutes a notification control unit.

  Next, during the normal ventilation operation, when the harmful gas G is generated in either the first floor or the second floor of the room (for example, the third room 25 as shown in FIG. 3), the centralized controller 71 performs the operation. The control process will be described.

  The generated harmful gas G rides on the normal return air route shown in FIG. 1 and reaches the return air ports 44 and 64, so that the concentration of harmful gas contained in the return air increases. For this reason, when the harmful gas concentration in the return air detected by the first sensors 81 and 82 exceeds a predetermined value, the centralized controller 71 determines that an abnormal situation has occurred. Note that the centralized controller 71 determines whether the detection value by the first sensor 81 on the first floor is equal to or higher than the predetermined value, the detection value by the first sensor 82 on the second floor is higher than the predetermined value, and in any case. Judged as an abnormal situation. In this case, the centralized controller 71 issues the following two commands.

  First, the centralized controller 71 causes the ventilation control devices 39 and 59 of the ventilation devices 31 and 51 to rotate the fans 35, 37, 55 and 57 in the reverse direction by increasing the number of rotations compared to the normal ventilation operation. Command. In response to this command, the ventilation control devices 39 and 59 control the fan drive devices 38 and 58 to rotate the air supply fans 35 and 55 and the return air fans 37 and 57 in reverse in synchronization. Thereby, the reverse rotation of the fan is performed on each floor of the first floor and the second floor regardless of whether the generation location of the harmful gas is on the first floor or the second floor.

  By the reverse rotation of the fan, the ventilation state of the central ventilation facilities 30 and 50 is switched to the second ventilation state. In other words, as described above, air is supplied through the return air ports 44 and 64 in the washroom 24 and the hallway 28. Further, in each of the rooms 21, 22, 25 to 27, return air is performed through the air supply ports 43 and 63, and the return air is exhausted outdoors (see FIGS. 3 and 4B). Thereby, the harmful gas G generated in one of the living rooms is exhausted directly from the air supply ports 43 and 63. In addition, from this, in this embodiment, the centralized controller 71 and the ventilation control apparatus 59 are switching control means.

  Secondly, the centralized controller 71 instructs the alarm devices 85 and 86 to emit an alarm sound. In response to this command, the alarm devices 85 and 86 emit an alarm sound as shown in FIG. The alarm sound emitted from the alarm devices 85 and 86 propagates through the air supply ducts 42 and 62 and is transmitted to the respective rooms 21, 22, 25 to 27. By this alarm sound, a person in a room where no harmful gas G is generated can also detect an abnormal situation where harmful gas is generated.

  The above control by the centralized controller 71 is continuously performed until the abnormal situation is resolved. Whether or not the abnormal situation has been resolved is determined as follows. That is, since the exhausted harmful gas G passes through the introduction passages 34 and 54 and the introduction ducts 41 and 61, when the concentration of the harmful gas detected by the second sensors 83 and 84 falls below a predetermined value, the central controller 71 Judge that the abnormal situation has been resolved. Note that it may be determined that the abnormal situation has been resolved after a predetermined time has elapsed, in which case the second sensors 83 and 84 are not required. However, in order to accurately determine that the abnormal state has been resolved, it is preferable to make a determination in association with the concentration of harmful gas in the exhausted air as described above.

  When the centralized controller 71 determines that the abnormal situation has been resolved, the centralized controller 71 instructs the ventilation control devices 39 and 59 of the ventilation devices 31 and 51 to return the fans 35, 55, 37, and 57 to normal rotation. At the same time, the alarm devices 85 and 86 are also instructed to stop generating the alarm sound. By this command, the air supply fans 35 and 55 and the return air fans 37 and 57 rotate forward as before, and the normal ventilation operation is performed. Further, the alarm sound is not emitted, and a person in the room where no harmful gas is generated can detect that the abnormal situation has been resolved.

  The above control process is performed by the centralized controller 71 when an abnormal situation occurs in which harmful gas is generated. Thereby, harmful gas is exhausted from the air supply ports 43 and 63 in which it is generated. Further, the alarm sound propagating through the air supply ducts 42 and 62 allows a person in the room where no harmful gas is generated to detect an abnormality of the generation of the harmful gas. In such a manner, the entire building ventilation system applied to the building 10 of this embodiment can cope with an abnormality.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.

(A) In this embodiment, as a whole building ventilation system installed in the building 10, a return air space that supplies air to the living rooms 21, 22, 25 to 27 and includes return air ports 44 and 64 (this embodiment Employs a facility for intensively returning the inside air to the washroom 24 and the corridor 28) and exhausting it outside.
In such a ventilation system, when harmful gases are generated in the rooms 21, 22, 25 to 27, the air supply fans 35 and 55 and the return air fans 37 and 57 rotate reversely to supply air through the return air ports 44 and 64. Returning air is performed through the air supply ports 43 and 63. Thereby, harmful gas can be exhausted without being spread indoors on the return air route during normal ventilation operation.

In addition, in this case, since the return air is performed simultaneously at all the air supply ports 43 and 63, exhaust of harmful gas generated at an arbitrary place can be promoted.
In addition, exhaust of harmful gas is performed by using a ventilation system that was installed for normal ventilation and switching the ventilation state, so there is no need to install a separate harmful gas exhaust device, and the configuration can be simplified. Cost can be reduced.

  Furthermore, the ventilation state can be switched by simply rotating the air supply fans 35 and 55 and the return air fans 37 and 57 in reverse, and the control thereof can be easily performed by commands from the centralized controller 71 and the ventilation control devices 39 and 59.

  Furthermore, since the internal air of each floor is collected in the return air space, harmful gases generated in any place are also collected in the return air space. The first sensors 81 and 82 detect the concentration of harmful gas contained in the return air. Therefore, noxious gas can be reliably detected without installing noxious gas detection devices in the respective rooms 21, 22, 25-27. And since a ventilation state is automatically switched based on the detection result, discharge | emission of harmful gas can be performed exactly.

  (A) In the present embodiment, an alarm sound is emitted from the alarm devices 85 and 86 when an abnormality occurs, and this alarm sound propagates through the air supply ducts 42 and 62 and is notified to the respective rooms 21, 22, 25 to 27. The Therefore, even if an alarm device is not separately installed, it is possible to reliably notify the occurrence of an abnormal situation such as generation of harmful gas. In addition, the alarm sound contains information that triggered the switching of the ventilation state, such as information identifying the cause of the abnormality and the floor where the occurrence of harmful gases was detected, so the occurrence of the abnormal situation should be reported in detail. Can do.

  (C) In the present embodiment, the centralized controller 71 determines that an abnormal situation occurs when the concentration of harmful gas is equal to or higher than a predetermined value regardless of whether the harmful gas is generated on the first floor or the second floor. The fan rotates in reverse. For this reason, at the time of abnormality, it becomes possible to perform the return air through the air supply ports 43 and 63 in all the living rooms 21, 22, 25 to 27, and the exhaust of harmful gas thereby can be promoted throughout the building.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and may be implemented in the form shown as another example below.

  (A) In the above embodiment, the ventilation state is switched by reversely rotating the supply air fans 35 and 55 and the return air fans 37 and 57. Instead, the ventilation state may be switched by switching the passages in the ventilation devices 31 and 51 while maintaining the rotation direction of the fan. Specifically, a passage switching device such as a damper causes the outflow side from the supply air fans 35 and 55 to communicate with the inlets 36a and 56a of the return air passages 36 and 56, and the inflow side of the return air fans 37 and 57 is connected. The outlets 34b and 54b of the introduction passages 34 and 54 are communicated with each other. By such passage switching, return air through the air supply ports 43 and 63 and air supply through the return air ports 44 and 64 are performed.

  (B) In the above embodiment, after the inside air is returned from the living rooms 21, 22, 25 to 27 to the washroom 24 and the corridor 28, which are return spaces provided with the return ports 44 and 64, the return air is returned. Are exhausted to the outdoors. Instead of this, the return air port provided in each room of the building 10 and the introduction ports 36a and 56a of the return air passages 36 and 56 in the ventilation devices 31 and 51 may be connected by a concentrated pipe. In this case, the inside air of each room sucked from the return air port is sent to the return air passages 36 and 56 through the central pipe, and then exhausted to the outside through the exhaust ducts 45 and 65.

  (C) In the said embodiment, it may replace with the central ventilation by the 1st and 2nd central ventilation equipment 30 and 50, and it is good also as a ventilation equipment which supplies and returns air separately for every living room. However, if there is only one room to be supplied with air, it will inevitably be individually ventilated, and that is sufficient, but if there are multiple rooms to be ventilated as in the above embodiment, a central ventilation facility is used. Is superior in terms of cost, simplification of equipment, and the like.

  (D) In the above embodiment, the central ventilation facilities 30 and 50 are installed on each floor of the building 10, but supply and return air to the rooms 21, 22, 25 to 27 on each floor by one central ventilation facility. You may make it implement.

  (E) In the above embodiment, the centralized controller 71 controls the driving of the fan driving devices 38 and 58 via the ventilation control devices 39 and 59. However, the centralized controller 71 controls the driving of the fan driving devices 38 and 58. You may make it control directly. In short, any configuration may be used as long as the rotation of the fan is controlled by control means such as a controller.

  (F) In the said embodiment, while installing a human sensitive sensor in each room 21,22,25-27 provided with the air inlets 43 and 63, it is an inert gas in each said room 21,22,25-27 You may provide the inert gas supply apparatus which supplies (for example, carbon dioxide etc.). In this case, if the inert gas is supplied to the room where the fire has occurred by the inert gas supply device after confirming that there is no person using the human sensor, the fire can be extinguished by the inert gas.

  (G) Although the application example to the two-story building 10 has been described in the above embodiment, it may be applied to a one-story building or a three-story or more building. The type of building can be applied not only to a single-family house but also to a condominium or a building.

It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a building, and has shown the flow of the air at the normal time. Block diagram of the entire building ventilation system. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a building, and has shown the flow of the air at the time of abnormality. It is the schematic of a ventilator, (a) shows the driving | running condition at the time of normal, (b) has shown the driving | running condition at the time of abnormality.

Explanation of symbols

  10 ... Building, 21, 22 ... Living room (air supply space), 24 ... Washing room (return air space, concentration area) 25-27 ... Living room (air supply space), 28 ... Corridor (return air space, concentration area) , 34, 54 ... introduction passage (air supply passage), 35, 55 ... air supply fan, 36, 56 ... return air passage, 37, 57 ... return air fan, 39, 59 ... ventilation control device (switching control means), 41, 61 ... introduction duct (air supply passage), 44, 64 ... return air port, 42, 62 ... air supply duct (air supply passage), 43, 63 ... air supply port, 71 ... central controller (central control means, Switching control means, notification control means), 81, 82 ... first sensor (gas detection means), 85, 86 ... alarm device (notification means).

Claims (6)

A ventilation system for a building that supplies air from outside to an air space to be ventilated through an air supply port and returns air in the space to be ventilated through an air return port,
In the first ventilation state in which the supply of air through the supply port and the return of air through the return port are performed, the return air and the return port through the supply port are reversed. temporarily it can be switched to the second ventilation for causing the air supply through,
The air supply port is provided at a plurality of locations in the space to be ventilated, and the return air port is provided in an air concentration area in the space,
In the first ventilation state, air is supplied through a plurality of air supply ports, while in the second ventilation state, return air is also supplied through a plurality of air supply ports.
An air supply fan provided in an air supply passage leading to the air supply opening; and a return air fan provided in a return air passage communicating with the return air opening;
The air supply fan and the return air fan can be driven to rotate in both forward and reverse directions, and by switching these fans in the reverse direction, switching from the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state is performed. Furthermore,
First gas detection means for detecting the concentration of harmful gas in the return air passage;
Second gas detection means for detecting the concentration of harmful gas in the air supply passage;
When the harmful gas concentration exceeds a predetermined value based on the detection result by the first gas detection means, the fans are rotated in reverse, and the harmful gas concentration is determined based on the detection result by the second gas detection means. A controller that rotates each fan in the forward direction when it becomes less than a predetermined value;
Ventilation of the building which is characterized in that it comprises. 2. The building ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the air supply fan and the return air fan are set to have a higher rotation speed during reverse rotation than during normal rotation. An informing means provided in an air supply passage that communicates with the air supply port, and performs voice notification in the air supply passage;
Notification control means for operating the notification means in accordance with switching from the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state;
The building ventilation system according to claim 1 or 2 . The building ventilation system according to claim 3 , wherein the sound generated by the notification means includes information that triggers switching from the first ventilation state to the second ventilation state. A building comprising the ventilation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
A plurality of air supply spaces each of which is the space to be ventilated and provided with the air supply ports, and a return air space provided with the return air ports adjacent to at least one of the air supply spaces, A building characterized in that a plurality of air supply spaces and the return air space communicate with each other via an air circulation portion provided in a partition portion. A multi-storey building in which the ventilation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is provided on different floors,
Equipped with centralized control means for centralized control of ventilation equipment for each floor,
The centralized control means, when said switching from the first ventilating state to the second ventilation is carried out in a single floor of ventilation, the first ventilation even before Symbol other floor ventilation first 2 A building that switches to a ventilated state.

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