JPH0573215B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0573215B2 JPH0573215B2 JP61055981A JP5598186A JPH0573215B2 JP H0573215 B2 JPH0573215 B2 JP H0573215B2 JP 61055981 A JP61055981 A JP 61055981A JP 5598186 A JP5598186 A JP 5598186A JP H0573215 B2 JPH0573215 B2 JP H0573215B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- silver
- developer
- groups
- general formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 99
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N caprylic alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 26
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- NDGRWYRVNANFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolidin-3-one Chemical compound O=C1CCNN1 NDGRWYRVNANFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 8
- CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1O CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 208000002109 Argyria Diseases 0.000 description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000005205 dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 6
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 150000000996 L-ascorbic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002503 iridium Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000003283 rhodium Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 5
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- LRUDIIUSNGCQKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=C(C)C=CC2=NNN=C21 LRUDIIUSNGCQKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WSGURAYTCUVDQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-nitro-1h-indazole Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C2NN=CC2=C1 WSGURAYTCUVDQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004391 aryl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M merocyanine Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1N(CCCC)C(=O)N(CCCC)C(=O)C1=C\C=C\C=C/1N(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2O\1 DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M 0.000 description 4
- CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenidone Chemical compound N1C(=O)CCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZFIQGRISGKSVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylaminophenol Chemical compound CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZFIQGRISGKSVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003170 phenylsulfonyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)* 0.000 description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])=O BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000019252 potassium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000565 sulfonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- YLVACWCCJCZITJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane-2,3-diol Chemical compound OC1OCCOC1O YLVACWCCJCZITJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 2
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SJSJAWHHGDPBOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dimethyl-1-phenylpyrazolidin-3-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(C)(C)CN1C1=CC=CC=C1 SJSJAWHHGDPBOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DSVIHYOAKPVFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methyl-1-phenylpyrazolidin-3-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(C)(CO)CN1C1=CC=CC=C1 DSVIHYOAKPVFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000005138 alkoxysulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004397 aminosulfonyl group Chemical group NS(=O)(=O)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005135 aryl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001565 benzotriazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001661 cadmium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000005521 carbonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010219 correlation analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001160 methoxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K rhodium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Rh+3] SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 125000003441 thioacyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004764 thiosulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CNHDIAIOKMXOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluquinol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC=C1O CNHDIAIOKMXOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940062627 tribasic potassium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- LUMLZKVIXLWTCI-NSCUHMNNSA-N (e)-2,3-dichloro-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(\Cl)=C(/Cl)C=O LUMLZKVIXLWTCI-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHMYGUUIMTVXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydrobenzimidazole-2-thione Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(S)=NC2=C1 YHMYGUUIMTVXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWPGKPWCKGMJMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-aminophenyl)-4,4-dimethylpyrazolidin-3-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(C)(C)CN1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 IWPGKPWCKGMJMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIQZJFKTROUNPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin Chemical compound CC1(C)N(CO)C(=O)NC1=O SIQZJFKTROUNPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGZHVNZHFYCSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole Chemical compound SC1=NN=NN1C1=CC=CC=C1 GGZHVNZHFYCSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYBFGAFWCBMEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[3,5-di(prop-2-enoyl)-1,3,5-triazinan-1-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CN(C(=O)C=C)CN(C(=O)C=C)C1 FYBFGAFWCBMEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAAIPIWKKXCNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-tetrazol-1-ium-5-thiolate Chemical class SC1=NN=NN1 JAAIPIWKKXCNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HAZJTCQWIDBCCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-triazine-6-thione Chemical class SC1=CC=NN=N1 HAZJTCQWIDBCCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YQTCQNIPQMJNTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropan-1-one Chemical group CC(C)(C)[C]=O YQTCQNIPQMJNTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XIWRQEFBSZWJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dibromobenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C(Br)=C1Br XIWRQEFBSZWJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBCKMJVEAUXWJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichlorobenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C(Cl)=C1Cl DBCKMJVEAUXWJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPASWZHHWPVSRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=C(C)C=C1O GPASWZHHWPVSRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIEFDNUEROKZRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylethenyl)aniline Chemical group NC1=CC=CC=C1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 BIEFDNUEROKZRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(cyclohexen-1-yl)cyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1C1=CCCCC1 GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIGSPBFIOSHWQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Isopropyl-1,4-benzenediol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC(O)=CC=C1O HIGSPBFIOSHWQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHPYXVIHDRDPDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-1h-benzimidazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(Br)=NC2=C1 PHPYXVIHDRDPDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REFDOIWRJDGBHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromobenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C(Br)=C1 REFDOIWRJDGBHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYPSHJCKSDNETA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1h-benzimidazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(Cl)=NC2=C1 AYPSHJCKSDNETA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRTDQDCPEZRVGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitro-1h-benzimidazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC([N+](=O)[O-])=NC2=C1 KRTDQDCPEZRVGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propanol Substances CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSIAIROWMJGMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-triazol-4-amine Chemical class NC1=CNN=N1 JSIAIROWMJGMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWIRCRREDNEXTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitro-1h-indazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C([N+](=O)[O-])=NNC2=C1 OWIRCRREDNEXTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCVLSHAVSIYKLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-1,3-thiazole-2-thione Chemical class SC1=NC=CS1 OCVLSHAVSIYKLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJKLCDRWGVLVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1-phenylpyrazolidin-3-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(CO)(CO)CN1C1=CC=CC=C1 AJKLCDRWGVLVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYYSPVRERVXMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-difluorocyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound FC1(F)CCC(=O)CC1 NYYSPVRERVXMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IONPWNMJZIUKJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dimethyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)pyrazolidin-3-one Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N1NC(=O)C(C)(C)C1 IONPWNMJZIUKJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRYYOKKLTBRLHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(benzylamino)phenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1NCC1=CC=CC=C1 SRYYOKKLTBRLHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDGMAACKJSBLMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-2-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(N)=CC=C1O HDGMAACKJSBLMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000242 4-chlorobenzoyl group Chemical group ClC1=CC=C(C(=O)*)C=C1 0.000 description 1
- UTMDJGPRCLQPBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitro-1h-1,2,3-benzotriazole Chemical class [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 UTMDJGPRCLQPBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FIARATPVIIDWJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-1-phenylpyrazolidin-3-one Chemical compound CC1CC(=O)NN1C1=CC=CC=C1 FIARATPVIIDWJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150065749 Churc1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021639 Iridium tetrachloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021638 Iridium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002211 L-ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000069 L-ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WRUZLCLJULHLEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(p-hydroxyphenyl)glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 WRUZLCLJULHLEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000203593 Piper nigrum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100038239 Protein Churchill Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910021604 Rhodium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical group C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].BrCl Chemical compound [Ag].BrCl SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004442 acylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004644 alkyl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013614 black pepper Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001951 carbamoylamino group Chemical group C(N)(=O)N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZUIVNYGZFPOXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1717603 Chemical compound N1=C(C)C=C(O)N2N=CN=C21 ZUIVNYGZFPOXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002668 chloroacetyl group Chemical group ClCC(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- AJPXTSMULZANCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorohydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C(Cl)=C1 AJPXTSMULZANCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WYYQVWLEPYFFLP-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Cr+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O WYYQVWLEPYFFLP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M decanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BBLSYMNDKUHQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L dilithium;sulfite Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])=O BBLSYMNDKUHQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002012 dioxanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001242 enediol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroquinone methyl ether Natural products COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKCUHGBLDXXTOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy-oxo-phenyl-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound SS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 AKCUHGBLDXXTOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002473 indoazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002183 isoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- ZAKLKBFCSHJIRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N mucochloric acid Natural products OC1OC(=O)C(Cl)=C1Cl ZAKLKBFCSHJIRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004957 nitroimidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC([O-])=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxymethurea Chemical compound OCNC(=O)NCO QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005308 oxymethurea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATGAWOHQWWULNK-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentapotassium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O ATGAWOHQWWULNK-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006678 phenoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002006 poly(N-vinylimidazole) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000120 polyethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWPGFSMJFRPDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium metabisulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O RWPGFSMJFRPDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940043349 potassium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010263 potassium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LBOHISOWGKIIKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)C([O-])=O LBOHISOWGKIIKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBCQSNAFLVXVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidine-2-thiol Chemical class SC1=NC=CC=N1 HBCQSNAFLVXVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940077386 sodium benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UDWXLZLRRVQONG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCC([O-])=O UDWXLZLRRVQONG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BUPJAEYQPRVYDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;1h-1,3,5-triazin-2-one Chemical compound [Na].O=C1N=CN=CN1 BUPJAEYQPRVYDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GNCGTEQGBYYYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methylbenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 GNCGTEQGBYYYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MZSDGDXXBZSFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MZSDGDXXBZSFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QWSZRRAAFHGKCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O QWSZRRAAFHGKCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UOULCEYHQNCFFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hydroxymethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].OCS([O-])(=O)=O UOULCEYHQNCFFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004964 sulfoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004962 sulfoxyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CALMYRPSSNRCFD-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrachloroiridium Chemical compound Cl[Ir](Cl)(Cl)Cl CALMYRPSSNRCFD-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003475 thallium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JJJPTTANZGDADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole-4-thiol Chemical class SC1=CSN=N1 JJJPTTANZGDADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001391 thioamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003567 thiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea group Chemical group NC(=S)N UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003585 thioureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940001496 tribasic sodium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DANYXEHCMQHDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-K trichloroiridium Chemical compound Cl[Ir](Cl)Cl DANYXEHCMQHDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004044 trifluoroacetyl group Chemical group FC(C(=O)*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003232 water-soluble binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
- G03C5/305—Additives other than developers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Description
ïŒç£æ¥äžã®å©çšåéïŒ
æ¬çºæã¯ããã²ã³åéåçæå
ææã硬調ã«çŸ
åããæ¹æ³ã«é¢ãããã®ã§ãããç¹ã«ã°ã©ãã€ã
ã¯ã»ã¢ãŒãã®å°å·çšåç補çå·¥çšã«é©ããé«ã³ã³
ãã©ã¹ãã®ãã¬ãã€ãç»åã圢æããæ¹æ³ã«é¢ã
ããã®ã§ããã ïŒåŸæ¥ã®æè¡ïŒ ã°ã©ãã€ãã¯ã»ã¢ãŒãã®åéã«ãããŠã¯ç¶²ç¹ç»
åã«ããé£ç¶é調ã®ç»åã®åçãããã¯ç·ç»åã®
åçãè¯å¥œãªããããããã«ãé«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ãã®
åçç¹æ§ã瀺ãç»å圢æã·ã¹ãã ãå¿ èŠã§ããã åŸæ¥ãã®ç®çã®ããã«ã¯ãªã¹çŸå液ãšåŒã°ãã
ç¹å¥ãªçŸå液ãçšããããŠããããªã¹çŸå液ã¯çŸ
åäž»è¬ãšããŠãã€ããããã³ã®ã¿ãå«ã¿ããã®äŒ
æçŸåæ§ãé»å®³ããªãããã«ä¿æå€ããäºç¡«é žå¡©
ããã«ã ã¢ã«ããããšã®ä»å ç©ã®åœ¢ã«ããŠçšãé
é¢ã®äºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ã®æ¿åºŠã極ããŠäœãããŠããã
ãã®ãããªã¹çŸå液ã¯æ¥µããŠç©ºæ°é žåãåããã
ãïŒæ¥ãè¶ããä¿åã«èããããªããšããé倧ãª
æ¬ ç¹ãæã€ãŠããã é«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ãã®åçç¹æ§ãå®å®ãªçŸå液ãçš
ããŠåŸãæ¹æ³ãšããŠã¯ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4224401å·ãå
第4168977å·ãå第4166742å·ãå第4311781å·ã
å第4272606å·ãå第4211857å·ãå第4243739å·
çã«èšèŒãããŠããããã©ãžã³èªå°äœãçšããæ¹
æ³ãããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ãé«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ãã§
æ床ã®é«ãåçç¹æ§ãåŸãããæŽã«çŸå液äžã«é«
æ¿åºŠã®äºç¡«é žå¡©ãå ããããšã蚱容ãããã®ã§ã
çŸå液ã®ç©ºæ°é žåã«å¯Ÿããå®å®æ§ã¯ãªã¹çŸå液ã«
æ¯ã¹ãŠé£èºçã«åäžããã ãããããã®ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœãçšããæ¹æ³ã§
ã¯çŸå液ã®PHãéåžžã®ãªã¹çŸå液ã®PHãããé«ã
ã«èšå®ããããããPHå€ãå€åããããããã®PH
å€ã®å€åã«ãã€ãŠåçç¹æ§ã®çµæã«ã°ãã€ããçŸ
ãæããšããåé¡ãããã ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4269929å·ã«ã¯äžèšã®åé¡ã®è§£æ±ºã®
ãããçŸåäž»è¬ãšããŠãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³çŸå
äž»è¬ãšïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³çŸåäž»è¬ãçšããã¢ã«ã«
ãªæ§çŸå液ã«ã¢ããååç©ãæ·»å ããŠçŸå液ã®æŽ»
æ§ãé«ããããšã«ãããããäœãPHå€ã®çŸå液ã§
ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœã®å¢æã»ç¡¬èª¿åã®å¹æãçºçŸã
ããããšãèšèŒãããŠããã ããããªããããã®æ段ã«ãã€ãŠãPHå€ãéåžž
ã®ä¿ååã¯äœ¿çšæ¡ä»¶äžã§å€åãçããªããªãã»ã©
ã«äœãããããšã¯ã§ããªãã ãŸããã¢ããååç©ã¯ããã²ã³åéã®æº¶å€ãšã
ãŠäœçšããïŒC.E.K.MeesèãThe Theory of
the Photographic Processã3rd Ed.p370ãåå
ã³L.F.A.MasonèãPhotograohic Processing
Chemistryãp43åç §ïŒããã®ããã¢ããååç©ã
å€éã«çšããäžèšç±³åœç¹èš±ã®çŸåæ¹æ³ã§ã¯åœæ¥ç
ã§éæ±ããšããå称ã§åŒã°ããåé¡ãçºçããã
ããéæ±ããšã¯ãäŸãã°èªåçŸåæ©ã§ããã²ã³å
éåçæå ææãçŸååŠçããã®ãã€ã«ã é¢ç©ã«
å¿ããŠè£å 液ãçŸåã¿ã³ã¯ã«è£çµŠããæ¹æ³ã«ãã
ãŠãäžèšçŸå液ãé·æé䜿çšããããšãã€ã«ã ã
ã溶åºããããã²ã³åéãèªåçŸåæ©ã®ã¿ã³ã¯ã®
å£ããã€ã«ã ãæ¬éããããã®ããŒã©ãŒã«éãšã
ãŠæåºä»çãããã®éãæ°ãã«çŸååŠçããããš
ãããã€ã«ã ã«è»¢åããããšããæ¬ é¥ãæå³ã
ãã éæ±ãã®æ¬ é¥ã解æ¶ããããã«ã¯é«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹
ãåã®äœçšãæããªããããã²ã³åéã®æº¶å€ãšã
ãŠäœçšããããšã®ãªãååç©ã䜿çšããªããã°ãª
ããªãããããã芳ç¹ã«ç §ãããŠã©ã®ãããªåå
ç©ãé©åœããšããç¹ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãåŸæ¥å šãç¥ãã
ãŠããªãã€ãã ïŒçºæã解決ããããšããåé¡ç¹ïŒ åŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœãçšã
ãé«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ããã¬ãã€ãç»å圢ææ¹æ³ã«ãã
ãŠéæ±ãã®å°ãªãåçãã€ã«ã ç»åãæäŸããã
ãšã«ããã ïŒåé¡ç¹ã解決ããããã®ææ®µïŒ æ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãé²å ãããå®è³ªçã«è¡šé¢æœå
åã®ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææãããã©ãžã³é¡ã®
ååšäžã«çŸåããŠé«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ããã¬ç»åã圢æ
ããæ¹æ³ã«ãããŠ10.5ã12.3ã®PHå€ãæããã€å°
ãªããšãäžèšã®(1)ã(3)ã®æåãå«ã氎溶æ§ã¢ã«ã«
ãªçŸå液ã§åŠçããããšã«ãã€ãŠéæãããã (1) ãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³ç³»çŸåäž»è¬ã (2) 0.3ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äžã®äºç¡«é žå¡©ä¿æå€ã (3) äžè¬åŒ(A)ã®ååç©ã äžè¬åŒ(A)
åããæ¹æ³ã«é¢ãããã®ã§ãããç¹ã«ã°ã©ãã€ã
ã¯ã»ã¢ãŒãã®å°å·çšåç補çå·¥çšã«é©ããé«ã³ã³
ãã©ã¹ãã®ãã¬ãã€ãç»åã圢æããæ¹æ³ã«é¢ã
ããã®ã§ããã ïŒåŸæ¥ã®æè¡ïŒ ã°ã©ãã€ãã¯ã»ã¢ãŒãã®åéã«ãããŠã¯ç¶²ç¹ç»
åã«ããé£ç¶é調ã®ç»åã®åçãããã¯ç·ç»åã®
åçãè¯å¥œãªããããããã«ãé«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ãã®
åçç¹æ§ã瀺ãç»å圢æã·ã¹ãã ãå¿ èŠã§ããã åŸæ¥ãã®ç®çã®ããã«ã¯ãªã¹çŸå液ãšåŒã°ãã
ç¹å¥ãªçŸå液ãçšããããŠããããªã¹çŸå液ã¯çŸ
åäž»è¬ãšããŠãã€ããããã³ã®ã¿ãå«ã¿ããã®äŒ
æçŸåæ§ãé»å®³ããªãããã«ä¿æå€ããäºç¡«é žå¡©
ããã«ã ã¢ã«ããããšã®ä»å ç©ã®åœ¢ã«ããŠçšãé
é¢ã®äºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ã®æ¿åºŠã極ããŠäœãããŠããã
ãã®ãããªã¹çŸå液ã¯æ¥µããŠç©ºæ°é žåãåããã
ãïŒæ¥ãè¶ããä¿åã«èããããªããšããé倧ãª
æ¬ ç¹ãæã€ãŠããã é«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ãã®åçç¹æ§ãå®å®ãªçŸå液ãçš
ããŠåŸãæ¹æ³ãšããŠã¯ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4224401å·ãå
第4168977å·ãå第4166742å·ãå第4311781å·ã
å第4272606å·ãå第4211857å·ãå第4243739å·
çã«èšèŒãããŠããããã©ãžã³èªå°äœãçšããæ¹
æ³ãããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ãé«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ãã§
æ床ã®é«ãåçç¹æ§ãåŸãããæŽã«çŸå液äžã«é«
æ¿åºŠã®äºç¡«é žå¡©ãå ããããšã蚱容ãããã®ã§ã
çŸå液ã®ç©ºæ°é žåã«å¯Ÿããå®å®æ§ã¯ãªã¹çŸå液ã«
æ¯ã¹ãŠé£èºçã«åäžããã ãããããã®ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœãçšããæ¹æ³ã§
ã¯çŸå液ã®PHãéåžžã®ãªã¹çŸå液ã®PHãããé«ã
ã«èšå®ããããããPHå€ãå€åããããããã®PH
å€ã®å€åã«ãã€ãŠåçç¹æ§ã®çµæã«ã°ãã€ããçŸ
ãæããšããåé¡ãããã ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4269929å·ã«ã¯äžèšã®åé¡ã®è§£æ±ºã®
ãããçŸåäž»è¬ãšããŠãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³çŸå
äž»è¬ãšïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³çŸåäž»è¬ãçšããã¢ã«ã«
ãªæ§çŸå液ã«ã¢ããååç©ãæ·»å ããŠçŸå液ã®æŽ»
æ§ãé«ããããšã«ãããããäœãPHå€ã®çŸå液ã§
ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœã®å¢æã»ç¡¬èª¿åã®å¹æãçºçŸã
ããããšãèšèŒãããŠããã ããããªããããã®æ段ã«ãã€ãŠãPHå€ãéåžž
ã®ä¿ååã¯äœ¿çšæ¡ä»¶äžã§å€åãçããªããªãã»ã©
ã«äœãããããšã¯ã§ããªãã ãŸããã¢ããååç©ã¯ããã²ã³åéã®æº¶å€ãšã
ãŠäœçšããïŒC.E.K.MeesèãThe Theory of
the Photographic Processã3rd Ed.p370ãåå
ã³L.F.A.MasonèãPhotograohic Processing
Chemistryãp43åç §ïŒããã®ããã¢ããååç©ã
å€éã«çšããäžèšç±³åœç¹èš±ã®çŸåæ¹æ³ã§ã¯åœæ¥ç
ã§éæ±ããšããå称ã§åŒã°ããåé¡ãçºçããã
ããéæ±ããšã¯ãäŸãã°èªåçŸåæ©ã§ããã²ã³å
éåçæå ææãçŸååŠçããã®ãã€ã«ã é¢ç©ã«
å¿ããŠè£å 液ãçŸåã¿ã³ã¯ã«è£çµŠããæ¹æ³ã«ãã
ãŠãäžèšçŸå液ãé·æé䜿çšããããšãã€ã«ã ã
ã溶åºããããã²ã³åéãèªåçŸåæ©ã®ã¿ã³ã¯ã®
å£ããã€ã«ã ãæ¬éããããã®ããŒã©ãŒã«éãšã
ãŠæåºä»çãããã®éãæ°ãã«çŸååŠçããããš
ãããã€ã«ã ã«è»¢åããããšããæ¬ é¥ãæå³ã
ãã éæ±ãã®æ¬ é¥ã解æ¶ããããã«ã¯é«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹
ãåã®äœçšãæããªããããã²ã³åéã®æº¶å€ãšã
ãŠäœçšããããšã®ãªãååç©ã䜿çšããªããã°ãª
ããªãããããã芳ç¹ã«ç §ãããŠã©ã®ãããªåå
ç©ãé©åœããšããç¹ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãåŸæ¥å šãç¥ãã
ãŠããªãã€ãã ïŒçºæã解決ããããšããåé¡ç¹ïŒ åŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœãçšã
ãé«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ããã¬ãã€ãç»å圢ææ¹æ³ã«ãã
ãŠéæ±ãã®å°ãªãåçãã€ã«ã ç»åãæäŸããã
ãšã«ããã ïŒåé¡ç¹ã解決ããããã®ææ®µïŒ æ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãé²å ãããå®è³ªçã«è¡šé¢æœå
åã®ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææãããã©ãžã³é¡ã®
ååšäžã«çŸåããŠé«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ããã¬ç»åã圢æ
ããæ¹æ³ã«ãããŠ10.5ã12.3ã®PHå€ãæããã€å°
ãªããšãäžèšã®(1)ã(3)ã®æåãå«ã氎溶æ§ã¢ã«ã«
ãªçŸå液ã§åŠçããããšã«ãã€ãŠéæãããã (1) ãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³ç³»çŸåäž»è¬ã (2) 0.3ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äžã®äºç¡«é žå¡©ä¿æå€ã (3) äžè¬åŒ(A)ã®ååç©ã äžè¬åŒ(A)
ãåŒã
åŒäžR1ã¯ïŒšâR1ã®ïœâãªã¯ã¿ããŒã«ïŒæ°Žåé
ä¿æ°ã®å¯Ÿæ°ïŒlogPïŒã®å€ã2.73ã5.0ã®ç¯å²ã«å ¥
ã眮æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šããã
R2ããã³R3ã¯ãã®ãã®ïŒšâR2ããã³ïŒšâR3ã®å
è¿°ã®logPã®å€ãâ5.0ã5.0ã®ç¯å²ã«å ¥ã眮æãã
ãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šããããã ãR2ã
ãã³R3ã®ãã¡å°ããšãäžæ¹ã¯ïŒšâR2ããã³ïŒšâ
R3ã®åè¿°ã®logPã®å€ãâ5.0ã0.0ã®ç¯å²ã«å ¥ã眮
æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ããããã·åºãæããã¢ã«ã
ã«åºãè¡šããã 以äžãæ¬çºæã«ã€ããŠè©³ãã説æããã æ¬çºæã®ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ã¯çŸåäž»è¬ãšããŠãžãã
ããã·ãã³ãŒã³ç³»çŸåäž»è¬ãçšãè£å©çŸåäž»è¬ãš
ããŠïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«ç³»çŸåäž»è¬åã¯ïŒâã
ã©ãŸãªãã³ç³»çŸåäž»è¬ãçšããã®ã奜ãŸãããã
å Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯è£å©çŸåäž»è¬ãçšããªããŠãã
ãã æ¬çºæã«çšãããžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³ç³»çŸåäž»
è¬ãšããŠã¯ãã€ããããã³ãã¯ãããã€ãããã
ã³ãããã¢ãã€ããããã³ãã€ãœãããã«ãã€ã
ãããã³ãã¡ãã«ãã€ããããã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯
ãããã€ããããã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãžããã¢ãã€ãã
ããã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ãã€ããããã³çãã
ããããªãã§ãç¹ã«ãã€ããããã³ã奜ãŸããã è£å©çŸåäž»è¬ãšããŠã®ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©
ãŸãªãã³åã¯ãã®èªå°äœã®äŸãšããŠã¯ïŒâããšã
ã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒâããšãã«âïŒïŒïŒâ
ãžã¡ãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒâããšãã«âïŒ
âã¡ãã«âïŒâããããã·ã¡ãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãª
ãã³ãïŒâããšãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ã¡ã
ã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ã
ã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒâïœâã¢ããããšãã«
âïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒâïœ
âããªã«âïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³
ãªã©ãããã ïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«ç³»è£å©çŸåäž»è¬ãšããŠã¯
âã¡ãã«âïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«ãïœâã¢ãã
ããšããŒã«ãâïŒÎ²âããããã·ãšãã«ïŒâïœâ
ã¢ããããšããŒã«ãâïŒïŒâããããã·ããšã
ã«ïŒã°ãªã·ã³ãïŒâã¡ãã«âïœâã¢ããããšããŒ
ã«ãïœâãã³ãžã«ã¢ããããšããŒã«çããããã
ãªãã§ãâã¡ãã«âïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«ã奜
ãŸããã ãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³ç³»çŸåäž»è¬ã¯éåžž0.05ã¢
ã«ïŒã0.8ã¢ã«ïŒã®éã§çšããããã®ã奜ãŸ
ããããŸããžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ãšïŒâããšã
ã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡åã¯ïœâã¢ããâããšã
ãŒã«é¡ãšã®çµåããçšããå Žåã«ã¯åè ã0.05ã¢
ã«ïŒã0.5ã¢ã«ïŒãåŸè ã0.06ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äž
ã®éã§çšããã®ã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã«çšããäºç¡«é žå¡©ä¿æå€ãšããŠã¯äºç¡«é ž
ãããªãŠã ãäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãäºç¡«é žãªããŠã ã
éäºç¡«é žãããªãŠã ãã¡ã¿éäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãã
ã«ã ã¢ã«ãããéäºç¡«é žãããªãŠã çããããäº
ç¡«é žå¡©ã¯0.3ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äžçšããããããäœãã«
å€éæ·»å ãããšçŸå液äžã§æ²æŸ±ããŠæ¶²æ±æãåŒã
èµ·ããã®ã§ãäžéã¯1.2ã¢ã«ïŒãšããã®ã奜ãŸ
ããã 次ã«ãäžè¬åŒ(A)ã«ã€ããŠè©³ãã説æããã R1ãR3ã§ç€ºããã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºã®çœ®æåºãš
ããŠã¯ãããããã·ã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºãã«ã«ã
ãã·åºãã¹ã«ãåºãã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·åºãªã©ãæã
ãããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒ(A)ã®ã¢ããååç©ã®ãã¡R1ãšããŠã¯äŸ
ãã°ïœâãããã«åºãïœâãããã«åºãïœâãã
ã«åºãïœâããã«åºãïœâãã³ãã«åºãïœâãã
ã·ã«åºãããšããã·ãšãã«åºãïœâãããã·ãšã
ã«åºãçããããããã äžè¬åŒ(A)ã®ã¢ããååç©ã®ãã¡R2ãŸãã¯R3ãš
ããŠã¯äŸãã°ã¡ãã«åºããšãã«åºãïœâãããã«
åºãïœâãããã«åºãïœâããã«åºãïœâãã³ã
ã«åºãïœâããã·ã«åºãïœâãããã«åºãïŒâã
ãããã·ãšãã«åºãïŒâããããã·ãããã«åºã
ïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãããã«åºãïŒâãããã
ã·ããã«åºãïŒâã«ã«ããã·âïŒâããããã·ã
ããã«åºãã¡ããã·ãšãã«åºãïŒâã¹ã«ãâïŒâ
ããããã·ãããã«åºãïŒâïŒïŒâããããã·ãš
ããã·ïŒãšãã«åºçããããããã äžè¬åŒ(A)ã®ã¢ããååç©ã®ãã¡R1ãšããŠå¥œãŸ
ãããã®ã¯ïŒšâR1ã®logPã®å€ã2.73ã3.5ã®ç¯å²
ã«å ¥ã眮æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã§ããã
R2ãŸãã¯R3ãšããŠå¥œãŸãããã®ã¯ãã®ãã®ïŒšâ
R2ãŸãã¯ïŒšâR3ã®logPã®å€ãâ2.0ã3.5ã®ç¯å²ã«
å ¥ã眮æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã§ããã
R2ããã³R3ã®ãã¡å°ãªããšãäžæ¹ã¯ïŒšâR2ãã
ã³ïŒšâR3ã®logPã®å€ãâ2.0ã0.0ã®ç¯å²ã«å ¥ã眮
æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ããããã·ã¢ã«ãã«åºã§ã
ãã ãªãåèšïœâãªã¯ã¿ããŒã«ïŒæ°Žåé ä¿æ°ã®å¯Ÿæ°
ïŒlogPïŒã®å€ã«ã€ããŠã¯ããã®èšç®æ¹æ³ããµãã¹
ãã€ããŠãŒãšã³ãã»ã³ã³ã¹ã¿ã³ãã»ããªãŒã»ã³ãª
ã¬ãŒã·ãšã³ã»ã¢ããªã·ã¹ã»ã€ã³ã»ã±ãã¹ããªãŒã¢
ã³ãã»ãã€ãªããžãŒïŒSubstituent Constants
For Correlation Analysis in Chemistry and
BiologyïŒãã³ãããã¯ã»ãªãã»ã±ãã«ã«ã»ãã
ããã€ã€ã»ãšã¹ãã€ã¡ãŒã·ãšã³ã»ã¡ãœãã
ïŒHandbook of Chemical Property Estimation
MethodsïŒã«èšèŒãããŠãããæ¬çºæã§èŠå®ããŠ
ãããlogPã®å€ãããã«ããæ±ãããã®ã§ããã 以äžã«ä»£è¡šçãªïŒšâR1ãšïŒšâR2ããã³ïŒšâR3
ã®logPã®å€ã瀺ãã
ä¿æ°ã®å¯Ÿæ°ïŒlogPïŒã®å€ã2.73ã5.0ã®ç¯å²ã«å ¥
ã眮æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šããã
R2ããã³R3ã¯ãã®ãã®ïŒšâR2ããã³ïŒšâR3ã®å
è¿°ã®logPã®å€ãâ5.0ã5.0ã®ç¯å²ã«å ¥ã眮æãã
ãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šããããã ãR2ã
ãã³R3ã®ãã¡å°ããšãäžæ¹ã¯ïŒšâR2ããã³ïŒšâ
R3ã®åè¿°ã®logPã®å€ãâ5.0ã0.0ã®ç¯å²ã«å ¥ã眮
æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ããããã·åºãæããã¢ã«ã
ã«åºãè¡šããã 以äžãæ¬çºæã«ã€ããŠè©³ãã説æããã æ¬çºæã®ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ã¯çŸåäž»è¬ãšããŠãžãã
ããã·ãã³ãŒã³ç³»çŸåäž»è¬ãçšãè£å©çŸåäž»è¬ãš
ããŠïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«ç³»çŸåäž»è¬åã¯ïŒâã
ã©ãŸãªãã³ç³»çŸåäž»è¬ãçšããã®ã奜ãŸãããã
å Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯è£å©çŸåäž»è¬ãçšããªããŠãã
ãã æ¬çºæã«çšãããžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³ç³»çŸåäž»
è¬ãšããŠã¯ãã€ããããã³ãã¯ãããã€ãããã
ã³ãããã¢ãã€ããããã³ãã€ãœãããã«ãã€ã
ãããã³ãã¡ãã«ãã€ããããã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯
ãããã€ããããã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãžããã¢ãã€ãã
ããã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ãã€ããããã³çãã
ããããªãã§ãç¹ã«ãã€ããããã³ã奜ãŸããã è£å©çŸåäž»è¬ãšããŠã®ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©
ãŸãªãã³åã¯ãã®èªå°äœã®äŸãšããŠã¯ïŒâããšã
ã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒâããšãã«âïŒïŒïŒâ
ãžã¡ãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒâããšãã«âïŒ
âã¡ãã«âïŒâããããã·ã¡ãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãª
ãã³ãïŒâããšãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ã¡ã
ã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ã
ã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒâïœâã¢ããããšãã«
âïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒâïœ
âããªã«âïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³
ãªã©ãããã ïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«ç³»è£å©çŸåäž»è¬ãšããŠã¯
âã¡ãã«âïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«ãïœâã¢ãã
ããšããŒã«ãâïŒÎ²âããããã·ãšãã«ïŒâïœâ
ã¢ããããšããŒã«ãâïŒïŒâããããã·ããšã
ã«ïŒã°ãªã·ã³ãïŒâã¡ãã«âïœâã¢ããããšããŒ
ã«ãïœâãã³ãžã«ã¢ããããšããŒã«çããããã
ãªãã§ãâã¡ãã«âïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«ã奜
ãŸããã ãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³ç³»çŸåäž»è¬ã¯éåžž0.05ã¢
ã«ïŒã0.8ã¢ã«ïŒã®éã§çšããããã®ã奜ãŸ
ããããŸããžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ãšïŒâããšã
ã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡åã¯ïœâã¢ããâããšã
ãŒã«é¡ãšã®çµåããçšããå Žåã«ã¯åè ã0.05ã¢
ã«ïŒã0.5ã¢ã«ïŒãåŸè ã0.06ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äž
ã®éã§çšããã®ã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã«çšããäºç¡«é žå¡©ä¿æå€ãšããŠã¯äºç¡«é ž
ãããªãŠã ãäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãäºç¡«é žãªããŠã ã
éäºç¡«é žãããªãŠã ãã¡ã¿éäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãã
ã«ã ã¢ã«ãããéäºç¡«é žãããªãŠã çããããäº
ç¡«é žå¡©ã¯0.3ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äžçšããããããäœãã«
å€éæ·»å ãããšçŸå液äžã§æ²æŸ±ããŠæ¶²æ±æãåŒã
èµ·ããã®ã§ãäžéã¯1.2ã¢ã«ïŒãšããã®ã奜ãŸ
ããã 次ã«ãäžè¬åŒ(A)ã«ã€ããŠè©³ãã説æããã R1ãR3ã§ç€ºããã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºã®çœ®æåºãš
ããŠã¯ãããããã·ã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºãã«ã«ã
ãã·åºãã¹ã«ãåºãã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·åºãªã©ãæã
ãããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒ(A)ã®ã¢ããååç©ã®ãã¡R1ãšããŠã¯äŸ
ãã°ïœâãããã«åºãïœâãããã«åºãïœâãã
ã«åºãïœâããã«åºãïœâãã³ãã«åºãïœâãã
ã·ã«åºãããšããã·ãšãã«åºãïœâãããã·ãšã
ã«åºãçããããããã äžè¬åŒ(A)ã®ã¢ããååç©ã®ãã¡R2ãŸãã¯R3ãš
ããŠã¯äŸãã°ã¡ãã«åºããšãã«åºãïœâãããã«
åºãïœâãããã«åºãïœâããã«åºãïœâãã³ã
ã«åºãïœâããã·ã«åºãïœâãããã«åºãïŒâã
ãããã·ãšãã«åºãïŒâããããã·ãããã«åºã
ïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãããã«åºãïŒâãããã
ã·ããã«åºãïŒâã«ã«ããã·âïŒâããããã·ã
ããã«åºãã¡ããã·ãšãã«åºãïŒâã¹ã«ãâïŒâ
ããããã·ãããã«åºãïŒâïŒïŒâããããã·ãš
ããã·ïŒãšãã«åºçããããããã äžè¬åŒ(A)ã®ã¢ããååç©ã®ãã¡R1ãšããŠå¥œãŸ
ãããã®ã¯ïŒšâR1ã®logPã®å€ã2.73ã3.5ã®ç¯å²
ã«å ¥ã眮æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã§ããã
R2ãŸãã¯R3ãšããŠå¥œãŸãããã®ã¯ãã®ãã®ïŒšâ
R2ãŸãã¯ïŒšâR3ã®logPã®å€ãâ2.0ã3.5ã®ç¯å²ã«
å ¥ã眮æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã§ããã
R2ããã³R3ã®ãã¡å°ãªããšãäžæ¹ã¯ïŒšâR2ãã
ã³ïŒšâR3ã®logPã®å€ãâ2.0ã0.0ã®ç¯å²ã«å ¥ã眮
æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ããããã·ã¢ã«ãã«åºã§ã
ãã ãªãåèšïœâãªã¯ã¿ããŒã«ïŒæ°Žåé ä¿æ°ã®å¯Ÿæ°
ïŒlogPïŒã®å€ã«ã€ããŠã¯ããã®èšç®æ¹æ³ããµãã¹
ãã€ããŠãŒãšã³ãã»ã³ã³ã¹ã¿ã³ãã»ããªãŒã»ã³ãª
ã¬ãŒã·ãšã³ã»ã¢ããªã·ã¹ã»ã€ã³ã»ã±ãã¹ããªãŒã¢
ã³ãã»ãã€ãªããžãŒïŒSubstituent Constants
For Correlation Analysis in Chemistry and
BiologyïŒãã³ãããã¯ã»ãªãã»ã±ãã«ã«ã»ãã
ããã€ã€ã»ãšã¹ãã€ã¡ãŒã·ãšã³ã»ã¡ãœãã
ïŒHandbook of Chemical Property Estimation
MethodsïŒã«èšèŒãããŠãããæ¬çºæã§èŠå®ããŠ
ãããlogPã®å€ãããã«ããæ±ãããã®ã§ããã 以äžã«ä»£è¡šçãªïŒšâR1ãšïŒšâR2ããã³ïŒšâR3
ã®logPã®å€ã瀺ãã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
以äžã«äžè¬åŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã¢ããååç©ã®å
·
äœäŸã瀺ãããæ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯ããã«éå®ãã
ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
äœäŸã瀺ãããæ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯ããã«éå®ãã
ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
ãè¡šã
ïŒ
(n)CïŒHïŒïŒ ïœ
OH
(n)CïŒHïŒïŒ ïœ
OH
ãè¡šã

NCHïŒCHCHïŒCOOH
ïŒ
(n)CïŒHïŒ
äžè¬åŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã¢ããååç©ã¯ãä»ã®ã¢
ããååç©ãšã¯ç°ãªããå°éã§é«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ãå
ãé¡èã«ä¿é²ããäžæ¹ãããã²ã³åéã®æº¶å€ãšã
ãŠã®äœçšã匱ãããã«éæ±ããåŒããããããšã
ãªããšããåªããæ§èœãæããŠããã äžè¬åŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã¢ããååç©ã¯å¥œãŸãã
ã¯çŸå液ïŒåœã0.01ã0.30ã¢ã«ïŒã®ç¯å²ã§äœ¿
çšãããããç¹ã«0.01ã0.2ã¢ã«ïŒã®ç¯å²ã§çš
ããããã®ã奜ãŸããã äžè¬åŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã¢ããååç©ã¯çŸå液
ïŒæ°ŽïŒã«å¯Ÿãã溶解床ãæ¯èŒçäœããä¿åãéæ¬
ã®äŸ¿å®ã®ããçŸå液ã䜿çšæãããæ¿çž®ããŠãã®
äœç©ãæžå°ãããããšãããšãäžè¬åŒ(A)ã®ã¢ãã
ååç©ãæåºã»æ²æŸ±ããããšãããããšãããäž
èšã®äžè¬åŒ(B)åã¯(C)ã§è¡šããããååç©ã䜵çšã
ããšã液ãæ¿çž®ããŠã圌æ§ãªæåºã»æ²æŸ±ã®çºçã
é²æ¢ã§ããã®ã§ãããçšããŠãããã äžè¬åŒ(B) R5âSO3M äžè¬åŒ(C) R6âCOOM ããã§ïŒã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååNaããNH4ã瀺ãã
R5ãR6ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒä»¥äžã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºåã¯ã¢ã«ã
ã«ãã³ãŒã³åºåã¯ãã³ãŒã³åºãããããã äžè¬åŒ(B)ã®ååç©ã®å ·äœäŸãšããŠã¯ïœâãã«ãš
ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ããã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã
ããªãŠã ãïŒâãããµã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ç
ãæãããããäžè¬åŒ(C)ã®ååç©ã®å ·äœäŸãšããŠ
ã¯å®æ¯éŠé žãããªãŠã ãïœâãã«ã€ã«é žãããªãŠ
ã ãã€ãœé ªé žã«ãªãŠã ãïœâã«ããã³é žãããªãŠ
ã ãïœâã«ããªã«é žãããªãŠã ãïœâã«ããªã³é ž
ãããªãŠã çãæããããã äžè¬åŒ(B)åã¯(C)ã§è¡šããããååç©ã®äœ¿çšéã¯
åèšäžè¬åŒ(A)ã®ã¢ããååç©ã®äœ¿çšéã«å¿ããŠå€
åãããéåžž0.005ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äžãç¹ã«0.03ã¢
ã«ïŒã0.1ã¢ã«ïŒãé©åœã§ããããŸãäžè¬åŒ
(A)ã®ã¢ããååç©ïŒã¢ã«ã«å¯ŸããŠ0.5ã20ã¢ã«ã®
ç¯å²ãé©åœã§ããã æ¬çºæã®çŸå液ã®PHå€ã¯10.5ã12.3ã®ç¯å²ã«èš
å®ããããPHå€ã®èšå®ã®ããã«çšããã¢ã«ã«ãªå€
ã«ã¯éåžžã®æ°Žæº¶æ§ç¡æ©ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±å¡©ïŒäŸãã°æ°Ž
é žåãããªãŠã ãçé žãããªãŠã ã第äžãªã³é žã«
ãªãŠã çïŒãçšããããšãã§ããããŸãåèšã®ã¢
ããååç©ãææã®PHã確ç«ããããã«äœ¿çšãã
ãã æ¬çºæã®çŸå液ã«ã¯ãã®ä»ãããŠé žãããŠç ã
第äžãªã³é žãããªãŠã ã第äžãªã³é žã«ãªãŠã ã®åŠ
ãPHç·©è¡å€ãã以å€ã«ç¹éæ60â93433ã«èšèŒã®
PHç·©è¡å€ãçšããããšãã§ããïŒèåã«ãªãŠã ã
æ²åã«ãªãŠã ã ã®åŠãçŸåæå¶å€ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã°ãª
ã³ãŒã«ããžãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°
ãªã³ãŒã«ããžã¡ãã«ãã«ã ã¢ãããã¡ãã«ã»ããœ
ã«ããããã·ã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ããšã¿ããŒã«ãã¡ã¿
ããŒã«ã®åŠãææ©æº¶å€ïŒïŒâãããã€ã³ããŸãŒã«
çã®ã€ã³ããŸãŒã«ç³»ååç©ãïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãã
ãªã¢ãŸãŒã«ãªã©ã®ãã³ãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«ç³»ååç©ç
ã®ã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãªããã¯é»ããïŒblackpepperïŒ
é²æ¢å€ïŒãå«ãã§ããããç¹ã«ïŒâãããã€ã³ã
ãŸãŒã«çã®ååç©ãçšãããšãã¯ãžããããã·ã
ã³ãŒã³ç³»çŸåäž»è¬ãäºç¡«é žå¡©ä¿æå€ãå«ãéšåãš
ã¯å¥ã®éšåã«ããããã溶解ããŠãã䜿çšæã«äž¡
éšåãæ··åããŠæ°Žãå ããããšçãäžè¬çã§ã
ããããã«ïŒâãããã€ã³ããŸãŒã«ã®æº¶è§£ããã
ãéšåãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§ã«ããŠãããšé»è²ãçè²ãå
æ±ãçã«äŸ¿å©ã§ããã æŽã«å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠè²èª¿å€ãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã硬氎è»
åå€ã硬èå€ãªã©ãå«ãã§ãããã å®ç液ãšããŠã¯äžè¬ã«çšããããŠããçµæã®ã
ã®ãçšããããšãã§ãããå®çå€ãšããŠã¯ããªç¡«
é žå¡©ãããªã·ã¢ã³é žå¡©ã®ã»ããå®çå€ãšããŠã®å¹
æãç¥ãããŠããææ©ç¡«é»ååç©ãçšããããšã
ã§ãããå®ç液ã«ã¯ç¡¬èå€ãšããŠæ°Žæº¶æ§ã¢ã«ãã
ãŠã å¡©ãäŸãã°ç¡«é žã¢ã«ãããŠã ãæãã³ãªã©ã
å«ãã§ãè¯ããããã§æ°Žæº¶æ§ã¢ã«ãããŠã å¡©ã®é
ãšããŠã¯éåžžïŒã3.0ïœAlïŒã§ããããŸãé žå
å€ãšããŠãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žFeïŒïŒé¯å¡©ã
çšããŠãããã åŠç枩床ã¯éåžž18âãã50âã®éã«éžã°ãã
ãã18âããäœã枩床ãŸãã¯50âãããã枩床ãš
ããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã¯ç¹ã«èªåçŸåæ©ãçšããè¿ éåŠ
çã«é©ããŠãããèªåçŸåæ©ãšããŠã¯ããŒã©äžæ¬
éã®ãã®ããã«ãæ¬éã®ãã®ãã®ä»ã®ãããã§ã
䜿çšã§ãããåŠçæéã¯çããŠãããããŒã¿ã«ã§
ïŒå以å ãç¹ã«100ç§ä»¥äžããã®ãªãã§çŸåã«å²
ãåœãŠãããæé15ã60ç§ãšããè¿ éçŸåã«å¯Ÿã
ãŠãå åå¹æãçºæ®ããã æ¬çºæã§çšããããã©ãžã³èªå°äœãšããŠã¯äžèš
äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§è¡šããããååç©ã奜ãŸããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ
NCHïŒCHCHïŒCOOH
ïŒ
(n)CïŒHïŒ
äžè¬åŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã¢ããååç©ã¯ãä»ã®ã¢
ããååç©ãšã¯ç°ãªããå°éã§é«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ãå
ãé¡èã«ä¿é²ããäžæ¹ãããã²ã³åéã®æº¶å€ãšã
ãŠã®äœçšã匱ãããã«éæ±ããåŒããããããšã
ãªããšããåªããæ§èœãæããŠããã äžè¬åŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã¢ããååç©ã¯å¥œãŸãã
ã¯çŸå液ïŒåœã0.01ã0.30ã¢ã«ïŒã®ç¯å²ã§äœ¿
çšãããããç¹ã«0.01ã0.2ã¢ã«ïŒã®ç¯å²ã§çš
ããããã®ã奜ãŸããã äžè¬åŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã¢ããååç©ã¯çŸå液
ïŒæ°ŽïŒã«å¯Ÿãã溶解床ãæ¯èŒçäœããä¿åãéæ¬
ã®äŸ¿å®ã®ããçŸå液ã䜿çšæãããæ¿çž®ããŠãã®
äœç©ãæžå°ãããããšãããšãäžè¬åŒ(A)ã®ã¢ãã
ååç©ãæåºã»æ²æŸ±ããããšãããããšãããäž
èšã®äžè¬åŒ(B)åã¯(C)ã§è¡šããããååç©ã䜵çšã
ããšã液ãæ¿çž®ããŠã圌æ§ãªæåºã»æ²æŸ±ã®çºçã
é²æ¢ã§ããã®ã§ãããçšããŠãããã äžè¬åŒ(B) R5âSO3M äžè¬åŒ(C) R6âCOOM ããã§ïŒã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååNaããNH4ã瀺ãã
R5ãR6ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒä»¥äžã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºåã¯ã¢ã«ã
ã«ãã³ãŒã³åºåã¯ãã³ãŒã³åºãããããã äžè¬åŒ(B)ã®ååç©ã®å ·äœäŸãšããŠã¯ïœâãã«ãš
ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ããã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã
ããªãŠã ãïŒâãããµã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ç
ãæãããããäžè¬åŒ(C)ã®ååç©ã®å ·äœäŸãšããŠ
ã¯å®æ¯éŠé žãããªãŠã ãïœâãã«ã€ã«é žãããªãŠ
ã ãã€ãœé ªé žã«ãªãŠã ãïœâã«ããã³é žãããªãŠ
ã ãïœâã«ããªã«é žãããªãŠã ãïœâã«ããªã³é ž
ãããªãŠã çãæããããã äžè¬åŒ(B)åã¯(C)ã§è¡šããããååç©ã®äœ¿çšéã¯
åèšäžè¬åŒ(A)ã®ã¢ããååç©ã®äœ¿çšéã«å¿ããŠå€
åãããéåžž0.005ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äžãç¹ã«0.03ã¢
ã«ïŒã0.1ã¢ã«ïŒãé©åœã§ããããŸãäžè¬åŒ
(A)ã®ã¢ããååç©ïŒã¢ã«ã«å¯ŸããŠ0.5ã20ã¢ã«ã®
ç¯å²ãé©åœã§ããã æ¬çºæã®çŸå液ã®PHå€ã¯10.5ã12.3ã®ç¯å²ã«èš
å®ããããPHå€ã®èšå®ã®ããã«çšããã¢ã«ã«ãªå€
ã«ã¯éåžžã®æ°Žæº¶æ§ç¡æ©ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±å¡©ïŒäŸãã°æ°Ž
é žåãããªãŠã ãçé žãããªãŠã ã第äžãªã³é žã«
ãªãŠã çïŒãçšããããšãã§ããããŸãåèšã®ã¢
ããååç©ãææã®PHã確ç«ããããã«äœ¿çšãã
ãã æ¬çºæã®çŸå液ã«ã¯ãã®ä»ãããŠé žãããŠç ã
第äžãªã³é žãããªãŠã ã第äžãªã³é žã«ãªãŠã ã®åŠ
ãPHç·©è¡å€ãã以å€ã«ç¹éæ60â93433ã«èšèŒã®
PHç·©è¡å€ãçšããããšãã§ããïŒèåã«ãªãŠã ã
æ²åã«ãªãŠã ã ã®åŠãçŸåæå¶å€ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã°ãª
ã³ãŒã«ããžãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°
ãªã³ãŒã«ããžã¡ãã«ãã«ã ã¢ãããã¡ãã«ã»ããœ
ã«ããããã·ã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ããšã¿ããŒã«ãã¡ã¿
ããŒã«ã®åŠãææ©æº¶å€ïŒïŒâãããã€ã³ããŸãŒã«
çã®ã€ã³ããŸãŒã«ç³»ååç©ãïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãã
ãªã¢ãŸãŒã«ãªã©ã®ãã³ãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«ç³»ååç©ç
ã®ã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãªããã¯é»ããïŒblackpepperïŒ
é²æ¢å€ïŒãå«ãã§ããããç¹ã«ïŒâãããã€ã³ã
ãŸãŒã«çã®ååç©ãçšãããšãã¯ãžããããã·ã
ã³ãŒã³ç³»çŸåäž»è¬ãäºç¡«é žå¡©ä¿æå€ãå«ãéšåãš
ã¯å¥ã®éšåã«ããããã溶解ããŠãã䜿çšæã«äž¡
éšåãæ··åããŠæ°Žãå ããããšçãäžè¬çã§ã
ããããã«ïŒâãããã€ã³ããŸãŒã«ã®æº¶è§£ããã
ãéšåãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§ã«ããŠãããšé»è²ãçè²ãå
æ±ãçã«äŸ¿å©ã§ããã æŽã«å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠè²èª¿å€ãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã硬氎è»
åå€ã硬èå€ãªã©ãå«ãã§ãããã å®ç液ãšããŠã¯äžè¬ã«çšããããŠããçµæã®ã
ã®ãçšããããšãã§ãããå®çå€ãšããŠã¯ããªç¡«
é žå¡©ãããªã·ã¢ã³é žå¡©ã®ã»ããå®çå€ãšããŠã®å¹
æãç¥ãããŠããææ©ç¡«é»ååç©ãçšããããšã
ã§ãããå®ç液ã«ã¯ç¡¬èå€ãšããŠæ°Žæº¶æ§ã¢ã«ãã
ãŠã å¡©ãäŸãã°ç¡«é žã¢ã«ãããŠã ãæãã³ãªã©ã
å«ãã§ãè¯ããããã§æ°Žæº¶æ§ã¢ã«ãããŠã å¡©ã®é
ãšããŠã¯éåžžïŒã3.0ïœAlïŒã§ããããŸãé žå
å€ãšããŠãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žFeïŒïŒé¯å¡©ã
çšããŠãããã åŠç枩床ã¯éåžž18âãã50âã®éã«éžã°ãã
ãã18âããäœã枩床ãŸãã¯50âãããã枩床ãš
ããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã¯ç¹ã«èªåçŸåæ©ãçšããè¿ éåŠ
çã«é©ããŠãããèªåçŸåæ©ãšããŠã¯ããŒã©äžæ¬
éã®ãã®ããã«ãæ¬éã®ãã®ãã®ä»ã®ãããã§ã
䜿çšã§ãããåŠçæéã¯çããŠãããããŒã¿ã«ã§
ïŒå以å ãç¹ã«100ç§ä»¥äžããã®ãªãã§çŸåã«å²
ãåœãŠãããæé15ã60ç§ãšããè¿ éçŸåã«å¯Ÿã
ãŠãå åå¹æãçºæ®ããã æ¬çºæã§çšããããã©ãžã³èªå°äœãšããŠã¯äžèš
äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§è¡šããããååç©ã奜ãŸããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ
ãåã
åŒäžãã¯èèªæåºããŸãã¯è³éŠæåºãè¡šã
ããã¯ãã«ãã«åºãã¢ã·ã«åºãã¢ã«ãã«ããã
ã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºãã¢ã«ãã«ãããã¯ã¢ãª
ãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã€ãã«åºãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ã
ã·ãããã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãã¹ã«ã
ã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã¹ã«ããã«åºãããªã¢ã·
ã«åºãããªã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºãåã¯ãããç°åºãè¡š
ãããR0ãR1ã¯ãšãã«æ°ŽçŽ ååãããã¯äžæ¹ã
æ°ŽçŽ ååã§ä»æ¹ã眮æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«
ã¹ã«ããã«åºãåã¯çœ®æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ãªãŒ
ã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºãåã¯çœ®æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã·
ã«åºãè¡šããã ãã ãããB1ããã³ããããçµåããçªçŽ
ååãããã©ãŸã³ã®éšåæ§é âïŒïŒ£ã圢æã
ãŠãããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã«ãããŠãã¯è¡šããããèèªæ
åºã¯å¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ã®ãã®ã§ãã€ãŠãç¹
ã«ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéãåå²ãŸãã¯çŸç¶ã®ã¢ã«ã
ã«åºã§ãããããã§åå²ã¢ã«ãã«åºã¯ãã®äžã«ïŒ
ã€ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®ãããååãå«ãã 飜åã®ã
ããç°ã圢æããããã«ç°åãããŠããŠãããã
ãŸããã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã¯ãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·
åºãã¹ã«ããã·åºãã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãã«ã«ãã³
ã¢ããåºçã®çœ®æåºãæããŠããŠãããã äŸãã°ïœâããã«åºãïœâãªã¯ãã«åºãïœâãª
ã¯ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãããã·ã«åºããããªãžã«åºãã€
ãããŸãªã«åºãããã©ãããããªã«åºãã¢ã«ããª
ãªãåºãªã©ããã®äŸãšããŠæããããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã«ãããŠïŒ¡ã§è¡šããããè³éŠæåº
ã¯åç°ãŸãã¯ïŒç°ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯äžé£œåãã
ãç°åºã§ãããããã§äžé£œåãããç°åºã¯åç°ãŸ
ãã¯ïŒç°ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãšçž®åããŠãããã¢ãªãŒã«
åºã圢æããŠãããã äŸãã°ãã³ãŒã³ç°ãããã¿ã¬ã³ç°ãããªãžã³
ç°ãããªããžã³ç°ãã€ãããŸãŒã«ç°ãããã©ãŸãŒ
ã«ç°ããããªã³ç°ãã€ãœãããªã³ç°ããã³ãºã€ã
ããŸãŒã«ç°ããã¢ãŸãŒã«ç°ããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãŒã«ç°
çããããªãã§ããã³ãŒã³ç°ãå«ããã®ã奜ãŸã
ãã ãšããŠç¹ã«å¥œãŸãããã®ã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«åºã§ã
ãã ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯äžé£œåãããç°åºã¯çœ®æ
åºãæã€ãŠããŠãããã代衚çãªçœ®æåºãšããŠ
ã¯ãçŽéãåå²ãŸãã¯ç°ç¶ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãïŒå¥œãŸ
ããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã©ã«ãã«åºïŒå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éšåã®ççŽ æ°ãïŒãïŒã®åç°ãŸ
ãã¯ïŒç°ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ç
çŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒã眮æã¢ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯
ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã§çœ®æãããã¢ãã
åºïŒãã¢ã·ã«ã¢ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30
ãæã€ãã®ïŒãã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ç
çŽ æ°ïŒã30ãæã€ãã®ïŒããŠã¬ã€ãåºïŒå¥œãŸãã
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ãæã€ãã®ïŒãªã©ãããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®ïŒ¡ã¯ãã®äžã«ã«ãã©ãŒçã®äžå
æ§åççšæ·»å å€ã«ãããŠåžžçšãããŠãããã©ã¹ã
åºãçµã¿èŸŒãŸããŠãããã®ã§ãããããã©ã¹ãåº
ã¯ïŒä»¥äžã®ççŽ æ°ãæããåçæ§ã«å¯ŸããŠæ¯èŒç
äžæŽ»æ§ãªåºã§ãããäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ã
ã·åºãããšãã«åºãã¢ã«ãã«ããšãã«åºãããšã
ãã·åºãã¢ã«ãã«ããšããã·åºãªã©ã®äžããéžã¶
ããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®ïŒ¡ã¯ãã®äžã«ããã²ã³åéç²å
è¡šé¢ã«å¯Ÿããåžçã匷ããåºãçµã¿èŸŒãŸããŠãã
ãã®ã§ãããããããåžçåºãšããŠã¯ãããªå°¿çŽ
åºãè€çŽ ç°åºããªã¢ããåºãã¡ã«ã«ããè€çŽ ç°
åºãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«åºãªã©ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4385108å·ã
å4459347å·ãç¹éæ59â195233å·ãå59â
200231å·ãå59â201045å·ãå59â201046å·ãå
59â201047å·ãå59â201048å·ãå59â201049
å·ãç¹é¡æ59â36788å·ãå60â11459å·ãå60â
19739å·çã«èšèŒãããåºãæããããã ã¯ãå ·äœçã«ã¯ãã«ãã«åºãã¢ã·ã«åºïŒã¢ã»
ãã«åºãããããªãã«åºãããªãã«ãªãã¢ã»ãã«
åºãã¯ããã¢ã»ãã«åºããã³ãŸã€ã«åºãïŒâã¯ã
ããã³ãŸã€ã«åºããããã€ã«åºãã¡ããã·ã«ã«ã
ãã«åºçïŒãã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«
ããã«åºãïŒâã¯ãããšã¿ã³ã¹ã«ããã«åºçïŒã
ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ããã«åº
çïŒãã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã€ãã«åºïŒã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã€
ãã«åºçïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã€ãã«åºïŒãã³ãŒã³
ã¹ã«ãã€ãã«åºçïŒãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒã¡ãã«ã«
ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºãããšãã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºçïŒãã¹
ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒãžã¡ãã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºçïŒã
ã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒã¡ããã·ã«ã«ããã«
åºãã¡ããã·ãšããã·ã«ã«ããã«åºçïŒãã¢ãªãŒ
ã«ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒããšããã·ã«ã«ããã«åº
çïŒãã¹ã«ãã€ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒã¡ãã«ã¹ã«ãã€ãã¢
ã€ã«åºçïŒãã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã¹ã«ããã«ïŒã¡ããã·ã¹
ã«ããã«åºããšããã·ã¹ã«ããã«åºçïŒãããªã¢
ã·ã«åºïŒã¡ãã«ããªã«ã«ããã«åºçïŒãããªã«ã«
ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒã¡ãã«ããªã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºçïŒåã¯
ãããç°åºïŒããªãžã³ç°çïŒãè¡šããã ãšããŠã¯ãã«ãã«åºåã¯ã¢ã·ã«åºãç¹ã«å¥œãŸ
ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®ïŒ¢ã¯R1åã³ããããçµåããŠ
ããçªçŽ ååãšãšãã«ããã©ãžã³ã®éšåæ§é
ããã¯ãã«ãã«åºãã¢ã·ã«åºãã¢ã«ãã«ããã
ã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºãã¢ã«ãã«ãããã¯ã¢ãª
ãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã€ãã«åºãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ã
ã·ãããã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãã¹ã«ã
ã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã¹ã«ããã«åºãããªã¢ã·
ã«åºãããªã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºãåã¯ãããç°åºãè¡š
ãããR0ãR1ã¯ãšãã«æ°ŽçŽ ååãããã¯äžæ¹ã
æ°ŽçŽ ååã§ä»æ¹ã眮æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«
ã¹ã«ããã«åºãåã¯çœ®æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ãªãŒ
ã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºãåã¯çœ®æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã·
ã«åºãè¡šããã ãã ãããB1ããã³ããããçµåããçªçŽ
ååãããã©ãŸã³ã®éšåæ§é âïŒïŒ£ã圢æã
ãŠãããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã«ãããŠãã¯è¡šããããèèªæ
åºã¯å¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ã®ãã®ã§ãã€ãŠãç¹
ã«ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéãåå²ãŸãã¯çŸç¶ã®ã¢ã«ã
ã«åºã§ãããããã§åå²ã¢ã«ãã«åºã¯ãã®äžã«ïŒ
ã€ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®ãããååãå«ãã 飜åã®ã
ããç°ã圢æããããã«ç°åãããŠããŠãããã
ãŸããã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã¯ãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·
åºãã¹ã«ããã·åºãã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãã«ã«ãã³
ã¢ããåºçã®çœ®æåºãæããŠããŠãããã äŸãã°ïœâããã«åºãïœâãªã¯ãã«åºãïœâãª
ã¯ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãããã·ã«åºããããªãžã«åºãã€
ãããŸãªã«åºãããã©ãããããªã«åºãã¢ã«ããª
ãªãåºãªã©ããã®äŸãšããŠæããããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã«ãããŠïŒ¡ã§è¡šããããè³éŠæåº
ã¯åç°ãŸãã¯ïŒç°ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯äžé£œåãã
ãç°åºã§ãããããã§äžé£œåãããç°åºã¯åç°ãŸ
ãã¯ïŒç°ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãšçž®åããŠãããã¢ãªãŒã«
åºã圢æããŠãããã äŸãã°ãã³ãŒã³ç°ãããã¿ã¬ã³ç°ãããªãžã³
ç°ãããªããžã³ç°ãã€ãããŸãŒã«ç°ãããã©ãŸãŒ
ã«ç°ããããªã³ç°ãã€ãœãããªã³ç°ããã³ãºã€ã
ããŸãŒã«ç°ããã¢ãŸãŒã«ç°ããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãŒã«ç°
çããããªãã§ããã³ãŒã³ç°ãå«ããã®ã奜ãŸã
ãã ãšããŠç¹ã«å¥œãŸãããã®ã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«åºã§ã
ãã ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯äžé£œåãããç°åºã¯çœ®æ
åºãæã€ãŠããŠãããã代衚çãªçœ®æåºãšããŠ
ã¯ãçŽéãåå²ãŸãã¯ç°ç¶ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãïŒå¥œãŸ
ããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã©ã«ãã«åºïŒå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éšåã®ççŽ æ°ãïŒãïŒã®åç°ãŸ
ãã¯ïŒç°ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ç
çŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒã眮æã¢ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯
ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã§çœ®æãããã¢ãã
åºïŒãã¢ã·ã«ã¢ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30
ãæã€ãã®ïŒãã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ç
çŽ æ°ïŒã30ãæã€ãã®ïŒããŠã¬ã€ãåºïŒå¥œãŸãã
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ãæã€ãã®ïŒãªã©ãããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®ïŒ¡ã¯ãã®äžã«ã«ãã©ãŒçã®äžå
æ§åççšæ·»å å€ã«ãããŠåžžçšãããŠãããã©ã¹ã
åºãçµã¿èŸŒãŸããŠãããã®ã§ãããããã©ã¹ãåº
ã¯ïŒä»¥äžã®ççŽ æ°ãæããåçæ§ã«å¯ŸããŠæ¯èŒç
äžæŽ»æ§ãªåºã§ãããäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ã
ã·åºãããšãã«åºãã¢ã«ãã«ããšãã«åºãããšã
ãã·åºãã¢ã«ãã«ããšããã·åºãªã©ã®äžããéžã¶
ããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®ïŒ¡ã¯ãã®äžã«ããã²ã³åéç²å
è¡šé¢ã«å¯Ÿããåžçã匷ããåºãçµã¿èŸŒãŸããŠãã
ãã®ã§ãããããããåžçåºãšããŠã¯ãããªå°¿çŽ
åºãè€çŽ ç°åºããªã¢ããåºãã¡ã«ã«ããè€çŽ ç°
åºãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«åºãªã©ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4385108å·ã
å4459347å·ãç¹éæ59â195233å·ãå59â
200231å·ãå59â201045å·ãå59â201046å·ãå
59â201047å·ãå59â201048å·ãå59â201049
å·ãç¹é¡æ59â36788å·ãå60â11459å·ãå60â
19739å·çã«èšèŒãããåºãæããããã ã¯ãå ·äœçã«ã¯ãã«ãã«åºãã¢ã·ã«åºïŒã¢ã»
ãã«åºãããããªãã«åºãããªãã«ãªãã¢ã»ãã«
åºãã¯ããã¢ã»ãã«åºããã³ãŸã€ã«åºãïŒâã¯ã
ããã³ãŸã€ã«åºããããã€ã«åºãã¡ããã·ã«ã«ã
ãã«åºçïŒãã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«
ããã«åºãïŒâã¯ãããšã¿ã³ã¹ã«ããã«åºçïŒã
ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ããã«åº
çïŒãã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã€ãã«åºïŒã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã€
ãã«åºçïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã€ãã«åºïŒãã³ãŒã³
ã¹ã«ãã€ãã«åºçïŒãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒã¡ãã«ã«
ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºãããšãã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºçïŒãã¹
ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒãžã¡ãã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºçïŒã
ã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒã¡ããã·ã«ã«ããã«
åºãã¡ããã·ãšããã·ã«ã«ããã«åºçïŒãã¢ãªãŒ
ã«ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒããšããã·ã«ã«ããã«åº
çïŒãã¹ã«ãã€ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒã¡ãã«ã¹ã«ãã€ãã¢
ã€ã«åºçïŒãã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã¹ã«ããã«ïŒã¡ããã·ã¹
ã«ããã«åºããšããã·ã¹ã«ããã«åºçïŒãããªã¢
ã·ã«åºïŒã¡ãã«ããªã«ã«ããã«åºçïŒãããªã«ã«
ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒã¡ãã«ããªã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºçïŒåã¯
ãããç°åºïŒããªãžã³ç°çïŒãè¡šããã ãšããŠã¯ãã«ãã«åºåã¯ã¢ã·ã«åºãç¹ã«å¥œãŸ
ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®ïŒ¢ã¯R1åã³ããããçµåããŠ
ããçªçŽ ååãšãšãã«ããã©ãžã³ã®éšåæ§é
ãåŒãã圢æããŠãããã
äžèšã«ãããŠR2ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºå
ã¯ãããç°åºãè¡šãããR3ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãã¢ã«ã
ã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯ãããç°åºãè¡šããã R0ãR1ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãççŽ æ°20以äžã®ã¢ã«ãã«
ã¹ã«ããã«åºããã³ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒå¥œãŸ
ããã¯ããšãã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºåã¯ãã¡ããã®çœ®æ
åºå®æ°ã®åãâ0.5以äžãšãªãããã«çœ®æããã
ããšãã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒãççŽ æ°20以äžã®ã¢ã·ã«
åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ãã³ãŸã€ã«åºãåã¯ãã¡ããã®çœ®
æåºå®æ°ã®åãâ0.5以äžãšãªãããã«çœ®æãã
ããã³ãŸã€ã«åºããããã¯çŽéåã¯åå²ç¶åã¯ç°
ç¶ã®ç¡çœ®æåã³çœ®æèèªæã¢ã·ã«åºïŒçœ®æåºãšã
ãŠã¯äŸãã°ããã²ã³ååããšãŒãã«åºãã¹ã«ãã³
ã¢ããåºãã«ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãæ°Žé žåºãã«ã«ãã
ã·åºãã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæãããããïŒïŒ R0ãR1ãšããŠã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãæã奜ãŸããã ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœã®å ·äœäŸã以äžã«ç€ºããäœã
æ¬çºæã¯ä»¥äžã®ååç©ã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãª
ãã
ã¯ãããç°åºãè¡šãããR3ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãã¢ã«ã
ã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯ãããç°åºãè¡šããã R0ãR1ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãççŽ æ°20以äžã®ã¢ã«ãã«
ã¹ã«ããã«åºããã³ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒå¥œãŸ
ããã¯ããšãã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºåã¯ãã¡ããã®çœ®æ
åºå®æ°ã®åãâ0.5以äžãšãªãããã«çœ®æããã
ããšãã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒãççŽ æ°20以äžã®ã¢ã·ã«
åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ãã³ãŸã€ã«åºãåã¯ãã¡ããã®çœ®
æåºå®æ°ã®åãâ0.5以äžãšãªãããã«çœ®æãã
ããã³ãŸã€ã«åºããããã¯çŽéåã¯åå²ç¶åã¯ç°
ç¶ã®ç¡çœ®æåã³çœ®æèèªæã¢ã·ã«åºïŒçœ®æåºãšã
ãŠã¯äŸãã°ããã²ã³ååããšãŒãã«åºãã¹ã«ãã³
ã¢ããåºãã«ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãæ°Žé žåºãã«ã«ãã
ã·åºãã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæãããããïŒïŒ R0ãR1ãšããŠã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãæã奜ãŸããã ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœã®å ·äœäŸã以äžã«ç€ºããäœã
æ¬çºæã¯ä»¥äžã®ååç©ã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãª
ãã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœãåçæå
ææäžã«å«æãã
ããšãã«ã¯ãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ã«å«æãããã®
ã奜ãŸããããã以å€ã®éæå æ§ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€
ãå±€ïŒäŸãã°ä¿è·å±€ãäžéå±€ããã€ã«ã¿ãŒå±€ãã
ã¬ãŒã·ãšã³é²æ¢å±€ãªã©ïŒã«å«æãããŠããããå ·
äœçã«ã¯äœ¿çšããååç©ã氎溶æ§ã®å Žåã«ã¯æ°Žæº¶
液ãšããŠããŸãé£æ°Žæº¶æ§ã®å Žåã«ã¯ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«
é¡ããšã¹ãã«é¡ãã±ãã³é¡ãªã©ã®æ°Žãšæ··åããã
ææ©æº¶åªã®æº¶æ¶²ãšããŠã芪氎æ§ã³ãã€ã溶液ã«æ·»
å ããã°ããããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ã«æ·»å ããå Žå
ã¯ååŠçæã®éå§ããå¡åžåãŸã§ã®ä»»æã®ææã«
è¡ã€ãŠããããååŠçæçµäºåŸããå¡åžåã®éã«
æ·»å ããã®ã奜ãŸãããç¹ã«å¡åžã®ããã«çšæã
ããå¡åžæ¶²äžã«æ·»å ããã®ãããã ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœã®å«æéã¯ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€
ã®ç²ååŸãããã²ã³çµæãååŠå¢æã®æ¹æ³ãšçš
床ã該ååç©ãå«æãããå±€ãšããã²ã³åéä¹³å€
å±€ã®é¢ä¿ãã«ãªãé²æ¢ååç©ã®çš®é¡ãªã©ã«å¿ããŠ
æé©ã®éãéžæããããšãæãŸããããã®éžæã®
ããã®è©Šéšã®æ¹æ³ã¯åœæ¥è ã®ããç¥ããšããã§ã
ããéåžžã¯å¥œãŸããã¯ããã²ã³åéïŒã¢ã«åœã
10-6ã¢ã«ãªããïŒÃ10-1ã¢ã«ãç¹ã«10-5ãªããïŒ
Ã10-2ã¢ã«ã®ç¯å²ã§çšããããã ãŸãããã©ãžã³èªå°äœã¯çŸå液äžã«æ··å ¥ããŠçš
ããããšãã§ããããã®å Žåã®æ·»å éãšããŠã¯çŸ
å液ïŒåœãïŒmgãïŒïœãç¹ã«10mgãïŒïœã奜é©
ã§ããã 次ã«æ¬çºæã®ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ãé©çšããããã²ã³
åéåçæå ææã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã®
ããã²ã³çµæã«ã¯ç¹å¥ãªå¶éã¯ãªããå¡©åéãå¡©
èåéãæ²èåéãèåéãæ²èå¡©åéçã®ã©ã®
çµæã§ãã€ãŠãããããæ²åéã®å«éã¯ïŒã¢ã«ïŒ
以äžãç¹ã«ïŒã¢ã«ïŒ 以äžã§ããããšã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€äžã®ããã²ã³åé
ç²åã¯ãæ¯èŒçåºãç²åãµã€ãºååžãæã€ããšã
ã§ããããçãç²åãµã€ãºååžãæã€ããšã奜ãŸ
ãããç¹ã«ããã²ã³åéç²åã®ééãŸãã¯æ°ã«é¢
ããŠå šäœã®90ïŒ ãå ããç²åã®ãµã€ãºãå¹³åç²å
ãµã€ãºã®Â±40ïŒ ä»¥å ã«ããããšã奜ãŸãããïŒäž
è¬ã«ãã®ãããªä¹³å€ã¯ååæ£ä¹³å€ãšåŒã°ããïŒã æ¬çºæã§ãã¡ããããã²ã³åéç²åã¯ã埮ç²å
ïŒäŸãã°0.7Ό以äžïŒã®æ¹ã奜ãŸãããç¹ã«0.4Ό以
äžã奜ãŸããã åçä¹³å€äžã®ããã²ã³åéç²åã¯ç«æ¹äœãå «é¢
äœã®ãããªèŠåçïŒregularïŒãªçµæ¶äœãæãã
ãã®ã§ãããããŸãçç¶ãæ¿ç¶ãªã©ã®ãããªå€å
çïŒirregularïŒãªçµæ¶ãæã€ãã®ããããã¯ã
ããã®çµæ¶åœ¢ã®è€å圢ããã€ãã®ã§ãã€ãŠãã
ãã ããã²ã³åéç²åã¯å éšãšè¡šå±€ãåäžãªçžãã
æã€ãŠããŠããç°ãªãçžãããªã€ãŠããŠãããã å¥ã ã«åœ¢æããïŒçš®ä»¥äžã®ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã
æ··åããŠäœ¿çšããŠãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã«ã¯ããã²ã³
åéç²åã®åœ¢æãŸãã¯ç©ççæã®éçšã«ãããŠã«
ãããŠã å¡©ãäºç¡«é žå¡©ãéå¡©ãã¿ãªãŠã å¡©ãã€ãª
ãžãŠã å¡©ãããã¯ãã®é¯å¡©ãããžãŠã å¡©ãããã¯
ãã®é¯å¡©ãªã©ãå ±åãããŠãããã ç¹ã«ããžãŠã å¡©åã¯ãã®é¯å¡©ã®äœ¿çšã¯è¿ éåŠç
é©æ§ãæŽã«é«ããå¹æãæ³°ããã®ã§å¥œãŸãããã
ãžãŠã å¡©ã¯ä»£è¡šçã«ã¯ãããžãŠã ã¯ãã©ã€ããã
ãžãŠã ããªã¯ãã©ã€ããããžãŠã ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ã¯
ãã©ã€ããªã©ãçšããããããããã«é¯å¡©ãçšã
ãããšãã§ãããããžãŠã å¡©ã®æ·»å æéã¯ä¹³å€è£œ
é æã®ç¬¬ïŒçæçµäºåã§ããã°ããããç¹ã«ç²å
圢æäžã«æ·»å ãããã®ãæãŸããããã®æ·»å éã¯
éïŒã¢ã«ãããïŒÃ10-8ã¢ã«ããïŒÃ10-5ã¢ã«ã®
ç¯å²ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã ãŸãäžå±€é«æ床ã§ã¬ã³ãã®é«ãåçç¹æ§ãåŸã
ã«ã¯éïŒã¢ã«åœã10-8ã10-5ã¢ã«ã®ã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©
è¥ããã¯ãã®é¯å¡©ãååšãããŠèª¿è£œããããã€ç²
åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçãç²åå¹³åã®æ²åéå«æç
ããã倧ããããæ²åéã奜ãŸããã äžèšã«ãããŠã¯ãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã®è£œé å·¥çš
ã®ç©ççæçµäºåãšãã«ç²å圢ææã«äžèšã®éã®
ã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ãå ããããšãæãŸããã ããã§çšããããã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ã¯æ°Žæº¶æ§ã®ã€ãª
ãžãŠã å¡©ãŸãã¯ã€ãªãžãŠã é¯å¡©ã§ãäŸãã°äžå¡©å
ã€ãªãžãŠã ãåå¡©åã€ãªãžãŠã ããããµã¯ããã€
ãªãžãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ããããµã¯ããã€ãªãž
ãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ããããµã¯ããã€ãªãžãŠã
ïŒïŒé žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãªã©ã§ããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯ãååŠå¢æãè¡ããªããã
ãããæªåŸçä¹³å€ïŒããªããã€ãä¹³å€ïŒãçšãã
ããšãã§ããããååŠå¢æãããŠããããååŠå¢
æã®ããã«ã¯ããªãŒã¶ãŒèããã€ã»ã°ã«ã³ãã©ãŒ
ã±ã³ã»ãã¢ã»ããªãã°ã©ãã€ãã·ãšã³ã»ããã»ã
ã»ã»ãããã»ãžã«ããŒããã²ããã³ããã¢ã«ãã
ãã·ãšã»ããšã«ã©ãŒã²ã¹ã²ãŒã«ã·ã€ããã1968
ïŒH.FrieserãDie Grundâlagen der
Photographischen Prozessemit Silver
halogenidenãAkademische
Verlagsgesselschaftã1968ïŒçã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã
çšããããšãã§ããã ããªãã¡ã掻æ§ãŒã©ãã³ãéãšåå¿ãããç¡«é»
ãå«ãååç©ïŒäŸãã°ããªç¡«é žå¡©ãããªå°¿çŽ é¡ã
ã¡ã«ã«ããååç©ãããŒããã³é¡ïŒãçšããç¡«é»
å¢ææ³ãéå æ§ç©è³ªïŒäŸãã°ç¬¬äžããå¡©ãã¢ãã³
é¡ãããã©ãžã³èªå°äœããã«ã ã¢ããžã³ã¹ã«ãã€
ã³é žãã·ã©ã³ååç©ïŒãçšããéå å¢ææ³ã貎é
å±ååç©ïŒäŸãã°éååç©ã®ä»ãçœéãã€ãªãžãŠ
ã ããã©ãžãŠã ãªã©ã®åšæåŸè¡šç¬¬æéå±ã®é¯
å¡©ïŒãçšãã貎éå±å¢ææ³ãªã©ãåç¬æãã¯çµã¿
åãããŠå®æœããããšãã§ããã åçä¹³å€ã®çµåå€ãŸãã¯ä¿è·ã³ãã€ããšããŠ
ã¯ããŒã©ãã³ãçšããã®ãæå©ã§ãããããã以
å€ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ããçšããããšãã§ãããããš
ãã°ãŒã©ãã³èªå°äœããŒã©ãã³ãšä»ã®é«ååãšã®
ã°ã©ããããªããŒãã¢ã«ããã³ãã«ãŒã€ã³çã®è
çœè³ªïŒããããã·ãšãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ã«ããã·
ã¡ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ç¡«é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ç
ã®åŠãã»ã«ããŒã¹èªå°äœãã¢ã«ã®ã³é žãœãŒãã柱
ç²èªå°äœãªã©ã®ç³èªå°äœãããªããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«ãããªããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«éšåã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãããª
ââããã«ãããªãã³ãããªã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãããª
ã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é žãããªã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ãããããªããã«
ã€ãããŸãŒã«ãããªããã«ãã©ãŸãŒã«çã®åäžã
ããã¯å ±éåäœã®åŠãå€çš®ã®åæ芪氎æ§é«ååç©
質ãçšããããšãã§ããã ãŒã©ãã³ãšããŠã¯ç³ç°åŠçãŒã©ãã³ã®ã»ããé ž
åŠçãŒã©ãã³ãçšããŠãããããŒã©ãã³å æ°Žå解
ç©ããŒã©ãã³é µçŽ å解ç©ãçšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®æå ææã«ã¯é žæ§ããªããŒãæ·»å ããŠ
ããããé žããªããŒã¯äžçŽã¢ãã³é¡ãæ°Žé žåã¢ã«
ã«ãªçã®å¡©åºæ§ç©è³ªã®å¡©ãšããŠæ·»å ããŠãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããé žæ§ããªããŒã¯ãpKaå€ã
ïŒä»¥äžã®é žæ§åºãå«ãååç©ã§ãã奜ãŸããã¯ã
ã«ã«ããã·ã«åºãã¹ã«ããã·ã«åºãåã¯ãšã³ãžãª
ãŒã«åºãæããããªããŒã§ãããç±³åœç¹èš±
3362819å·ã«é瀺ãããŠãããããªã¢ã¯ãªã«é žã
ã¡ã¿ã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãããã¯ãã¬ã€ã³é žã®éåäœãšã
ã®éšåãšã¹ãã«ãŸãã¯é žç¡æ°Žç©ïŒä»åœç¹èš±
2290699å·ã«é瀺ãããŠãããããªã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãš
ã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãšã¹ãã«ã®å ±éåäœïŒç±³åœç¹èš±
4139383å·ããªãµãŒãã»ãã€ã¹ã¯ããŒãžã€ãŒ
ïŒResearch DisclosureïŒNo.16 102ïŒ1977ïŒã«é瀺
ãããŠãããããªã©ããã¯ã¹åã®é žæ§ããªããŒã
æããããšãã§ããã ãã®ä»ãç±³åœç¹èš±4088493å·ãç¹éæ52â
153739å·ãå53â1023å·ãå53â4540å·ãå53â
4541å·ãå53â4542å·çã«é瀺ã®é žæ§ããªããŒã
æããããšãã§ããã é žããªããŒãšããŠå¥œãŸãããã®ã¯ãã¢ã¯ãªã«é ž
ãé žåºãšããŠãã€ãã®ã§ãããã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãšå ±é
åããã¢ãããŒæåãšããŠã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ã¯ãªã¬
ãŒããã¢ã«ãã«ã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã¬ãŒãã奜ãŸããã ç¹ã«ã奜ãŸããé žããªããŒã¯æ°Žåæ£ã©ããã¯ã¹
ã®åœ¢æ ã®ãã®ã§ããŒã©ãã³ãããªã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ã
ãããããã¯ããªããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãªã©ã®æ°Žæº¶æ§
ãã€ã³ããŒãšæ··åãããšããåéãæ²éã®åé¡ã
ãªã容æã«æ··åã§ãããé žæ§ããªããŒã®å¡©ã圢æ
ããããã®äžçŽã¢ãã³ã¯ãé žæ§ããªããŒã®é žæ§åº
ã®10ã100ã¢ã«ïŒ äžåããéãçšããã®ã奜ãŸã
ããç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã¯20ã80ã¢ã«ïŒ çšããã®ãè¯
ãã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠé žæ§ããªããŒã®äžçŽã¢ãã³å¡©ã
åçæå ææäžã«å«æããããšãã¯ãããã²ã³å
éä¹³å€ãããã¯ãã以å€ã®éæå æ§ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ã
ã€ãå±€ã«å«æãããŠãããã奜ãŸããæ·»å å±€ã¯ä¹³
å€å±€ã«é£æ¥ããéæå æ§èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ã局䞊ã³ã«
å®è³ªçã«æ°Žã«çãªããªããŒå±€ã§ããã æ¬çºæã®é žæ§ããªããŒã®äžçŽã¢ãã³å¡©ã®å¡åžé
ã¯ããªããŒäžã®é žæ§åã®æ¯çåŠçæ¡ä»¶ãå皮添å
è¬åã®éãªã©ã«å¿ããŠæé©éãéžæããããšãæ
ãŸããã10mgã10ïœïŒm2ãé©åœã§ãã奜ãŸããã¯
20mgãïŒïœïŒm2ã§ãããé žåºã®éã¯0.1ïœmolïŒ
m2ã100ïœmolïŒm2ãé©åœã§ããã奜ãŸããã¯0.5
ïœmolïŒm2ã50ïœmolïŒm2ã§ããã æ¬çºæã®é žæ§ããªããŒã®äžçŽã¢ãã³å¡©ãå«ãã
ãã²ã³åéæå ææã®èé¢PHã¯5.0ã6.8ã®ç¯å²ã«
ããã æ¬çºæã®æå ææã«ã¯ä»¥äžã«ç€ºãçŸåäž»è¬ãå«
æãããŠãããã äŸãã°ãã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é žé¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒ¬âã¢ã¹ã³
ã«ãã³é žïŒããžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ïŒäŸãã°ã
ã€ããããã³ïŒïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâ
ããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«
âïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ïŒãã¢ããã
ãšããŒã«é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒ®âã¡ãã«âïœâã¢ããããš
ããŒã«ïŒãªã©ãåç¬ãããã¯çµã¿åãããŠçšãã
ããšãã§ããã ãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ããã³ãã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³
é žé¡ã䜿çšããæã¯ãïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡ããã
ã¯ã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ãšã®çµã¿åããã«ãã䜿çš
ããããšã奜ãŸããã 奜ãŸããçµã¿åãããšããŠã¯äŸãã°ãã¢ã¹ã³ã«
ãã³é žé¡ãšïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡ãšã®çµã¿åããã
ã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é žé¡ãšã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ãšã®çµã¿
åããããžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ãšïŒâãã©ãŸãª
ãã³é¡ãšã®çµã¿åããããžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡
ãšã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ãšã®çµã¿åããçã§ããã æ¬çºæã«æŒãŠã¯ãïŒçš®ä»¥äžã®çŸåäž»è¬ã䜵çšã
ãå Žåã«ã¯ããã®äœ¿çšæ¯çã¯ãïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³
é¡åã¯ã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ïŒã¢ã«ã«å¯ŸããŠããžã
ãããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡åã¯ã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é žãïŒã50
ã¢ã«ãç¹ã«ãïŒã50ã¢ã«ãããã«ïŒã20ã¢ã«ã§ã
ãããšã奜ãŸããã ãŸããã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é žé¡ãšïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡
ãšã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ãšã®çµã¿åãããããã«ã
ïŒçš®ä»¥äžã®çµã¿åããã§ãããã ææäžã«æ·»å ãããçŸåäž»è¬ã®æ·»å éã¯ãïŒçš®
以äžçµã¿åãããŠçšããæã¯ãããã®åèšããé
ïŒã¢ã«ã«å¯Ÿã0.2ã0.001ã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯0.1ã¢ã«
ã0.005ã¢ã«ãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã¯ãã¡ãã³è²çŽ é¡
ãã®ä»ã«ãã€ãŠåå å¢æãããŠããããçšããã
ãè²çŽ ã«ã¯ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ã
è€åã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãè€åã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ããã
ããŒã©ãŒã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãããã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãã¹ã
ãªã«è²çŽ ããã³ãããªããœããŒã«è²çŽ ãå å«ãã
ããç¹ã«æçšãªè²çŽ ã¯ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãã¡ãã·ã¢
ãã³è²çŽ ãããã³è€åã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ã«å±ãã
è²çŽ ã§ããããããã®è²çŽ ã匷è²å¢æå¹æãåŸã
ããããçµåããŠäœ¿çšããŠãããã å¢æè²çŽ ãšãšãã«ãããèªèº«åå å¢æäœçšãã
ããªãè²çŽ ãããã¯å¯èŠå ãå®è³ªçã«åžåããªã
ç©è³ªã§ãã€ãŠã匷è²å¢æã瀺ãç©è³ªãä¹³å€äžã«å«
ãã§ããããäŸãã°ãå«çªçŽ ç°ç¯ç°åºã§çœ®æãã
ãã¢ããã¹ãã«ãã³ååç©ïŒããšãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±
2933390å·ãå3635721å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒãè³éŠæ
ææ©é žãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããçž®åç©ïŒããšãã°ç±³åœç¹
èš±3743510å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒãã«ãããŠã å¡©ãã¢ã¶
ã€ã³ãã³ååç©ãªã©ãå«ãã§ããããç±³åœç¹èš±
3615613å·ãå3615641å·ãå3617295å·ãå
3635721å·ã«èšèŒã®çµåãã¯ç¹ã«æçšã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã«ã¯ãæå ææã®
補é å·¥çšãä¿åäžãããã¯åçåŠçäžã®ã«ããªã
é²æ¢ãããããã¯åçæ§èœãå®å®åãããç®çã§
çš®ã ã®ååç©ãå«æãããããšãã§ãããããªã
ã¡ã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãäŸãã°ãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªãŠã å¡©ãã
ããã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãããããã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«
é¡ãã¯ãããã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãããã¢ãã³ãº
ã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«
ã«ãããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã³ãºã€
ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¢
ããããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã
ãããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ããããã©ãŸ
ãŒã«é¡ïŒç¹ã«ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ã«ã«ãããã
ã©ãŸãŒã«ïŒãªã©ïŒã¡ã«ã«ããããªããžã³é¡ïŒã¡ã«
ã«ããããªã¢ãžã³é¡ïŒããšãã°ãªããµããªã³ããª
ã³ã®ãããªããªã±ãååç©ïŒã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ãã
ãšãã°ããªã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ãããã©ã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³
é¡ïŒç¹ã«ïŒâããããã·çœ®æïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ3aïŒïŒïŒ
ããã©ã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ïŒããã³ã¿ã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡
ãªã©ïŒãã³ãŒã³ããªã¹ã«ããªã³é žããã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«
ãã€ã³é žããã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ããªã³é žã¢ããçã®ãã
ãªã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãŸãã¯å®å®å€ãšããŠç¥ãããå€ã
ã®ååç©ãå ããããšãã§ããã ãããã®äžã§ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã®ã¯ãã³ãŸããªã¢
ãŸãŒã«é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒ
ã«ïŒåã³ãããã€ã³ããŸãŒã«é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâãã
ãã€ã³ããŸãŒã«ïŒã§ããããŸãããããã®ååç©
ãåŠç液ã«å«æãããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®åçæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€å±€ãã®ä»
ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ç¡æ©ãŸãã¯ææ©ã®ç¡¬èå€ã
å«æããŠãããäŸãã°ã¯ãã å¡©ïŒã¯ãã ããšãŠã
ã³ãé ¢é žã¯ãã ãªã©ïŒãã¢ã«ãããé¡ïŒãã«ã ã¢
ã«ããããã°ãªãªããµãŒã«ãã°ã«ã¿ãŒã«ã¢ã«ãã
ããªã©ïŒãâã¡ãããŒã«ååç©ïŒãžã¡ãããŒã«
å°¿çŽ ãã¡ãããŒã«ãžã¡ãã«ããã³ãã€ã³ãªã©ïŒã
ãžãªããµã³èªå°äœïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãžãªã
ãµã³ãªã©ïŒã掻æ§ããã«ååç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâã
ãªã¢ã¯ãªãã€ã«âãããµãããâïœâããªã¢ãž
ã³ãïŒïŒïŒâããã«ã¹ã«ããã«âïŒâãããããŒ
ã«ãªã©ïŒã掻æ§ããã²ã³ååç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ã
ã«âïŒâããããã·âïœâããªã¢ãžã³ãªã©ïŒãã
ã³ããã²ã³é žé¡ïŒã ã³ã¯ãã«é žãã ã³ããšããã·
ã¯ãã«é žãªã©ïŒããªã©ãåç¬ãŸãã¯çµã¿åãããŠ
çšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã®åçä¹³å€å±€
ãŸãã¯ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ã¯å¡åžå©å€ã垯é»
é²æ¢ãã¹ããªæ§æ¹è¯ãä¹³ååæ£ãæ¥çé²æ¢åã³å
çç¹æ§æ¹è¯ïŒäŸãã°ãçŸåä¿é²ã硬調åãå¢æïŒ
ççš®ã ã®ç®çã§ãçš®ã ã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãå«ãã§ãã
ãã çšãããçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãResearch
Disclosure第176å·»Item17643XIé ã«èšèŒãããŠã
ããç¹ã«æ¬çºæã«ãããŠå¥œãŸããçšããããçé¢
掻æ§å€ã¯ç¹å ¬æ58â9412å·å ¬å ±ã«èšèŒãããåå
é600以äžã®ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãé¡ã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããåçæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€å±€
ãã®ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«å¯žåºŠå®å®æ§ã®æ¹è¯ãª
ã©ã®ç®çã§ãæ°Žäžæº¶åã¯é¢æº¶æ§åæããªããŒã®å
æ£ç©ãå«ãããšãã§ãããäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡
ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã°ãªã·ãžã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒ
ããïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ãããããã«ãšã¹ãã«
ïŒäŸãã°é ¢é žããã«ïŒãã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ããªã¬ã
ã€ã³ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãªã©ã®åç¬ãããã¯çµåããåã¯
ããããšã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é žãαïŒÎ²âäž
飜åãžã«ã«ãã³é žãããããã·ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã¹ã«ãã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬
ãŒããã¹ãã¬ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žçã®çµåããåéäœæ
åãšããããªããŒãçšããããšãã§ããã ïŒå®æœäŸïŒ 以äžã«å®æœäŸãæ²ããæ¬çºæãæŽã«è©³çŽ°ã«èª¬æ
ããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ 2.5ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®æ²åç©ãå«æããŠãã0.3ÎŒã®ç«æ¹
äœæ²èåéä¹³å€ã«ã¢ã³ãããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ãã
âïŒâãšãã«âïŒïŒ3â²âãã¹ïŒïŒâã¹ã«ãããã
ã«ïŒãªããµã«ã«ãã·ã¢ãã³ããããã·ãã»ãããª
ãŠã å¡©ïŒå¡©æè²çŽ ïŒã230mgïŒéïŒã¢ã«ãããã©
ãžã³èªå°äœïŒååç©âïŒïŒã1.3ïœïŒéïŒã¢ã«ã
ããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ïŒååéçŽ1000ïŒã300
mgïŒéïŒã¢ã«å ããæŽã«ïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãããªã¢
ãŸãŒã«ãïŒâããããã·âïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒïŒ
3aïŒïŒâããã©ã¶ã€ã³ãã³ãããªãšãã«ã¢ã¯ãª
ã¬ãŒãã®åæ£ç©ãïŒâããããã·âïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâ
ããªã¢ãžã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ãå ããã ãã®ããã«ããŠèª¿è£œããå¡åžæ¶²ãããªãšãã¬ã³
ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒããã€ã«ã æ¯æäœäžã«éå¡åžéã
4.0ïœïŒm2ããŒã©ãã³å¡åžéã2.5ïœïŒm2ã«ãªãã
ãã«å¡åžããŠãã€ã«ã ãåŸãã ãã®ãã€ã«ã ã«150ç·ããŒã³ã¿ã³ã³ã¿ã¯ãã¹ã¯
ãªãŒã³ãçšããŠã»ã³ã·ãã¡ããªãŒçšé²å ãŠãšããž
ãéããŠé²å ããåŸãäžèšçµæã®çŸå液ã§38â30
ç§éçŸåããå®çãæ°ŽæŽã也ç¥ããïŒãã®åŠçã«
ã¯å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿè£œãèªåçŸåæ©
FG660FãçšããïŒã çŸå液çµæïŒçŸå液ïŒåœãã®æ·»å éïŒ ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žåãããªãŠã âŠâŠ1.0ïœ æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã âŠâŠ9.0ïœ ç¬¬äžãªã³é žã«ãªãŠã âŠâŠ74.0ïœ äºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã âŠâŠ90.0ïœ ïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã« âŠâŠ0.5ïœ èåãããªãŠã âŠâŠ3.0ïœ ïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«1/2H2SO4 âŠâŠ1.0ïœ ãã€ããããã³ïŒPHã¯è¡šâïŒã«èšèŒïŒâŠâŠ35.0ïœ è¡šïŒã«æ¬çºæã®ã¢ããååç©ïŒ¡âïŒãâïŒã
âïŒãâïŒãšæ¯èŒååç©ãšããŠãç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬
4269929å·ã«èšèŒãããŠãã以äžã®ïŒ¢âïŒãâ
ïŒãâïŒãâïŒãâïŒãŸãã¯ïŒ¢âïŒã®ã¢ã
ãååç©ããã«ïŒ¢âïŒãâïŒãŸãã¯ïŒ¢âïŒã®ã¢
ããååç©ãçŸå液ã«è¡šïŒã®æ·»å éã§æ·»å ããå Ž
åã®æ°æ¶²ã®çŸå液ã§åŠçããæã®åçæ§èœãšã倧
å šãµã€ãºïŒ50.8cmÃ61.0cmïŒã®1/2ã®é¢ç©ãå šé¢
é²å ãããã€ã«ã ãïŒæåŠçããæ¯ã«åçŸå液ã
100mlã¥ã€è£å ãã€ã€æ¯æ¥200æã¥ã€ïŒæ¥ã«ããã€
ãŠã©ã³ãã³ã°åŠçããåŸã®åçæ§èœãšéæ±ãã®çš
床ã瀺ããã æ¯èŒååç©
ããšãã«ã¯ãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ã«å«æãããã®
ã奜ãŸããããã以å€ã®éæå æ§ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€
ãå±€ïŒäŸãã°ä¿è·å±€ãäžéå±€ããã€ã«ã¿ãŒå±€ãã
ã¬ãŒã·ãšã³é²æ¢å±€ãªã©ïŒã«å«æãããŠããããå ·
äœçã«ã¯äœ¿çšããååç©ã氎溶æ§ã®å Žåã«ã¯æ°Žæº¶
液ãšããŠããŸãé£æ°Žæº¶æ§ã®å Žåã«ã¯ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«
é¡ããšã¹ãã«é¡ãã±ãã³é¡ãªã©ã®æ°Žãšæ··åããã
ææ©æº¶åªã®æº¶æ¶²ãšããŠã芪氎æ§ã³ãã€ã溶液ã«æ·»
å ããã°ããããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ã«æ·»å ããå Žå
ã¯ååŠçæã®éå§ããå¡åžåãŸã§ã®ä»»æã®ææã«
è¡ã€ãŠããããååŠçæçµäºåŸããå¡åžåã®éã«
æ·»å ããã®ã奜ãŸãããç¹ã«å¡åžã®ããã«çšæã
ããå¡åžæ¶²äžã«æ·»å ããã®ãããã ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœã®å«æéã¯ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€
ã®ç²ååŸãããã²ã³çµæãååŠå¢æã®æ¹æ³ãšçš
床ã該ååç©ãå«æãããå±€ãšããã²ã³åéä¹³å€
å±€ã®é¢ä¿ãã«ãªãé²æ¢ååç©ã®çš®é¡ãªã©ã«å¿ããŠ
æé©ã®éãéžæããããšãæãŸããããã®éžæã®
ããã®è©Šéšã®æ¹æ³ã¯åœæ¥è ã®ããç¥ããšããã§ã
ããéåžžã¯å¥œãŸããã¯ããã²ã³åéïŒã¢ã«åœã
10-6ã¢ã«ãªããïŒÃ10-1ã¢ã«ãç¹ã«10-5ãªããïŒ
Ã10-2ã¢ã«ã®ç¯å²ã§çšããããã ãŸãããã©ãžã³èªå°äœã¯çŸå液äžã«æ··å ¥ããŠçš
ããããšãã§ããããã®å Žåã®æ·»å éãšããŠã¯çŸ
å液ïŒåœãïŒmgãïŒïœãç¹ã«10mgãïŒïœã奜é©
ã§ããã 次ã«æ¬çºæã®ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ãé©çšããããã²ã³
åéåçæå ææã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã®
ããã²ã³çµæã«ã¯ç¹å¥ãªå¶éã¯ãªããå¡©åéãå¡©
èåéãæ²èåéãèåéãæ²èå¡©åéçã®ã©ã®
çµæã§ãã€ãŠãããããæ²åéã®å«éã¯ïŒã¢ã«ïŒ
以äžãç¹ã«ïŒã¢ã«ïŒ 以äžã§ããããšã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€äžã®ããã²ã³åé
ç²åã¯ãæ¯èŒçåºãç²åãµã€ãºååžãæã€ããšã
ã§ããããçãç²åãµã€ãºååžãæã€ããšã奜ãŸ
ãããç¹ã«ããã²ã³åéç²åã®ééãŸãã¯æ°ã«é¢
ããŠå šäœã®90ïŒ ãå ããç²åã®ãµã€ãºãå¹³åç²å
ãµã€ãºã®Â±40ïŒ ä»¥å ã«ããããšã奜ãŸãããïŒäž
è¬ã«ãã®ãããªä¹³å€ã¯ååæ£ä¹³å€ãšåŒã°ããïŒã æ¬çºæã§ãã¡ããããã²ã³åéç²åã¯ã埮ç²å
ïŒäŸãã°0.7Ό以äžïŒã®æ¹ã奜ãŸãããç¹ã«0.4Ό以
äžã奜ãŸããã åçä¹³å€äžã®ããã²ã³åéç²åã¯ç«æ¹äœãå «é¢
äœã®ãããªèŠåçïŒregularïŒãªçµæ¶äœãæãã
ãã®ã§ãããããŸãçç¶ãæ¿ç¶ãªã©ã®ãããªå€å
çïŒirregularïŒãªçµæ¶ãæã€ãã®ããããã¯ã
ããã®çµæ¶åœ¢ã®è€å圢ããã€ãã®ã§ãã€ãŠãã
ãã ããã²ã³åéç²åã¯å éšãšè¡šå±€ãåäžãªçžãã
æã€ãŠããŠããç°ãªãçžãããªã€ãŠããŠãããã å¥ã ã«åœ¢æããïŒçš®ä»¥äžã®ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã
æ··åããŠäœ¿çšããŠãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã«ã¯ããã²ã³
åéç²åã®åœ¢æãŸãã¯ç©ççæã®éçšã«ãããŠã«
ãããŠã å¡©ãäºç¡«é žå¡©ãéå¡©ãã¿ãªãŠã å¡©ãã€ãª
ãžãŠã å¡©ãããã¯ãã®é¯å¡©ãããžãŠã å¡©ãããã¯
ãã®é¯å¡©ãªã©ãå ±åãããŠãããã ç¹ã«ããžãŠã å¡©åã¯ãã®é¯å¡©ã®äœ¿çšã¯è¿ éåŠç
é©æ§ãæŽã«é«ããå¹æãæ³°ããã®ã§å¥œãŸãããã
ãžãŠã å¡©ã¯ä»£è¡šçã«ã¯ãããžãŠã ã¯ãã©ã€ããã
ãžãŠã ããªã¯ãã©ã€ããããžãŠã ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ã¯
ãã©ã€ããªã©ãçšããããããããã«é¯å¡©ãçšã
ãããšãã§ãããããžãŠã å¡©ã®æ·»å æéã¯ä¹³å€è£œ
é æã®ç¬¬ïŒçæçµäºåã§ããã°ããããç¹ã«ç²å
圢æäžã«æ·»å ãããã®ãæãŸããããã®æ·»å éã¯
éïŒã¢ã«ãããïŒÃ10-8ã¢ã«ããïŒÃ10-5ã¢ã«ã®
ç¯å²ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã ãŸãäžå±€é«æ床ã§ã¬ã³ãã®é«ãåçç¹æ§ãåŸã
ã«ã¯éïŒã¢ã«åœã10-8ã10-5ã¢ã«ã®ã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©
è¥ããã¯ãã®é¯å¡©ãååšãããŠèª¿è£œããããã€ç²
åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçãç²åå¹³åã®æ²åéå«æç
ããã倧ããããæ²åéã奜ãŸããã äžèšã«ãããŠã¯ãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã®è£œé å·¥çš
ã®ç©ççæçµäºåãšãã«ç²å圢ææã«äžèšã®éã®
ã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ãå ããããšãæãŸããã ããã§çšããããã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ã¯æ°Žæº¶æ§ã®ã€ãª
ãžãŠã å¡©ãŸãã¯ã€ãªãžãŠã é¯å¡©ã§ãäŸãã°äžå¡©å
ã€ãªãžãŠã ãåå¡©åã€ãªãžãŠã ããããµã¯ããã€
ãªãžãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ããããµã¯ããã€ãªãž
ãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ããããµã¯ããã€ãªãžãŠã
ïŒïŒé žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãªã©ã§ããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯ãååŠå¢æãè¡ããªããã
ãããæªåŸçä¹³å€ïŒããªããã€ãä¹³å€ïŒãçšãã
ããšãã§ããããååŠå¢æãããŠããããååŠå¢
æã®ããã«ã¯ããªãŒã¶ãŒèããã€ã»ã°ã«ã³ãã©ãŒ
ã±ã³ã»ãã¢ã»ããªãã°ã©ãã€ãã·ãšã³ã»ããã»ã
ã»ã»ãããã»ãžã«ããŒããã²ããã³ããã¢ã«ãã
ãã·ãšã»ããšã«ã©ãŒã²ã¹ã²ãŒã«ã·ã€ããã1968
ïŒH.FrieserãDie Grundâlagen der
Photographischen Prozessemit Silver
halogenidenãAkademische
Verlagsgesselschaftã1968ïŒçã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã
çšããããšãã§ããã ããªãã¡ã掻æ§ãŒã©ãã³ãéãšåå¿ãããç¡«é»
ãå«ãååç©ïŒäŸãã°ããªç¡«é žå¡©ãããªå°¿çŽ é¡ã
ã¡ã«ã«ããååç©ãããŒããã³é¡ïŒãçšããç¡«é»
å¢ææ³ãéå æ§ç©è³ªïŒäŸãã°ç¬¬äžããå¡©ãã¢ãã³
é¡ãããã©ãžã³èªå°äœããã«ã ã¢ããžã³ã¹ã«ãã€
ã³é žãã·ã©ã³ååç©ïŒãçšããéå å¢ææ³ã貎é
å±ååç©ïŒäŸãã°éååç©ã®ä»ãçœéãã€ãªãžãŠ
ã ããã©ãžãŠã ãªã©ã®åšæåŸè¡šç¬¬æéå±ã®é¯
å¡©ïŒãçšãã貎éå±å¢ææ³ãªã©ãåç¬æãã¯çµã¿
åãããŠå®æœããããšãã§ããã åçä¹³å€ã®çµåå€ãŸãã¯ä¿è·ã³ãã€ããšããŠ
ã¯ããŒã©ãã³ãçšããã®ãæå©ã§ãããããã以
å€ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ããçšããããšãã§ãããããš
ãã°ãŒã©ãã³èªå°äœããŒã©ãã³ãšä»ã®é«ååãšã®
ã°ã©ããããªããŒãã¢ã«ããã³ãã«ãŒã€ã³çã®è
çœè³ªïŒããããã·ãšãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ã«ããã·
ã¡ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ç¡«é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ç
ã®åŠãã»ã«ããŒã¹èªå°äœãã¢ã«ã®ã³é žãœãŒãã柱
ç²èªå°äœãªã©ã®ç³èªå°äœãããªããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«ãããªããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«éšåã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãããª
ââããã«ãããªãã³ãããªã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãããª
ã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é žãããªã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ãããããªããã«
ã€ãããŸãŒã«ãããªããã«ãã©ãŸãŒã«çã®åäžã
ããã¯å ±éåäœã®åŠãå€çš®ã®åæ芪氎æ§é«ååç©
質ãçšããããšãã§ããã ãŒã©ãã³ãšããŠã¯ç³ç°åŠçãŒã©ãã³ã®ã»ããé ž
åŠçãŒã©ãã³ãçšããŠãããããŒã©ãã³å æ°Žå解
ç©ããŒã©ãã³é µçŽ å解ç©ãçšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®æå ææã«ã¯é žæ§ããªããŒãæ·»å ããŠ
ããããé žããªããŒã¯äžçŽã¢ãã³é¡ãæ°Žé žåã¢ã«
ã«ãªçã®å¡©åºæ§ç©è³ªã®å¡©ãšããŠæ·»å ããŠãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããé žæ§ããªããŒã¯ãpKaå€ã
ïŒä»¥äžã®é žæ§åºãå«ãååç©ã§ãã奜ãŸããã¯ã
ã«ã«ããã·ã«åºãã¹ã«ããã·ã«åºãåã¯ãšã³ãžãª
ãŒã«åºãæããããªããŒã§ãããç±³åœç¹èš±
3362819å·ã«é瀺ãããŠãããããªã¢ã¯ãªã«é žã
ã¡ã¿ã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãããã¯ãã¬ã€ã³é žã®éåäœãšã
ã®éšåãšã¹ãã«ãŸãã¯é žç¡æ°Žç©ïŒä»åœç¹èš±
2290699å·ã«é瀺ãããŠãããããªã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãš
ã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãšã¹ãã«ã®å ±éåäœïŒç±³åœç¹èš±
4139383å·ããªãµãŒãã»ãã€ã¹ã¯ããŒãžã€ãŒ
ïŒResearch DisclosureïŒNo.16 102ïŒ1977ïŒã«é瀺
ãããŠãããããªã©ããã¯ã¹åã®é žæ§ããªããŒã
æããããšãã§ããã ãã®ä»ãç±³åœç¹èš±4088493å·ãç¹éæ52â
153739å·ãå53â1023å·ãå53â4540å·ãå53â
4541å·ãå53â4542å·çã«é瀺ã®é žæ§ããªããŒã
æããããšãã§ããã é žããªããŒãšããŠå¥œãŸãããã®ã¯ãã¢ã¯ãªã«é ž
ãé žåºãšããŠãã€ãã®ã§ãããã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãšå ±é
åããã¢ãããŒæåãšããŠã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ã¯ãªã¬
ãŒããã¢ã«ãã«ã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã¬ãŒãã奜ãŸããã ç¹ã«ã奜ãŸããé žããªããŒã¯æ°Žåæ£ã©ããã¯ã¹
ã®åœ¢æ ã®ãã®ã§ããŒã©ãã³ãããªã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ã
ãããããã¯ããªããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãªã©ã®æ°Žæº¶æ§
ãã€ã³ããŒãšæ··åãããšããåéãæ²éã®åé¡ã
ãªã容æã«æ··åã§ãããé žæ§ããªããŒã®å¡©ã圢æ
ããããã®äžçŽã¢ãã³ã¯ãé žæ§ããªããŒã®é žæ§åº
ã®10ã100ã¢ã«ïŒ äžåããéãçšããã®ã奜ãŸã
ããç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã¯20ã80ã¢ã«ïŒ çšããã®ãè¯
ãã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠé žæ§ããªããŒã®äžçŽã¢ãã³å¡©ã
åçæå ææäžã«å«æããããšãã¯ãããã²ã³å
éä¹³å€ãããã¯ãã以å€ã®éæå æ§ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ã
ã€ãå±€ã«å«æãããŠãããã奜ãŸããæ·»å å±€ã¯ä¹³
å€å±€ã«é£æ¥ããéæå æ§èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ã局䞊ã³ã«
å®è³ªçã«æ°Žã«çãªããªããŒå±€ã§ããã æ¬çºæã®é žæ§ããªããŒã®äžçŽã¢ãã³å¡©ã®å¡åžé
ã¯ããªããŒäžã®é žæ§åã®æ¯çåŠçæ¡ä»¶ãå皮添å
è¬åã®éãªã©ã«å¿ããŠæé©éãéžæããããšãæ
ãŸããã10mgã10ïœïŒm2ãé©åœã§ãã奜ãŸããã¯
20mgãïŒïœïŒm2ã§ãããé žåºã®éã¯0.1ïœmolïŒ
m2ã100ïœmolïŒm2ãé©åœã§ããã奜ãŸããã¯0.5
ïœmolïŒm2ã50ïœmolïŒm2ã§ããã æ¬çºæã®é žæ§ããªããŒã®äžçŽã¢ãã³å¡©ãå«ãã
ãã²ã³åéæå ææã®èé¢PHã¯5.0ã6.8ã®ç¯å²ã«
ããã æ¬çºæã®æå ææã«ã¯ä»¥äžã«ç€ºãçŸåäž»è¬ãå«
æãããŠãããã äŸãã°ãã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é žé¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒ¬âã¢ã¹ã³
ã«ãã³é žïŒããžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ïŒäŸãã°ã
ã€ããããã³ïŒïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâ
ããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«
âïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ïŒãã¢ããã
ãšããŒã«é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒ®âã¡ãã«âïœâã¢ããããš
ããŒã«ïŒãªã©ãåç¬ãããã¯çµã¿åãããŠçšãã
ããšãã§ããã ãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ããã³ãã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³
é žé¡ã䜿çšããæã¯ãïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡ããã
ã¯ã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ãšã®çµã¿åããã«ãã䜿çš
ããããšã奜ãŸããã 奜ãŸããçµã¿åãããšããŠã¯äŸãã°ãã¢ã¹ã³ã«
ãã³é žé¡ãšïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡ãšã®çµã¿åããã
ã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é žé¡ãšã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ãšã®çµã¿
åããããžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ãšïŒâãã©ãŸãª
ãã³é¡ãšã®çµã¿åããããžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡
ãšã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ãšã®çµã¿åããçã§ããã æ¬çºæã«æŒãŠã¯ãïŒçš®ä»¥äžã®çŸåäž»è¬ã䜵çšã
ãå Žåã«ã¯ããã®äœ¿çšæ¯çã¯ãïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³
é¡åã¯ã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ïŒã¢ã«ã«å¯ŸããŠããžã
ãããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡åã¯ã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é žãïŒã50
ã¢ã«ãç¹ã«ãïŒã50ã¢ã«ãããã«ïŒã20ã¢ã«ã§ã
ãããšã奜ãŸããã ãŸããã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é žé¡ãšïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡
ãšã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ãšã®çµã¿åãããããã«ã
ïŒçš®ä»¥äžã®çµã¿åããã§ãããã ææäžã«æ·»å ãããçŸåäž»è¬ã®æ·»å éã¯ãïŒçš®
以äžçµã¿åãããŠçšããæã¯ãããã®åèšããé
ïŒã¢ã«ã«å¯Ÿã0.2ã0.001ã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯0.1ã¢ã«
ã0.005ã¢ã«ãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã¯ãã¡ãã³è²çŽ é¡
ãã®ä»ã«ãã€ãŠåå å¢æãããŠããããçšããã
ãè²çŽ ã«ã¯ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ã
è€åã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãè€åã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ããã
ããŒã©ãŒã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãããã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãã¹ã
ãªã«è²çŽ ããã³ãããªããœããŒã«è²çŽ ãå å«ãã
ããç¹ã«æçšãªè²çŽ ã¯ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãã¡ãã·ã¢
ãã³è²çŽ ãããã³è€åã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ã«å±ãã
è²çŽ ã§ããããããã®è²çŽ ã匷è²å¢æå¹æãåŸã
ããããçµåããŠäœ¿çšããŠãããã å¢æè²çŽ ãšãšãã«ãããèªèº«åå å¢æäœçšãã
ããªãè²çŽ ãããã¯å¯èŠå ãå®è³ªçã«åžåããªã
ç©è³ªã§ãã€ãŠã匷è²å¢æã瀺ãç©è³ªãä¹³å€äžã«å«
ãã§ããããäŸãã°ãå«çªçŽ ç°ç¯ç°åºã§çœ®æãã
ãã¢ããã¹ãã«ãã³ååç©ïŒããšãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±
2933390å·ãå3635721å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒãè³éŠæ
ææ©é žãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããçž®åç©ïŒããšãã°ç±³åœç¹
èš±3743510å·ã«èšèŒã®ãã®ïŒãã«ãããŠã å¡©ãã¢ã¶
ã€ã³ãã³ååç©ãªã©ãå«ãã§ããããç±³åœç¹èš±
3615613å·ãå3615641å·ãå3617295å·ãå
3635721å·ã«èšèŒã®çµåãã¯ç¹ã«æçšã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã«ã¯ãæå ææã®
補é å·¥çšãä¿åäžãããã¯åçåŠçäžã®ã«ããªã
é²æ¢ãããããã¯åçæ§èœãå®å®åãããç®çã§
çš®ã ã®ååç©ãå«æãããããšãã§ãããããªã
ã¡ã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãäŸãã°ãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªãŠã å¡©ãã
ããã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãããããã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«
é¡ãã¯ãããã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãããã¢ãã³ãº
ã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«
ã«ãããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã³ãºã€
ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¢
ããããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã
ãããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ããããã©ãŸ
ãŒã«é¡ïŒç¹ã«ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ã«ã«ãããã
ã©ãŸãŒã«ïŒãªã©ïŒã¡ã«ã«ããããªããžã³é¡ïŒã¡ã«
ã«ããããªã¢ãžã³é¡ïŒããšãã°ãªããµããªã³ããª
ã³ã®ãããªããªã±ãååç©ïŒã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ãã
ãšãã°ããªã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ãããã©ã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³
é¡ïŒç¹ã«ïŒâããããã·çœ®æïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ3aïŒïŒïŒ
ããã©ã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ïŒããã³ã¿ã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡
ãªã©ïŒãã³ãŒã³ããªã¹ã«ããªã³é žããã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«
ãã€ã³é žããã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ããªã³é žã¢ããçã®ãã
ãªã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãŸãã¯å®å®å€ãšããŠç¥ãããå€ã
ã®ååç©ãå ããããšãã§ããã ãããã®äžã§ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã®ã¯ãã³ãŸããªã¢
ãŸãŒã«é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒ
ã«ïŒåã³ãããã€ã³ããŸãŒã«é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâãã
ãã€ã³ããŸãŒã«ïŒã§ããããŸãããããã®ååç©
ãåŠç液ã«å«æãããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®åçæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€å±€ãã®ä»
ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ç¡æ©ãŸãã¯ææ©ã®ç¡¬èå€ã
å«æããŠãããäŸãã°ã¯ãã å¡©ïŒã¯ãã ããšãŠã
ã³ãé ¢é žã¯ãã ãªã©ïŒãã¢ã«ãããé¡ïŒãã«ã ã¢
ã«ããããã°ãªãªããµãŒã«ãã°ã«ã¿ãŒã«ã¢ã«ãã
ããªã©ïŒãâã¡ãããŒã«ååç©ïŒãžã¡ãããŒã«
å°¿çŽ ãã¡ãããŒã«ãžã¡ãã«ããã³ãã€ã³ãªã©ïŒã
ãžãªããµã³èªå°äœïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãžãªã
ãµã³ãªã©ïŒã掻æ§ããã«ååç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâã
ãªã¢ã¯ãªãã€ã«âãããµãããâïœâããªã¢ãž
ã³ãïŒïŒïŒâããã«ã¹ã«ããã«âïŒâãããããŒ
ã«ãªã©ïŒã掻æ§ããã²ã³ååç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ã
ã«âïŒâããããã·âïœâããªã¢ãžã³ãªã©ïŒãã
ã³ããã²ã³é žé¡ïŒã ã³ã¯ãã«é žãã ã³ããšããã·
ã¯ãã«é žãªã©ïŒããªã©ãåç¬ãŸãã¯çµã¿åãããŠ
çšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã®åçä¹³å€å±€
ãŸãã¯ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ã¯å¡åžå©å€ã垯é»
é²æ¢ãã¹ããªæ§æ¹è¯ãä¹³ååæ£ãæ¥çé²æ¢åã³å
çç¹æ§æ¹è¯ïŒäŸãã°ãçŸåä¿é²ã硬調åãå¢æïŒ
ççš®ã ã®ç®çã§ãçš®ã ã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãå«ãã§ãã
ãã çšãããçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãResearch
Disclosure第176å·»Item17643XIé ã«èšèŒãããŠã
ããç¹ã«æ¬çºæã«ãããŠå¥œãŸããçšããããçé¢
掻æ§å€ã¯ç¹å ¬æ58â9412å·å ¬å ±ã«èšèŒãããåå
é600以äžã®ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãé¡ã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããåçæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€å±€
ãã®ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«å¯žåºŠå®å®æ§ã®æ¹è¯ãª
ã©ã®ç®çã§ãæ°Žäžæº¶åã¯é¢æº¶æ§åæããªããŒã®å
æ£ç©ãå«ãããšãã§ãããäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡
ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã°ãªã·ãžã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒ
ããïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ãããããã«ãšã¹ãã«
ïŒäŸãã°é ¢é žããã«ïŒãã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ããªã¬ã
ã€ã³ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãªã©ã®åç¬ãããã¯çµåããåã¯
ããããšã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é žãαïŒÎ²âäž
飜åãžã«ã«ãã³é žãããããã·ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã¹ã«ãã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬
ãŒããã¹ãã¬ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žçã®çµåããåéäœæ
åãšããããªããŒãçšããããšãã§ããã ïŒå®æœäŸïŒ 以äžã«å®æœäŸãæ²ããæ¬çºæãæŽã«è©³çŽ°ã«èª¬æ
ããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ 2.5ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®æ²åç©ãå«æããŠãã0.3ÎŒã®ç«æ¹
äœæ²èåéä¹³å€ã«ã¢ã³ãããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ãã
âïŒâãšãã«âïŒïŒ3â²âãã¹ïŒïŒâã¹ã«ãããã
ã«ïŒãªããµã«ã«ãã·ã¢ãã³ããããã·ãã»ãããª
ãŠã å¡©ïŒå¡©æè²çŽ ïŒã230mgïŒéïŒã¢ã«ãããã©
ãžã³èªå°äœïŒååç©âïŒïŒã1.3ïœïŒéïŒã¢ã«ã
ããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ïŒååéçŽ1000ïŒã300
mgïŒéïŒã¢ã«å ããæŽã«ïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãããªã¢
ãŸãŒã«ãïŒâããããã·âïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒïŒ
3aïŒïŒâããã©ã¶ã€ã³ãã³ãããªãšãã«ã¢ã¯ãª
ã¬ãŒãã®åæ£ç©ãïŒâããããã·âïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâ
ããªã¢ãžã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ãå ããã ãã®ããã«ããŠèª¿è£œããå¡åžæ¶²ãããªãšãã¬ã³
ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒããã€ã«ã æ¯æäœäžã«éå¡åžéã
4.0ïœïŒm2ããŒã©ãã³å¡åžéã2.5ïœïŒm2ã«ãªãã
ãã«å¡åžããŠãã€ã«ã ãåŸãã ãã®ãã€ã«ã ã«150ç·ããŒã³ã¿ã³ã³ã¿ã¯ãã¹ã¯
ãªãŒã³ãçšããŠã»ã³ã·ãã¡ããªãŒçšé²å ãŠãšããž
ãéããŠé²å ããåŸãäžèšçµæã®çŸå液ã§38â30
ç§éçŸåããå®çãæ°ŽæŽã也ç¥ããïŒãã®åŠçã«
ã¯å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿè£œãèªåçŸåæ©
FG660FãçšããïŒã çŸå液çµæïŒçŸå液ïŒåœãã®æ·»å éïŒ ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žåãããªãŠã âŠâŠ1.0ïœ æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã âŠâŠ9.0ïœ ç¬¬äžãªã³é žã«ãªãŠã âŠâŠ74.0ïœ äºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã âŠâŠ90.0ïœ ïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã« âŠâŠ0.5ïœ èåãããªãŠã âŠâŠ3.0ïœ ïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«1/2H2SO4 âŠâŠ1.0ïœ ãã€ããããã³ïŒPHã¯è¡šâïŒã«èšèŒïŒâŠâŠ35.0ïœ è¡šïŒã«æ¬çºæã®ã¢ããååç©ïŒ¡âïŒãâïŒã
âïŒãâïŒãšæ¯èŒååç©ãšããŠãç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬
4269929å·ã«èšèŒãããŠãã以äžã®ïŒ¢âïŒãâ
ïŒãâïŒãâïŒãâïŒãŸãã¯ïŒ¢âïŒã®ã¢ã
ãååç©ããã«ïŒ¢âïŒãâïŒãŸãã¯ïŒ¢âïŒã®ã¢
ããååç©ãçŸå液ã«è¡šïŒã®æ·»å éã§æ·»å ããå Ž
åã®æ°æ¶²ã®çŸå液ã§åŠçããæã®åçæ§èœãšã倧
å šãµã€ãºïŒ50.8cmÃ61.0cmïŒã®1/2ã®é¢ç©ãå šé¢
é²å ãããã€ã«ã ãïŒæåŠçããæ¯ã«åçŸå液ã
100mlã¥ã€è£å ãã€ã€æ¯æ¥200æã¥ã€ïŒæ¥ã«ããã€
ãŠã©ã³ãã³ã°åŠçããåŸã®åçæ§èœãšéæ±ãã®çš
床ã瀺ããã æ¯èŒååç©
ãè¡šã

CHïŒCHïŒOH
CHïŒCHïŒOH
ãè¡šã
ãã ããå®éšçªå·ïŒã21ã®ããããã«ãããŠäœ¿
çšããæ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã®éã¯ãããšåæã«äœ¿çš
ããã¢ããååç©ãšãšãã«PHå€ã11.6ã«ãªããã
ã«èª¿æŽããããŸãå®éšçªå·ïŒã§ãçŸå液ã®PHå€ã
12.0ã«ãªãããã«æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã®éã調æŽã
ãã è¡šïŒã«ãããŠæ床ã¯ãã€ã«ã ãå®éšçªå·ïŒã®
çŸå液ã§åŠçãããšãã«æ¿åºŠ1.5ãåŸãã«èŠãã
é²å éã®éæ°ã100ãšããŠçžå¯Ÿçã«ç€ºããã ã¯ç¹æ§æ²ç·äžã®æ¿åºŠ0.3ãš3.0ãçŽç·ã§çµãã
tonΞãè¡šããããã®ã¯ã°ã©ãã€ãã¯ã»ã¢ãŒãã®
å°å·çšåç補çå·¥çšã«é©ããããã²ã³åéåçæ
å ææã®å Žåã«ã¯10以äžã®å€ã§ããããšãå®çšäž
奜ãŸããã 網ç¹å質ã¯èŠèŠçã«ïŒæ®µéã«è©äŸ¡ãããã®ã§ã
ãïŒããæãè¯ãããïŒããæãæªãå質ã瀺ãã
補ççšç¶²ç¹åæ¿ãšããŠã¯ç¶²ç¹å質ãïŒãããïŒãã
å®çšå¯èœã§ããïŒãã¯ç²æªã ãããããå®çšã§ãã
ãïŒãããïŒãã¯å®çšäžå¯èœãªå質ã§ããã éæ±ãã¯9.0cmÃ25.0cmã®ãã€ã«ã ã®äžã«å šã
éæ±ããçºçããŠããªãç¶æ ããïŒããšããã€ã«
ã äžé¢ã«éæ±ããçºçããŠããç¶æ ããïŒããšã
ãŠïŒæ®µéã«è©äŸ¡ããããïŒãã¯ãã€ã«ã äžã®æ¥µã
äžéšã«éæ±ããçºçããŠãããå®çšäžã¯èš±å®¹ãã
ãã¬ãã«ã§ãããããïŒã以äžã¯å®çšäžå¯èœã§ã
ãã
çšããæ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã®éã¯ãããšåæã«äœ¿çš
ããã¢ããååç©ãšãšãã«PHå€ã11.6ã«ãªããã
ã«èª¿æŽããããŸãå®éšçªå·ïŒã§ãçŸå液ã®PHå€ã
12.0ã«ãªãããã«æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã®éã調æŽã
ãã è¡šïŒã«ãããŠæ床ã¯ãã€ã«ã ãå®éšçªå·ïŒã®
çŸå液ã§åŠçãããšãã«æ¿åºŠ1.5ãåŸãã«èŠãã
é²å éã®éæ°ã100ãšããŠçžå¯Ÿçã«ç€ºããã ã¯ç¹æ§æ²ç·äžã®æ¿åºŠ0.3ãš3.0ãçŽç·ã§çµãã
tonΞãè¡šããããã®ã¯ã°ã©ãã€ãã¯ã»ã¢ãŒãã®
å°å·çšåç補çå·¥çšã«é©ããããã²ã³åéåçæ
å ææã®å Žåã«ã¯10以äžã®å€ã§ããããšãå®çšäž
奜ãŸããã 網ç¹å質ã¯èŠèŠçã«ïŒæ®µéã«è©äŸ¡ãããã®ã§ã
ãïŒããæãè¯ãããïŒããæãæªãå質ã瀺ãã
補ççšç¶²ç¹åæ¿ãšããŠã¯ç¶²ç¹å質ãïŒãããïŒãã
å®çšå¯èœã§ããïŒãã¯ç²æªã ãããããå®çšã§ãã
ãïŒãããïŒãã¯å®çšäžå¯èœãªå質ã§ããã éæ±ãã¯9.0cmÃ25.0cmã®ãã€ã«ã ã®äžã«å šã
éæ±ããçºçããŠããªãç¶æ ããïŒããšããã€ã«
ã äžé¢ã«éæ±ããçºçããŠããç¶æ ããïŒããšã
ãŠïŒæ®µéã«è©äŸ¡ããããïŒãã¯ãã€ã«ã äžã®æ¥µã
äžéšã«éæ±ããçºçããŠãããå®çšäžã¯èš±å®¹ãã
ãã¬ãã«ã§ãããããïŒã以äžã¯å®çšäžå¯èœã§ã
ãã
ãè¡šã
è¡šïŒã®çµæããæãããªããã«å®éšçªå·ïŒãïŒ
ã«ãããŠãæ¬çºæã®ã¢ããååç©ãçšããªãå Žå
PHã11.6ã«äžãããšæºè¶³ãªåçæ§èœãåŸãããªã
ãå®éšçªå·ïŒã®ãããªã¢ããååç©ãçšãããšã
æ床ãã網ç¹å質åã³éæ±ããPH11.6ã§ãè¯å
ããã äžæ¹ãã¢ããååç©ã®äžã§ãæ¬çºæã®å®éšçªå·
ïŒãïŒã12ã13ã«å¯Ÿããæ¯èŒãšããŠãããå®éšçª
å·ïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒã10ã11ã14ã15ã16ã
17ã18ã19ã20ã21ã¯æ¬çºæã®ã¢ããååç©ãšå
éã®æ·»å éã§ã¯ãéæ±ãã¯ã»ãŒæºè¶³ã§ããããæ
床ãã網ç¹å質ã«ãããŠäžååã§ããããã
ã«ãæ¯èŒååç©ã®æ·»å éãå¢ããšåçç¹æ§ã¯æ¹è¯
ããããéæ±ãã倧巟ã«æªåããå®çšäžäžååãš
ãªã€ãŠããŸãããã®ããšã¯åãã¢ããååç©ã§ã
åäžååäžã«é©åºŠãªçæ°Žæ§éšåãšé©åºŠãªèŠªæ°Žæ§éš
åãæã€æ¬çºæã®ååç©ããã¹ãŠã®åçæ§èœãæº
足ããããã®ã§ããããšã瀺ããŠããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ å®æœäŸïŒã«èšèŒã®åçãã€ã«ã ãå®æœäŸïŒã®
ãã®ãšåäžã®ææ³ã«åŸã€ãŠé²å ããåŸãäžèšçµæ
ã®çŸå液ã§38â30ç§éçŸåããå®çãæ°ŽæŽã也ç¥
ãããïŒãã®åŠçã«ã¯å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ
補ãèªåçŸåæ©FG660FãçšãããïŒ çŸå液çµæïŒçŸå液ïŒåœãã®æ·»å éïŒ ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žåãããªãŠã âŠâŠ1.0ïœ äºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã âŠâŠ90.0ïœ ïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã« âŠâŠ0.5ïœ èåãããªãŠã âŠâŠ3.0ïœ ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒâããããã·ã¡ã
ã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ âŠâŠ0.7ïœ ãã€ããããã³ âŠâŠ35.0ïœ è¡šïŒã«æ¬çºæã®ã¢ããååç©ïŒ¡âïŒãâïŒã
âïŒãâïŒããã³ïŒ¡â13ãšæ¯èŒååç©ãšããŠ
以äžã®ã¢ããååç©ïŒ¢â10ããã³ïŒ¢â11ãçŸå液
ã«è¡šïŒã®æ·»å éã§æ·»å ããå Žåã®åçæ§èœãå®æœ
äŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ç€ºããã æ¯èŒååç© ïŒïŒ¢â10ïŒ
ã«ãããŠãæ¬çºæã®ã¢ããååç©ãçšããªãå Žå
PHã11.6ã«äžãããšæºè¶³ãªåçæ§èœãåŸãããªã
ãå®éšçªå·ïŒã®ãããªã¢ããååç©ãçšãããšã
æ床ãã網ç¹å質åã³éæ±ããPH11.6ã§ãè¯å
ããã äžæ¹ãã¢ããååç©ã®äžã§ãæ¬çºæã®å®éšçªå·
ïŒãïŒã12ã13ã«å¯Ÿããæ¯èŒãšããŠãããå®éšçª
å·ïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒã10ã11ã14ã15ã16ã
17ã18ã19ã20ã21ã¯æ¬çºæã®ã¢ããååç©ãšå
éã®æ·»å éã§ã¯ãéæ±ãã¯ã»ãŒæºè¶³ã§ããããæ
床ãã網ç¹å質ã«ãããŠäžååã§ããããã
ã«ãæ¯èŒååç©ã®æ·»å éãå¢ããšåçç¹æ§ã¯æ¹è¯
ããããéæ±ãã倧巟ã«æªåããå®çšäžäžååãš
ãªã€ãŠããŸãããã®ããšã¯åãã¢ããååç©ã§ã
åäžååäžã«é©åºŠãªçæ°Žæ§éšåãšé©åºŠãªèŠªæ°Žæ§éš
åãæã€æ¬çºæã®ååç©ããã¹ãŠã®åçæ§èœãæº
足ããããã®ã§ããããšã瀺ããŠããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ å®æœäŸïŒã«èšèŒã®åçãã€ã«ã ãå®æœäŸïŒã®
ãã®ãšåäžã®ææ³ã«åŸã€ãŠé²å ããåŸãäžèšçµæ
ã®çŸå液ã§38â30ç§éçŸåããå®çãæ°ŽæŽã也ç¥
ãããïŒãã®åŠçã«ã¯å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ
補ãèªåçŸåæ©FG660FãçšãããïŒ çŸå液çµæïŒçŸå液ïŒåœãã®æ·»å éïŒ ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žåãããªãŠã âŠâŠ1.0ïœ äºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã âŠâŠ90.0ïœ ïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã« âŠâŠ0.5ïœ èåãããªãŠã âŠâŠ3.0ïœ ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒâããããã·ã¡ã
ã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ âŠâŠ0.7ïœ ãã€ããããã³ âŠâŠ35.0ïœ è¡šïŒã«æ¬çºæã®ã¢ããååç©ïŒ¡âïŒãâïŒã
âïŒãâïŒããã³ïŒ¡â13ãšæ¯èŒååç©ãšããŠ
以äžã®ã¢ããååç©ïŒ¢â10ããã³ïŒ¢â11ãçŸå液
ã«è¡šïŒã®æ·»å éã§æ·»å ããå Žåã®åçæ§èœãå®æœ
äŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ç€ºããã æ¯èŒååç© ïŒïŒ¢â10ïŒ
ãåã
ïŒïŒ¢â11ïŒ
ãåã
ãã ããå®éšçªå·22ã31ã®ããããã«ãããŠäœ¿
çšããæ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã®éã¯ãããšåæã«äœ¿çš
ããã¢ããååç©ãšãšãã«PHå€ã11.6ã«ãªããã
ã«èª¿æŽããã è¡šïŒã«ãããŠæ床ã¯ãã€ã«ã ãå®éšçªå·22ã®
çŸå液ã§åŠçãããšãã«æ¿åºŠ1.5ãåŸãã«èŠãã
é²å éã®éæ°ã100ãšãçžå¯Ÿçã«ç€ºããããŸãè¡š
ïŒã«ãããã網ç¹å質ãéæ±ãã®è©äŸ¡ã¯å®æœäŸ
ïŒãšåæ§ã«è¡ã€ãã
çšããæ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã®éã¯ãããšåæã«äœ¿çš
ããã¢ããååç©ãšãšãã«PHå€ã11.6ã«ãªããã
ã«èª¿æŽããã è¡šïŒã«ãããŠæ床ã¯ãã€ã«ã ãå®éšçªå·22ã®
çŸå液ã§åŠçãããšãã«æ¿åºŠ1.5ãåŸãã«èŠãã
é²å éã®éæ°ã100ãšãçžå¯Ÿçã«ç€ºããããŸãè¡š
ïŒã«ãããã網ç¹å質ãéæ±ãã®è©äŸ¡ã¯å®æœäŸ
ïŒãšåæ§ã«è¡ã€ãã
ãè¡šã
è¡šïŒããæãããªããã«å®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ãæ¬çº
æã®ã¢ããååç©ã¯å°éã®æ·»å ã§è¯å¥œãªæ床ã
ã網ç¹å質ã瀺ãããéæ±ããåé¡ãªããäžæ¹
æ¯èŒã®ã¢ããååç©ã¯æ·»å éãå¢ããªããšãè¯å¥œ
ãªæ床ãã網ç¹å質ã瀺ããªãããéæ±ããæª
åããå®çšäžå¥œãŸãããªãã ç¹ã«æ¬çºæã®å®éšçªå·27ãšãæ¯èŒãšããŠããã
å®éšçªå·28ã29ã30ã31ãæ¯ã¹ããšãåãã¢ãã
ååç©ã§ãåäžååäžã«é©åºŠãªçæ°Žæ§éšåãæã€
ãã®ã奜ãŸããããšã¯æããã§ããã ïŒçºæã®å¹æïŒ æ¬çºæè ãã¯éææ€èšã®çµæãäžè¬åŒ(A)ã§ç€ºã
ããåŠããååäžã«é©åºŠãªçæ°Žæ§çœ®æåºéšåãšé©
床ãªèŠªæ°Žæ§çœ®æåºéšåãæããã¢ããååç©ãçš
ããããšã«ããçŸå液ã®æŽ»æ§ãããé«ããããšã
ã§ããããäœãPHå€ã®çŸå液ã§ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœ
ã®å¢æã»ç¡¬èª¿åã®å¹æãçºçŸã§ããã°ããã§ãªã
éæ±ãã®æ¬ é¥ãã解æ¶ã§ããããšãèŠåºããã
æã®ã¢ããååç©ã¯å°éã®æ·»å ã§è¯å¥œãªæ床ã
ã網ç¹å質ã瀺ãããéæ±ããåé¡ãªããäžæ¹
æ¯èŒã®ã¢ããååç©ã¯æ·»å éãå¢ããªããšãè¯å¥œ
ãªæ床ãã網ç¹å質ã瀺ããªãããéæ±ããæª
åããå®çšäžå¥œãŸãããªãã ç¹ã«æ¬çºæã®å®éšçªå·27ãšãæ¯èŒãšããŠããã
å®éšçªå·28ã29ã30ã31ãæ¯ã¹ããšãåãã¢ãã
ååç©ã§ãåäžååäžã«é©åºŠãªçæ°Žæ§éšåãæã€
ãã®ã奜ãŸããããšã¯æããã§ããã ïŒçºæã®å¹æïŒ æ¬çºæè ãã¯éææ€èšã®çµæãäžè¬åŒ(A)ã§ç€ºã
ããåŠããååäžã«é©åºŠãªçæ°Žæ§çœ®æåºéšåãšé©
床ãªèŠªæ°Žæ§çœ®æåºéšåãæããã¢ããååç©ãçš
ããããšã«ããçŸå液ã®æŽ»æ§ãããé«ããããšã
ã§ããããäœãPHå€ã®çŸå液ã§ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœ
ã®å¢æã»ç¡¬èª¿åã®å¹æãçºçŸã§ããã°ããã§ãªã
éæ±ãã®æ¬ é¥ãã解æ¶ã§ããããšãèŠåºããã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ é²å ãããããã²ã³åéåçæå ææããã
ã©ãžã³é¡ã®ååšäžã«çŸåããŠé«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ããã¬
ãã€ãç»åã圢æããæ¹æ³ã«ãããŠã10.5ã12.3
ã®PHãæããã€å°ãªããšãäžèšã®(1)ã(3)ã®æåã
å«ã氎溶æ§ã¢ã«ã«ãªçŸå液ã§åŠçããããšãç¹åŸŽ
ãšããé«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ããã¬ãã€ãç»åã®åœ¢ææ¹
æ³ã (1) ãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³ç³»çŸåäž»è¬ã (3) 0.3ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äžã®äºç¡«é žå¡©ä¿æå€ã (4) äžèšäžè¬åŒ(A)ã®ååç© äžè¬åŒ(A) ãåŒã åŒäžãR1ã¯ïŒšâR1ã®ïœâãªã¯ã¿ããŒã«ïŒæ°Žå
é ä¿æ°ã®å¯Ÿæ°ïŒlogPïŒã®å€ã2.73ã4.48ã®ç¯å²ã«
å ¥ã眮æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šããã
R2ããã³R3ã¯ãã®ãã®ïŒšâR2ããã³ïŒšâR3ã®å
è¿°ã®logPã®å€ãâ5.0ã5.0ã®ç¯å²ã«å ¥ã眮æãã
ãã¯ç¡çœ®æã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šããããã ããR2ã
ãã³R3ã®ãã¡å°ãªããšãäžæ¹ã¯ïŒšâR2ããã³ïŒš
âR3ã®åè¿°ã®logPã®å€ãâ5.0ã5.0ã®ç¯å²ã«å ¥ã
眮æãããã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ããããã·åºãæããã¢ã«
ãã«åºãè¡šããã
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5598186A JPS62211647A (ja) | 1986-03-13 | 1986-03-13 | ãã¬ãã€ãç»åã®åœ¢ææ¹æ³ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5598186A JPS62211647A (ja) | 1986-03-13 | 1986-03-13 | ãã¬ãã€ãç»åã®åœ¢ææ¹æ³ |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62211647A JPS62211647A (ja) | 1987-09-17 |
| JPH0573215B2 true JPH0573215B2 (ja) | 1993-10-13 |
Family
ID=13014255
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5598186A Granted JPS62211647A (ja) | 1986-03-13 | 1986-03-13 | ãã¬ãã€ãç»åã®åœ¢ææ¹æ³ |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62211647A (ja) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4975354A (en) * | 1988-10-11 | 1990-12-04 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic element comprising an ethyleneoxy-substituted amino compound and process adapted to provide high constrast development |
| JPH0367250A (ja) * | 1989-05-17 | 1991-03-22 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ |
| US5278025A (en) * | 1989-05-17 | 1994-01-11 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method for forming images |
| GB9410425D0 (en) * | 1994-05-24 | 1994-07-13 | Ilford Ag | Novel bishydrazides |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56106244A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1981-08-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photgraphiccelement contrast developing method |
| JPS61230145A (ja) * | 1985-04-03 | 1986-10-14 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ |
| JPS61267759A (ja) * | 1985-05-22 | 1986-11-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ãã¬ãã£ãç»åã®åœ¢ææ¹æ³åã³çŸå液 |
-
1986
- 1986-03-13 JP JP5598186A patent/JPS62211647A/ja active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56106244A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1981-08-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photgraphiccelement contrast developing method |
| JPS61230145A (ja) * | 1985-04-03 | 1986-10-14 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ |
| JPS61267759A (ja) * | 1985-05-22 | 1986-11-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ãã¬ãã£ãç»åã®åœ¢ææ¹æ³åã³çŸå液 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62211647A (ja) | 1987-09-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4740452A (en) | Process for preparing negative images | |
| US4323643A (en) | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive materials | |
| JPH0462571B2 (ja) | ||
| JPH0571082B2 (ja) | ||
| JPH0469767B2 (ja) | ||
| JPH01121854A (ja) | é«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ããã¬ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ | |
| US4828968A (en) | Method of developing photographic light-sensitive materials | |
| JPH07119940B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
| US4755449A (en) | Silver halide photographic material and method for forming super high contrast negative images therewith | |
| EP0382200B1 (en) | Method for processing silver halide photographic materials | |
| US4833064A (en) | Process for the formation of a high contrast negative image | |
| JP3781200B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| JP3261641B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| JPH0573215B2 (ja) | ||
| JPH0652382B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææåã³ãããçšããç»å圢ææ¹æ³ | |
| US4789618A (en) | Silver halide photographic material and very high contrast negative image-forming process using same | |
| US5004670A (en) | High-contrast development process for silver halide photographic material | |
| USH1508H (en) | Image-forming process | |
| JP2515140B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
| JPH0812394B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéæå ææ | |
| JP2670852B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
| JPH01205160A (ja) | 硬調çŸåæ³ | |
| JPH0545763A (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
| JPH07119939B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
| JPH0772595A (ja) | ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ |