JPH0570226U - Harvesting unit structure of a harvester for root vegetables - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] Since the manual harvesting work of root vegetables is a heavy labor to pull out the root vegetables from the field in a bent posture, a mechanical harvester for root vegetables is realized and provided as much as possible. [Structure] A pull-out section 1 for pulling root vegetables from the ground by sandwiching leaves between a pair of rearward conveying belts 11a, and a pair of conveying belt rear portions 11b and a lower guide mechanism 12 for removing root vegetables from the pulling-out section 1. A rearward transporting device 2 is provided, and the rearward inclination of the guide mechanism 12 is made swingable around the fulcrum P, and the rearward spreading angle θ with the transporting belt 11 can be adjusted. After the upper surface of the main body of the root vegetable contacts the guide mechanism 12, the leaf holding force of the pair of transport belt rear portions 11b is set so that the root vegetable can move downward from the transport belt 11.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a technique for mechanizing a series of harvesting operations from the step of extracting root vegetables such as carrots and radish from the ground to the step of transporting them to the post-treatment step.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 Conventionally, the work of harvesting root vegetables has been performed manually by pulling out the root vegetables buried in the field one by one and then cutting off the leaves with a kitchen knife.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 Manual harvesting of root vegetables requires heavy labor to pull the root vegetables out of the field in a bent posture, so it has been desired to realize a mechanized harvester such as a combine harvester. It is a serious problem in large-scale fields. The present invention realizes and provides a root vegetable harvesting machine in which a series of steps from root vegetable extraction to leaf cutting is mechanized.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is provided with a pulling-out portion for sandwiching a root part of a root vegetable and pulling the root vegetable upward from the ground, a pair of left and right endless rotation bands, and a lower part thereof. It is composed of a pair of left and right guide mechanisms that guide and guide the lower part of the leaf between the pair of guide mechanisms, while the upper part of the leaf is pinched and moved by the drive of a pair of endless rotation bands, so that it can be pulled out. Each of them is provided with a transport device for transporting root vegetables sent from the rear part, and the vertical interval between the pair of endless swivel bands and the pair of guide mechanisms becomes wider toward the lower side in the transport direction. As described above, when the endless rotation band and the guide mechanism are arranged relative to each other, and the downward movement force of a predetermined amount or more acts on the transport root vegetables, the downward movement of the root vegetables from the endless rotation band is allowed. As shown in Fig. Set clamping force against leaf, furthermore, is characterized in that are adjustably configured spread angle of the rear spread posture endless rotary Dotai or guide mechanism as be able to swing vertically.

[0005]

[Action]

 The pull-out part functions to pull out the root vegetables in the ground and lift them upward by sandwiching the leaves protruding above the ground, and the transfer device uses a pair of guide mechanisms to move the transfer path below the leaves. In the formed state, it exerts a function of holding the upper portion of the leaf portion by a pair of rear endless rotation bands and giving a conveying action. In the transporting device, the vertical distance between the guide mechanism and the rear endless swivel band becomes wider toward the lower side in the transport direction, and the downward movement of root vegetables is allowed in the pair of rear endless swivel bands. Therefore, the guide mechanism approaches the root of the leaf portion as it is conveyed backward, and finally comes into a contact conveyance state in which it is conveyed in contact with the upper surface of the root vegetable body. The leaf part moves up and down relative to each other, and the contact conveyance state is maintained. As a result, at the end of this transfer device, all root vegetables will be unified into a contact transfer state, so that the root vegetables can be delivered to the post-treatment process such as a cutter device that cuts the leaves at a fixed posture and position. Become. Since the back spread angle between the guide mechanism and the rear endless swivel belt can be adjusted, the guide mechanism and the rear endless swivel belt can be adjusted to adjust the handling length of the leaves according to the variety and growing condition of the root vegetables. You will be able to set the interval.

[0006]

[Effect of the device]

 Therefore, it was possible to mechanize a series of processes from the extraction of root vegetables from the ground to the front of post-treatment such as a cutter device, and the root vegetables to be passed to the post-treatment could be fixed regardless of their variety or growth.・ By aligning the positions, the mechanization process was smooth and stable, and the labor was reduced while contributing to the improvement of harvest efficiency.

[0007]

【Example】

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 shows the whole side view of a root vegetable harvester according to the present invention, and Fig. 7 shows a plan view of the front part thereof. 1 is a pulling part, 2 is a conveying device, 3 is a leaf cutting device, and 4 is a harvesting device. Reference numeral 5 is a crawler traveling device, and reference numeral 6 is a control section. The pull-out section 1 is provided with a pair of left and right weeding tools 7, 7 at the tip, and is equipped with a conveyor-type nipping conveyor device 9 that extends immediately after the weeding tool 7 and the leaf cutting device 3 site. There is. The sandwiching conveyor device 9 is composed of a pair of left and right conveyor belts 11 and 11 that are driven while facing each other in a rearwardly inclined posture. The transport device 2 is composed of the above-mentioned pair of left and right transport belts 11 and 11 and a pair of left and right guide mechanisms 12 and 12 arranged below the transport belts 11, and the lower part of the root and vegetable leaf portion is provided between the pair of guide mechanisms 12 and 12. While guiding and guiding with, the upper part of the leaf is pinched and transferred by driving a pair of conveyor belts 11, 11 to have a function of conveying the root vegetables sent from the pulling section backward.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the guide mechanism 12 is composed of a chain 15 in which each chain link 13 is equipped with a roller 14 which is rotatable around the horizontal axis Y 1. The roller 14 is attached to the chain 13 in a state where a spring 16 can generate an outward urging force. Therefore, the root portion of the root vegetables is nipped by the left and right rollers 14 and 14 which face each other, and is transferred backward. It receives a force, and its transfer speed is almost the same as the speed by the conveyor belt 11. Further, the vertical distance between the conveyor belt 11 and the guide mechanism 12 is initially set to be a very gentle rearward inclination angle of the guide mechanism 12 so that the conveyor belt 11 and the guide mechanism 12 have a rearwardly widened posture that becomes wider toward the lower side in the conveying direction. . Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the guide mechanism 12 is configured such that it can freely swing and ascend / descend and maintain fixed around a fulcrum P that is provided on the front portion thereof in the left-right direction. By adjusting the angle θ, different leaf lengths can be accommodated depending on various varieties (for example, carrot and radish) and differences in growth conditions.

More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a volume type neck alignment sensor 22 that operates by contacting the upper surface of the root vegetable body is provided at a position slightly rearward of the guide mechanism 12, and the guide mechanism is also provided. An automatic neck justification control device A is configured by providing an actuator (a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder by a motor, or the like) 23 for driving and rocking 12 and a control device 24. The neck alignment sensor 22 biases the contact 22a, which is swingable, to the lowermost position in the predetermined swing range a, and swings above the predetermined swing range a. The circuit is set so that it is considered to be abnormal when the contactor 22a does not operate for a certain period of time. The operation of the automatic neck alignment control device A will be described. When the contact 22a comes into contact with the upper surface of the main body of the transport root vegetable and swings within the predetermined swing range a, the spread angle θ of the guide mechanism 12 is appropriate. Therefore, the actuator 23 does not operate and the current angle is maintained. When the contact 22a is swung upwards beyond the predetermined swing range a, it is determined that the guide mechanism 12 is too low, and the actuator 23 is driven so that the spread angle θ becomes narrower. When it does not move for a certain time or longer, it is determined that the guide mechanism 12 has moved up too much, and the actuator 23 is controlled so as to drive the spread angle θ wider. Reference numeral 26 denotes an automatic control on / off switch, and by turning the switch off, an artificial rocking / lowering operation can be performed by an operating lever 27. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a pair of guide members 21 and 21 are provided in the facing portion of the lower end side sprocket 25 of the guide mechanism 12, and the width of the root vegetable inlet is widened.

As shown in FIG. 6, the left and right conveyor belts 11 and 11 are provided with a large number of rolling wheels 17 for pressing them in the mutually existing directions to generate a leaf-holding force. In the front portion 11a of the conveyor belt from the front end portion to the portion corresponding to the front end of the guide mechanism 12, the strong force of the biasing spring 8 of the roller wheel 17 is applied so that a strong clamping force acts so as to reliably pull out the root vegetables in the ground. The gripping force of the leaf portion is set to be weaker in the rear portion 11b of the conveyor belt on the rear side by using a spring 10 thinner than the spring 8 in the front portion 11a of the conveyor belt. At the rear position of the guide mechanism 12, there is provided a leaf cutting device 3 which is provided with a rotary cutter 18 for cutting off the leaves of the root vegetables in a state where the vertical position can be adjusted freely. In order to correct the hanging posture of the root vegetables to the state suitable for the cutting operation by the leaf cutting device 3 between the leaf cutting device 3 and the leaf portion of the root vegetables sent from the guide mechanism 12 to be picked up again. A posture correction transport mechanism 19 for transporting to the cutting device 3 is interposed. The posture correction transport mechanism 19 is composed of a pair of left and right transport belts 20 and 20, and this and the leaf-cutting device 3 are supported by a guide mechanism 12 and integrally swing-adjusted.

The main operation of the harvesting work will be described. By grasping the leaf portion with a strong grasping force by the conveyor belt front part 11a and lifting it backward and upward, the root vegetables in the ground are pulled out, and then the conveyor belt is conveyed. The root vegetables are transported rearward and upward by the conveying force of the belt rear portion 11b and the guide mechanism 12, but the upper surface of the root vegetable body gradually approaches the roller 14 due to the rearward spread angle θ, and the roller 14 at the rear portion of the guide mechanism 12 is moved. The upper surface of the root vegetable body is in contact with the contact transfer state. After that, since the rearward conveying force is transmitted to the root vegetables due to the weak clamping force of the rear portion 11b of the conveyor belt, the leaves are allowed to slip through downward, so that the root vegetables are always kept at the end of the conveyor belt 11. The contact conveyance state is set, and the posture and position of the leaf cutting device 3 to be held next are maintained at a constant posture and position.

In the present embodiment, the pair of conveyor belt front portions 11a correspond to the front endless rotation belt, and the conveyor belt rear portion 11b corresponds to the rear endless rotation belt. It may consist of a belt or a transport chain. As the guide mechanism 12, in addition to the above-described roller-attached chain 15, a simple pair of guide rods is used, or a pair of guide members having a large number of rollers rotatable on the lower surface about the left and right axial centers, and these. It is also conceivable that the leaf portion is pushed at a position directly above the guide member and is constituted by an abutment type drive transfer member provided so as to generate a transfer force at the same speed as the transfer belt 12. Further, a pair of conveyor belts 11 can be swung up and down so that the rearward spread angle θ can be variably adjusted, or both the conveyor belt 11 and the guide mechanism 12 can be swung up and down.

It should be noted that reference numerals are added to the claims of the utility model for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the invention is not limited to the configurations of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Figure 1] Overall side view of the root vegetable harvester

[Fig.2] Functional system diagram of automatic alignment control device

FIG. 3 is a partial plan view showing a front portion of a guide mechanism.

FIG. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a transfer device portion.

FIG. 5 is a partial side view showing the structure of a chain with rollers.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the structure of a sandwich conveyor device.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the front part of the harvester.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pull-out part 2 Conveyor device 11a Front endless rotation band 11b Rear endless rotation band 12 Guide mechanism

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Hironobu Higashi, 64 Ishizukita-machi, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Sakai Factory Co., Ltd. (72) Mikio Okada, 64, Ishizukita-machi, Sakai City, Osaka Kubota Sakai Manufacturing Co., Ltd. In-house

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A pull-out part (1) for sandwiching a leaf of a root vegetable and pulling the root vegetable upward from the ground, a pair of left and right endless rotation bands (11b), (11b), and a lower portion thereof. A pair of left and right guide mechanisms (12), (12) arranged
And the lower part of the leaf part is guided between the pair of guide mechanisms (12), (12) while the upper part of the leaf part is driven by the pair of endless rotation bands (11b), (11b). By pulling and transferring by the
Conveying device that conveys root vegetables sent from the back (2)
Are provided respectively, and the pair of endless rotation bands (11b), (1
1b) and the pair of guide mechanisms (12), (12), the vertical spacing between the endless rotation band (11b) and the guide mechanism (11b) such that the vertical interval becomes wider toward the lower side in the transport direction. 12) relative to each other, and when a downward movement force of a predetermined amount or more acts on the conveyed root vegetables, the pair of the pair of root vegetables is allowed to move downward from the endless rotation zone (11b). Endless rotation zone (11b), (11
Set the clamping force for the root vegetable leaf part according to b), and
For root vegetables in which the endless rotation bands (11b), (11b) or the guide mechanisms (12), (12) can be vertically swung to adjust the spread angle (θ) of the rear spread posture. The structure of the harvesting unit of the harvester.