JP2854199B2 - Harvesting part structure of sampling machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for mechanizing harvesting of crops such as ginseng and radish.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A series of processes from extraction of crops to cutting of foliage, in which crops such as ginseng and radish buried in a field are manually extracted one by one and then the leaves of the extracted crops are cut with a kitchen knife. A large amount of labor is required to continuously perform the harvesting operation by manual operation. For this reason, conventionally,
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-126710, these series of harvesting operations are mechanized, and a pair of left and right endless belts are arranged as upper and lower endless belts as a conveying device after extraction, and the upper and lower endless belts are arranged. A structure in which a cutter is arranged between the two has been adopted.

[0003]

According to the above-mentioned conventional structure, the foliage of the crop is cut while being clamped by the pair of upper and lower endless belts, so that the cutting posture by the cutter is stable, but the lower endless belt is used. A part of the foliage cannot be cut by an amount corresponding to the clamping width. For this reason,
There is a problem that the foliage of the crop cannot be sufficiently cut from the root. In order to solve such a problem regarding the cutting length of foliage, a cutter for cutting may be provided below the lower belt, but in such a case,
Since the nipping and conveying device holds the crop by holding only the foliage above the cutter, the push action when the rotary cutter comes into contact with the foliage causes the crop to take the nipping part of the foliage as a fulcrum. There has been a new problem that the finished state of the leaf cutting tends to be unsatisfactory, such as swinging movement, a cut surface being inclined or stepped, and the like.

[0004] In addition, due to the unstable leaf cutting behavior, crops after cutting are liable to cause troubles such as falling out of a harvesting box placed below the rotary cutter, and there is room for improvement. was there. An object of the present invention is to stabilize the hanging posture of a crop at a rotary cutter portion provided below a conveying device for nipping and conveying a foliage of a crop,
This is to solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a pinching and conveying device for conveying a crop pulled out from the ground in a hanging posture with its foliage held therebetween, A rotary cutter for cutting the roots of the foliage in a suspended state where the foliage of the crop is gripped is provided below the rearward position of the nipping and transporting device. The position is set by shifting the position in the lateral direction with respect to the crop transport path of the device, and further, on the left and right sides sandwiching the crop transport path at a portion where the rotary cutter is provided, at a position below the rotary cutter, It is characterized in that a guide member is provided which gives resistance to the lateral escape of the transported crop due to the cutting and regulates the lateral run-out of the crop.

[0006]

The above-mentioned characteristic configuration is such that the root portion of the foliage in the suspended state where the foliage of the crop is clamped is provided below the rear position of the nipping and conveying device which conveys the foliage in the hanging posture while nipping the foliage. A rotary cutter is provided to cut the foliage, and it is possible to cut the foliage with the rotary cutter as close to the root as possible. This is dealt with by providing a member for positively controlling the posture to be in the changing state and suppressing a change in the posture. In other words, the offset arrangement of the rotary cutter causes the crop to escape to the opposite side due to the component force at the time of contact with the rotary cutter. Therefore, the guide members are arranged on both sides in the escape displacement direction, that is, the left and right directions. In this way, lateral displacement such as leftward or rightward displacement of the crop and recoil of the crop due to the recoil can be restricted or prevented. Therefore, at the position below the cutter at the rotary cutter site, by controlling the lateral run-out of the crop by giving resistance to the escape of the transported crop in the horizontal direction due to cutting, the posture aligned to a substantially constant posture Can be released.

[0007]

As a result, in the case where the cutter is arranged below the holding and conveying device so that the crop can be cut from the root, the rotation of the crop is controlled based on the idea of controlling the change in the posture of the crop to a constant one. Relatively simple remodeling by offsetting the cutter and providing a pair of left and right guide members at the cutting point stabilizes the leaf cutting state of the crop, obtains a clean cut surface, and transfers it to the harvest box. It is possible to provide an advantageous condition for a smooth delivery state to the subsequent process.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is an overall side view of the extractor / harvester according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the harvester, wherein 0 is a lifting device, 1 is an extracting device, 2 is a pinching and conveying device, 3 is a leaf cutting device, 4 is a harvest box, 5 is a crawler traveling device, 6 is a control unit, and 7 is a weeding tool. The lifting device 0 is constituted by an endless rotating band 8 having a locking projection, and a lower cutting shaft 10 is provided with a rough cutting cutter 10 capable of cutting the foliage in a sideways state in advance.

The pulling device 1 includes a pair of left and right first belts 1.
The first and second conveyor mechanisms 12 and 11 are arranged in the front half of a first conveyor mechanism 12 having a rear-up-tilt posture, in which the foliage of the underground crops is formed by a pair of belts 11 and 11.
When the crop is supported and driven, the crop is forcibly pulled out from the ground. The transport device 2 is a first
It comprises a rear half portion 12b of the conveyor mechanism 12, and a neck aligning / conveying means K comprising a second conveyor mechanism 13 and a guide mechanism 14 disposed below the second conveyor mechanism 13.

The rear rising inclination of the second conveyor mechanism 13 is as follows.
The guide mechanism 14 is set to be substantially horizontal while being set to be looser than that of the first conveyor mechanism 12. The second conveyor mechanism 13 is configured to be swingable around a left and right fulcrum P provided at a front portion thereof, so that a relative angle θ with respect to the guide mechanism 14 can be changed and set.

As shown in FIG. 4, the first conveyor mechanism 12
Are provided with a number of rolling wheels 15 for pressing the first belts 11 and 11 in the direction in which they are present to generate pinching force of the foliage, and the first half 12a reliably pulls out underground crops. The strength of the strong spring 16 for urging the rolling wheel 15 is set so that a strong clamping force acts, and the weak spring 17 that is thinner than the strong spring 8 is used in the rear half 12b.
Is provided.

The second conveyor mechanism 13 has basically the same structure as the first conveyor mechanism 12 except that the strengths of the roller biasing springs are all equal. The guide mechanism 14
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a bracket 19 is integrally provided for each outer chain link plate 18, and three rollers 21 rotatable about a horizontal axis Y that is urged by a spring 20 against the bracket 19. And a chain 22 having a structure. The roller 21 is attached to the link plate 18 in a state in which an outward biasing force can be generated by a spring 20.
1 to receive the rearward transfer force.

Then, at the rear position of the guide mechanism 14,
A leaf cutting device 3 provided with a rotary cutter 23 for cutting the foliage of the crop is provided, and the hanging posture of the crop is adjusted between the guide mechanism 14 and the leaf cutting device 3 by the leaf cutting device 3. A posture correcting and conveying mechanism 24 is provided for recovering the foliage of the crop sent from the guide mechanism 14 and transferring the same to the leaf cutting device 3 so that the state can be corrected to a state suitable for the cutting operation. The posture correcting transport mechanism 24 is composed of a pair of left and right transport belts 25, 25 each having a sponge band 25a mounted on a sandwiching surface, and is at least the blade thickness of the rotary cutter 23 at a position where the foliage is clamped by the guide mechanism 14. , A position shifted upward.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary cutter 23
The vertical rotation axis X is provided so as to be displaced in the right and left direction with respect to the crop transport path W of the posture correction transport mechanism 24 as the nipping transport apparatus, and is provided on each of the left and right sides with respect to the crop transport path W. And a guide member 26 for restricting the lateral deflection of the transported crop at the rotary cutter 23. That is, the crop transport path W at the rotary cutter 23
A hanging wall (corresponding to a guide member) 26 made of a rubber plate material is suspended from both left and right positions to restrict lateral run-out of the transported crop.

A star wheel 28 for actively scraping and discharging the cut foliage backwards and a cover for preventing wrapping are provided on the ring shaft 27 on the rear side of the posture correcting and transporting mechanism 24. 29 is attached.

The main function of the harvesting operation is as follows. By pinching the foliage with the strong clamping force of the first half of the first conveyor mechanism 12 and lifting it upward and rearward, the underground crop is pulled out, and the first crop is continuously taken out. It is conveyed upward and rearward by the rear half portion 12b of the conveyor mechanism 12 and taken over by the neck aligning conveyance means K. In the neck aligning and transporting means K, the crop is transported rearward and upward by the transporting force of the second conveyor mechanism 13, and the relative angle θ between the second conveyor mechanism 13 and the guide mechanism 14 gradually raises the upper surface of the crop body. At the rear of the neck aligning and conveying means K, it comes into contact with the guide mechanism 14, that is, at the rear of the neck aligning and conveying means K, so that the upper surface of the crop body comes into contact with the roller 21, and thereafter, the second conveyor mechanism 13 and the foliage of the crop Is brought into a handling transfer state by slipping, and the contact transfer state is maintained. When the foliage length of the crop is different, the relative angle θ is changed and adjusted by swinging the second conveyor mechanism 13 around the left and right fulcrums P.

Then, the crop in the contact transport state is picked up by the posture correcting transport mechanism 24 and heads for the leaf cutting device 3, and a pair of left and right hanging walls 26,
Since the main body of the crop is prevented from swaying in the horizontal direction between the positions 26, the swing movement of the crop is suppressed in combination with the posture stabilizing operation of the posture correcting and transporting mechanism 24, so that a good cutting operation with the rotary cutter 23 is performed. become. The cut foliage is discharged backward by the star wheel 28, and the crop body falls and is stored in the harvest box 4.

[Another Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 7, it is preferable that the pair of hanging walls 26 be formed in a constricted shape along the shape of the ginseng.
In this case, it is convenient to hang the crop introduction portions of the hanging walls 26, 26 as shown in FIG.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a part of a leaf cutting device.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a sampling machine.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a harvesting unit.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the structure of a first conveyor mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the neck aligning and conveying means.

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view showing the structure of a chain with rollers;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a part of a leaf cutting device showing another structure of a hanging wall.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Nipping and Conveying Device 23 Rotary Cutter 26 Guide Member W Crop Transport Path X Rotary Axis

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-58-126710 (JP, A) JP-B-54-8580 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A holding and conveying device (2) for conveying a crop pulled out from the ground in a hanging posture with its foliage held therebetween, wherein the holding and conveying device (2) is provided at a rear position of the holding and conveying device (2).
On the lower side, a rotary cutter (23) for cutting the root of the foliage in a suspended state sandwiching the foliage of the crop is provided, and a vertical rotation axis (X) of the rotary cutter (23) is provided.
To the crop transport path (W) of the pinch transport device (2).
Located set by misalignment laterally, further put to the site provided with the rotary cutter (23)
The left and right sides sandwiching the crop transport path (W)
Carry along with cutting to a position below the cutter (23).
A harvesting unit structure of a sampling machine provided with a guide member (26) for restricting lateral movement of the crop by giving resistance to lateral escape of the crop .