JPH08228547A - Harvesting section structure in rootcrop harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a rootcrop harvester so designed as to mechanize a series of processes from rootcrop drawing to the point just before cutting rootcrop leaves. CONSTITUTION: This rootcrop harvester is equipped with a pull section 1 to grip the stem and leaves of a rootcrop and convey them backwardly upward while drawing the rootcrop from the ground and a conveying device 2 to convey the rootcrops backward. The device 2 has such a scheme that conveying mechanisms 12 each with a pair of left and right belts BU, BD to be driven and disposed against each other arranged vertically are set up in upper and lower two tiers. The interval between a pair of the upper belts BU, BU and a pair of the lower belts BD, BD is made wider toward the rear, and the gripping force of the upper belts BU, BU is set so that, when a downward force of a specified level or larger is applied to a rootcrop, the rootcrop is allowed to slide downward off the belts BU, BU, and the gripping force of the lower belts BD, BD is set so as to be smaller than that of the upper belts BU, BU.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for mechanizing a series of harvesting operations from the step of extracting root vegetables such as carrots and radishes from the ground to the step of transferring them to a post-treatment step. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, root crops have been harvested manually by manually pulling out the root crops buried in the field one by one and then cutting off the leaves with a knife.

[0003]

Since the manual harvesting work of root vegetables is a heavy labor of pulling the root vegetables out of the field in a bent posture, it is desired to realize a mechanized harvester such as a combine harvester. It was This is a serious problem in large-scale fields. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention realizes and provides a root vegetable harvester in which a series of steps from root vegetable extraction to leaf cutting is mechanized.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is provided with a pull-out portion for sandwiching a root of a root vegetable and pulling the root vegetable from the ground while transferring it upward and rearward. In order to arrange a conveying device for transferring the root vegetables sent from the rear part to the rear, a plurality of upper and lower conveying mechanisms are formed by vertically arranging a pair of left and right endless rotation belt pairs driven opposite to each other. To configure the transport device, and in each transport mechanism,
The upper and lower endless swivel band pairs and the lower endless swivel band pair are arranged so that the upper and lower endless swivel band pairs are widened toward the lower side in the transport direction. At the same time, when a downward movement force of a predetermined amount or more acts on the conveyed root vegetables, the leaf holding force of the upper endless rotation band pair is set so that the downward movement of the root vegetables from the upper endless rotation band pair is allowed. Further, the leaf holding force of the lower endless rotation band pair is set to be weaker than the leaf holding force of the upper endless rotation band pair.

[Operation] The withdrawing portion functions to pull out the root vegetables in the ground and lift them upward by sandwiching the leaves protruding above the ground. In the state where the lower part of the leaf portion is formed by the moving band pair, the upper endless rotating band pair exerts a function of gripping the upper part of the leaf part and giving a conveying action.

In the transport mechanism, the vertical interval between the lower endless swivel band pair and the upper endless swivel band pair becomes wider toward the lower side in the transport direction, and the root vegetables move downward in the upper endless swivel band. Therefore, the lower endless rotating band pair approaches the root of the leaf portion according to the backward transportation, and finally becomes the contact transportation state in which the lower endless rotation belt pair is transported in contact with the upper surface of the root vegetable body, and thereafter. Then, the upper endless rotation band pair and the leaf portion move vertically relative to each other to maintain the contact conveyance state. As a result, at the end of the transport mechanism, all root vegetables will be unified to the contact transport state, and the root vegetables can be delivered in a fixed posture / position to the post-treatment process such as a cutter device for cutting the leaf portion. .

By providing a plurality of stages of the above-mentioned transfer mechanism to form a transfer device, the following operation occurs.
That is, in the leaf cutting process of cutting the leaf portion of the root vegetables by the leaf cutting device to be arranged at the end portion of the transport device, it is necessary to align the cut edges horizontally along the upper surface of the root vegetable in terms of appearance and form as a product. It is preferable to pull up the root vegetable as much as possible in order to pull it out from the ground, as well as to reduce the force required for pulling it out, and to prevent the root vegetable and its leaves from being damaged by excessive pulling backwards. Therefore, the root vegetable transfer angle of the extraction section tends to be set to a relatively steep angle.Therefore, during the rearward transfer of the transfer device, the transfer direction of the root vegetable is relatively large from the upward direction to the horizontal direction. It is desirable to change.

In the present invention, since the carrying device is constructed by providing the above-mentioned carrying mechanism in a plurality of stages, it is possible to deliver from the pull-out section to the front carrying mechanism and to deliver from the front carrying mechanism to the rear carrying mechanism. Depending on the situation, it is possible to set a plurality of root vegetable delivery points, so that the change angle value of the transport angle at a single delivery point can be set to a small value that contributes to a smooth tooth aligning function. It is possible to largely change the state in which the upward transfer component is large to the transport state in which the horizontal transfer component is large.

[Effect] As a result, it was possible to mechanize a series of processes from the extraction of root vegetables from the ground to the front of post-treatment such as a cutter device, and at the same time, efficiently extract the root vegetables and the root vegetables delivered to the post-treatment. The smoothness and stability of the mechanization process was achieved by aligning it in a certain horizontal posture / position, which contributed to the improvement of harvesting efficiency and reduced labor.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a root vegetable harvester according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of its front portion. 1 is a pull-out section, 2 is a conveying device, 3 is a leaf cutting device,
4 is a harvesting section, 5 is a crawler traveling device, and 6 is a control section. The pull-out part 1 is provided with a pair of left and right weeding tools 7, 7 at the tip, and is equipped with a conveyor-type sandwiching conveyor device 9 extending immediately after the weeding tool 7 and the leaf cutting device 3 site. There is. The sandwiching conveyor device 9 is a pair of left and right first conveyor belts 1 that are driven while facing each other in a rearwardly inclined posture.
It is composed of 1, 11.

The transport device 2 is provided with two stages of a transport mechanism 12 having a structure consisting of a pair of left and right upper endless rotation bands BU and a pair of left and right lower endless rotation bands BD. There is. That is, the upper transport mechanism 12 includes the first belt rear portion 11b (BU), which is the rear portion of the first transport belt 11, and the second belt front portion 18a, which is the front portion of the second transport belt 18.
(BD), the lower transport mechanism 12 includes a second belt rear portion 18b (BU) and a third transport belt 20 (BD).
It consists of and. In each of the transport mechanisms 12 and 12, the lower part of the root vegetable leaf part is guided and guided between the pair of lower endless rotation bands BD, while the upper part of the leaf part is paired with the upper endless rotation band B.
The pull-out section 1
It has the function of transporting the root vegetables sent from the back.

As shown in FIG. 3, the left and right first conveyor belts 11, 11 are provided with a large number of rolling wheels 17 for pressing them toward each other so as to generate a nipping force for the leaves. In the front portion 11a of the conveyor belt from the front end portion to the portion corresponding to the front end of the guide mechanism 12, the rolling wheel 1 is applied so that a strong clamping force acts to reliably pull out the root vegetables in the ground.
7, a strong spring mechanism As in which the strength of the urging spring 8 is set,
In b, there is provided a weak spring mechanism Ap which is set to weaken the gripping force of the leaf portion by adopting a spring 10 thinner than the spring 8 in the front portion 11a of the conveyor belt.

The second conveyor belt 18 is the first conveyor belt 1.
Similar to 1, it has a structure including spring mechanisms As and Ap,
A strong spring mechanism As is arranged in the front part to the rear end portion of the first conveyor belt 11 in a side view, and a weak spring mechanism Ap is arranged thereafter. The third conveyor belt 20 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, a bracket 19 is integrally provided for each outer chain link plate 13, and a spring 16 is provided for it.
It is configured by a chain 15 having a structure in which three rollers 14 that are rotatable around a horizontal axis Y that is urged to project by. The roller 14 is attached to the chain link 13 in a state where an outward biasing force can be generated by the spring 16, and the root portion of the root vegetable is pinched by the left and right rollers 14 and 14 facing each other to provide a rearward transfer force. receive.

As shown in FIG. 1, the upper and lower transport mechanisms 12,
In FIG. 12, the upper endless rotation band BU and the lower endless rotation band BD are relatively arranged such that the vertical distance between the upper endless rotation band BU and the lower endless rotation band BD becomes wider toward the lower side in the conveyance direction.
The inclination angle θ to the ground of 1, the sandwiching angle α between the first transport belt 11 and the second transport belt 18, and the sandwiching angle β between the second transport belt 18 and the third transport belt 20 are θ>α> β. The third conveyor belt 20 is set to be substantially horizontal.

At the rear position of the third belt 20,
A leaf cutter 3 is provided, which is provided with a rotary cutter 21 that cuts off the leaves of root vegetables in a state in which the vertical position can be adjusted freely, and between the third belt 20 and the leaf cutter 3,
In order to correct the hanging posture of the root vegetables to a state suitable for the cutting operation by the leaf cutting device 3, the leaf portion of the root vegetables fed from the third belt 20 is picked up and transferred to the leaf cutting device 3. The mechanism 23 is interposed. The posture correction transport mechanism 23 is composed of a pair of left and right fourth transport belts 24, 24.

The main operation of the harvesting work will be described. The root part in the ground is pulled out by gripping the leaf part by the strong gripping force of the first belt front part 11a and lifting it upward and backward, and then the first belt. The root force is transferred backward and upward by the carrying force of the upper carrying mechanism 12 by the rear part 11b and the second belt front part 18a.
Since the inclination of a is gentle, the upper surface of the root vegetable body gradually approaches the second belt front portion 18a, and the second upper portion of the transport mechanism 12 has the second portion.
The upper surface of the root vegetable body comes into contact with the belt front portion 18a to be in a contact conveyance state, and thereafter, the first belt front portion 11a
The root portion of the root vegetable and the leaf portion of the root vegetable are slipped to each other to be in a handling and transporting state.

When the root vegetables are delivered to the lower transport mechanism 12, this lower transport mechanism 12 is also transferred to the upper transport mechanism 12 by the second belt rear portion 18b and the third transport belt 20. The same contact conveyance state or handling conveyance state appears, and in the rear part of the third conveyor belt 20, the root vegetables are suspended in a substantially horizontal suspension posture, which is combined with the posture stabilizing action of the posture correction transport mechanism 23 to remove leaves. A good cutting action with the device 3 will be achieved.

In this embodiment, the pair of first belt rear portions 1
Although 1b corresponds to the upper endless rotation band BU, it may be independent from the pair of conveyor belt front parts 11a and independent, and the second conveyor belt 18 has the upper endless rotation band BU and the lower endless belt BU. Although it also serves as the rotation band BD, the transport mechanism 12 may be configured as an independent one. Furthermore, the transport mechanism may be provided in three or more stages.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Fig. 1] Overall side view of a root vegetable harvester

[Figure 2] Plan view of the front of the harvester

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the structure of a sandwich conveyor device.

FIG. 4 is a lateral cross-sectional view of a transfer device portion.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view showing the structure of a chain with rollers.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Drawing-out part 2 Conveying device 12 Conveying mechanism BU Upper endless rotating band BD Lower endless rotating band

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Mikio Okada 64 Ishizukita-machi, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Sakai Co., Ltd. (72) Masaaki Suezuru 64, Ishizukita-machi, Sakai City, Osaka Kubota Sakai Co., Ltd. Inside the factory (72) Inventor Satoru Ito 64 Ishizukita-machi, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Inside the Kubota Sakai Factory

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pulling-out portion (1) is provided for sandwiching a leaf portion of a root vegetable and pulling the root vegetable upward from the ground while transferring the root vegetable upward, and the root vegetable fed from the pulling-out portion (1) is rearward. In order to arrange the transfer device (2) for transferring to the upper and lower sides, the transfer mechanism (12) is formed by vertically arranging a pair of left and right endless rotation bands (BU), (BD) which are driven in opposition to each other. The transfer device (2) is configured by providing a plurality of stages on each transfer mechanism (1).
In 2) and 12), a pair of upper endless rotation bands (BU), (BU) on the upper side and a lower endless rotation band (B) on the lower side.
D), (BD) The upper and lower ends of the pair of endless rotation bands are arranged relatively to each other such that the vertical distance between them becomes wider toward the lower side in the transport direction, and a downward movement force of a predetermined amount or more acts on the transport root vegetable. Then, the upper endless rotation band (B
U), (BU) pair of upper endless rotation bands (BU), (BU) pair of leaf holding force is set so as to allow downward displacement from the pair, and further, lower endless rotation is performed. Movement zone (B
D), (BD) pair of leaf clamping force is set to be weaker than the above-mentioned upper endless rotation zone (BU), (BU) pair of leaf clamping force. Construction.