JP3222825B2 - Root crop harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a root crop harvesting machine configured to extract root crops such as carrots, radishes, onions and the like planted in a field, cut and collect the leaves.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As the root crop harvester described above, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-35755, leaves of root crops planted in a field are clamped between left and right transport belts and transported rearward and upward. By pulling the root vegetables from the field and suspending and transporting them, and guiding the leaves of the root vegetables to be suspended and transported between the transport belts serving as left and right ascending position regulation guides,
It is known that the height of the root vegetable main body is regulated by restricting the rise of the root vegetable main body, and the leaves of the aligned root vegetable are cut with a cutter to drop and collect the root vegetable main body.

[0003]

According to the root vegetable harvesting machine having the above-mentioned structure, it is expected that a series of efficient leaf cutting operations can be performed after extracting the root vegetables, but it cannot be said that it is still sufficient in practical use. There was room for improvement.

[0004] In other words, the roots of the root crops are horizontal.
Is often extended to the surrounding area,
The left and right holding belts and the left and right guide belts
In some cases, the leaves cannot be introduced properly,
Part of the belt is disengaged from the belt and below the guide belt
If it protrudes, the root vegetables relatively move against the guide belt.
The root vegetable body is lifted up and the height is
When they are aligned, the protruding leaves are the root vegetables and the guide belt
Between the root belt and the guide belt
May result in poor alignment, or
Leaves that protrude from the transport belt are left uncut without being cut.
And it is necessary to manually cut off the remaining leaves again
And the cutting performance in the leaf cutting process is low.

[0005] In addition, when aligning the root vegetable body,
And let the bottom of the guide belt catch the root vegetable body
Since the height of the main unit is the same,
Deploying a tar will damage the root vegetable body
Therefore, the cutter is placed above the guide belt.
I was As a result, the leaf crop is added to the root vegetables
Will remain for a long time, and there will be almost no uncut residue in the leaves
If you want to get the root vegetables themselves, harvest them mechanically.
It is necessary to manually cut off the leaves remaining on the root vegetables
The root crop harvester will not be used effectively.
You.

Further , in a conventional root crop harvester,
The processing of the leaves and root vegetables after cutting leaves has not yet been sufficiently considered. Not only is the harvesting function and processing accuracy high with a rational arrangement, but also the processing of the leaves after cutting leaves Also, how to efficiently recover the root vegetable main body is an important matter for practical use, and there is a need for improvement in this respect.

[0007] The present invention, which has been made in view of such circumstances, one leaf cutting from pulling conveying root vegetables
Can be performed efficiently and the cutting position accuracy
High-quality leaf cutting, and the cutting of leaves
There is almost no residue, that is, the leaves and the top of the root vegetables
Leaves can be cut at the boundary with the leaves
It is also capable of treating cut leaves and collecting root vegetables.
Root crop harvester with excellent practicality that can be performed well
The purpose is to provide .

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems] technical means adopted to achieve the above object in root vegetables harvester of the invention according to claim 1, the ground near a posture which projects a locking claw on the front side
Root vegetables in the field by moving diagonally upward from the side
A leaf pulling device that pulls up the leaves, a pinch pulling transporting device that grips the root vegetables in the field, pulls them up, and suspends and transports the root vegetables upward and backward. A position alignment device that regulates the height of the root vegetable body and adjusts the height of the root vegetable body while moving it backwards after being introduced between the ascending position regulating guides, and the height is aligned with this alignment device
The roots of the root vegetables that have been removed
Leaf clipping and conveying device that pinches and transports backward
A root vegetable processing unit provided with a cutter for cutting a leaf portion between the holding part of the holding conveyance device and the root vegetable body is disposed on one side of the undercarriage, and a control unit is provided on the front of the underside of the undercarriage. And a collecting unit for collecting the root-cut root vegetable main body in a container behind the control unit,
A root vegetable main body transfer device that transports the root vegetable main body toward the recovery section is provided between the root vegetable processing section side and the recovery section side, and the recovery section includes a container for storing the leaf-cut root vegetable main body. While deploying the cradle at the end of the chassis,
On the rear side of the root vegetable processing unit, there is provided a leaf discharging device for discharging the leaves cut and separated from the root vegetable main body downward in the backward direction of the chassis.

[0009]

According to the above construction, the root vegetables in the field are held by the nipping / pulling-up / conveying device and hung upward. Introduced between the parts and moved upward and rearward, the height position of the root vegetable main body is aligned by the lifting restriction action by the left and right lifting position restriction guide parts, and the height is aligned
Rooted vegetables are held by a leaf cutting and holding device and aligned.
Is supplied to the cutter while securing the leaf cutting and conveying device
The leaf is cut with a cutter between the pinching point of
The root vegetables are dropped and collected.

In this case, the leaves of the root vegetables in the field are pinched and pulled.
Lock the leaf pulling device before it is held by the lifting conveyor
Since it is picked up by the claw, it is held by
It is not uncommon for leaves to come off from the holding of the device. That
As a result, the leaves of the root vegetables transported by hanging
Of the leaf when introduced between the left and right guide members
Part without being introduced between the left and right guide members
There is almost no protruding, and the leaves are pinched.
While being properly clamped by the lifting / lifting conveyance device,
The leaves are properly guided by the alignment device, and the leaves are aligned with the root vegetables.
Height adjustment by sandwiching between the guide member of the alignment device
To prevent obstruction of
Leaving uncut leaves is avoided. And the cut leaves
Is discharged downward by the leaf discharge device in the reverse direction,
And the root vegetable main body is transferred to the collection section by the root vegetable main body transfer device and collected in the container.

[0011]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the leaf pulling up device is provided.
No leaf leaks at the beginning of pulling and holding transport
Root vegetable with subsequent alignment device
The body height alignment function can be exercised properly,
Highly accurate leaf cutting with the use of a holding and conveying device
Can be performed accurately and there is almost no leftover
Recovery of root vegetables can be mechanized, sufficient for practical use
I can now respond. In addition, leaf clipping
By using the feeding device, the aligned root vegetables are pinched
A state in which the alignment state is maintained by securely nipping by the transfer device
To feed the cutter, the root vegetables are shifted downward
To avoid cutting the root vegetable itself.
It is possible to stably cut leaves at certain positions.
And that it is possible to perform leaf cutting with high cutting position accuracy
Leaf cutting without leaving uncut leaves and uneven cutting height
Processing can be performed efficiently. And the cut leaves
Is transported to the leaf discharge device as it is by the leaf cutter
And discharge it downward in the reverse direction with the leaf discharging device.
Because of the simple structure, the next step where the cut leaves are adjacent
Without covering the unharvested root vegetables that are harvested in
Quick and stable release to the designated location in the field
Was.

Therefore, it is possible to efficiently perform a series of efficient cutting of the leaf from the root vegetable, and to remove the root vegetable body from the field without having to pick up the vegetable from the field. Efficient collection into containers on the side away from the root vegetable processing unit, container replacement work, removal of garbage and defective products can be done quickly and easily from the ground, and the cut and separated leaves are taken off-board. It can be released in an orderly manner.

In other words, by arranging each device such as a root vegetable processing unit, a steering unit, and a collecting unit rationally with respect to the undercarriage, it is possible to efficiently collect the root vegetable body that has been subjected to the leaf cutting process with high accuracy, and to obtain the cut leaves. Parts can be easily and quickly discharged out of the machine without disturbing the collection of the root vegetables, so that only the pilot operator can board and the auxiliary worker walks and follows to perform container replacement work etc. As a result, it was possible to obtain a highly practical root vegetable harvesting machine that can perform harvesting work with high efficiency and high performance by two people while constructing a compact harvester.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a root crop harvester according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a side view of the vehicle. Basically, a root vegetable processing unit A is provided on the left side of a chassis B traveling by the crawler traveling device 7, and a control panel 5 and a driver seat 6 are mounted on the chassis B. The control unit C, the recovery unit D, and the driving unit E are arranged.

The root vegetable processing section A includes a leaf pulling device 1 for pulling up the leaves Wb of the root vegetables W in the field, a pinch pulling and conveying device 9 for pinching the raised leaf Wb and pulling it upward and rearward. It comprises a positioning device 12 for adjusting the height of the root vegetables W suspended and conveyed by the nipping / pulling / conveying device device 9, a leaf cutting device 3 for cutting off the leaves Wb of the aligned root vegetables W, and the like.

[0016] Between the root vegetable processing section A side and the collection section D side,
A guide plate 25 is provided as a root vegetable main body transfer device that guides and transfers the root vegetable main body Wa that has been cut and dropped by the leaf cutting device 3 toward the right rear side.

In the collecting section D, a cradle 26 is provided at an end of the chassis behind the control section C so that the container 24 containing the root vegetable main body Wa can be placed at a position lower than the chassis floor surface 23.

A discharge chute 27 is provided at the rear of the leaf cutting device 3 as a leaf discharge device for guiding the cut and separated leaves Wb down the chassis B in the backward direction and sequentially discharging the same to the field. Have been.

The detailed structure and function of each part will be described below.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the leaf pulling device 1 comprises upper and lower rings 28, 2 in which an endless band 30 having a locking claw 30a protruding forward is mounted on a support frame 32.
9 and the support frame 32
The upper motor 28 is configured to be driven by an electric motor 31 mounted on the vehicle. In addition, near the ground in front of the leaf pulling device 1, a weeding body 33 that scoops up the leaf Wb of the root vegetable W in the field and guides the leaf Wb to the working area of the leaf pulling device 1 is provided.

The leaf pulling device 1 is configured so as to be swingable right and left and up and down. That is, the shaft support portion of the lower wheel body 29 is supported by the weeding body 33 via the spherical bearing, and the supporting rod 35 (such as the length and the mounting position) supported between the rear part of the support frame 32 and the weeding frame 34. (Various adjustments are freely configured) by changing the left-right angle of the leaf pulling device 1 or changing the vertical swing angle between the weeding body 33 and the leaf pulling device 1. It is possible to adjust and change the relative angle. The weeding body 33 is attached to the weeding frame 34 at the front end of a support rod 33a that is inserted and connected to the weeding frame 34 so as to be able to expand and contract, and is fixed by set bolts 36.

As shown in FIG.
Is configured by a pair of left and right transport belts 11 wound sideways and wound in a rear-up inclined posture. Numerous rolling wheels 17 for generating a portion clamping force
Is provided. Then, from the front end, the alignment device 1
In the belt front side portion 11a up to the portion corresponding to the front end of No. 2, the strength of the spring 8 for urging the rolling wheel 17 is set so that a strong clamping force sufficient to reliably pull up the root vegetables W in the field is exerted. The belt urging springs are set so that the leaf clamping force at the rear belt intermediate part 11b and the belt rear part 11c is weaker than the leaf clamping force at the belt front part 11a. 10 is set weaker than the spring 8.

The position aligning device 12 regulates the height of the root vegetable main body Wa and adjusts the height thereof while the root vegetable W moves upward and rearward. In this embodiment, it is shown in FIGS. As described above, the bracket 19 is provided for each of the chain links 13 outside the horizontally wound chain 15, and three rollers 14 rotatable around the axis Y directed in the longitudinal direction of the machine body for each bracket. It is equipped with a structure.
The roller 14 functions as an ascending position regulating guide portion, and is attached to the chain link 13 in a state in which a biasing force toward the root vegetable transport path is applied by a spring 16. Therefore, the leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W It receives the rearward transfer force which is elastically sandwiched between the left and right rollers 14 facing each other. Then, the holding / pulling-up / carrying device 9 and the root vegetable body Wa
The vertical spacing between the positioning device 12 and the alignment device 12 having a function of restricting the upward movement is set to be wider toward the lower side in the transport direction.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the alignment device 1
2, a leaf cutting device 3 that cuts the leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W with a pair of right and left cutters 20 and 21 that are driven and rotated in the scraping direction is disposed above the alignment device 12. , A leaf cutting and conveying device 22 for supplying the root vegetables W aligned to the leaf cutting device 3 while holding the leaf portion Wb from the left and right.

The main operation of the harvesting operation will be described. With forward traveling, first, the leaves Wb of the root vegetables W in the field are scooped up by the weeds 33 and guided to the working area of the leaf pulling device 1.
The leaf portion Wb is pulled up by the locking claw 30a that projects forward and moves upward, and is guided between the left and right transport belt front sides 11a in the nipping and pulling transport device 9. The leaf portion Wb is pinched by the left and right transport belt front side portions 11a with a strong pinching force and lifted rearward and upward, so that the root vegetables W are pulled up from the field, and subsequently, the belt intermediate portion 11b and the belt The paper is conveyed rearward and upward by the rear half 11c and the alignment device 12.

At this time, since the distance between the nipping / pulling / conveying device 9 and the positioning device 12 gradually increases toward the lower side of the conveyance, the root vegetable main body Wa, which is suspended and conveyed, gradually approaches the lower surface of the positioning device 12. Then, the upper surface of the root vegetable main body Wa is brought into contact with the roller 14 as the ascending position regulating guide section. Then, after that, due to the weak gripping force of the belt rear half portion 11b in the gripping pull-up transport device 9, the backward transport force is transmitted to the root vegetables W, and the relative slipping movement downward of the leaf portion Wb is allowed. At the end of the conveyor belt 11, the root vegetable main body Wa is brought into a state in which the height is made uniform by the rollers 14. Then, the leaf portion Wb is nipped by the leaf nipping nipping and conveying device 22 and supplied to the leaf nipping device 3 as it is.

The root vegetables W supplied to the leaf cutting device 3 are left and right in a state where the leaf portion Wb is securely pinched by the leaf cutting / carrying device 22 at a position separated from the root vegetable main body Wa upward. It is cut by the cutters 20, 21.

The cut and separated leaf portion Wb is discharged from the end of the leaf cutting and holding device 22 onto a discharge chute 27 as a leaf portion discharge device, and is dropped and discharged toward a field on the rearward side of the chassis B. . In addition, the root vegetable body Wa
Is transferred to the collecting section D side by the guide plate 25 constituting the root vegetable main body transfer device, and is sent to the container 24 placed on the receiving stand 26. And full container 2
The work of replacing the empty container 24 with an empty container 4 is performed by an auxiliary worker who follows walking.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the attached drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of the drawings]

Fig. 1 Top view of root crop harvester

Fig. 2 Side view of root crop harvester

FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of a front part in a root vegetable processing section.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional front view of the alignment process portion.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a part of the alignment device.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the nipping, pulling and conveying device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 leaf pulling device 9 pinching pulling and conveying device 12 position aligning device 14 ascending position regulating guide portion 20 and 21 cutter 22 leaf cutting and pinching and conveying device 24 container 25 root vegetable main body transfer device 26 cradle 27 leaf discharging device A root vegetable processing portion B Chassis C Control part D Collection part W Root vegetable Wa Root vegetable body Wb Leaf

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hironobu Higashi 64, Ishizukita-cho, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Inside Kubota Sakai Factory (72) Inventor Mikio Okada 64, Ishizukita-cho, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Sakai Manufacturing Co., Ltd. In-house (56) References JP-A-64-16512 (JP, A) JP-A-3-61415 (JP, A) JP-A-60-125825 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An engaging claw (30a) is projected forward.
Move it from the vicinity of the ground to the rear diagonally
Leaf pulling to pull up leaf (Wb) of root vegetable (W) in place
Lifting device (1) , a picking pulling and conveying device (9) for holding the root (Wb) in the field, holding the leaf portion (Wb), pulling the root (Wb) and suspending and conveying it upward and rearward; W) A position aligning device that introduces the leaves (Wb) between the left and right ascending position regulating guides (14) and regulates the elevation of the root vegetable body (Wa) while moving the same rearward while moving backward. (12) and height are aligned by this alignment device (12)
Alignment device (1) for the leaves (Wb) of the root vegetables (W)
2) Leaf clipping pinch that is pinched at the upper part and conveyed rearward
Holding and conveying device (22) and this leaf cutting and nipping and conveying device (2
Leaf between the pinching point of 2) and the root vegetable body (Wa)
The root vegetable processing section (A) provided with cutters (20) and (21) for cutting (Wb) is disposed on one side of the chassis (B) and in front of the other side of the chassis (B). A control section (C) is provided in the section, and a collecting section (D) for collecting a leaf-cut root vegetable body (Wa) in a container (24) is provided on the rear side of the control section (C). A root vegetable main body transfer device (25) for transferring the root vegetable main body (Wa) toward the recovery part (D) is provided between the processing part (A) side and the recovery part (D) side. D) contains leaf-cut root vegetables (Wa)
The tray (26) of the container (24) for accommodating the root vegetable is disposed at the end of the undercarriage, and the leaf (Wb) cut and separated from the root vegetable main body (Wa) is provided behind the root vegetable processing section (A). ), Which is provided with a leaf discharging device (27) for discharging the vehicle body (B) downward in the reverse direction.