JP3459825B2 - Root crop harvester - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to root vegetables such as ginseng and radish.
So that the leaves are removed from the field and the leaf cutting process is performed in a series
It relates to a constructed root crop harvester . 2. Description of the Related Art As the above root crop harvesting machine, for example,
As shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-16512,
Scoop up the leaves of the obtained root vegetables with a herbaceous body and guide them left and right
Guide between the conveyor belts
To pull the root vegetables out of the field
Root vegetables that are suspended and transported, and are transported by suspension
Between the left and right adjustment belts to adjust the
By regulating with a knot belt, the height position of the root vegetable body is aligned,
Cut the leaves of the aligned root vegetables with a cutter,
It is known that the root vegetables are configured to be dropped and collected.
You. [0005] Harvesting root vegetables of the above constitution
The aircraft moves forward along the root crops planted in the field.
Do not continuously lift and transport the root vegetables in the field while moving
Containers can be collected by cutting leaves and removing roots.
We can expect the advantage that we can harvest rapes efficiently
However, it is still not enough in terms of leaf cutting accuracy.
There was room for improvement. [0004] In other words, the roots of the root crops are horizontal.
Are often extended and spread to the surrounding area,
Leaves that are stuck in, or extend widely in the lateral direction
Sharp leaf parts are well positioned between the left and right nipping conveyor belts.
In some cases, it cannot be introduced, and a part of the leaf is pinched on the left and right
It may leak from between the conveyor belts. like this
A part of the leaf part comes off the holding belt
If it is conveyed while protruding below the
During the alignment process, the leaves protruding downward are used for alignment.
Removed from between the left and right adjustment belts and below the adjustment belt
It tends to become a run-off state to the people. And like this
Root vegetables are pulled up relative to the adjustment belt
When the root vegetables are adjusted, the height of the root vegetable body is aligned with the lower surface of the adjustment belt
When leaves are exposed, the protruding leaves are between the root vegetable body and the adjustment belt.
And the root vegetable body does not come close enough to the adjustment belt
Can result in poorly aligned results,
Leaves that protrude from the nipping and conveying belt are left uncut without being cut.
As a result, the remaining leaves must be manually cut off again.
The cutting performance during the leaf cutting process
It will be low. [0005] Further, in the root crop harvesting machine having the above configuration, the cutting is performed.
The cut leaf is a considerable amount, and it is placed in a fixed position on the ground.
It is difficult to stably drop and discharge to
There was a risk of becoming. In addition, about the root vegetables harvested
Take it back to the processing facility for processing such as sorting and cleaning.
In this type of harvester,
Not only is the harvesting function and processing accuracy high, but also
Or make it so that it can be collected efficiently.
This is an important matter, but in the past,
The point was not considered. The present invention has been made in view of such a situation.
That can be properly lifted and pinched and conveyed.
To improve the alignment of the root vegetable body, and thus the cutting position accuracy
High yields and leaves
Work that can efficiently collect the cut root vegetables
The aim is to provide a root crop harvester with excellent
You. [0007] In order to achieve the above object,
The technical means of the root crop harvester according to the present invention adopted by
It is as follows. [0008] With the locking claw protruding forward, close to the ground
Root vegetables in the field by moving diagonally upward from the side
Leaf pulling device that pulls up the leaves and root vegetables in the field
And lift it up while holding the
Nipping, pulling and conveying device for feeding, and root vegetables to be conveyed by hanging
After inserting the leaf part between the left and right ascent position guides
To limit the height of the root vegetables while moving
Alignment device to align and height alignment with this alignment device
With a cutter to cut the leaves of the root vegetables
In the meantime, the leaf pulling device is mounted so that its locking claw is
On a vertical surface that is almost parallel to the transport direction of
Along the starting end of the holding / pulling-up / conveying device from the front
It moves in the range extending to the rear, and in side view,
It moves at a steeper angle than the transport angle by the lifting transport device.
The root vegetable processing section is configured by
Deployed on one side of the table, behind the root vegetable processing section,
Discharge the leaves cut by the cutter to the lower rear side of the machine
In addition to providing a leaf discharge device, beside the root vegetable processing section
On the side, the boarding operation section and the collection section for the root vegetables
And, between the root vegetable processing unit and the collection unit, a root
Root vegetables that transfer the root vegetable body from the vegetable processing section to the collection section
A main body transfer device is installed, and
Container for receiving the root vegetables transported by the feeder
And a plurality of receivers in front of the receiver.
There is provided a mounting part for arranging the containers one after another. According to the above construction, the root vegetables in the field have their leaves
It was nipped by the nipping pulling conveyance device and was suspended upward
In the state, the leaves are in the left and right
Can be introduced between the
With the right and left ascending position regulating guides, the ascending regulating action
Aligns the height of the root vegetables and adjusts the height
The leaf of the root vegetables is cut with a cutter, and the root vegetables fall
Collected. In this case, the leaves of the root vegetables in the field are pinched and pulled.
Lock the leaf pulling device before it is held by the lifting conveyor
Since it is picked up by the claw, it is held by
It is not uncommon for leaves to come off from the holding of the device. That
As a result, the leaves of the root vegetables transported by hanging
Of the leaf when introduced between the left and right guide members
Part without being introduced between the left and right guide members
There is almost no protruding, and the leaves are pinched.
While being properly clamped by the lifting / lifting conveyance device,
The leaves are properly guided by the alignment device, and the leaves are aligned with the root vegetables.
Height adjustment by sandwiching between the guide member of the alignment device
To prevent obstruction of
Leaving uncut leaves is avoided. And the cut leaves
Part is discharged to the lower rear side of the fuselage by the leaf discharge device,
And the root vegetable body is transferred to the root vegetable body transfer device.
Therefore, it is transferred to the collection section and collected in the container. In addition, the leaves of the root vegetables in the field are pulled up.
The locking claw of the leaf pulling device is held in
The gripping and pulling up along a vertical plane substantially parallel to the transport direction of the
Work in the range from the front of the start end to the rear of the start
And a pinch-and-lift transport device in side view
To move at a steeper angle than the transport angle
The leaves that spread near the ground.
Raise it from the stage before it is clamped by the lifting conveyor and quickly
Be sure to be in the upright position, and hold it firmly at the start end of the
You can have. At this time, the moving direction of the locking claw
At a steeper angle than the transport angle of the
Even though it is a movement going upward and backward, for example,
The speed at which the claw moves as if it were moving forward and upward
Need not be extremely fast compared to the
This makes it easy to avoid the occurrence of tearing of the leaves. Further, the range of action of the locking claw is
It is set up to the rear of the starting end of the lifting transport device.
So the roots of the root vegetables began to be supplied to the nipping and lifting conveyor
At the stage where the root vegetables are pulled out by the holding and lifting conveyor
Immediately after the start, the raising of the leaves is continued. Accordingly
In the early stage of pulling out, the root vegetable posture tends to be unstable
Of root vegetables changes due to soil resistance and other factors
Caused to act on the pawl locking state against a leaf portion of the upper that
Can be suppressed to some extent by working continuously. The root vegetables are transferred by the root vegetable transferring device.
In front of the container that receives the root vegetables,
There is a mounting part that arranges containers in front and back
So, for example, a full container is lined up
Or place an empty container on the front
By lining up and replacing a full container,
Do not load and transport the container until the container is full.
The harvesting operation can be continued. Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the leaves
With the function of the pulling device, leaves at the beginning of pulling and nipping
To prevent the leaf from being pinched,
Around the root vegetable body by the left and right guides
Leaf part is kept at a certain position by properly performing the height alignment function
Can be cut with high accuracy.
It is possible to construct a root vegetable harvesting machine that is excellent in practicality. [0015] In addition, the leaf portion greatly extends in the lateral direction,
The falling object is pinched by a locking claw that protrudes forward
Pull up from the front of the starting end of the lifting and conveying device to above the starting end
To secure the standing posture and crush the soil to remove the soil around the root vegetables.
By unraveling, the target of the leaf is
Reliable clamping, soft pull-out, and stable posture
By removing the root vegetables, removing cracks and scratches, cutting the leaves
The cutting height is constant and the cut edges are neatly aligned.
Efficient and efficient continuous work from extracting vegetables to cutting leaves
Can be done every time. [0016] The cut leaves are removed by a leaf discharge device.
Discharged to the rear lower part of the fuselage.
Of unharvested root vegetables that are harvested in the next process where
Quick and stable in place in the field without covering over leaves
Can now be released. The root-cut root vegetables are picked up from the field.
Immediately and efficiently into containers without the hassle of collecting
A container that can be collected and accepts the cut root vegetables
With several containers arranged in front of and behind the tena
Because it can be transported, moving full containers or empty containers
Do not replace the antenna quickly and continue harvesting.
Can be transported to the designated place, and the uncut leaves
It is necessary to take the trouble of cutting off the part manually again.
It is possible to perform harvest collection with high efficiency without the need for
Was. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a root crop harvester according to the present invention,
2 are side views, respectively. Basically, a root vegetable processing section A is provided on the left side of a chassis B traveling by the crawler traveling device 7, and a control panel 5 and a driver seat are provided on the right side of the chassis B. 6, a boarding operation section C, a recovery section D, and a driving section E are provided. The root vegetable processing section A includes a leaf pulling device 1 for pulling up the leaves Wb of the root vegetables W in the field, a pinch pulling and conveying device 9 for pinching the raised leaf portions Wb and pulling it upward and rearward. Positioning device 1 for aligning the height of root vegetables W suspended and conveyed by the nipping / pulling / conveying device 9
2, a leaf cutting device 3 for cutting off the leaves Wb of the aligned root vegetables W, and the like. Between the root vegetable processing section A and the recovery section D, the root vegetable body Wa that is cut off by the leaf cutting device 3 and falls.
A guide plate 25 is provided as a root vegetable main body transfer device that guides and transfers the vegetable to the right side of the chassis. The collecting section D is provided on the floor 23 of the traveling vehicle B. The collecting section D is provided with a container 24a for receiving the root vegetable main body Wa guided and transferred by the guide plate 25, and two containers in front of the container 24a. There are provided mounting portions on which the 24 can be arranged in front and back, and these mounting portions are provided on the floor surface 23 at the same height. Also,
On the rear side of the container 24a for receiving the root vegetable main body, a seat 26 of an auxiliary worker who performs container replacement work and the like is arranged. Further, a discharge chute 27 is provided behind the leaf cutting device 3 for guiding the cut and separated leaf portion Wb downward to the rear of the fuselage and sequentially discharging the leaf Wb from a predetermined position at the rear of the fuselage to the field. The detailed structure and function of each part will be described below. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the leaf pulling device 1 is provided at the front of the pinching pulling and conveying device 9 at a steeper inclination than the pinching pulling and conveying device 9, and stands up like a vertical wall. By moving the locking claw 30a from the vicinity of the ground to the rear and obliquely upward from the vicinity of the ground in a posture in which the locking claw 30a projects forward from the wide left and right wide case 1a, the leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W in the field is pulled up. An endless belt 30 having a locking claw 30a protruding forward is vertically wound and wound substantially along a vertical plane over upper and lower rings 28 and 29 mounted on a support frame 32 in the case. The upper wheel body 28 is configured to be driven by the electric motor 31 mounted on the support frame 32. In addition, near the ground in front of the leaf pulling device 1, a weeding body 33 that scoops up the leaf Wb of the root vegetable W in the field and guides the leaf Wb to the working area of the leaf pulling device 1 is provided. Further, the leaf pulling device 1 is configured to be swingably adjustable left and right and up and down. That is, the shaft support portion of the lower wheel body 29 is supported by the weeding body 33 via the spherical bearing, and the supporting rod 35 (such as the length and the mounting position) supported between the rear part of the support frame 32 and the weeding frame 34. (Various adjustments are freely configured) by changing the left-right angle of the leaf pulling device 1 or changing the vertical swing angle between the weeding body 33 and the leaf pulling device 1. It is possible to adjust and change the relative angle. The weeding body 33 is attached to the weeding frame 34 at the front end of a support rod 33a that is inserted and connected to the weeding frame 34 so as to be able to expand and contract, and is fixed by set bolts 36. As shown in FIG.
Is configured by a pair of left and right transport belts 11 wound sideways and wound in a rear-up inclined posture. Numerous rolling wheels 17 for generating a portion clamping force
Is provided. Then, from the front end, the alignment device 1
In the belt front side portion 11a up to the portion corresponding to the front end of No. 2, the strength of the spring 8 for urging the rolling wheel 17 is set so that a strong clamping force sufficient to reliably pull up the root vegetables W in the field is exerted. The belt urging springs are set so that the leaf clamping force at the rear belt intermediate part 11b and the belt rear part 11c is weaker than the leaf clamping force at the belt front part 11a. 10 is set weaker than the spring 8. The position aligning device 12 regulates the height of the root vegetable main body Wa and adjusts the height thereof while the root vegetable W moves upward and rearward. As shown, a bracket 19 is provided for each chain link 13 outside the horizontally wound chain 15, and three rollers 14 are rotatable around an axis Y in the longitudinal direction of the machine body with respect to each bracket. It has a structure equipped with. The roller 14 functions as an ascending position regulating guide portion, and is attached to the chain link 13 in a state in which a biasing force toward the root vegetable transport path is applied by a spring 16. Therefore, the leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W The left and right rollers 14 are elastically sandwiched between the left and right rollers 14 so as to receive the rearward transfer force. When the volume of the leaf portion Wb is large, the rollers 14 are elastically retracted, and between the left and right rollers 14. The leaf Wb is guided and introduced without difficulty. And
The vertical spacing between the nipping / pulling-up transport device 9 and the positioning device 12 having a function of restricting the root vegetable main body Wa from rising is set to be wider toward the lower side in the transport direction. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the alignment device 1
2, a leaf cutting device 3 that cuts the leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W with a pair of right and left cutters 20 and 21 that are driven and rotated in the scraping direction is disposed above the alignment device 12. , A leaf cutting and conveying device 22 for supplying the root vegetables W aligned to the leaf cutting device 3 while holding the leaf portion Wb from the left and right. The main operation of the harvesting operation will be described. With advance of the machine body, first, the leaves Wb of the root vegetables W in the field are picked up by the weeds 33 and guided to the working area of the leaf pulling device 1, and forward. The leaf portion Wb is pulled up by the locking claw 30a that protrudes and moves upward, and is guided between the left and right transport belt front sides 11a in the nipping and pulling transport device 9. At this time, the leaves that have fallen or spread greatly from the beginning,
The leaf portion having a short plant height may come off from the locking claw 30a that is being pulled up. However, since the case 1a of the leaf portion pulling-up device 1 is installed upright in the shape of a wide vertical wall in the front and rear directions, it is difficult to engage. The leaf part Wb that has come off from the pawl 30a, or the leaf part Wb that has come off, is put into the case 1a of the leaf part lifting device 1.
The leaf Wb, which has been received and supported on the side surface of the leaf W, is prevented from largely falling and coming off, is introduced into the nipping / pulling-up / conveying device 9, and is nipped. Then, the leaf portion Wb is nipped by the left and right conveyor belt front side portions 11a with a strong nipping force and lifted rearward and upward, so that the root vegetables W are pulled up from the field, and subsequently, the belt intermediate portion 11b in the nipping and lifting conveyance device 9 The sheet is further conveyed rearward and upward by the belt rear half portion 11c and the alignment device 12. At this time, since the distance between the nipping / pulling-up transporting device 9 and the positioning device 12 is gradually increased toward the lower side of the transporting, the root vegetable main body Wa that is suspended and transported gradually approaches the lower surface of the positioning device 12. Then, the upper surface of the root vegetable main body Wa is brought into contact with the roller 14 as the ascending position regulating guide section. After that, the rearward conveying force is transmitted to the root vegetables W while the rear conveying force is transmitted to the root vegetables W due to the weak gripping force of the belt rear half portion 11b in the gripping pulling and transporting device 9.
Is allowed to move downward relative to
At the end of the conveyor belt 11, the root vegetable body Wa is
And the heights are aligned. Then, the leaf portion Wb is nipped by the leaf nipping nipping and conveying device 22 and supplied to the leaf nipping device 3 as it is. The root vegetables W supplied to the leaf cutting device 3 are left and right in a state where the leaf portion Wb is securely pinched without moving by the leaf cutting and holding device 22 at a position away from the root vegetable main body Wa. It is cut by the cutters 20, 21. The cut and separated leaf portion Wb is discharged from the end of the leaf cutting and holding device 21 onto a discharge chute 27 as a leaf portion discharge device, and is dropped and discharged from a predetermined position at the rear of the machine toward a field. In addition, the root vegetable body Wa
Is transported downward by the guide plate 25 in the lateral direction opposite to the side where the root vegetable processing section A is disposed, and is sent to the last container 24a in the collection section D. Here, a mounting portion for arranging a plurality of containers 24 in front and rear is provided in front of the container 24a for receiving the transferred root vegetable main body Wa. Or an empty container can be arranged on the front mounting portion and replaced with a full container. In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the attached drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a root crop harvester. FIG. 2 is a side view of a root crop harvester. FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of a front part in a root vegetable processing unit. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional front view of a positioning process section. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a part of the alignment device. FIG. 6 is a plan view of the nipping / pulling-up conveyance device. [Explanation of symbols] 1 Leaf pulling device 1a case 9 Nipping, lifting and conveying equipment 12 Positioning device 14 Ascent position regulation guide 20,21 cutter 24, 24a container 25 Root vegetable main body transfer device 30a Locking claw A root vegetable processing department B chassis C boarding driving section D Collection unit W root vegetable Wa root vegetable body Wb leaf

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hironobu Higashi 64, Ishizukita-cho, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Inside the Kubota Sakai Factory (72) Inventor Mikio Okada 64, Ishizukita-cho, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Sakai Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-64-16512 (JP, A) JP-A-2-113816 (JP, A) JP-A-61-108128 (JP, U) JP-A-61-12333 (JP, U) Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-34575 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] The locking claw (30a) is projected forward.
Move it from the vicinity of the ground to the rear diagonally
Leaf pulling to pull up leaf (Wb) of root vegetable (W) in place
Lifting device (1) and root vegetable (W) in the field with its leaves
(Wb) is pinched, pulled up, and suspended and transported upward and backward.
To be transported in a suspended state
Left and right ascending position regulation guide for leaves (Wb) of root vegetables (W)
Root vegetable main body while moving between parts (14) and moving backward
(Wa) Position alignment device that regulates the rise and aligns its height
(12) and height alignment with this positioning device (12)
Cutter for cutting leaves (Wb) of root vegetables (W)
(20) and (21), and the leaf pulling device (1) is provided with its locking claw (30a).
Is the transport direction of the pinch pulling transport device (9) in plan view.
The nipping and lifting transport device along a vertical plane substantially parallel to
Move in the range from the front of the start end to the rear of the start end of (9)
And, when viewed from the side, the nipping / pulling-up / carrying device (9)
To move at a steeper angle than the transport angle
The greens processing section (A) is configured, and the root vegetables processing section (A) is arranged on one side of the chassis (B).
And the cutter (2) behind the root vegetable processing section (A).
0), the leaf part (Wb) cut in (21) is on the rear side of the fuselage.
A leaf discharge device (27) for discharging downward is provided.
On the other side of the root vegetable processing section (A), a boarding operation section (C)
And the collection unit (D) for the leaf-cut root vegetable body (Wa)
Deployed, and a root between the root vegetable processing unit (A) and the collection unit (D).
Collection unit (D) collecting the root vegetable main body (Wa) from the vegetable processing unit (A)
A root vegetable main body transfer device (25) for transporting the root vegetable main body is provided, and the collection unit (D) is provided with a root vegetable main body transfer device (25).
Container for receiving the transferred root vegetables (Wa)
In addition to providing the mounting portion of (24a),
To place multiple containers (24) side by side
Root crop harvester provided .