JP2849789B2 - Root crop harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for extracting and harvesting root crops from a field, transporting them to the rear of the machine, cutting the roots from the foliage, sorting the roots, and storing the roots in a container or a storage bag. The present invention relates to a self-propelled root crop harvester.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, foliage of root vegetables such as carrots vegetated in a field is sandwiched between a pair of left and right endless bands.
With the progress of the aircraft, the roots are pulled out from the field and harvested, and the harvested root vegetables are transported while being lifted obliquely upward and rearward of the fuselage while holding the foliage, and the roots are cut from the foliage during this transport process A root vegetable (carrot) harvester provided with a corrugated conveyor that receives the roots that have been cut and dropped and that is conveyed in the horizontal direction and accommodated in a hopper, has been provided by
No. 825, which is well known.

[0003]

In the root crop harvester of the prior art described above, the corrugated conveyor receives the roots that are cut off from the foliage and conveys them in the horizontal direction. It only functions as a transport, which is discharged to and accommodated in a container. Also, this prior art root crop harvester is not provided with a sorting device, so that the roots contained in the hopper are rotten, broken,
Defective products such as cutting mistakes are mixed in and after harvesting work,
There is a problem that it is necessary to select the harvested root vegetables, and in addition to the labor and time for performing the harvesting operation, much more labor and time are required. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: On the traveling body, behind the excavating blade 8 that excavates root vegetables C vegetated in the field while oscillating back and forth,
Harvesting / conveying belts 6, 6 are provided, which hold the foliage S by a pair of left and right endless belts, pull them out of the field and harvest them, and transport the harvested root vegetables C while lifting them toward the rear of the machine.
Root crop C
The cutting blade 26 for cutting the foliage S from the root R is supported so as to rotate in a substantially horizontal direction, and below the cutting blade 26,
In the root crop harvesting machine 1 provided with the traverse conveyor 11 that receives the root R that is cut and dropped by the cutting blade 26 and transports the root R in the horizontal direction, the root crop C is disposed in front of the harvesting / transporting zones 6 and 6. Scooping mechanisms 9, 9 for raising the foliage S upward and supplying the same between the harvesting / conveying bands 6, 6 are provided, and are conveyed by the harvesting / conveying bands 6, 6 in front of the cutting blade 26. The foliage processing apparatus 10 is configured by providing a pair of positioning rolls 25 for controlling the posture of the root R of the coming root vegetables C in a substantially vertical state and supplying the roots R to the cutting blade 26, and the rear end of the harvesting / transporting belts 6,6. A foliage discharge belt 17 and a guide rod 17a for discharging the foliage portion S of the root crop C out of the machine are provided at a portion, and a seat 12 on which a sorting operator sits at a rear position of the fuselage on the side of the traverse conveyor 11. At the end of the transport of the transverse conveyor 11 Providing the container 31 for accommodating the root R which is selected to subordinate side, B. B. the transverse conveyor 11 is constituted by a bar-type sorting conveyor, and the seat 12 for the sorting operator is detachable; A plurality of containers 31 or storage bags capable of separating and storing the objects to be sorted are arranged in a range that can be reached by a sorting worker sitting on the seat 12 in the vicinity of the traverse conveyor 11. I have.

[0005]

With the above arrangement, the root crop harvester of the present invention performs the following operations. . In front of the harvesting / transporting zones 6, 6, there are provided scraping mechanisms 9, 9 for scraping the foliage S of the root vegetables C upward and supplying the same between the harvesting / transporting zones 6, 6. On the front side, root vegetables C transported by harvesting / transporting belts 6,6
The foliage processing apparatus 10 is constituted by providing a pair of positioning rolls 25 for controlling the posture of the root R of the cultivator in a substantially vertical state and supplying the root to the cutting blade 26. In addition to providing a foliage discharge belt 17 and a guide rod 17a for discharging the foliage portion S of C to the outside of the machine, a seat 12 on which a sorting operator sits at a rear portion of the machine is provided on the side of the traverse conveyor 11, and Since the container 31 for accommodating the selected roots R is provided below the conveying end of the conveyor 11, the foliage S of the root vegetables C vegetated in the field is scraped upward by the scraping mechanisms 9, 9. It is supplied between the harvesting / transporting zones 6 and is conveyed while being pinched. In the foliage processing apparatus 10, the position of the root R of the root crop C is controlled to be substantially vertical by the positioning roll 25, and the root R is cut at a predetermined position by the cutting blade 26. The foliage S from which the root R has been cut is discharged outside the machine by the foliage discharge belt 17 and the guide rod 17a at the end of the harvesting / conveying belt 6,6. Lateral conveyor 11
The objects to be sorted that have fallen on the upper side are sorted by a sorting worker sitting on the horizontal conveyor 11 and the seat 12, and are stored in the container 31 from the transport end of the horizontal conveyor 11.

[0006] Since the traverse conveyor 11 is constituted by a bar-type sorting conveyor and the seat 12 for the sorting operator is detachable, the sifting material is mixed and adhered to the sorting material while the sifting material is being conveyed by the traversing conveyor 11. Impurities,
The soil is dropped, and the contamination of the container 31 with foreign substances and soil is reduced. Further, the sorting worker can easily perform the sorting work while sitting on the seat 12. Furthermore, if the seat 12 is in the way when the sorting operation is not performed, it may be removed. . Since a plurality of containers 31 or storage bags capable of sorting and storing sorted objects are arranged within a range where the sorting worker sitting on the seat 12 can reach the vicinity of the traverse conveyor 11, a plurality of sorted objects are arranged. It can be stored in the container 31 or the storage bag according to the type, and fine separation work can be performed.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a root vegetable harvester (applied to a ginseng harvester in this embodiment).
The root crop harvester 1 is equipped with crawlers 2 and 2 which form a left-right pair and enable super turning. An engine 3 is mounted in the center of the body between the crawlers 2 and 2, and a hydraulic unit 4 driven by the engine 3 is mounted in the vicinity of the engine. A transmission 5 is provided between the crawlers 2 and 2 at a position rearward of the engine 3 so that the crawlers 2 and 2 can be shifted and steered. In addition, from the lower front near the one side of the fuselage to the rear of the fuselage through the upper part of the fuselage, the foliage S of the carrot C vegetated in the field is nipped and pulled out, and the upper and lower two stages are transported while being lifted backward. A pair of left and right pull-out transport belts 6 and 6
It is supported by.

[0008] Below the front portions of the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6,
A digging blade 8 for digging below the ginseng C in the field is provided.
And a scooping mechanism 9, 9 for scooping up the foliage portion S and guiding it to the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6. A large number of scraping claws 9a, 9a,... Are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the both scraping mechanisms 9, and are driven by a motor or a flexible tube (not shown). A foliage processing device 10 for cutting the foliage S from a root R of a carrot C at a predetermined position is provided below the rear end side of the pulling transport belts 6 and 6, and the foliage S is cut below the foliage processing device 10. A horizontal conveyor 11 composed of a bar-type conveyor is provided for performing sorting while receiving and transporting the roots R that are dropped. A seat 12 for the sorting operator is detachably provided behind the horizontal feed conveyor 11.

The pull-out transport belts 6, 6 pivotally support the rear portion of the support frame 7 at the upper ends of the support frames 14, 14 erected from the rear horizontal frame 13 of the body so as to be rotatable up and down around a fulcrum 14a. The front portion of the support frame 7 is supported via a hydraulic cylinder 16 with respect to a front horizontal frame 15 of the machine body, and the front end side is vertically moved by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 16. Further, the pull-out transport belts 6, 6 move the support frames 14, 14 in the left-right direction, that is, in the width direction of the machine body, with respect to the rear horizontal frame 13, and the base of the hydraulic cylinder 16 with respect to the front horizontal frame 15. It is possible.

A base of a foliage discharge belt 17 is coaxially supported on one of the rear end rotating parts of the pull-out conveyance belts 6 and 6 and extends toward the rear end of the machine body. Hold the cut foliage S between the guide rod 17a.
It is transported and discharged to the rear of the machine. The foliage discharge belt 17 and the guide rod 17a are movable on the end side in the left-right direction.
Is provided with a foliage discharge cover 18 for preventing the falling of the foliage into a container 31 described later. The control unit 19 and the step 2
0, a control seat 21 and the like. During the straight running work of the aircraft, the pilot operator sitting on the pilot seat 21 can also participate in the sorting operation.

[0011] The pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6 include:
Power is transmitted to one of them via a transmission system 22, and the rotation shaft 23 and the transmission unit 24 are
, The power is transmitted to the other pulling and conveying belt 6 so that the pulling and conveying belts 6 and 6 rotate inward each other. In addition, power is transmitted coaxially from the pull-out conveyor belts 6 and 6 to the foliage discharge belt 17, and power is also transmitted to the foliage processing apparatus 10 by a transmission system (not shown). The foliage processing apparatus 10 includes a pair of cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 that rotate inward together, and guide rollers 25 a, 25 provided below the cutting positioning rolls 25, made of an elastic material such as sponge.
a, and a disk-shaped cutter blade 26, and the root R of the carrot C, which is conveyed by the pull-out conveyance belts 6, 6, is positioned by the guide rollers 25a, 25a.
The foliage S is cut from a predetermined position.

On the other hand, the digging and raising blade 8 is supported by the lower arm 27 and the upper link 28 so as to be able to move up and down with respect to the machine body, and is adjusted up and down by the expansion and contraction operation of a hydraulic cylinder 29 inserted between the lower arm 27 and the machine body. Has become. A vibration crank mechanism 30 is connected to the upper link 28 to reciprocate (vibrate) the digging and raising blade 8 back and forth around a support portion with the lower arm 27.
The ginseng C vegetated in the field is dug up below the root R of the ginseng so that the ginseng C can be pulled out by the pulling-out conveyor belts 6, 6 with a small resistance.

Around the horizontal feed conveyor 11, on the left, right and front sides of a sorting operator's seat 12, roots R (sorted objects) conveyed by the horizontal feed conveyor 11 can be separated into a plurality of types and accommodated. Are arranged. These containers 31, 31,... May be replaced with storage bags. In addition, these containers 31, 31
, Or the storage bag is placed on a support base supported by the body, and it is desirable that the support base be configured to be folded toward the body when the containers 31, 31... Or the storage bag are not used. .

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the gap s between the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 of the foliage processing apparatus 10 and the cutter blade 26 is adjustable, and is cut from the root R of the carrot C. The cutting height of the foliage S is adjustable. This adjustment allows the root to be cut to a desired cutting height in accordance with the type, regionality, marketability, etc. of root vegetables in addition to ginseng.

Root vegetable (carrot) harvester 1 having such a configuration
First, the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6 are moved to the appropriate positions by the lateral movement of the support frames 14, 14 with respect to the rear lateral frame 13 and the lateral movement of the hydraulic cylinder 16 with respect to the front lateral frame 15 in accordance with the cropping system. Fix it. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, two rows of ginseng C vegetated in a field are simultaneously harvested. In a state where the pull-out conveyor belts 6 and 6, the digging and raising blade 8, the scraping mechanisms 9 and 9, the foliage processing device 10, and the foliage discharge belt 17 are respectively driven, the pilot is on the pilot seat 21 and the sorting is While sitting on the seat 12, the pilot operates the pilot 19, and the aircraft performs harvesting while traveling by the crawlers 2 and 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the row of ginseng C vegetated in the field is dug up by the excavating blade 8 being vibrated by the vibrating crank mechanism 30 and the upper link 28 as shown in FIG. , The foliage S of the carrot C is scraped up by the scraping mechanism 9, 9, and the pull-out conveyor belt 6
Guided to 6. At this time, since the crawlers 2 and 2 can turn on the spot, the movement correction for changing the movement (harvesting) direction of the machine body can be easily performed even when the digging blade 8 is in the soil. Also, the scraping mechanisms 9, 9 are provided with the scraping claws 9a, 9a,..., So that the action of scraping the foliage S is favorably performed.

The foliage S of the ginseng C, which has been scraped up by the scraping mechanisms 9, 9, is guided and guided by the starting ends of the pulling-out conveyor belts 6, 6, is lightly pulled out from the field and lifted toward the rear of the machine. It is conveyed while going up. When the root R of the carrot C reaches the position of the foliage processing apparatus 10, the root R is guided by being drawn between the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 and the guide rollers 25a, 25a rotating inward each other. S is the pull-out conveyor belt 6,6
As a result, the upper edge of the root R is positioned by the guide rollers 25a, 25a. In this state, the foliage S to the root R are cut by the cutter blade 26.
Is cut at a predetermined position, and the root portion R falls onto the horizontal feed conveyor 11 and is conveyed in the horizontal direction.

The roots R placed on the horizontal feed conveyor 11 and conveyed in the horizontal direction are adapted to move the soil and foreign substances adhering to the roots R from the bar conveyor during the conveyance, and to reduce the number of seats 1.
The size of the root portion R is determined by the sorting operator sitting in the vehicle 2 and the pilot operator sitting in the pilot seat 21 (while the aircraft is running straight).
They are sorted into shapes, rotten ones, broken ones, erroneous cuts, etc., and each is stored in a plurality of containers 31 or storage bags. The foliage S that has been cut off from the root R and remains between the pull-out conveyor belts 6 is further conveyed to the rear through the foliage discharge belt 17 and the guide rod 17a and discharged to a field behind the machine. Foliage discharge belt 17, guide rod 17
The discharge position of the foliage S by the a is determined by the foliage discharge belt 17,
The guide rod 17a can be freely selected in the rotation range of the transport end portion.

In the foliage processing apparatus 10, the roots R, which are moved while the foliage S is sandwiched between the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6, are drawn between the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 and the guide rollers 25a, 25a. The foliage S is pulled upward by the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6, and the upper edge (shoulder) of the root R is guided by the guide rollers 25a,
25a, and the cutter blade 26 is positioned in this state.
Thereby, the root R can be cut at a predetermined position from the foliage S almost exactly.

Further, since the gap s between the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 of the foliage processing apparatus 10 and the cutter blade 26 is adjustable, the cutting height of the foliage S cut from the root R of the carrot C is reduced. You can choose freely. This adjustment allows cutting to a desired cutting height in accordance with the type, regionality, marketability, and the like of root vegetables in addition to ginseng.

[0021]

As described above, according to the root crop harvester of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. . In front of the harvesting / transporting zones 6, 6, there are provided scraping mechanisms 9, 9 for scraping the foliage S of the root vegetables C upward and supplying the same between the harvesting / transporting zones 6, 6. On the front side, root vegetables C transported by harvesting / transporting belts 6,6
The foliage processing apparatus 10 is constituted by providing a pair of positioning rolls 25 for controlling the posture of the root R of the cultivator in a substantially vertical state and supplying the root to the cutting blade 26. In addition to providing a foliage discharge belt 17 and a guide rod 17a for discharging the foliage portion S of C to the outside of the machine, a seat 12 on which a sorting operator sits at a rear portion of the machine is provided on the side of the traverse conveyor 11, and Since the container 31 for accommodating the selected roots R is provided below the conveying end of the conveyor 11, the foliage S of the root vegetables C vegetated in the field is scraped upward by the scraping mechanisms 9, 9. It can be supplied between the harvesting / transporting zones 6 and 6 and can be reliably pinched and transported. In the foliage processing apparatus 10, the positioning roll 25
Thus, the root R of the root vegetables C can be controlled in a substantially vertical state and cut by the cutting blade 26 at a predetermined position. Further, the foliage part S from which the root part R has been cut is fed to the foliage discharge belt 17 and the guide rod 17a at the end of the harvesting / conveying belt 6,6.
Can be discharged outside the machine. Furthermore, the sorting object dropped on the traversing conveyor 11 is sorted by a sorting operator sitting on the traversing conveyor 11 and the seat 12, and the container 31 is moved from the transport end of the traversing conveyor 11.
Can be accommodated.

[0022] Since the traverse conveyor 11 is constituted by a bar-type sorting conveyor and the seat 12 for the sorting operator is detachable, the sifting material is mixed and adhered to the sorting material while the sifting material is being conveyed by the traversing conveyor 11. Impurities,
The soil is allowed to fall, and it is possible to reduce entry of foreign substances and soil into the container 31. Further, the sorting worker can easily perform the sorting work while sitting on the seat 12. Furthermore, if the seat 12 is in the way when the sorting operation is not performed, it can be removed. . Since a plurality of containers 31 or storage bags capable of sorting and storing sorted objects are arranged within a range where the sorting worker sitting on the seat 12 can reach the vicinity of the traverse conveyor 11, a plurality of sorted objects are arranged. It can be stored in the container 31 or the storage bag according to the type, so that fine separation work can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall plan view of a root crop harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the foliage scraping device.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a rear view of the foliage processing apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Root crop (carrot) harvesting machine 2 Crawler 3 Engine 4 Hydraulic unit 5 Transmission 6 Pull-out conveyance belt 7 Support frame 8 Digging blade 9 Raising mechanism 10 Foliage treatment device 11 Lateral feed conveyor (bar type conveyor) 12 Sorting worker Seat 13 Rear horizontal frame 14a Support point 14 Support frame 15 Front horizontal frame 16, 29 Hydraulic cylinder 17 Foliage carrying belt 17a Guide rod 18 Foliage discharge cover 19 Operating section 20 Step 21 Operating seat 22 Transmission system 23 Rotating shaft 24 Transmission section 25 Cutting Positioning roll 25a Guide roller 26 Cutter blade 27 Lower arm 28 Upper link 30 Vibration crank mechanism 31 Container C Ginseng S Foliage R Root

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Takeshi Kobashi 684 Nakahane, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture Inside Kobashi Kogyo Co., Ltd. (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 48-36052 (JP, U) JP-B Showa 54-850 (JP, B2)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A digging method for excavating root vegetables (C) vegetated in a field while reciprocating back and forth on a traveling machine body.
Behind the blade (8), foliage with a pair of left and right endless bands
(S) is pinched, pulled out from the field, and harvested.
Transported root vegetables (C) while lifting them toward the rear of the fuselage
Harvesting / transportation zone (6, 6)
Roots of root crops (C) below transport rear end side of (6, 6)
(R) from the cutting blade (26) for cutting the foliage (S)
The cutting blade (26) is supported so as to rotate in the horizontal direction.
Root that is cut by the cutting blade (26) and falls
Conveyor (1) which receives the part (R) and conveys it in the horizontal direction
In the root crop harvester (1) provided with 1), the root crop (C) is provided in front of the harvesting / transporting zone (6, 6 ).
The foliage (S) of the corn is raked up and harvested / transported
Raising mechanism (9, 9) for feeding between (6, 6)
And a harvesting / transporting band in front of the cutting blade (26).
Roots of root vegetables (C) conveyed by (6, 6)
(R) is attitude controlled almost vertically to the cutting blade (26)
A pair of positioning rolls (25) to be supplied are provided and the foliage processing is performed.
And a harvesting / transporting zone (6, 6).
At the rear end of the foliage (S) of root crops (C)
Foliage discharge belt (17) and guide rod (17)
a) and the side of the horizontal feed conveyor (11).
A seat (12) where the sorting operator sits at the rear position of the aircraft.
And sorting below the transport end of the traverse conveyor (11)
A root crop harvesting machine provided with a container (31) for accommodating a root (R) that has been cut. 2. The sorting machine according to claim 1, wherein the traverse conveyor (11) is constituted by a bar-type sorting conveyor .
The root crop harvester according to claim 1, wherein the seat (12) is detachable . 3. A range within a reach of a sorting operator sitting on the seat (12) near the traverse conveyor (11).
Plural containers (31) capable of sorting and storing sorted items
The root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a storage bag.