JP3073954B2 - Root crop harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention mainly relates to ginseng, radish,
The present invention relates to a harvester configured to lift root vegetables such as onions from a field, transport the root vegetables, and perform a series of leaf cutting processes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a root crop harvesting machine, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 16512/1988, the leaves of a root crop planted in a field are clamped between left and right transport belts and transported upward and backward. By pulling out the root vegetables from the field and suspending and transporting them, and guiding the leaves of the root vegetables to be suspended and transported between the transport belts as left and right guide members, by controlling the rise of the root vegetable body It is known that the root vegetables are arranged in the same height, the leaves of the aligned root vegetables are cut with a cutter, and the root vegetables are dropped and collected.

[0003]

According to the above-mentioned root vegetable harvesting machine, it is expected that the extraction from the root vegetable to the cutting of the leaf can be efficiently performed in a series in a efficient manner. It was not sufficiently considered until the recovery, and there was room for improvement for practical use.

That is, in the root vegetable harvesting machine having the above configuration, the root vegetable body that has been cut is dropped as it is and is stored in a container. Was. In addition, since all the root vegetables are dropped directly into the container and collected, a large number of defective products such as small root vegetables with poor growth and deformed root vegetables are collected while being mixed, and sorting after harvesting etc. Useless labor is required for the adjustment work.

[0005] Further, since the leaves are cut above the conveyor belt for alignment, the leaves are left long in the cut root vegetables, and it is desired to obtain root vegetables with almost no leaves. In some cases, the leaves had to be manually re-cut after harvesting.

In other words, the above-mentioned conventional structure still has sufficient steps such as cutting leaves that do not damage the root vegetable main body, recovering the root vegetable main body that does not damage, and providing a step of removing defective products before collecting the root vegetable into the container. It is not considered, and how to deal with this rationally is one of the important issues to be solved in practical use.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and it is possible to efficiently and accurately perform a series of cutting of a leaf from a root vegetable being lifted and conveyed, and to damage a leaf-cut root vegetable body. Another object of the present invention is to provide a root crop harvesting machine which can remove defective products and efficiently collect non-defective products and has excellent practicality.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems [Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 1]

(Structure) A root crop harvesting machine according to the first aspect of the present invention is a clamping pulling and conveying device that clamps and pulls a leaf portion of a root vegetable in a field and suspends and transports the leaf portion upward and backward. A position aligning device that adjusts the height of the root vegetable main body by the rising position restricting guide portion and adjusts the height thereof while moving the root portion of the root vegetable between the left and right ascending position restricting guide portions and moving backward; A leaf cutting and nipping and conveying device for nipping and conveying the leaf portion at a position above the ascending position regulating guide portion, a cutter for cutting a leaf portion of a root vegetable conveyed and nipped and conveyed by the leaf cutting and nipping and conveying device, Equipped with a conveyor that places the root vegetable main body cut from the lower position and transports it to a collection point, and a guide that guides the root vegetable main body that is cut by the cutter and leaves to fall to a predetermined position on the start end side of the conveyor. Ah It is characterized in.

(Action) According to the above configuration, the root vegetables in the field are held in a state where their leaves are held by the holding / pulling-up / carrying device and are suspended upward, and the leaves are regulated to the right and left ascending position in the positioning device. By being introduced between the guide portions and moving rearward and upward, the height position of the root vegetable main body is aligned by the rising restriction action by the right and left rising position restriction guide portions, and the height is maintained by the leaf cutting and holding device. It is supplied to the cutter in a state, the leaves are cut by the cutter, and the root vegetable body falls. In addition, since the cutting is performed while maintaining the height adjusted by the positioning device, it is easy to cut the leaves at a position very close to the root vegetable main body.

[0011] Since the root vegetable body that is cut off and falls is guided by the guide and falls and is placed on the conveyor, the posture of the falling root vegetable body changes, and the body shakes due to irregularities in the field and the like. Even if the root direction of the root vegetable main body changes slightly due to, for example, it is placed on the conveyor starting end side at a predetermined position with little impact and without being scattered largely by the guide action of the guide, and then conveyed to the predetermined collection point Then, before reaching the collection point, defective products and the like are removed on the conveyor and subjected to required collection processing such as container filling.

(Effect) Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the aligned root vegetables are securely clamped by the leaf cutting and conveying device and supplied to the cutter in a state where the aligned state is maintained. Eliminating the adverse effects such as misalignment, preventing cutting of the root vegetable main body, reliably cutting a certain position stably, and performing cutting with high cutting position accuracy, It is possible to efficiently perform leaf cutting without leaving uncut portions and uneven cutting heights, and it is possible to obtain a harvester that requires no manual leaf cutting after harvesting.

[0013] Also, the root vegetable body that is cut off and dropped
It can be guided smoothly and smoothly to the predetermined position on the start end side of the conveyor without being scattered greatly through the guide, and can be transported to the collection point and collected, so that the root crop body that has been leaf-cut can be transported to the desired position with little damage , And can be collected in a desired form, and the limited space on the machine can be effectively used to easily perform the collection processing in a desired form that is easy to handle.

Further, since the falling root vegetable main body is guided through the guide to the predetermined position on the starting end of the conveyor without being largely scattered, even if the area of the receiving portion on the starting end of the conveyor is relatively small. , The root vegetables can be smoothly received without falling out of the conveyor,
This is effective in miniaturizing and configuring a conveyer form for smoothly transporting the root vegetable main body.

That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to recover the root vegetable main body in any form with little damage by performing leaf cutting processing with high cutting position accuracy, and has high processing performance and good recovery performance. It was possible to construct a root crop harvester excellent in practicality.

[0016]

1 and 2 show an overall plan view and an overall side view of a harvester configured to harvest ginseng as an example of root vegetables. This root crop harvester includes a nipping and pulling transport device 1 that lifts and transports a root vegetable W in a field, a position aligning device 2 that aligns the height of a root vegetable main body Wa in the transported root vegetable W, a leaf of the aligned root vegetable W. Leaf cutting device 8 for cutting the portion Wb, a collecting portion 9 for the cut root vegetable main body Wa, a cut leaf conveying device 10, a container loading portion 12, a control portion 1
3, a crawler traveling device 20, etc., and while traveling forward along the row of root vegetables in the field, the leaf Wb of the root vegetables W is pinched and conveyed by the pinch pulling and conveying device 1, and is sequentially lifted and conveyed. The height of the root vegetable body Wa is adjusted in between, the leaf Wb is cut by the leaf cutting device 8, and the cut leaf Wb is discharged to the front side of the machine body by the cutting leaf conveying device 10, and the leaf is cut. The root vegetable main body Wa is configured to be collected by the collection unit 9 into the container 9b.

A dozer device 28 capable of swing adjustment at a vertical fulcrum X is attached to the front part of the fuselage.
Is prevented from fitting into the ridge groove and tilting left and right as much as possible.

The nip-pull-up / carrying device 1 comprises a pair of right-and-left nip-conveying belts 1 having a rearwardly-inclined posture which becomes higher toward the rear.
1 at the front end side, cut and loosen the soil near the root vegetables W with the progress of the fuselage,
Crusher body 4 for easy lifting of root vegetables W
And a weeding tool 3 for pressing and separating the leaf portion of the root vegetable to be harvested with the progress of the machine from the leaf portion of the adjacent root vegetable.

The root vegetable main body Wa of the root vegetable W conveyed by the nipping / pulling / conveying device 1 is provided below the nipping / pulling / conveying device 1.
A first guide mechanism 21 and a second guide mechanism 22 acting on the root vegetable W are provided, and the positioning device 2 for finally aligning the height of the root vegetable main body Wa of the root vegetable W is disposed behind the first guide mechanism 21 and the second guide mechanism 22.

The first guide mechanism 21 is a pair of left and right first guide members 23 in which the vertical distance from the nipping / conveying belt 11 becomes wider toward the rear. The pair of left and right second guide members 24 are configured so as to increase the interval. The leaf bandpass D ₁ of the between the left and right of the first guide member 23 is set wider than the leaf bandpass D ₂ between the right and left of the second guide member 24.

The first and second guide members 23 and 24 are formed by backward cantilevered spring wires fixed to the frame 1f, and the upper and lower distances L ₁ and L ₂ between the respective holding and conveying belts 11.
Are set to be the same (L ₁ = L ₂ ). Therefore, FIG.
As shown in the figure, the root vegetable W having a large root vegetable body Wa
The root vegetable W, which is pushed down by the guide mechanism 21 and has a small diameter of the root vegetable body Wa, passes through the first guide mechanism 21 and is pushed downward by the second guide mechanism 22, and the root vegetable body Wa is moved a predetermined distance from the nipping and conveying belt 11. The paper is transferred to the positioning device 2 in a state where it is separated.

The position aligning device 2 is constituted by a rising position regulating guide portion 30 which is opposed to the left and right, and is arranged so that the vertical distance from the nipping / pulling / up conveying device 1 becomes larger toward the rear in the conveying direction. . As shown in FIG. 3, the rising position regulating guide 30 is
A roller 16 for sandwiching and guiding the leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W is urged in the approaching direction by a spring 17 in each of the holders 15 attached thereto, and the support shaft of the roller 16 is attached to the leaf portion Wb. The root vegetable W is set in a front-rear direction along the direction of movement of the chain so that the root vegetable W is rotated by the upward movement. It is configured as follows.

The holding force of the leaves Wb by the pair of holding / conveying belts 11 constituting the holding / pulling-up / conveying apparatus 1 is strong at the front for pulling out, and at the rear, the leaves Wb pass through the contact W to make the contact conveyance state appear. Is moderately strong as far as possible, and the middle part is the leaf Wb by the first and second guide mechanisms 21 and 22.
The root vegetable body Wa is weakly moved so that the root vegetable body Wa can be reliably moved downward, that is, the leaf holding force by the two conveying belts 11 is increased in the order of the middle part, the rear part, and the front part.

As shown in FIG. 6, the specific means are such that a plurality of rolling wheels 25 having a fixed position are arranged at the front portion so as to be opposed to each other on the left and right sides with a narrow interval between them. The rolling wheels 25 are alternately arranged on the left and right sides, and are arranged sparsely with a sufficiently large front-rear spacing. At the rear, a movable rolling wheel 27 and a fixed rolling wheel 25 which are protruded and urged by a winding spring 26 are provided.
Are arranged at appropriate intervals in the front and rear direction.

At the rear of the nipping and conveying belt,
As shown in FIG. 3, a fixed rolling wheel 25 and a movable rolling wheel 27 for pressing the left and right nipping and conveying belts 11 in the approaching direction are provided, and the fixed rolling wheel 25 is supported by a fixed holder 1h, The driving wheel 27 slidably attaches to the frame 1f in a state where the holder 1h for supporting the driving wheel 27 is urged by the spring 26 so as to exhibit a required elastic pressing force.

The first and second guide mechanisms 21 and 22 are
The root vegetable W conveyed by the nipping / pulling / conveying device 1 is dragged down to regulate the position of the root vegetable main body Wa in advance. That is, as described above, the nipping / pulling / conveying device 1
The portion corresponding to each of the guide members 23 and 24 is a leaf Wb.
Nipping and conveying belt 1 to the extent that it can be dragged down
The holding force is set by a pair.

The leaf cutting device 8 comprises a pair of right and left rotary cutters 7 and is arranged behind the positioning device 2. In addition, the leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W above the positioning device 2 is sandwiched above the positioning device 2, and the root vegetables W whose height has been adjusted by the positioning device 2 are sent to the leaf cutting device 8. A leaf cutting / carrying / conveying device 6 comprising a pair of left and right drivable holding / conveying belts to be supplied is provided.

The collecting section 9 is provided with a conveyor 9c on which the root cutting main body Wa that has been subjected to the leaf cutting is placed and transported rearward and upward, and between the leaf cutting device 8 and the conveyor 9c, a leaf cutting is performed. A guide 9 for guiding the root vegetable body Wa that has been dropped to a predetermined position on the starting end side of the conveyor 9c with less impact.
d is deployed. While conveying the root vegetable main body rearward and upward, the conveyor 9c sorts and drops the small-diameter root vegetable main body into a container arranged below the conveyor, or removes defective products on the conveyors 9c and 9e, and removes the large-diameter root vegetable main body. The root vegetable main body is transported to a receiving position at the rear corner of the fuselage, and collected in a container disposed here. or,
A container storage space 18 is provided below the horizontal transport section formed behind the conveyor.

A roller conveyor 19, which is freely rotatable, is provided between the root receiving position at the rear end of the conveyor and the container accommodating space 18, and the container filled at the root receiving position is placed on the roller conveyor 19. The container can be easily moved forward and fed into the container storage space 18, and the full container in the container storage space 18 can be dragged laterally and moved to the container loading section 12.

That is, the container 9b at the root vegetable receiving position
When the collected root vegetable body Wa is full, the full container 9b is moved forward in a state where the full container 9b is placed on the roller conveyor 19 and the empty containers are connected to the rear, and moved to the container accommodating space 18 at the same time. Is set at the ginseng receiving position so that the container can be easily replaced without spilling the root vegetable main body Wa from the sorting conveyor 9c.

The cut leaf conveying device 10 comprises a driveable transport chain 10a for discharging the cut leaf Wb to the outside of the machine, a holding rail 10b, and the like.
3 is provided in a state where the cut leaf portion Wb is released.

[Other Embodiments] The setting of the holding force of the holding / conveying belt 11 in the holding / pulling-up / conveying apparatus 1 is performed by using a movable rolling wheel whose front portion is strongly biased by a spring, or by using a guide rod along the belt back surface. Various changes are possible, such as energizing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall plan view of a root crop harvesting machine.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the whole root crop harvester.

FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrows aa in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a positioning guide.

FIG. 5 is a bottom view showing a positioning guide.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the nipping / pulling-up conveyance device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nipping pulling conveyance apparatus 2 Positioning apparatus 6 Leaf cutting clamping conveyance apparatus 7 Cutter 9c, 9e Conveyor 9d Guide W Root vegetable Wa Root vegetable body Wb Leaf part

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Masaaki Suetsuru 64 Ishizukita-cho, Sakai-shi, Osaka Kubota Sakai Works Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-64-16512 (JP, A) JP-A-2 -131516 (JP, A) JP-A-6-22620 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for removing leaves (Wb) of root vegetables (W) in a field.
Nipping and pulling to pick up and hang it to the upper rear
Lifting and conveying device (1) and root vegetables (W) suspended and conveyed
Left and right ascending position regulating guides (30)
Of the root vegetables (Wa)
The ascent is regulated by the ascending position regulating guide (30).
Alignment device (2) for aligning the height of
Holds the leaf (Wb) above the control guide (30)
A leaf-clipping and conveying device (6) for holding and conveying backward
Root vegetables held and conveyed by this leaf cutting and conveying device (6)
(W) a cutter (7) for cutting leaves (Wb),
Root vegetable body (W
Conveyor (9c) for loading a) and transporting it to the collection point
And the root vegetable that is cut off by the cutter (7) and falls
Body (Wa) at the start end side of the conveyor (9c)
It is specially equipped with a guide (9d) for guiding to the home position.
Root crop harvesting machine.