JP2777854B2 - Root crop harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a self-propelled type in which root crops are extracted from a field, harvested, conveyed to the rear of the machine, cut off the foliage from the root, and housed in a container. It relates to a root crop harvester.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, root crops such as ginseng, radish, and turnip vegetated in a field have been sandwiched between a pair of left and right endless belts and extracted from a field on an agricultural tractor (traveling body). There has been proposed a root crop harvesting machine equipped with a harvesting / transporting band which transports the harvested root crops while lifting them toward the rear of the machine body and discharges them to a field. And
The root vegetables discharged into the field were collected, and the foliage was cut off from the root.

[0003]

As described above, in a conventional root crop harvesting machine, root crops are pulled out from a field and harvested, and the harvested root crops are transported while being lifted toward the rear of the machine body. Since it is only discharged from the transport end to the field,
After that, it is necessary to collect this and to cut the foliage from the root part, and there is a problem that much labor and time are required in addition to labor and time for harvesting work. In addition, since the harvesting / transporting zone is integrally supported by the airframe, there is also a problem that the field cropping width and cropping system of root vegetables cannot be sufficiently adjusted. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: On the traveling body, behind the excavating blade 8 that excavates root vegetables C vegetated in the field while oscillating back and forth,
Harvesting / conveying belts 6, 6 are provided, which hold the foliage S by a pair of left and right endless belts, pull them out of the field and harvest them, and transport the harvested root vegetables C while lifting them toward the rear of the machine.
Root crop C
The cutting blade 26 for cutting the foliage S from the root R is supported so as to rotate in a substantially horizontal direction, and below the cutting blade 26,
In the root crop harvesting machine 1 in which the container 11 accommodating the root R cut and dropped by the cutting blade 26 is arranged, the root crop C is coaxial with the front end rotating parts of the harvesting / conveying bands 6 and 6.
Belts 9 and 9 for scraping the foliage S between the harvesting / transporting bands 6 and 6 are provided.
A pair of guides 31 and 32 and a cutting positioning roll 25 for controlling the posture of the root R of the root vegetables C conveyed by the harvesting / conveying belts 6 and 6 to supply them to the cutting blade 26 in a substantially vertical state.
And the foliage processing apparatus 10 is provided, and the root crops C are coaxially arranged on the rear end rotating portions of the harvesting / conveying zones 6 and 6.
B. a foliage discharge belt 17 for discharging the foliage portion S outside the machine; The digging blade 8, the scraping belt 9,
9. The harvesting / conveying belts 6, 6, the foliage processing device 10, and the foliage discharge belt 17 can be moved in the width direction of the machine body while being transmitted along the rear horizontal frame 13 and the front horizontal frame 15 erected on the machine body. And a structure in which the support frame 14 is configured to be vertically rotatable around an upper end fulcrum 14a of the support frame 14 provided above the rear horizontal frame 13.

[0005]

With the above arrangement, the root crop harvester of the present invention performs the following operations. . Root vegetables C coaxial with the front end rotating parts of the harvesting / conveying belts 6,6
Belts 9 and 9 for stalking the foliage S of the corn between the harvesting / conveying zones 6 and 6 are provided. The root vegetables C conveyed by the harvesting / conveying zones 6 and 6 are provided in front of the cutting blade 26. Root R
Is provided with a pair of guides 31 and 32 and a cutting positioning roll 25 for controlling the posture of the cutting and cutting blade 26 in a substantially vertical state, and the foliage processing apparatus 10 is formed. Since the foliage discharge belt 17 for discharging the foliage S of the root crop C to the outside of the machine is provided coaxially with the rotating part, the foliage S of the root crop C is scraped, and the harvesting / transporting belt 6 is moved by the belts 9 and 9. , 6
And the root portion R is pulled out of the field and transported. Guide body 3 guides root R in the transporting process by harvesting / transporting belts 6,6
The posture of the foliage S is cut by the cutting blade 26 while the posture is controlled to be substantially vertical by the cutting positioning rolls 1 and 32 and the cutting positioning roll 25. The foliage S of the root vegetables C from which the root R has been cut is discharged out of the machine by the foliage discharge belt 17. . Digging blade 8, rake-in belt 9, 9, harvesting / conveying belt 6, 6, foliage processing device 10, and foliage discharge belt 17
Can be moved in the width direction of the fuselage while being transmitted along the rear horizontal frame 13 and the front horizontal frame 15 erected on the fuselage. Since it is configured to be rotatable up and down around the center 14a, the digging blade 8, the scraping belts 9, 9, the harvesting / transporting belt 6,
6. The foliage processing device 10 and the foliage discharge belt 17 can be moved laterally in the transmission state, so that the adaptability to the cropping system is expanded and the work efficiency is improved. Further, the excavating blade 8, the raking belts 9, 9, the harvesting / transporting bands 6, 6, the foliage processing device 10, the foliage discharging belt 17, and the like are moved up and down to adjust the excavation depth of the root crop C.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a root vegetable harvester (applied to a ginseng harvester in this embodiment).
The root crop harvester 1 is equipped with crawlers 2 and 2 which form a left-right pair and enable super turning. An engine 3 is mounted in the center of the body between the crawlers 2 and 2, and a hydraulic unit 4 driven by the engine 3 is mounted in the vicinity of the engine. A transmission 5 is provided between the crawlers 2 and 2 at a position rearward of the engine 3 so that the crawlers 2 and 2 can be shifted and steered. Also, from the lower front near the one side of the fuselage to the rear of the fuselage through the upper part of the fuselage to the rear of the fuselage, the foliage S of the carrot C vegetated in the field is nipped and pulled out, and the upper and lower two stages are transported while being lifted backward. , A pair of left and right pull-out transport belts 6, 6
It is supported by.

[0007] Below the front portions of the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6,
A digging blade 8 for digging below the ginseng C in the field is provided,
Further, on the upper side of the tip rotating portions of the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6, there are provided coaxially rubbing belts 9, 9 for rubbing the foliage S of the ginseng C. The projections 9a are provided. A foliage processing device 10 for cutting the foliage S from a root R of a carrot C at a predetermined position is provided below the rear end side of the pulling transport belts 6 and 6, and the foliage S is cut below the foliage processing device 10. A container 11 for accommodating the root R that is dropped after being placed is placed on a container placing table 12 and arranged.

The pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6 pivotally support the rear portion of the support frame 7 at the upper ends of the support frames 14, 14 erected from the rear horizontal frame 13 of the body so as to be rotatable up and down around a fulcrum 14a. The front portion of the support frame 7 is supported via a hydraulic cylinder 16 with respect to a front horizontal frame 15 of the machine body, and the front end side is vertically moved by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 16. Further, the pull-out transport belts 6, 6 move the support frames 14, 14 in the left-right direction, that is, in the width direction of the machine body, with respect to the rear horizontal frame 13, and the base of the hydraulic cylinder 16 with respect to the front horizontal frame 15. It is possible.

The bases of the foliage discharge belts 17, 17 are provided coaxially at the rear end rotating portions of the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6 and extend to the rear end side of the machine body, and the root R is cut by the foliage processing device 10. The foliage portion S is pinched and transported and discharged to the rear of the machine body. Below the foliage discharge belts 17, 17, a foliage discharge cover 18 for preventing the discharged foliage S from dropping into the container 11 is provided.
A control section 19, a step 20, a control seat 21 and the like are provided on the side of the fuselage opposite to the side of the pull-out and transfer belts 6, 6.

[0010] Then, the pull-out conveying belts 6, 6 include:
Power is transmitted to one of them via a transmission system 22, and the rotation shaft 23 and the transmission unit 24 are
, The power is transmitted to the other pulling and conveying belt 6 so that the pulling and conveying belts 6 and 6 rotate inward each other. In addition, power is transmitted coaxially from the pull-out conveyor belts 6 and 6 to the foliage discharge belts 17 and 17, and power is also transmitted to the foliage processing apparatus 10 by a transmission system (not shown). The foliage processing apparatus 10 includes a pair of cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 that rotate inward together.
And the disk-shaped cutter blade 26, the root portion R of the carrot C conveyed by the pull-out conveyance belts 6, 6 is positioned at the convex portion, and the foliage S is cut from a predetermined position by the cutter blade 26. Like that.

On the other hand, the excavating blade 8 is vertically movably supported by the lower arm 27 and the upper link 28 with respect to the machine body, and is adjusted vertically by the expansion and contraction operation of a hydraulic cylinder 29 inserted between the lower arm 27 and the machine body. Has become. A vibration crank mechanism 30 is connected to the upper link 28 to reciprocate (vibrate) the digging and raising blade 8 back and forth around a support portion with the lower arm 27.
The ginseng C vegetated in the field is dug up below the root R of the ginseng so that the ginseng C can be pulled out by the pulling-out conveyor belts 6, 6 with a small resistance.

As shown in FIG. 4, each of the scraping belts 9, 9 is made up of only a belt without a large number of scraping projections 9a, 9a,. And the support of the scraping belts 9, 9 on the rotating shafts of the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6 are rotatably supported within a predetermined range, and , The foliage S of the carrot C being swept as indicated by the arrow with the return spring interposed in the support portion
May be automatically enlarged and reduced in accordance with the amount of scraping.

In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the root R of the ginseng C, which is nipped and conveyed by the pull-out conveyance belts 6, 6, is moved between the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 of the foliage processing apparatus 10 in the moving process. Is automatically introduced into the program shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, and FIG.
As shown in (1), guides 31, 31 and screw conveyors 32, 32 may be provided between the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6 and the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 for guiding.

5 and 6, a pair of left and right synthetic resin plates, a metal plate, and a plurality of rollers are linearly arranged between the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6 and the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25. Guide body 3 composed of roller guides and the like arranged in
1, 31 are provided. 7 and 8, a pair of left and right screw conveyors 32, 32 are disposed between the pull-out conveyance belts 6, 6 and the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25.
Small end portions 32a, 32a are formed at the end portion of the second 2, so that the leading end sides of the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 enter the small diameter portions 32a, 32a, and the front and rear adjustment of the cutter blade 26 is enabled. .

As shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the gap s between the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 of the foliage processing apparatus 10 and the cutter blade 26 is adjustable, and is cut from the root R of the carrot C. The cutting height of the foliage S is adjustable. By this adjustment, besides ginseng, the kind of root vegetables,
It can be cut to a desired cutting height in accordance with regional characteristics, marketability, and the like.

Root vegetable (carrot) harvester 1 having such a configuration
First, the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6 are moved to the appropriate positions by the lateral movement of the support frames 14, 14 with respect to the rear lateral frame 13 and the lateral movement of the hydraulic cylinder 16 with respect to the front lateral frame 15 in accordance with the cropping system. Fix it. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, two rows of ginseng C vegetated in a field are simultaneously harvested. The operator sits on the control seat 21 while driving the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6, the excavating blade 8, the scraping belts 9, 9, the foliage processing device 10, and the foliage discharge belts 17, 17, respectively. By operating 19, the aircraft performs harvesting work while traveling by the crawlers 2 and 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the ginseng C row vegetated in the field is dug up by the excavating blade 8 which is vibrated by the vibrating crank mechanism 30 and the upper link 28 as shown in FIG. The foliage S of the carrot C is scraped by the scraping belts 9, 9. At this time, if the squeezing belts 9, 9 are provided with projections 9a, 9a. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the support portions of the scraping belts 9, 9 on the rotation shafts of the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6 are rotatably supported within a predetermined range, and return springs are inserted into the support portions. Then, in accordance with the scraping amount of the foliage S of the carrot C, it is automatically enlarged and reduced to perform an appropriate scraping operation.

The foliage S of the ginseng C, which has been scraped by the scraping belts 9, 9, is sandwiched between the starting ends of the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6, and is lightly pulled out of the field and lifted toward the rear of the machine. Conveyed. And the root R of carrot C
Reaches the position of the foliage processing apparatus 10, it is guided so as to be drawn between the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 rotating inward each other, and the foliage S is pulled upward by the pull-out transport belts 6, 6. The upper edge of the root R is positioned between the convex portions of the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25. In this state, the foliage portion S is cut at a predetermined position by the cutter blade 26, the root portion R falls and is housed in the container 11, and the foliage portion S remaining on the pull-out transport belts 6, 6 is further transported to discharge the foliage. It is discharged to the field behind the fuselage via the belts 17,17.

When guides 31, 31 are provided between the pull-out transport belts 6, 6 and the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 to guide the root R, the root R and the pull-out transport belts 6, 6 are connected to each other. The length L of the foliage S held between the
As shown in FIG. 5, the cutting operation becomes constant and a more stable cutting operation is performed. Further, a pair of left and right screw conveyors 32, 32 are disposed between the pull-out conveyor belts 6, 6 and the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25.
When the small diameter portions 32a, 32a are formed at the end of 2, the screw conveyors 32, 32 are fed so that the foliage S is pulled up, the position of the root R is regulated more accurately, and the accuracy is high. A cutting operation is performed. Further, the front and rear adjustment of the cutter blade 26 can be performed at the positions of the small diameter portions 32a and 23a.

When the gap s between the cutting positioning rolls 25, 25 of the foliage processing apparatus 10 and the cutter blade 26 is adjustable, the foliage S cut from the root R of the ginseng C can be adjusted.
Cutting height can be freely selected. This adjustment allows cutting to a desired cutting height in accordance with the type, regionality, marketability, and the like of root vegetables in addition to ginseng.

[0021]

As described above, according to the root crop harvester of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. . Root vegetables C coaxial with the front end rotating parts of the harvesting / conveying belts 6,6
Belts 9 and 9 for stalking the foliage S of the corn between the harvesting / conveying zones 6 and 6 are provided. The root vegetables C conveyed by the harvesting / conveying zones 6 and 6 are provided in front of the cutting blade 26. Root R
Is provided with a pair of guides 31 and 32 and a cutting positioning roll 25 for controlling the posture of the cutting and cutting blade 26 in a substantially vertical state, and the foliage processing apparatus 10 is formed. Since the foliage discharge belt 17 for discharging the foliage S of the root crop C to the outside of the machine is provided coaxially with the rotating part, the foliage S of the root crop C is scraped, and the harvesting / transporting belt 6 is moved by the belts 9 and 9. , 6
, The root R can be pulled out of the field and transported. In addition, the root portion R is guided by the guides 31 and 32 and the cutting positioning roll 25 during the transport process by the harvesting / transporting bands 6 and 6.
Thus, the posture can be controlled to be substantially vertical, and the cutting blade 26 can accurately perform the cutting process from the foliage S. further,
The foliage S of the root vegetables C from which the root R has been cut can be discharged outside the machine by the foliage discharge belt 17.

[0022] Digging blade 8, scraping belt 9,
9. The harvesting / conveying belts 6, 6, the foliage processing device 10, and the foliage discharge belt 17 can be moved in the width direction of the machine body while being transmitted along the rear horizontal frame 13 and the front horizontal frame 15 erected on the machine body. In addition, since it is configured to be rotatable up and down around the upper end fulcrum 14a of the support frame 14 provided on the upper side of the rear horizontal frame 13, the digging blade 8, the scraping belt 9, 9. Harvest
Conveyance belts 6, 6, foliage processing device 10 and foliage discharge belt 1
7 and the like can be moved laterally in the transmission state, the adaptability to the cropping system is expanded, and the working efficiency can be improved. Further, the excavating blade 8, the raking belts 9, 9, the harvesting / conveying belts 6, 6, the foliage processing device 10, the foliage discharging belt 17, and the like are vertically rotated to freely adjust the excavating depth of the root crop C. be able to. Therefore, the adaptability to the cropping system of the root vegetables C, the type of the root vegetables C, the local castle, and the like is expanded, and the range of use can be expanded.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall plan view of a root crop harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the whole harvester showing another embodiment of the foliage scraping device.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a second embodiment of the foliage treatment apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 7 is a side view of a third embodiment of the foliage treatment apparatus.

FIG. 8 is a rear view of the same.

FIG. 9 is a rear view of the foliage processing apparatus.

FIG. 10 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Root crop (carrot) harvester 2 Crawler 3 Engine 4 Hydraulic unit 5 Transmission 6 Extraction conveyance belt 7 Support frame 8 Digging blade 9 Scraping belt 10 Foliage treatment device 11 Container 12 Container mounting table 13 Rear side frame 14a Support point 14 Support Frame 15 Front horizontal frame 16, 29 Hydraulic cylinder 17 Foliage discharge belt 18 Foliage discharge cover 19 Steering unit 20 Step 21 Steering seat 22 Transmission system 23 Rotating shaft 24 Transmission unit 25 Cutting positioning roll 26 Cutter blade 27 Lower arm 28 Upper link 30 Addition Shaking crank mechanism 31 Guide body 32 Screw conveyor 32a Small diameter portion C Carrot S Foliage R Root

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-64-16512 (JP, A) JP-A-2-222610 (JP, A) JP-A-2-107119 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Showa 61- 12334 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 48-36052 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Utility Model 4-9515 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Utility Model 62-49918 (JP, U) Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-8580 (JP, B2) (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A01D 25/04 A01D 33/02 A01D 33/10 A01D 67/00 A01D 34/28

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A digging method for excavating root vegetables (C) vegetated in a field while reciprocating back and forth on a traveling machine body.
Behind the blade (8), foliage with a pair of left and right endless bands
(S) is pinched, pulled out from the field, and harvested.
Transported root vegetables (C) while lifting them toward the rear of the fuselage
Harvesting / transportation zone (6, 6)
Roots of root crops (C) below transport rear end side of (6, 6)
(R) from the cutting blade (26) for cutting the foliage (S)
The cutting blade (26) is supported so as to rotate in the horizontal direction.
Root that is cut by the cutting blade (26) and falls
Parts container that accommodates the (R) (11) is disposed to the root vegetables harvester (1), the coaxial and the front end rotation of the harvesting and transportation band (6,6)
Harvesting and transporting the foliage (S) of root vegetables (C) (6, 6)
A rubbing belt (9, 9) for rubbing in between is provided,
In front of the cutting blade (26), a harvesting / transporting band (6, 6)
Root (R) of root vegetables (C) conveyed by
A pair that controls the posture in the vertical state and supplies the cutting blade (26)
Guides (31, 32) and cutting positioning rolls (2)
5) to constitute a foliage processing apparatus (10),
At the rear rotating part of the harvesting / transporting zone (6, 6),
Foliage that discharges the foliage (S) of root crops (C) to the outside of the machine
A root-leaf harvester comprising a discharge belt (17) . 2. The digging blade (8), a scraping bell
G (9,9), Harvesting / Conveying belt (6,6) , Foliage processing equipment
(10) and the foliage discharge belt (17) , the rear horizontal frame (13) and the front horizontal frame (15) erected on the fuselage.
And movable in the width direction of the left body of the transmission state along
In addition, the support frame provided on the upper side of the rear horizontal frame (13)
The root crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the root crop can be turned up and down around a top fulcrum (14a) of the frame (14) .