JP3192088B2 - Root crop harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a root crop harvesting machine configured to pull up root crops such as carrots, radishes, onions and the like planted in a field, cut and collect the leaves.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As the root crop harvester described above, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 34575/1990, the leaves of root crops planted in a field are clamped between left and right upper transport belts and transported rearward and upward. By doing so, the root vegetables are pulled out from the field and suspended and transported, and the root portion of the suspended root vegetables is guided between the lower transport belts serving as left and right ascending position regulation guides, and the root vegetable body is raised. The height of the root vegetable main body is aligned by regulating the height of the root vegetable body, the leaf portion of the aligned root vegetable is cut with a cutter, and the root vegetable main body is dropped and collected.

[0003]

According to the root vegetable harvesting machine having the above-mentioned structure, it is expected that a series of efficient leaf cutting operations can be performed after extracting the root vegetables, but it cannot be said that it is still sufficient in practical use. There was room for improvement.

[0004] That is, since the cutter is arranged above the lower conveyor belt that regulates the elevation of the root vegetable main body, the leaves of the root vegetable main body that has been subjected to the leaf cutting process remain to some extent. Therefore, when there is almost no uncut portion of the leaves, that is, when it is desired to obtain a root vegetable main body whose leaves are cut at the boundary between the leaves and the upper end of the root vegetable main body, it is left in the root vegetable body that has been mechanically harvested and collected. The harvester will not be used effectively, for example, the leaves will have to be manually cut off again.

[0005] The leaves cut by the cutter are held by the upper conveyor belt, but the cut leaves that have been cut are conveyed only by the upper conveyor belt, and the leaves are cut off. If the amount is large or the leaves are long, the cut leaves will be transported in an unstable state with poor weight balance, and the cut leaves will droop greatly downward, causing transport trouble such as jamming or entanglement. May be caused.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and it is possible to efficiently perform a series of efficient cutting of leaves from pulling and transporting of root vegetables, and to align height positions in a pre-cutting process. Accuracy can be increased, and it is also easy to perform leaf cutting with almost no uncut leaves, and excellent in practicality that can appropriately process cut leaves in a stable posture. The main purpose is to provide a root crop harvester.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems [Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 1]

(Structure) A root crop harvesting machine according to the first aspect of the present invention is a pulling pulling and conveying device that pinches and pulls a leaf portion of a root vegetable in a field and hangs and conveys it rearward and upward. A positioning device for aligning the height of the root vegetable main body while moving the root portion of the root portion between the left and right ascending position regulating guide portions and moving backward, and nipping the upper position of the leaf portion above the positioning device. A leaf cutting sandwiching and conveying device that sandwiches and conveys backward, and a cutter that cuts a leaf portion of a root vegetable held by the leaf cutting sandwiching and conveying device, and, at a position above the leaf cutting sandwiching and conveying device, a leaf portion. A leaf conveying device for conveying backward is provided in parallel with the leaf cutting and holding conveying device.

According to the above arrangement, the root vegetables whose height is adjusted by the position aligning device are supplied to the cutter with their leaves supported by the leaf cutting and conveying device and the leaf conveying device above the leaf cutting device. It is cut. At this time, since the leaves are in the upper and lower two-point support state, the leaves are held in a stable posture.

(Effects) Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the height of the root vegetables is adjusted by the positioning device, the root portion of the root vegetables is pinched by the leaf cutting and conveying device, and supplied to the cutter to cut the leaves. It is possible to stably cut a certain position stably while avoiding the adverse effects such as the root vegetables being displaced downward, and it is also possible to cut leaves at a position sufficiently close to the root vegetable body. It is possible to recover the leaves in a state where there is almost no uncut portion.

Further, the cut leaf portion is stably transported in a state where it is supported at two points by the leaf cutting and holding device and the leaf transport device, so that the leaf portion is large or the leaf portion is long. However, it is possible to obtain a practically excellent root crop harvester that can smoothly transport the cut leaves out of the machine without causing a part of the leaves to droop drastically and causing transport trouble such as jamming and entanglement. Can be.

[Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 2]

(Structure) In the root crop harvesting machine according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first aspect, the leaf conveying device conveys the leaves by holding the leaves from the left and right sides by a rotating endless band. is there.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, the leaves are not only clamped by the lower leaf cutting and clamping transport device but also by the leaf transport device above the leaf portion, so that the leaves are transported in a more stable posture. Is done.

(Effect) Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the posture of the root vegetables supplied to the cutter becomes stable, which is effective for performing high-precision leaf cutting, and the cutting leaf portion is also transported. Thus, the above effect of the invention of claim 1 is promoted.

[Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 3]

(Structure) In the root crop harvesting machine according to the third aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first or second aspect, the cut leaf portion transported rearward by the leaf cutting and holding transport device and the leaf transport device is provided. A discharge chute to guide the flow down is provided.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, the cut leaf portion is
The sheet is reliably conveyed rearward in a stable posture by the leaf cutting and conveying device and the leaf portion conveying device, quickly guided down through the discharge chute, and discharged to a predetermined location.

(Effects) Therefore, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the cut leaf portion is reliably transported in a stable posture, and falls on the discharge chute in an orderly manner and is guided downward, so that the cut leaf portion is placed on the discharge chute. There is no stagnation due to entanglement, and the cut leaves can be discharged smoothly and smoothly.

[Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 4]

(Structure) In a root crop harvesting machine according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, the cutter is configured to be vertically adjustable.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, the cutter acts on the leaf portion of the root vegetable which is conveyed in a stable posture by the leaf cutting and conveying device and the leaf portion conveying device, and performs leaf cutting with high cutting accuracy. be able to. At this time, the length of the leaves remaining in the root vegetable main body can be arbitrarily changed by adjusting the operating position of the cutter up and down.

(Effect) Therefore, according to the invention of claim 4, it is possible to efficiently harvest and recover the root vegetable body in a state where the root vegetable body has been subjected to the leaf cutting process, and to set the length of the leaves to be left in the root vegetable main body arbitrarily and arrange them. Since the leaves can be cut accurately, the subsequent post-processing can be performed appropriately, and the root vegetables can be harvested in a good and prompt manner in accordance with various conditions such as the variety of root vegetables, production area, post-harvest processing / shipping form, etc. It can be done efficiently.

[Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 5]

(Structure) In the root crop harvesting machine according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, a locking claw is provided on a front portion of the nipping / pulling-up conveying device. A leaf pulling device is provided which is moved obliquely rearward and upward from the vicinity of the ground in a posture protruding to the side to lift the leaves of the root vegetables in the field.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, before the leaf portion of the root vegetable in the field is held by the nipping and lifting conveyance device, the leaf portion is subjected to the pulling action by the locking claw of the leaf portion pulling device.
Leakage of the leaves at the starting end of the nipping and pulling conveyance device is reduced. As a result, when the leaf portion of the root vegetables conveyed in a suspended state is then introduced between the left and right ascending position regulating guide portions in the alignment device, a part of the leaf portion is located between the left and right ascending position regulating guide portions. It is almost impossible for the leaves to protrude downward without being introduced into the device. The leaves are properly clamped by the nipping / lifting and conveying device, and the leaves are properly guided to the alignment device, so that the leaves which are nipped are leaked. Is caught in the introduction portion to the alignment device, the leaves are caught between the root vegetable body and the ascending position regulation guide portion in the alignment device, it is avoided to become an obstacle to height alignment,
Alternatively, the leaves protruding below the ascending position regulating guides are left uncut, and it is not necessary to manually cut the remaining leaves again after the machine is harvested.

(Effect) Therefore, according to the invention of claim 5, since the leaf portion can be pinched at the start end of the pinch pulling and conveying by the function of the leaf pulling device, the height of the root vegetable main body by the subsequent positioning device can be held. The leaf portion can be reliably cut by properly exerting the alignment function, which is effective in performing highly accurate leaf cutting.

[0028]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a root crop harvester according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a side view of the vehicle. The harvesting unit A is basically provided on the left side of the traveling machine B traveling by the crawler traveling device 7 and the control panel 5 and the driver's seat 6 are mounted on the machine. , A recovery unit D, and a driving unit E are arranged.

The harvesting section A includes a leaf pulling device 1 for pulling up the leaves Wb of the root vegetables W in the field, a pinch pulling and transporting device 9 for pinching the lifted leaves Wb and transporting them upward and rearward. It comprises a positioning device 12 for adjusting the height of the root vegetables W suspended and conveyed by the nipping / pulling / conveying device device 9, a leaf cutting device 3 for cutting off the leaves Wb of the aligned root vegetables W, and the like.

The collecting section D is provided on the body floor 23 between the control section C and the root vegetable processing section A, and is a container 24 for collecting and storing the root vegetable main body Wa cut by the leaf cutting device 3. Are arranged in front and rear, and a guide plate 25 for guiding the root vegetable main body Wa is provided in the last container 24, and an auxiliary worker who replaces the container 24 on the rear side of the last container 24. Of seats 26 are provided. Further, behind the leaf cutting device 3, a discharge chute 27 for guiding the cut and separated leaf portion Wb down the rear of the fuselage and sequentially releasing it from a predetermined position at the rear of the fuselage to the field.
Is provided.

The detailed structure and function of each section will be described below.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the leaf pulling device 1 vertically winds and winds a belt 37 having locking pawls 2 projecting forward and downward on upper and lower rings 35, 36, and pinches the belt. The driving force taken out of the wheel body 9a at the front part of the pulling and conveying device 9 is transmitted to the upper wheel body 35 via the transmission shaft 38 and the bevel gear mechanism 39. The conveying speed V1 of the nipping / pulling / up conveying device 9 is set to be faster than the pulling speed V2 of the leaf pulling device 1. In addition, near the ground in front of the leaf pulling device 1, root vegetables W
A weeding body 18 that scoops up the leaf Wb of the leaf and leads it to the working area of the leaf pulling device 1 is provided.

The holding / pulling-up / conveying device 9 is constituted by a pair of left and right conveying belts 11 wound sideways in a rear-up inclined posture, and as shown in FIG. A large number of rolling wheels 17 for pressing the transport belt 11 toward the transport path to generate a leaf pinching force are provided.
Is provided. Then, from the front end, the alignment device 1
In the belt front side portion 11a up to the portion corresponding to the front end of No. 2, the strength of the spring 8 for urging the rolling wheel 17 is set so that a strong clamping force sufficient to reliably pull up the root vegetables W in the field is exerted. The belt urging springs are set so that the leaf clamping force at the rear belt intermediate part 11b and the belt rear part 11c is weaker than the leaf clamping force at the belt front part 11a. 10 is set weaker than the spring 8.

The positioning device 12 regulates the height of the root vegetable main body Wa while the root vegetable W moves upward and rearward, and aligns the height thereof. In the present embodiment, it is shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. As described above, the bracket 19 is provided for each of the chain links 13 outside the horizontally wound chain 15, and three rollers 14 rotatable around the axis Y directed in the longitudinal direction of the machine body for each bracket. It is equipped with a structure.
The roller 14 functions as an ascending position regulating guide portion, and is attached to the chain link 13 in a state in which a biasing force toward the root vegetable transport path is applied by a spring 16. Therefore, the leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W It receives the rearward transfer force which is elastically sandwiched between the left and right rollers 14 facing each other. Then, the holding / pulling-up / carrying device 9 and the root vegetable body Wa
The vertical spacing between the positioning device 12 and the alignment device 12 having a function of restricting the upward movement is set to be wider toward the lower side in the transport direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 6, a leaf cutter 3 for cutting the leaf Wb of the root vegetable W with a single cutter 20 is arranged at a position behind the alignment device 12. And the leaf W above the alignment device 12.
b, a leaf cutting and conveying device 21 for supplying the aligned root vegetables W to the leaf cutting device 3 is provided.
Further, a leaf transport device 22 for transporting the leaf portion Wb backward is provided above the leaf clipping and transporting device 21 in parallel with the leaf clipping and transporting device 21.

The leaf cutting / nipping / conveying device 21 includes front and rear wheel bodies 2
A pair of left and right sandwiching belts 29 that are horizontally wound around 8
Are arranged so as to enter below the terminal side of the nipping / pulling-up / conveying device 9 configured such that the distance between the opposing conveyor belts 11 at the terminal side is increased. Further, the leaf-portion transporting device 22 moves the belt 31 as an endless rotating band to the front and rear wheels 30 that are arranged concentrically with the axial centers P1 and P2 of the front and rear wheels 28 in the leaf-cutting and pinching transporting device 21. It is configured to be wound around.

A pair of upper and lower guide members 32 for regulating right and left positions of a position directly above and immediately below the cut portion of the leaf portion Wb is provided directly below the leaf cutting and holding device 21. Is configured so as to prevent the escape of the sword and to cut it satisfactorily. Below the guide member 32, a support belt 33 with a sponge 34 for stabilizing the posture by lightly elastically holding the root vegetable main body from the left and right is provided.

As shown in FIG. 7, the leaf cutting device 3 has a structure in which a disk-shaped cutter 20 is attached to the upper end of a rotating shaft 40 supported vertically through a support block 41. Are supported so as to be able to move up and down in a detented contact state with respect to a frame 42 having a U-shaped cross section, and a bolt 43 screwed through the support block 41 is supported only rotatably by the frame 42. The support block 41 is screw-fed by rotating the bolt 43 to adjust the height position of the cutter 20.

The main operation of the harvesting operation will be described. With the advancement of the machine body, first, the leaves Wb of the root vegetables W in the field are picked up by the weeds 18 and guided to the working area of the leaf pulling device 1. The pulling device 1 lifts the leaf portion Wb and guides the leaf portion Wb between the left and right transport belt front sides 11a in the nipping pulling transport device 9. The leaves Wb are the left and right conveyor belt front sides 11
The root vegetables W are pulled up from the field by being nipped with the strong nipping force by the a, and subsequently lifted from the field, and subsequently, the belt intermediate portion 11b and the belt rear half portion 11c in the nipping and lifting conveyance device 9 and the alignment device 1
2, and is conveyed upward and backward.

At this time, since the distance between the nipping / pulling and conveying device 9 and the alignment device 12 is gradually increased toward the lower side of the transportation, the root vegetable body Wa suspended and transported gradually approaches the lower surface of the alignment device 12. Then, the upper surface of the root vegetable main body Wa is brought into contact with the roller 14 as the ascending position regulating guide section. Then, after that, due to the weak gripping force of the belt rear half portion 11b in the gripping pull-up transport device 9, the backward transport force is transmitted to the root vegetables W, and the relative slipping movement downward of the leaf portion Wb is allowed. At the end of the conveyor belt 11, the root vegetable main body Wa is brought into a state in which the height is made uniform by the rollers 14. Then, the leaf portion Wb is pinched and transported rearward by the leaf clipping and transporting device 21 as it is, and is supplied to the leaf cutting device 3.

The root vegetables W supplied to the leaf cutting device 3 are securely clamped without moving the leaf portion Wb by the leaf cutting / carrying device 21 and the leaf portion carrying device 22 at a position away from the root vegetable main body Wa. In this state, the leaf Wb is supplied to the cutter 20 and cut.

The cut and separated leaf Wb is conveyed rearward by the leaf-clipping and conveying device 21 and the leaf conveying device 22 above the leaf Wb, and is directed from a predetermined position behind the machine to the field via the discharge chute 27. The root vegetable main body Wa that has been dropped and discharged, and that has been cut into leaves, is guided by the guide plate 25 and sent into the last container 24.

Incidentally, reference numerals are written in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the attached drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a root crop harvester.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a root crop harvester.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional front view of a position adjustment process site.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a position portion of the position alignment device.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the nipping / pulling / up conveyance device.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal rear view of a leaf cutting portion.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the leaf cutting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 leaf pulling device 2 locking claw 9 pinching pulling and conveying device 12 positioning device 14 ascending position regulating guide unit 20 cutter 21 leaf cutting and pinching and conveying device 22 leaf conveying device 27 release chute 31 endless rotating band W root vegetable Wa root vegetable body Wb leaf

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for removing leaves (Wb) of root vegetables (W) in a field.
Nipping and pulling to pick up and hang it to the upper rear
Lifting and conveying device (9) and root vegetables (W) suspended and conveyed
Left and right ascending position regulating guides (14)
Of the root vegetables (Wa)
A position aligning device (12) for adjusting the height and a leaf (Wb)
The position above the alignment device (12) is sandwiched and rearward
Leaf cutting and holding device (21) for holding and conveying the leaf
Leaves of root vegetables (W) held by the cutting / conveying device (21)
A cutter (20) for cutting the part (Wb);
The leaf cutting and conveying device (21)
Leaf transport device (2) for transporting the portion (Wb) backward
2) is disposed in parallel with the leaf cutting and holding device (21).
A root crop harvester characterized by the following. 2. The endless conveying device according to claim 1, wherein said leaf conveying device is a rotating endless belt.
The leaf part (Wb) is pinched from the left and right by (31) and transported.
The root crop harvester according to claim 1, wherein the root crop is harvested. 3. The leaf cutting and holding device (21);
Cut leaves transported backward by the leaf transport device (22)
Discharge chute (27) for guiding the flow down section (Wb)
The root crop harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the root crop is harvested. 4. The cutter (3) is vertically adjustable.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein
Root vegetable harvester. 5. A front part of said nipping / pulling-up / conveying device (9).
And near the ground with the locking claws (2) protruding forward.
And move it diagonally upward and backward from the root
(W) Leaf lifting device for lifting leaf (Wb)
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein (1) is provided.
The root crop harvesting machine according to 1.