JP3229597B2 - Root crop harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a harvester for root vegetables such as ginseng, radish and onion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a root crop harvester, for example,
As shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 34575/1994, a pinch pulling and conveying device that pinches and pulls up a leaf portion of a root vegetable in a field and hangs it upward and backward to convey the root portion of a root vegetable that is suspended and conveyed. And a positioning device that regulates the height of the root vegetable body while moving it backwards and aligns the height thereof, and acts on the leaf portion of the root vegetable whose height is aligned by the positioning device. The one provided with a cutter has been proposed.

[0003]

The root vegetable harvesting machine having the above-described structure can continuously pull up a root vegetable in a field while automatically moving the machine along a ridge or the like, and automatically collect and cut the leaves. Although it can be expected that the root vegetables can be efficiently harvested, they are still insufficient in practical use.

[0004] That is, by arranging an upper holding and pulling and conveying device for suspending and transporting root vegetables and a positioning device for guiding the root portion of the root vegetables from the left and right below the devices with a rear spreading angle, the root vegetable positioning device. In the above-described configuration in which the position is aligned by pulling up relative to the
Some of the leaves are pulled up early, and there is a risk that the leaves may be cut off or clogged due to the upper edge of the root vegetable body coming into contact with the rising end regulating surface of the alignment device and being caught. In addition, when cutting the leaf portion of the root vegetable whose height is aligned by the positioning device with a cutter, it is desirable that the root vegetable is hung in a posture as close to vertical as possible so that the cut end is not inclined.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and it is possible to efficiently perform the harvesting work from pulling up the root vegetables to cutting off the leaves, and to cut the leaves of the root vegetables. It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a mechanism for harvesting root vegetables that is beautifully arranged and has excellent practicality.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems [Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 1]

(Structure) A root crop harvester according to the first aspect of the present invention is a pulling pulling and conveying device that pinches and pulls a leaf portion of a root vegetable in a field and hangs and conveys it upward and rearward, and is hanged and conveyed. A positioning device for introducing the root portion of the root vegetable between the left and right guide members and regulating the height of the root vegetable main body while moving backward, and adjusting the height thereof, and the root vegetable whose height is aligned by the positioning device And a cutter acting on the leaf portion, and, in addition to having a root crop rising regulating surface inclined forward and downward in the first half of the positioning device, having a substantially horizontal root vegetable rising regulating surface in the rear half of the positioning device. The cutter is disposed substantially in parallel with the root vegetable raising regulation surface in the latter half.

(Action) According to the above configuration, the root vegetable in the field is held between the left and right guide members in the position aligning device in a state where the leaf part is held by the holding / pulling-up / conveying device and hung upward. And moved upward and backward, the height position of the root vegetable main body is aligned by the ascending and restricting action of the left and right guide members, and the leaf portion of the root vegetable whose height is aligned is cut by a cutter, and the root vegetable main body is It falls and is collected.

[0009] At this time, the height adjustment function of the root vegetables in the position aligning device makes the inclination angle different between the first half and the second half, and the root vegetables are suspended and supported substantially vertically by the action of the substantially horizontal root vegetable raising control surface in the second half. The leaves are cut at substantially right angles to the substantially vertical root vegetable main body under the action of a cutter in a state where the heights are aligned and the height is secured.

[0010] In the first half of the positioning device, the action of the root control body inclined forward and downward prevents the problem that the root vegetable body suddenly comes into contact with the rising control surface at the start end, and the root vegetables are raised by gentle relative lifting of the root vegetables. Alignment is performed.

(Effects) Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, by improving the position aligning device, it is possible to suppress the unreasonable upward regulation of root vegetables and to perform smooth and gentle height adjustment. In addition, root vegetables having a uniform height can be collected in a well-cut leaf cutting state without oblique cutting or the like, and a root vegetable harvesting machine excellent in practicality can be configured.

[Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 2]

(Structure) In the root crop harvesting machine according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first aspect, the upper portion of the alignment device for the leaf portion of the root vegetable whose height is aligned by the alignment device is sandwiched. And a leaf cutting / carrying / conveying device for carrying / carrying back and forth.

(Function) According to the above configuration, the height is adjusted by the position aligning device, and the root vegetables are supplied to the cutter while maintaining the aligned height by the leaf cutting and conveying device. The leaf is cut with a cutter between the and the root vegetable body.

(Effect) Therefore, according to the invention according to claim 2, the root vegetables are displaced downward in a state where the root vegetable main body is in a substantially vertical posture and along the substantially horizontal rising regulating surface of the rear half of the alignment device. Eliminating the adverse effects such as, between the root vegetable body supplied to the cutter and the pinching portion of the leaf cutting and pinching and conveying device, it becomes possible to clean the leaf cut with a uniform cut, while providing the effect of the invention of claim 1, It is possible to recover the leaves in a leaf cutting state with almost no uncut leaves.

[Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 3]

(Structure) In the root crop harvesting machine according to the third aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first or second aspect, the opposing working surfaces of the left and right guide members constituting the alignment device are elastically arranged. It is configured to be capable of retreating.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, when the leaf is introduced between the operating surfaces of the left and right guide members in the alignment device to regulate the elevation of the root vegetable main body, the leaf is opposed when the amount of the leaf is small. The working surface properly pinches and guides the leaves, and when the amount of leaves is large, the working surface retreats elastically and does not cause clogging, allowing the leaves to move up and down and smoothing the leaves Guide the pinch.

(Effects) Therefore, according to the third aspect of the present invention, in the process of adjusting the height of the root vegetable main body by the positioning device, the left and right guide members whose working surfaces can be elastically displaced backward are provided on the leaf portion. Since the leaves are appropriately guided and sandwiched regardless of the amount, the height alignment accuracy of the root vegetable main body can be maintained high without causing clogging, and the cutting height accuracy thereafter can be increased.

[Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 4]

(Structure) In a root crop harvesting machine according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, the cutter is configured to be vertically adjustable.

(Function) According to the above configuration, the length of the leaves remaining in the root vegetable main body is changed by adjusting the operating position of the cutter up and down when cutting the root vegetables having the same height. And can be collected in a state where there is almost no uncut leaf portion.

(Effect) Therefore, according to the invention of claim 4, since the length of the leaves to be left in the root vegetable main body can be set arbitrarily and the leaves can be cut accurately at a uniform height, the subsequent post-processing can be performed. Thus, root vegetables can be harvested in a satisfactory and efficient manner in accordance with various conditions such as root vegetable varieties, production areas, post-harvest processing / shipping forms, and the like.

[0024]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a root crop harvesting machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of a front portion thereof. 3, a collection unit 4, a crawler traveling device 5, and a control unit 6.

The pull-out unit 1 is a pair of right and left weeds 7 that scoop up the leaves Wb of the root vegetables W in the field at the front end of the machine.
Is provided, and a nipping / pulling / up conveying device 9 is provided from the rear of the weeding body 7 to the cutter 3 site. It is constituted by a pair of left and right transport belts 11 that are driven.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the transfer device 2 comprises the above-described nipping / pulling-up transfer device 9 and a positioning device A disposed below and below the latter. Is composed of a front alignment device A1 using a pair of left and right transport belts 18 as guide members, and a rear alignment device A2 using a pair of left and right transport chains 15 as guide members.

As shown in FIG.
The left and right conveyor belts 11 are provided with a number of rollers 17 for pressing them in the direction in which they are present to generate a clamping force on the leaves, and from the front end to the front alignment device A1. Conveyor belt front part 11a up to the part corresponding to the front end
In the above, the strength of the urging spring 10a of the rolling wheel 17 is set so that a strong pinching force acts on the leaf portion Wb so as to reliably pull out the root vegetables W in the field, and then, in the rear conveyor belt rear portion 11b on the rear side. Is set so that the urging spring 10b, which is thinner than the spring 10a in the front portion 11a of the transport belt, acts on the rolling wheel 17 so that the leaf Wb has a small clamping force.

The left and right conveyor belts 18 constituting the guide member of the front position aligning device A1 are also constructed so as to be able to urge the inner rolling wheels in the same manner as the above-mentioned conveyor belt 11 to provide a pinching force of the leaf portion Wb. It is configured as follows.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the right and left transport chains 15 constituting the guide member of the rear position aligning device A2 are provided with a bracket 19 integrally with the chain link 13 and, with respect thereto, around a horizontal axis Y. It is configured to have three rollers 14 that are rotatable. Roller 14
Is urged toward the transport path by a spring 16, and the leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W is elastically sandwiched between the left and right rollers 14 facing each other to receive a rearward transfer force.

As shown in FIG.
And the front position aligning device A1 are relatively arranged so that the vertical distance between them becomes larger toward the lower side of the transport, and the front position aligning device A1 and the rear position aligning device A2 are located on the lower side of the transport. Relative to each other such that the vertical distance between them becomes larger as the distance goes, and the inclination angle θ of the holding / pulling / up conveying device 9 to the ground, the angle α between the holding / pulling / up conveying device 9 and the front position aligning device A1, The angle β between the alignment device A1 and the rear alignment device A2 is set so that θ>α> β, and the rear alignment device A2 is installed substantially horizontally.

At the rear position of the rear alignment device A2, a rotary cutter 3 for cutting off the leaves Wb of the root vegetables W is disposed so as to be vertically adjustable, and near the end of the rear alignment device A2. Is provided at a position above the leaf cutting and conveying device B, which picks up and feeds the leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W sent from the rear positioning device A2 to the cutter 3. Is constituted by a pair of left and right transport belts 24.

The main operation of the harvesting operation is as follows. With the advance of the machine body, the leaves Wb of the root vegetables W in the field are picked up by the weeds 7 and are moved between the conveyor belt front portion 11a in the nipping and pulling and conveying device 9. Will be guided to. The leaf portion Wb is nipped by the left and right transport belt front portions 11a with a strong nipping force and lifted rearward and upward, so that the root vegetables W are pulled up from the field, and subsequently the nipping and lifting transport device 9
Belt rear part 11b and front part alignment device A1
Are transported rearward and upward. At this time, the distance between the nipping / pulling-up conveying device 9 and the front position aligning device A1 is increased toward the lower side of the conveying, so that the root vegetable body Wa conveyed gradually approaches the lower surface of the front half of the conveying belt 18. go. Here, the lower surface of the conveyor belt 18 is the root vegetable body W
a functions as an ascending regulation surface for preventing a from further increasing.

When the root vegetables W are transferred to the front position aligning device A1, the same transport as described above is performed between the rear half of the front position aligning device A1 and the rear position aligning device A2. Will be That is, since the distance between the front alignment device A1 and the rear alignment device A2 gradually increases toward the lower side of the transport, the root vegetable body Wa being transported gradually approaches the lower surface of the rear alignment device A2, 14, the upper surface of the root vegetable main body Wa is guided and brought into contact. Here, the lower surface of the roller 14 functions as an ascending regulating surface that prevents the root vegetable body Wa from ascending further.

At the end of the rear position aligning device A 2, the root vegetable main body Wa is in a state where the height is adjusted by the rollers 14, and the root vegetable W is secured to the height adjusted by the leaf cutting and holding device B. To the cutter 3 to cut the leaves Wb.

Incidentally, reference numerals are written in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the attached drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view showing a schematic configuration of a root crop harvesting machine.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a root vegetable transport structure.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a nipping / pulling-up conveyance device and a front position alignment device.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing the alignment device.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a part of the rear alignment device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 3 Cutter 7 Grass plant 9 Nipping pulling and conveying device A Positioning device W Root vegetable Wa Root vegetable body Wb Leaf

Continued on front page (72) Inventor Mikio Okada 64 Ishizukita-cho, Sakai-shi, Osaka, Japan Inside Kubota Sakai Factory (72) Inventor Masaaki Suetsuru 64, Ishizukita-machi, Sakai-shi, Osaka Inside Kubota Sakai Factory ( 72) Inventor Satoshi Ito 64 Ishizu-Kitacho, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Sakai Works Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-60-137207 (JP, A) JP-A-1-34575 (JP, B2) (58) ) Surveyed field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pinch pulling and conveying device (9) for pinching and pulling a leaf portion (Wb) of a root vegetable (W) in a field and suspending and transporting the leaf part upward and rearward, and a root vegetable (W) suspended and transported.
Alignment device (A) for introducing the leaf portion (Wb) between the left and right guide members and regulating the height of the root vegetable body (Wa) while moving the same back, and aligning the height. (A) a cutter (3) acting on the leaves (Wb) of the root vegetables (W) having a uniform height, and a root vegetable rising inclined forward and downward in the first half of the positioning device (A). A regulating surface is provided, and a substantially horizontal root vegetable raising regulating surface is provided in the rear half of the alignment device (A), and the cutter (3) is disposed substantially parallel to the root vegetable raising regulating surface in the rear half. A root crop harvester characterized by the following. 2. A leaf cutter for nipping a leaf (Wb) of the root vegetable (W), the height of which is aligned by the alignment device (A), above the alignment device (A) and nipping and conveying the leaf portion (W) rearward. The root crop harvester according to claim 1, further comprising a transport device (B). 3. The left and right parts of the positioning device (A).
Elastically displaceable the opposing working surface of the guide member
The root crop harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 4. The cutter (3) is vertically adjustable.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein
Root vegetable harvester.