JPH09308345A - Root vegetable-harvesting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the good cut face of the stem and leaves of a root vegetable by inhibiting the stem and leaves from expanding in the longitudinal direction at the relaying zone from the backward conveyer to the upper conveyer (a stem and leaves-cutting conveyer). SOLUTION: This root vegetable harvester comprises a device which pulls out a root vegetable by nipping its stem and leaves, a backward conveyer machine 4 which nips the stem and leaves with a couple of elastic belts 42 and conveys them upward in the backward direction, as the belts 42 hang down the root vegetables and a cutter s which cuts off the stem and leaves. The cutter s is constituted with a cutting conveyer machine 5B which nips again the stem and leaves of a root vegetable sent from the backward conveyer machine 4 and conveys them, as it hangs them down, with a rotary blade 6 which cuts the stem and leaves of the conveyed root vegetable and with a squeezing mechanism D set to the start edge of the cutting conveyer mechanism 5B so as to regulate expansion of the width of the stem and leaves in the conveying direction and narrow them. The squeezing mechanism D is composed of a swingable resisting bar 71, a spring which energizes the resisting bar to the position protruding to the path for conveying the stem and leaves and the resisting bar 71 is made movable backward against the energization.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a root vegetable harvesting machine such as radish and carrot, and more particularly to a technique for more effectively cutting stems and leaves.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As the above technique, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-8781
The one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 9 is known, and the vertical gap between the rear transport device (reference numeral 1) and the alignment transport mechanism (reference numeral 8a) is widened toward the end, and the foliage is clamped in the rear transport device. By setting the force to be relatively weak, there is an advantage that the foliage of the root vegetable pulled up to a predetermined position can be cut in the end portion of the alignment transport mechanism while being aligned with the root portion.

[0003]

In the cutting device according to the prior art, as shown in the above-mentioned publication, the upper and lower carrying mechanisms (reference numeral 8b) and the lower carrying mechanism (reference numeral 8a) are used in both vertical holding states. It can cut stems and leaves stably,
The cutting surface was often slanted, and the tip of the foliage had to be cut off after collection. When pursuing the cause, the foliage tends to spread in the transport direction at the part where the backward transport device transfers to the upper transport mechanism, and the cutting surface becomes slanted because it is transferred to the cutting device in the spread state. Was found.

That is, in the portion to be delivered, once the foliage is unpinched, the foliage is moved from the front foliage in order to be re-pinched by the cutting transport mechanism, resulting in the cutting transport mechanism. In the rear transport mechanism, the foliage tends to spread in the transport direction rather than the sandwiched state. An object of the present invention is to suppress the forward and backward spread of the foliage at the delivery portion from the rear transportation device to the upper transportation mechanism (transporting mechanism for cutting), and to obtain a good foliage cutting surface.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

(Structure) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a rooting device planted in a field, and a pulling device for holding and pulling out the foliage of the root vegetable, and the rooted leaves of the pulled-out root and leaf are sandwiched by a pair of endless rotation bands. In a root vegetable harvester equipped with a rear transport device that transports backward and upward in a hanging posture, and a cutting device that cuts off the foliage of root vegetables from this rear transport device, the cutting device
While being constituted by a cutting transport mechanism for re-holding the foliage of root vegetables sent from the rearward transport device and transporting it by hanging, and a cutting mechanism for cutting the foliage of root vegetables being transported by this cutting transport mechanism. , At the beginning of the cutting transport mechanism,
It is characterized in that a narrowing mechanism for restricting the spread of the foliage in the carrying direction and narrowing the width of the foliage in the carrying direction is provided.

A resistance member capable of swinging the narrowing mechanism about a vertical fulcrum within a predetermined range, and a spring for urging the resistance member to an operating position extended to the foliage conveying path at the starting end of the cutting conveying mechanism. Conveniently, the resistance member is set so as to be able to move backward toward the lower side in the conveying direction against the biasing force thereof.

[Operation] According to the first aspect of the invention, the operation of the narrowing mechanism restricts the spread of the foliage in the carrying direction and the foliage is passed to the cutting carrying mechanism in a narrowed state. The spread in the direction becomes smaller than in the conventional case, and the cut surfaces can be aligned so as not to be in a diagonal cut state such as a horizontal cut surface.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the narrowing mechanism can be constructed with a relatively simple structure in which the resistance member for biasing the spring return is provided at the position overhanging the foliage conveying path.

[Effect] In the root vegetable harvester according to claim 1, the cutting surfaces of the foliage can be aligned in a straight state, and the finishing cutting step can be omitted. You can now do.

In the root vegetable harvesting machine according to the second aspect, there is an advantage that the narrowing-down mechanism having the above-mentioned effect can be constructed at a low cost.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 3 show a radish harvester, which is an example of root vegetables, A is a withdrawal harvesting section, B is a collecting section,
C is a running unit. The traveling unit C includes a body 9 having a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices 8, a control tower 10, and a driver's seat 1.
1, a prime mover 12 such as an engine, a mission 13, a workbench 14 and the like.

The pulling and harvesting section A is a pulling device 1 for raising the foliage of the radish in the ground, an earth cutting blade 2 for making a cut in the ground on the side of the root vegetables, and a root for pulling the root vegetables from the ground by grasping the foliage. A device 3, a rear transport device 4 for sending the extracted root vegetables upward and backward,
A pulling frame F is equipped with a cutting device s including an aligning / conveying device 5 for picking up the foliage and conveying it backward and a cutting mechanism 6 for cutting the foliage, and a foliage conveying device h for carrying the cut foliage outside the machine. Has been done. The collecting unit B is composed of a lateral conveying device 7 that receives and laterally feeds root vegetables whose foliage has been cut off, a plurality of radish collecting containers 15 placed on a work table 14, and the like.

The outline of the harvesting action of this radish harvesting machine will be described. As the machine body 9 advances, the raising device 1 raises the foliage to the standing state, and the soil cutting blade 2 is used to bring it to the ground on the side of the radish. Make cuts to facilitate withdrawal. In that state, the pulling device 3 sandwiches the foliage and pulls it obliquely upward, and the rear transport device 4 transports the radish rearward and upward in the hanging posture with the foliage sandwiched, and the alignment transport mechanism 5 starts halfway. The stems and leaves are picked up again and the root (top surface) of the root vegetable is pulled up and aligned so as to come into contact with the transport mechanism 5. In the aligned state, the cutting mechanism 6 cuts the foliage, and further conveys the leaves rearward so that the lower part of the root vegetable comes into contact with the rotating roller 57 to lie in a recumbent posture, and then delivers it to the transverse conveying device 7. Workers on the workbench 14 collect the transported root vegetables in the container 15 one after another. Next, the structure of each part will be described in detail.

About the pulling and harvesting section A. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, in the raising device 1, a chain 17 having a plurality of undulating locking claws (projections) 16 is wound around upper and lower sprockets 18 and 19 having an axis P in the left-right direction. A pair of left and right vertical rotation type lifting mechanisms 1A, 1A
And a pair of left and right lateral rotation type uplifting mechanisms 1B and 1B formed by winding a rubber belt 21 integrally formed with a plurality of protrusions 20 around upper and lower wheels 22 and 23 having a longitudinal axis Q. It is configured. In each of the raising mechanisms 1A and 1B, the upper sprocket 18 and the pulley 22 are both configured on the drive side.

In the vertical rotation type pulling mechanism 1A, the plastic locking claw 16 projects only when it is located on the front side,
At other positions, it is housed in a posture along the chain 17 and accommodated in the vertical casing 1a, and is structurally well known in combine and the like. Further, a weeding tool 24 projecting forward is provided below the vertical casing 1a. The horizontal casing 1b that supports the horizontal turning-up raising mechanism 1B is integrated with the raising frame 1f, and the vertical turning-up raising mechanism 1A is attached to the raising frame 1f.
Is mounted so that it can be adjusted up and down within a predetermined range.

That is, a height adjusting bolt 26 whose bottom surface is raised and abuts against the frame 1f is provided on the top of a stay 25 having a U-shaped cross section, which is erected from the upper portion of the vertical casing 1a, and a lock bolt 27 is provided on the side of the stay. And a lock bolt 2 which is vertically slidable even under the vertical casing 1a.
8 is provided. That is, the height adjusting bolt 26 is operated to determine the relative height position between the vertical rotation type raising mechanism 1A and the horizontal rotation type raising mechanism 1B, and then the upper and lower lock bolts 2 are moved.
7 and 28 are tightened and fixed relative to each other.

The pulling device 1 as a whole is pulled out by a frame F.
On the other hand, it is also configured to be adjustable up and down within a predetermined range.
As shown in FIG. 4, a parallel link mechanism constituted by connecting the pulling up frame 1f and the pulling out frame F with a pair of upper and lower links 29, 30 and a vertical adjusting mechanism 32 having a crank handle 31 are provided. is there. A rotating rod 33 pivotally supported on the pull-out frame F side so as to be vertically swingable and a fixed cylinder 34 pivotally supported on the pull-up frame 1f side so as to be vertically swingable are screwed together. The relative height of the raising device 1 can be adjusted by a manual rotation operation.

As shown in FIG. 14, the laterally rotating type lifting mechanism 1B has left and right protrusions 20 and 20 (left and right rubber belts 2).
1, 21) are arranged relative to each other such that the left-right space between them becomes wider toward the upper side. That is, the left and right protrusions 20, 20 slightly overlap at the lower end, and the left and right protrusions 20, 20 at the upper end.
20 is tilted to the left and right so that the raised foliage can easily come out between the widened left and right projections 20, 20 in the upper part of the mechanism.

The soil cutting blade 2 is, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8,
It is provided at the tip of a cutting blade frame 38 that can swing up and down at a second fulcrum Y at the front of the machine body 9 so as to be able to vibrate in the front-back direction. That is, while supporting the support member 2a that supports the soil cutting blade 2 at the tip of the cutting blade frame 38 at the third fulcrum Z,
A hydraulic motor 39 attached to the cutting blade frame 38 and a rear end portion of the support member 2a are linked and linked by a link 40. The link 40 is fitted to the motor shaft by an eccentric cam structure having an eccentric cam 41.
With the rotation of 9, the soil cutting blade 2 vibrates in small steps, and promotes the cut forming action in the ground.

As shown in FIG. 9, the pulling-out device 3 is composed of a pair of left and right elastic belts 42, 42 which are arranged to face each other in a rearwardly tilted posture. It is pulled out from the ground, and the stems and leaves are sandwiched and conveyed in a hanging posture in the backward and upward direction.
That is, the front portion of the pair of elastic belts 42, 42 constitutes the pulling device 3, and the rear portion thereof constitutes the rear transport device 4. As a material of the elastic belt 42, rubber, sponge, or the like can be considered.

The elastic belt 42 includes front and rear wheels 43, 44.
In addition to the above, a large number of intermediate wheel bodies 45 are provided, and the respective biasing mechanisms 46 composed of a winding spring and a swing arm press the left and right intermediate wheel bodies 45 against each other. The clamping force by 42 can be applied even at a partial portion in the longitudinal direction of the belt 42. Therefore,
Even if there is a change in the volume of the foliage, a reliable pulling action and a backward transport function can be obtained. Further, a stalk-and-leaves scraping rotor 47 is attached to the shaft of each front wheel 43.

Further, as shown in FIG. 12, the front wheel body 43 is also L
The urging mechanism 46 consisting of a letter-link and a spring is configured to urge the left and right ones against each other so that a reliable clamping force can be exerted from the transport start point in response to a change in the volume of root vegetables. There is. The urging force of the urging mechanism 46 is set to be strong enough to pull out the radish from the ground at the front part of the elastic belt 42, but is relatively weak at the rear part to withstand hanging and carrying. It is set.

As shown in FIG. 10, the alignment transport mechanism 5 comprises a lower transport mechanism 5A and an upper transport mechanism 5B. The radish sent from the rear transport device 4 is returned to a state suitable for the cutting mechanism 6. Are to be transported. Lower transport mechanism 5A
Is an elastic belt 51 wound around the front and rear wheels 48, 49 and a plurality of intermediate wheels 50, and a pair of left and right wheels are arranged to face each other. The front wheel 48 and the intermediate wheel 50 are provided with a biasing mechanism 52 including a winding spring and a swing arm.
The left and right things are pressed and urged by A and 52B in a direction in which they approach each other. This urging force is weakened in the front part of the aligning and conveying mechanism 5, and allows the backward conveying device 4 to slip through the foliage by the upward conveying direction component.

That is, the holding force of the lower carrying mechanism 5A is made weaker than the holding force of the rear carrying device 4, and the lower carrying mechanism 5 is used.
By providing an angle difference θ between A and the rear transfer device 4 (see FIG. 1), the radish transferred by the alignment transfer mechanism 5 is
The main body is arranged in a posture in which the elastic belt (corresponding to an endless rotation band) of the lower conveyance mechanism 5A is in contact with the lower surface of 51. After the positions are aligned, the elastic belts 42, 42, which are the rearward conveying device 4, and the foliage slide and move, so that the posture of the radish suitable for cutting is maintained. In order to change the radish from the hanging posture to the recumbent posture, the lower transport mechanism 5A is extended rearward to a position located above the horizontal transport device 7.

The structure of the lower transport mechanism 5A will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
0, as shown in FIG. 12, the front roller 48 is supported by the tip of a substantially "L" -shaped swing link 66 which is swingable around a fulcrum V1 provided in the middle portion. By urging 66 by a spring 67 disposed on the base side thereof, the urging mechanism 52A is capable of pressing and urging in a direction approaching the front wheel 48 on the other side, and reversing and displacing against the urging force. Is configured. The intermediate ring member 50 is supported by the tip of a swinging link 68 of a substantially "<" shape which is swingable around a fulcrum V2 provided in the middle portion, and the swinging link 68 is arranged at the base side. A biasing mechanism 52B that is configured to be biased by the spring 69 so as to approach the intermediate roller 50 on the opposite side and capable of reversing displacement against the biasing force is configured.

The rear transport device 4 also includes the above-mentioned urging mechanism 52.
Intermediate roller 4 for urging the elastic belt 42 in the same structure as B
Five. Both the rear transport device 4 and the lower transport mechanism 5A have a clamping force capable of slipping through without cutting the foliage,
Moreover, the gripping force of the elastic belts 42, 42 is set to be stronger than the gripping force of the elastic belts 51, 51, and the radish is generated when both the rear conveying device 4 and the lower conveying mechanism 5A act on the foliage. The foliage and the elastic belt 42 slide after the radish main body comes into contact with the elastic belt 51 by sliding up and approaching the lower transport mechanism 5A.

The upper transport mechanism 5B also includes the front and rear wheels 5.
A pair of left and right belts 55 wound around 3, 54 are arranged so as to face each other, and the relatively upper part of the foliage of the radish from the rear carrier 4 is clamped and conveyed. The cutting mechanism 6 is composed of a cutter blade 56 that rotates about the vertical axis W, and is arranged between the lower conveyance mechanism 5A and the upper conveyance mechanism 5B in the vertical direction and in the front-rear direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, the foliage is cut while the root vegetable body is in contact with the elastic belt 52 and the top and bottom of the foliage are firmly held.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a narrowing mechanism D for restricting and narrowing the spread of the foliage in the carrying direction is provided at the starting end of the upper carrying mechanism 5B corresponding to the cutting carrying mechanism. That is, the squeezing mechanism D urges the resistance member 71 capable of swinging about the vertical fulcrum d within a predetermined range, and the operation position where the resistance member 71 is extended to the foliage conveying path at the starting end of the upper conveying mechanism 5B. The spring 72 and the stopper 73 that keeps the resistance member 71 in the operating position.

Conventionally, when the radish is transferred from the rear transfer device 4 to the upper transfer mechanism 5B, the foliage is spread toward the lower side (rear side) in the transfer direction and is clamped between the pair of belts 55, and the upper part of the foliage is advanced. In this state, the cutting mechanism 6 cuts the product, and as a result, the cut end was slanted. That is, the foliage was cut in the state shown in FIG.

However, in the present invention, the elastic belt 42 is used.
The forward spread of the foliage between the belt 55 and the belt 55 is regulated by the resistance member 71, and the resistance member 71 is moved backward while being pushed and expanded against the front biasing force. The state in which the fore and aft width of the foliage is narrower than the sandwiched state (see FIG. 11A) [FIG.
(See (b) and (c)], and the sheet is sandwiched by the upper transport mechanism 5B. Therefore, the cutting mechanism 6 can cut the foliage in a state that it is gathered in the front and back, and the cuts can be aligned in a horizontal state.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 16, the lateral conveying device 7 includes a rotating roller 57 having an elastic ring such as a sponge on the outer periphery thereof, and a belt conveyor 58 for feeding the radish left and right by a belt or a number of driving rollers. And are supported by the extraction frame F. That is, the lower transport mechanism 5
The lower part of the radish carried by A hits the rotating roller 57 to change from the hanging position to the rearward tilting position, and since the lower conveyance mechanism 5A is no longer pinched, the foliage is moved backward at the beginning of the belt conveyor 58. Will be changed to a recumbent posture. Then, while the radish in the recumbent posture is laterally fed from the left side of the machine to the right side by the belt conveyor 58, the auxiliary worker sequentially collects the radish in the container 15 on the work table 14. That is, the belt conveyor 58, which is a lateral feed mechanism, corresponds to the receiving surface U on which the radish from which the foliage has been cut is placed in a recumbent posture and received and placed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lift arm 59 driven by the hydraulic lifting cylinder 61 and the extraction frame F are interlockingly connected via the connection link 60, and the extraction frame F and the cutting edge frame are connected. 38 and 38 are interlockingly connected via a turnbuckle 62. The distance between the connection point R2 at the upper part of the turnbuckle 62 and the first rocking fulcrum X and the connection point R2 at the lower part of the turnbuckle 62 and the cutting rocker frame 38 and the second rocking fulcrum Y. Is sufficiently short, the unequal side link mechanism is configured such that the amount of vertical movement of the cutting blade frame 38 is significantly larger than the amount of vertical movement of the extraction frame F. Therefore, when the raising / lowering cylinder 61 is extended and the extraction frame F is raised from the work posture (see FIG. 1) in which the soil cutting blade 2 is located deep in the soil, the cutting blade frame 38 is further raised, and the soil is removed. Non-working posture in which the lower end of the cutting blade 2 has sufficiently floated above ground (see Fig. 2)
It is configured so that

The transmission system will be briefly described. The engine power is input to the transmission 13 and transmitted to the crawler traveling device 8. At the same time, the counter pulley 35, the first transmission shaft 36, and the second transmission shaft 36 at the first swing fulcrum X are transmitted from the input shaft 13a. It is transmitted to the pulling and harvesting section A via the transmission shaft 37. From the second transmission shaft 37,
It is transmitted to the drive shaft 64 for the vertical rotation type raising mechanism 1A and the drive shafts 65, 65 for the horizontal rotation type raising mechanism 1B via the distribution interlocking mechanism 63, and is also pulled out via the interlocking chain 80. 3 is transmitted to the rear wheel body 44. The upper and lower intermediate shafts 81 driven by the interlocking chain 80 and the wheel body 49 on the rear side of the lower transport mechanism 5A are interlocked via three first, second, and third chains 82, 83, 84. Along with this, the shared shaft 85 of the second and third chains 83 and 84 drives the upper transport mechanism 5B and the foliage transport device h, and the left first chain 82 drives the cutter shaft 56a of the cutting device 6. . The cutter blade 56 may be arranged on the right side and driven by the first chain 82 on the right side.

[Other Embodiments] Intermediate wheel 50 and front wheel 4
8 may be configured to be slidably moved so that it can be biased and retracted.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Figure 1] Side view of radish harvester

FIG. 2 is a side view of the radish harvester with the pull-out harvesting part floating above ground.

[Figure 3] Plan view of the radish harvester

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the structure of the raising device.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the structure of the raising device.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an up-and-down adjusting structure of a vertically rotating type pulling mechanism.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing the drive structure of the soil cutting blade.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a soil cutting blade.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a pulling device and a rear transport device.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the structure of a position alignment conveyance device.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the operation of the narrowing mechanism.

FIG. 12 is a view showing a sandwiching action of a lower transport mechanism.

FIG. 13 is a view showing a drawing action of a drawing device.

FIG. 14 is a front view showing the structure of a lateral rotation type withdrawal mechanism.

FIG. 15 is a front view showing a cutting state of foliage.

FIG. 16 is a conversion action diagram of a radish from a hanging posture to a recumbent posture.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Pulling Device 4 Rear Conveying Device 5B Cutting Conveying Mechanism 6 Cutting Mechanism 42 Endless Rotating Band 71 Resistance Member 72 Spring s Cutting Device d Support Point D Narrowing Mechanism

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Minoru Sanno 1 Satonosawa, Sanbongi, Towada City, Aomori 259 Sasaki Corporation Co., Ltd. (72) Hiroyuki Chiba 64 Ishizu Kitamachi, Sakai City, Osaka Kubota Sakai Manufacturing Co., Ltd. In-house (72) Inventor Hironobu Higashi 64 Ishizukita-machi, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Sakai Factory

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A pulling device for pulling out a root vegetable planted in a field by sandwiching its stems and leaves, and a rearward upward direction in a suspended posture in which the stems and leaves of the extracted root vegetable are sandwiched by a pair of left and right endless rotation bands. A rear transport device for transporting, and a root vegetable harvester equipped with a cutting device for cutting off the roots and leaves of the root vegetable from the rear transport device, wherein the cutting device is the root and foliage of the root vegetable sent from the rear transport device. It is composed of a cutting transport mechanism that re-sandwiches and hangs it, and a cutting mechanism that cuts the foliage of the root vegetables that is transported by this cutting transport mechanism, and at the beginning of the cutting transport mechanism, the foliage transport A root vegetable harvester provided with a narrowing mechanism that restricts the spread in the direction to narrow the width of the foliage in the conveying direction. 2. The narrowing mechanism is provided with a resistance member capable of swinging about a vertical fulcrum within a predetermined range, and an operation position where the resistance member is extended to a foliage conveying path at a starting end of the cutting conveying mechanism. The root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, further comprising: a biasing spring, wherein the resistance member is set so as to be capable of retracting and displacing to the lower side in the transport direction against the biasing force thereof.