JPH09308346A - Root vegetable-pulling out structure in root vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a root vegetable-harvesting part which can pull out root vegetable from the ground as it secures the sufficient approach angle without lifting the pulling out harvesting part unnecessarily. SOLUTION: This radish harvester is equipped with the harvesting zone for pulling out root vegetables from the ground (A) comprising a device 3 which pulls out a radish grown in the crop field by nipping its stem and leaves, a backward conveyer 4 which conveys the pulled out radishes backward and a cutter 6 which cuts off the stem and leaves of radishes conveyed backward and with a soil-cutting blade 2 which cuts the soil to form a gap on the ground near the radish. The pull out harvesting zone (A) is made vertically swingable around the first fulcrum X and the soil-cutting blade 2 is made vertically swingable around the second fulcrum Y and they are interlockingly connected so that the soil-cutting blade vertically swings as it tunes with the vertical swing motion of the pull out harvesting zone (A). Further, an interlocking mechanism D is installed so that the vertical swing of the soil cutting blade 2 is made larger than that of the front part of the pull out harvesting zone.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a root vegetable harvesting machine such as radish and carrot, and more particularly to a technique for collapsing soil on the side of root vegetables so that the root vegetables can be efficiently withdrawn from the ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method of softening the surrounding soil by breaking down the soil prior to the extraction of root vegetables, the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-59427 is known, and the root vegetables are cut into the soil from the side. The excavated claw is swung back and forth in small steps.

[0003]

The above-mentioned excavation claws are in a state of jumping out and projecting downward during harvesting work, and the excavation claws should be sufficiently floated above the ground during non-work such as traveling. is necessary. Since the excavating claw has a structure that rocks and rises integrally with the pulling-out harvesting part, it rises more than necessary for the pulling-out harvesting part in order to sufficiently float the excavating claw to the ground to obtain a sufficient approach angle. It is possible to do so, or to give up a sufficient approach angle and eliminate the unnecessary lifting operation by lifting the pulling and harvesting unit to the minimum extent necessary for the excavation claw to float above the ground.

Conventionally, the latter of the above-mentioned two types of means has been set, so that the excavated claw may come into contact with the ground during traveling traveling on a rough road surface. On the other hand, if the former method is adopted, the pulling and harvesting section will be considerably high, which will be unsatisfactory in terms of aircraft balance, and there is room for improvement by either method. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to obtain a plucking harvesting unit that can secure a sufficient approach angle without unnecessarily raising the plucking harvesting unit.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

[Configuration] The characteristic configuration of the present invention is a root vegetable planted in a field, a pulling device that pulls out the stems and leaves by sandwiching the stems and leaves, a backward conveying device that sends the pulled-out root vegetable backwards, and a stem of the root vegetable that is fed backward. It is equipped with a withdrawal harvesting unit consisting of a cutting device for excision, and a soil cutting blade that cuts into the ground on the side of the root vegetables planted in the field, and the withdrawal harvesting unit is provided at the rear around the first fulcrum in the horizontal direction. The earth cutting blade is configured so that it can be swung up and down, and that the soil cutting blade can be swung up and down around a left and right second fulcrum provided at the rear portion thereof, and the soil cutting blade is synchronized with the swing up and down movement of the pulling and harvesting section. In addition to providing an interlocking mechanism that interlocks in a state of swinging up and down, the interlocking mechanism is configured such that the up and down amount of the soil cutting blade is larger than the up and down amount of the front part of the extraction and harvesting section. It is in.

In the above-mentioned characteristic structure, in front of the pulling device, a plurality of protrusions are rotatably moved about an axis in the left-right direction to raise stems and leaves of root vegetables in the ground, and a plurality of protrusions. It is convenient to provide a lateral rotation type raising mechanism for rotating and moving the stem about the axis in the front-rear direction to raise the foliage of root vegetables in the ground.

Further, it is convenient if the interlocking mechanism is provided with a function capable of adjusting the relative height positions of the pulling and harvesting section and the soil cutting blade.

[Operation] According to the structure of claim 1, the soil cutting blade moves up and down in the soil more than the up and down amount in front of the extraction harvesting unit due to the function of the interlocking mechanism. It is possible to make the pulling-out harvesting part sufficiently lifted up from the work posture that cuts into the body to a state where a sufficient approach angle is taken with respect to the pulling-out harvesting part. Therefore, as in the past, it is necessary to lift the plucking harvester more than necessary in order to obtain a sufficient approach angle, or to solve the problem that the approach angle is insufficient if the plucking harvester is lifted appropriately. ,
It is possible to obtain a sufficient approach angle while raising the pulling and harvesting unit by an appropriate amount.

According to the structure of claim 2, the following action is added to the above action. That is, since the raising mechanism is equipped with both the vertical rotation type and the horizontal rotation type, it is possible to raise the foliage that has spread in all directions in the front, back, left and right. As a result, loss of grip of the foliage in the pulling device is eliminated, and the pulling force effectively acts to reliably pull out the root vegetables from the ground, and there is also a possibility that the missed foliage may be clogged with other mechanical devices. It will be eliminated and it will be advantageous for the subsequent process.

Referring to FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, the vertical rotation type raising mechanism 1A favorably raises the foliage in the C and G directions, and approximately raises the foliage in the B, D, F and H directions. However, the foliage in the A and E directions can hardly be raised. On the contrary, the lateral rotation type raising mechanism 1B satisfactorily raises the foliage in the A and E directions, and can approximately raise the foliage in the B, D, F, and H directions, but the foliage in the C and G directions. Almost impossible to cause. Therefore, by operating both the raising mechanisms 1A and 1B, the foliage that has fallen in any of the directions A to H can be raised.

According to the third aspect of the invention, since the relative height positions of the pulling and harvesting section and the soil cutting blade can be adjusted, the distance in the height direction between the foliage pinching position and the root root lower end is the field or variety. You will be able to deal with different things. For example, in the case of a large root vegetable, the relative vertical distance between the extraction harvesting section and the soil cutting blade is set to be large, and in the case of a small root vegetable, the relative vertical distance between the extraction harvesting section and the soil cutting blade is reduced.
Further, it is possible to cope with the difference in the amount of protrusion of the root vegetables above the ground.

[Effects] In the root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, (a) a relatively small amount of lifting and raising a sufficient approach with a soil cutting blade that contributes to the extraction of root vegetables, aiming at the extraction and harvesting section. It was possible to realize a plucking and harvesting part structure that provided an angle.

In addition to the above effect (a), the root vegetable harvester according to the second aspect can (b) cause foliage extending in any direction without leaving, and contribute to better root vegetable extraction without losing grip. It was possible to provide a plucking harvester structure with advantages.

In the root vegetable harvester according to claim 3, (c)
Depending on the variety of root vegetables and the growth condition depending on the field, the convenience of being able to fine-tune the relative position of the extraction harvesting section and the soil cutting blade is added.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show a radish harvester, in which A is a withdrawal harvesting unit, B is a collecting unit, and C is a traveling unit.
The traveling unit C includes a machine body 9 including a pair of right and left crawler traveling devices 8, a control tower 10, a driver's seat 11, a driving unit 12 such as an engine, a mission 13, a workbench 14, and the like.

The pulling and harvesting section A is a pulling device 1 for raising the foliage of the radish in the ground, an earth cutting blade 2 for making a cut in the ground on the side of the root vegetables, and a root vegetable for grasping the foliage and pulling out the root vegetables from the ground. A device 3, a rear transport device 4 for sending the extracted root vegetables upward and backward,
The pull-out frame F is equipped with an aligning and conveying device 5 for picking up the foliage and conveying it backward, a cutting device 6 for cutting the foliage, a foliage conveying device h for conveying the cut foliage to the outside of the machine. The collecting unit B is composed of a lateral conveying device 7 that receives and laterally feeds root vegetables whose foliage has been cut off, a plurality of radish collecting containers 15 placed on a work table 14, and the like.

The outline of the harvesting action of this radish harvesting machine will be described. As the machine body 9 advances, the raising device 1 raises the foliage to the standing state, and the soil cutting blade 2 is used to bring it to the ground on the side of the radish. Make cuts to facilitate withdrawal. In that state, the pulling device 3 sandwiches the foliage and pulls it obliquely upward, and the rear transport device 4 transports the radish rearward and upward in a hanging posture with the foliage sandwiched, and the alignment transport device 5 starts halfway. The stems and leaves are picked up again and the root of the root vegetables (upper surface) is pulled up and aligned so as to come into contact with the transport device 5. In the aligned state, the cutting device 6 cuts the foliage, and further conveys it backward so that the lower part of the root vegetable comes into contact with the rotating roller 57 to be in a recumbent posture and then handed over to the transverse conveying device 7. Workers on the workbench 14 collect the transported root vegetables in the container 15 one after another. Next, the structure of each part will be described in detail.

Regarding the pulling and harvesting section A. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, in the raising device 1, a chain 17 having a plurality of undulating locking claws (projections) 16 is wound around upper and lower sprockets 18 and 19 having an axis P in the left-right direction. A pair of left and right vertical rotation type lifting mechanisms 1A, 1A
And a pair of left and right lateral rotation type uplifting mechanisms 1B and 1B formed by winding a rubber belt 21 integrally formed with a plurality of protrusions 20 around upper and lower wheels 22 and 23 having a longitudinal axis Q. It is configured. In each of the raising mechanisms 1A and 1B, the upper sprocket 18 and the pulley 22 are both configured on the drive side.

In the vertical rotation type raising mechanism 1A, the plastic locking claw 16 is projected only when it is located on the front side,
At other positions, it is housed in a posture along the chain 17 and accommodated in the vertical casing 1a, and is structurally well known in combine and the like. Further, a weeding tool 24 projecting forward is provided below the vertical casing 1a. The horizontal casing 1b that supports the horizontal turning-up raising mechanism 1B is integrated with the raising frame 1f, and the vertical turning-up raising mechanism 1A is attached to the raising frame 1f.
Is mounted so that it can be adjusted up and down within a predetermined range.

That is, a height adjusting bolt 26 whose bottom surface is raised and abuts against the frame 1f is provided on the top of a stay 25 which is erected from the upper portion of the vertical casing 1a, and a lock bolt 27 is provided on the side of the stay. And a lock bolt 2 which is vertically slidable even under the vertical casing 1a.
8 is provided. That is, the height adjusting bolt 26 is operated to determine the relative height position between the vertical rotation type raising mechanism 1A and the horizontal rotation type raising mechanism 1B, and then the upper and lower lock bolts 2 are moved.
7 and 28 are tightened and fixed relative to each other.

Further, the pulling device 1 as a whole is pulled out of the frame F.
On the other hand, it is also configured to be adjustable up and down within a predetermined range.
As shown in FIG. 4, a parallel link mechanism constituted by connecting the pulling up frame 1f and the pulling out frame F with a pair of upper and lower links 29, 30 and a vertical adjusting mechanism 32 having a crank handle 31 are provided. is there. A rotating rod 33 pivotally supported on the pull-out frame F side so as to be vertically swingable and a fixed cylinder 34 pivotally supported on the pull-up frame 1f side so as to be vertically swingable are screwed together. The relative height of the raising device 1 can be adjusted by a manual rotation operation.

As shown in FIG. 11, the laterally rotating type lifting mechanism 1B has left and right protrusions 20, 20 (left and right rubber belts 2).
1, 21) are arranged relative to each other such that the left-right space between them becomes wider toward the upper side. That is, the left and right protrusions 20, 20 slightly overlap at the lower end, and the left and right protrusions 20, 20 at the upper end.
20 is tilted to the left and right so that the raised foliage can easily come out between the widened left and right projections 20, 20 in the upper part of the mechanism.

The soil cutting blade 2 is, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8,
It is provided at the tip of a cutting blade frame 38 that can swing up and down at a second fulcrum Y at the front of the machine body 9 so as to be able to vibrate in the front-back direction. That is, while supporting the support member 2a that supports the soil cutting blade 2 at the tip of the cutting blade frame 38 at the third fulcrum Z,
A hydraulic motor 39 attached to the cutting blade frame 38 and a rear end portion of the support member 2a are linked and linked by a link 40. The link 40 is fitted to the motor shaft by an eccentric cam structure having an eccentric cam 41.
With the rotation of 9, the soil cutting blade 2 vibrates in small steps, and promotes the cut forming action in the ground.

As shown in FIG. 9, the pulling-out device 3 is composed of a pair of left and right elastic belts 42, 42 which are arranged to face each other in a rearwardly tilted posture. It is pulled out from the ground, and the stems and leaves are sandwiched and conveyed in a hanging posture in the backward and upward direction.
That is, the front portion of the pair of elastic belts 42, 42 constitutes the pulling device 3, and the rear portion thereof constitutes the rear transport device 4. As a material of the elastic belt 42, rubber, sponge, or the like can be considered.

The elastic belt 42 includes front and rear wheels 43, 44.
In addition to the above, a large number of intermediate wheel bodies 45 are provided, and the respective biasing mechanisms 46 composed of a winding spring and a swing arm press the left and right intermediate wheel bodies 45 against each other. The clamping force by 42 can be applied even at a partial portion in the longitudinal direction of the belt 42. Therefore,
Even if there is a change in the volume of the foliage, a reliable pulling action and a backward transport function can be obtained. Further, a stalk-and-leaves scraping rotor 47 is attached to the shaft of each front wheel 43. The urging force of the urging mechanism 46 is set to be strong enough to pull out the radish from the ground at the front part of the elastic belt 42, but is relatively weak at the rear part to withstand hanging and carrying. It is set.

As shown in FIG. 10, the alignment transport device 5 comprises a lower transport mechanism 5A and an upper transport mechanism 5B. The radish sent from the rear transport device 4 is returned to a state suitable for the cutting device 6. Are to be transported. Lower transport mechanism 5A
Is an elastic belt 51 wound around the front and rear wheels 48, 49 and a plurality of intermediate wheels 50, and a pair of left and right wheels are arranged to face each other. The front wheel 48 and the intermediate wheel 50 are provided with a biasing mechanism 52 including a winding spring and a swing arm.
The left and right things are pressed and urged toward each other by the. This biasing force is weakened in the front part of the aligning and conveying device 5, and allows the backward conveying device 4 to slip through the foliage due to the upward conveying direction component.

That is, the holding force of the lower carrying mechanism 5A is made weaker than the holding force of the rear carrying device 4, and the lower carrying mechanism 5 is used.
By providing the angle difference θ between A and the rear transfer device 4 (see FIG. 1), the radish transferred by the alignment transfer device 5 is
The main body is arranged in a position in contact with the elastic belt 51 of the lower transport mechanism 5A. In order to change the radish from the suspended posture to the recumbent posture, the lower transport mechanism 5A is provided with the horizontal transport device 7
It is extended rearward to a position above.

The upper transport mechanism 5B also includes the front and rear wheels 5.
A pair of left and right belts 55 wound around 3, 54 are arranged so as to face each other, and the relatively upper part of the foliage of the radish from the rear carrier 4 is clamped and conveyed. The cutting device 6 is composed of a cutter blade 56 that rotates about a vertical axis W, and is arranged between the lower conveyance mechanism 5A and the upper conveyance mechanism 5B in the vertical direction and in the front-rear direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, the foliage is cut while the root vegetable body is in contact with the elastic belt 52 and the top and bottom of the foliage are firmly held.

As shown in FIG. 13, the lateral conveying device 7 has a rotating roller 57 having an elastic ring such as sponge on the outer periphery thereof.
And a belt conveyor 58 that feeds the radish to the left and right with a belt, a large number of drive rollers, etc., both of which are supported by the pull-out frame F. That is, the radish carried by the lower transport mechanism 5A is changed from the hanging posture to the rearward leaning posture by hitting the lower portion of the radish with the rotating roller 57, and then the lower transport mechanism 5A is no longer pinched, so that the belt conveyor 58 is lifted. At the beginning, the foliage is changed to a recumbent posture, with the leaves facing backward. Then, while the radish in the recumbent posture is laterally fed from the left side to the right side of the machine by the belt conveyor 58,
The auxiliary worker sequentially collects the radish in the container 15 on the workbench 14.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a lift arm 59 driven by a hydraulic lifting cylinder 61 and an extraction frame F are interlockingly connected via a connection link 60, and the extraction frame F and the cutting edge frame are connected. 38 and 38 are interlockingly connected via a turnbuckle 62. The distance between the connection point R2 at the upper part of the turnbuckle 62 and the first rocking fulcrum X and the connection point R2 at the lower part of the turnbuckle 62 and the cutting rocker frame 38 and the second rocking fulcrum Y. Is sufficiently short, the unequal side link mechanism is configured such that the amount of vertical movement of the cutting blade frame 38 is significantly larger than the amount of vertical movement of the extraction frame F.

Therefore, when the raising / lowering cylinder 61 is extended and the pulling-out frame F is raised from the working posture (see FIG. 1) in which the soil cutting blade 2 is located deep in the soil, the cutting blade frame 38 is further raised. Thus, the lower end of the soil cutting blade 2 is configured to be in a non-working posture (see FIG. 2) in which the soil cutting blade 2 is sufficiently floated above the ground. In other words, by the positional relationship between the first and second fulcrums X and Y and the turnbuckle 62, the soil cutting blade 2 is swingably moved up and down in synchronization with the swinging up and down movement of the pulling and harvesting section A, and is also pulled out. The interlocking mechanism D is configured so that the vertical movement amount of the soil cutting blade 2 is larger than the vertical movement amount of the front part of the harvesting section A.

The transmission system will be briefly described. The engine power is input to the transmission 13 and transmitted to the crawler traveling device 8, and at the same time, the counter pulley 35 at the first swinging fulcrum X, the first transmission shaft 36, and the second transmission shaft 13a are transmitted from the input shaft 13a. It is transmitted to the pulling and harvesting section A via the transmission shaft 37. From the second transmission shaft 37,
It is transmitted to the drive shaft 64 for the vertical rotation type raising mechanism 1A and the drive shafts 65, 65 for the horizontal rotation type raising mechanism 1B via the distribution interlocking mechanism 63, and is also pulled out via the interlocking chain 80. 3 is transmitted to the rear wheel body 44. The upper and lower intermediate shafts 81 driven by the interlocking chain 80 and the wheel body 49 on the rear side of the lower transport mechanism 5A are interlocked via three first, second, and third chains 82, 83, 84. Along with this, the shared shaft 85 of the second and third chains 83 and 84 drives the upper transport mechanism 5B and the foliage transport device h, and the left first chain 82 drives the cutter shaft 56a of the cutting device 6. . The cutter blade 56 may be arranged on the right side and driven by the first chain 82 on the right side.

[Other Embodiment] The interlocking mechanism D may have a structure as shown in FIG. That is, the extraction frame F and the cutting blade frame 38 are used as the same fulcrum, and the lift arm 59A having a long arm length and the lift arm 59B having a short arm length are simultaneously operated by the lifting cylinder 61, and the cutting blade frame is operated by the long lift arm 59A. 38, and the pull-out frame F is moved up and down by the short lift arm 59B. Even with this structure, the lifting cylinder 61
The cutting blade frame 38 has a larger vertical movement amount due to the expansion and contraction movement, and the work state of FIG. 16A and the moving traveling state of FIG. 16B can be switched by an appropriate vertical movement amount of the extraction frame F. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

[Figure 1] Side view of radish harvester

FIG. 2 is a side view of the radish harvester with the pull-out harvesting part floating above ground.

[Figure 3] Plan view of the radish harvester

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the structure of the raising device.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the structure of the raising device.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an up-and-down adjusting structure of a vertically rotating type pulling mechanism.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing the drive structure of the soil cutting blade.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a soil cutting blade.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a pulling device and a rear transport device.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the structure of a position alignment conveyance device.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing the structure of a lateral rotation type withdrawal mechanism.

FIG. 12 is a front view showing a cutting state of foliage.

FIG. 13 is a conversion action diagram of a radish from a hanging posture to a recumbent posture.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing the operation of the raising device.

FIG. 15 is a model diagram showing the spread of foliage.

FIG. 16 is a partial side view showing an elevating structure of a pullout portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1A Vertical rotation type raising mechanism 1B Horizontal rotation type conveying mechanism 2 Soil cutting blade 3 Extracting device 4 Rearward conveying device 6 Cutting device 16 Projection A Extraction harvesting part D Interlocking mechanism X 1st fulcrum Y 2nd fulcrum P Left and right center Q Axis

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Minoru Sannohe 1 Satonosawa, Sanbongi, Towada City, Aomori Prefecture 259 Sasaki Corporation Co., Ltd. (72) Hiroyuki Chiba 64, Ishizu Kitamachi, Sakai City, Osaka Kubo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor, Satoshi Ito 64 Ishizukita-cho, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Sakai Factory

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pulling device for pulling out the root vegetables planted in the field by sandwiching the foliage, a backward conveying device for feeding the pulled root vegetables backward, and a cutting device for cutting off the foliage of the root vegetables fed backward. It is equipped with a pulling and harvesting section consisting of and a soil cutting blade that cuts into the ground on the side of the root vegetables planted in the field, and the pulling and harvesting section can be oscillated up and down around the first fulcrum in the rear direction provided on the rear side In addition, the soil cutting blade is configured to be capable of swinging up and down around a second fulcrum provided in the rear portion in the left-right direction, and the soil cutting blade swings in synchronization with swinging up and down of the pulling and harvesting unit. While providing an interlocking mechanism for interlocking connection in a state of moving up and down, the interlocking mechanism is more than the amount of elevation of the front part of the extraction harvesting unit,
A pulling and harvesting part structure of a root vegetable harvesting machine configured such that the amount of lifting and lowering of the soil cutting blade is larger. 2. A vertical rotation type raising mechanism for raising the roots and leaves of the root vegetables in the ground by rotating and moving the plurality of protrusions around the axis in the left-right direction in front of the extracting device, and the plurality of protrusions fore and aft. The pull-out harvesting part structure of the root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, further comprising a lateral rotation type raising mechanism for rotating and moving about the axis of the direction to raise the foliage of the root vegetable in the ground. 3. The extraction of a root vegetable harvester according to claim 1, wherein the interlocking mechanism is provided with a function that enables adjustment of a relative height position between the extraction harvesting section and the soil cutting blade. Harvesting department structure.