JPH0553420U - Harvesting unit structure of a harvester for root vegetables - Google Patents
Harvesting unit structure of a harvester for root vegetablesInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0553420U JPH0553420U JP10642391U JP10642391U JPH0553420U JP H0553420 U JPH0553420 U JP H0553420U JP 10642391 U JP10642391 U JP 10642391U JP 10642391 U JP10642391 U JP 10642391U JP H0553420 U JPH0553420 U JP H0553420U
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pulling
- root vegetable
- root
- leaf
- root vegetables
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 根菜類の人為収穫作業は、腰を曲げた姿勢で
根菜を圃場から引き抜く重労働であるため、極力機械化
された根菜類用収穫機を実現して提供させる。
【構成】 後上り傾斜状態で対向配置して駆動される左
右一対の搬送ベルト11,11により、根菜の葉部を挟
持して該根菜を地中から引き抜きつつ上方に引き上げる
引抜き部1を設けるとともに、この引抜き部1の前位置
に、引抜き前の根菜葉部に引上げ作用を与えて該根菜葉
部の姿勢を強制的に起立状態にする引上げ装置0を設け
る。
(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] Since the manual harvesting work of root vegetables is a heavy labor to pull out the root vegetables from the field in a bent posture, a mechanical harvester for root vegetables is realized and provided as much as possible. [Structure] With a pair of left and right conveyor belts 11 and 11 driven oppositely in a rearwardly inclined state, a leaf pull-out portion 1 is provided for holding a leaf portion of a root vegetable and pulling the root vegetable upward while pulling the root vegetable from the ground. A pulling device 0 is provided at a position in front of the pulling-out portion 1 so as to pull up the root vegetable leaf portion before the pulling-out so that the posture of the root vegetable leaf portion is forcibly raised.
Description
【0001】[0001]
本考案は、人参や大根といった根菜類の収穫作業を機械化させる技術に関する ものである。 The present invention relates to a technique for mechanizing the work of harvesting root vegetables such as carrots and radish.
【0002】[0002]
従来、根菜類の収穫作業は、圃場に埋まっている根菜を1本づつ手で引き抜い てから包丁で葉を切り落とすという人為作業で賄われていた。 Conventionally, the work of harvesting root vegetables has been performed manually by pulling out the root vegetables buried in the field one by one and then cutting off the leaves with a kitchen knife.
【0003】[0003]
根菜類の人為収穫作業は、腰を曲げた姿勢で根菜を圃場から引き抜くという重 労働になるため、機械化された根菜収穫機の実現が望まれていた。大規模圃場で は切実な課題である。 本考案は、根菜の地中からの引抜き作業の機械化が図れた根菜類用収穫機を実 現して提供するものである。 Since the manual harvesting of root vegetables is a laborious task of pulling the root vegetables out of the field with a bent posture, realization of a mechanized root vegetable harvester was desired. It is an urgent issue in large-scale fields. The present invention is intended to realize and provide a root vegetable harvesting machine in which the work of extracting root vegetables from the ground is mechanized.
【0004】[0004]
上記目的の達成のために本考案は、後上り傾斜状態で対向配置して駆動される 左右一対の無端回動帯により、根菜の葉部を挟持して該根菜を地中から引き抜き つつ上方に引き上げる引抜き部を設けるとともに、この引抜き部の前位置に、引 き抜き前の根菜葉部に引上げ作用を与えて該根菜葉部の姿勢を強制的に起立状態 にする引上げ装置を装備して根菜類用収穫機を構成することを特徴とするもので ある。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a pair of left and right endless swivel belts that are driven to face each other in a rearwardly inclined state so that the root portion of a root vegetable is pinched and the root vegetable is pulled upward from the ground. In addition to providing a pulling-out section for pulling up, the root vegetable is equipped with a pulling-up device in front of this pulling-out section that exerts a pulling action on the root vegetable leaf portion before pulling-out to forcibly raise the posture of the root vegetable leaf portion. It is characterized by constituting a kind harvester.
【0005】[0005]
上記特徴構成は、根菜類ではその葉部が地上に突出していることに着目し、そ の葉部を挟持して引き上げ力を与える引抜き部の機能により、地中にある根菜の 引き抜き作業を機械化させる考えに基づくものである。 しかしながら、根菜の多数の葉部が真っ直ぐ上空に向けて起立していることは 稀であり、周囲に分散し、かつ、倒伏した状態であることが殆どであるため、そ のままでは引抜き部での葉部挟持作用を発揮させることが困難である。 そこで本考案では、引き抜き前の根菜葉部に引上げ作用を与えて該根菜葉部の 姿勢を強制的に起立状態にする引上げ装置を引抜き部の前に装備してあるから、 根菜の葉部は起立した状態で引抜き部に向かうことになって引抜き部での葉部の 挟持作用を確実に発揮できるようになり、葉部を挟持できないとか、少数の葉部 のみ挟持しての引上げによって葉部が折損する等によって引抜き作業が機能しな いということがない。 The above-mentioned characteristic configuration focuses on the fact that the roots of root vegetables project above the ground, and the function of the extraction unit that clamps the leaves and gives a pulling force mechanically extracts the root vegetables in the ground. It is based on the idea of However, it is rare for many leaves of root vegetables to stand straight up in the sky, and most of them are scattered around and fallen down. It is difficult to exert the leaf pinching action. In view of this, in the present invention, since the pulling device is provided in front of the pulling-out portion, the pulling-up device is provided in front of the pulling-out portion to exert a pulling action on the root vegetable leaf portion before pulling out to forcibly raise the posture of the root vegetable leaf part. By standing upright toward the extraction part, it becomes possible to reliably exert the pinching action of the leaf part at the extraction part, and it is not possible to pinch the leaf part, or the leaf part is lifted by pinching only a few leaf parts. There is no case that the pulling out work does not work due to breakage of the.
【0006】[0006]
従って、葉部の存在を利用しての引抜き部と、葉部の姿勢状況を把握しての引 上げ装置とを備える構造工夫により、引抜きミスが生じ難い状態で引抜き作業の 機械化が図れ、収穫能率向上に寄与し得ながら労力を軽減することができた。 Therefore, by using a structural device equipped with a pull-out section that utilizes the existence of the leaf section and a pull-up device that grasps the posture of the leaf section, mechanization of the pulling operation can be achieved in a state where pulling mistakes are unlikely to occur, and the harvesting can be achieved. We were able to reduce labor while contributing to improved efficiency.
【0007】[0007]
以下に、本考案の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。 図 に本考案による根菜類用収穫機が、図5にその前部の平面図が夫々示され 、0は引上げ装置、1は引抜き部、2は搬送装置、3は葉切り装置、4は収穫部 、5はクローラ走行装置、6は操縦部である。 引上げ装置0は、多数の係止爪18付きのベルト19を、左右方向、及び上下 方向に傾斜した軸心を持つ上下の輪体20,20に巻回して成る係止搬送機構2 1の対で構成され、その左右一対の係止搬送機構21,21の間隔を、上側に行 くに従って狭くなるように配設してある。尚、7は分草具である。 引抜き部1は、係止搬送機構21の直後部位と葉切り装置3部位とに亘るコン ベヤ式の挟持コンベヤ装置9を装備して構成されている。挟持コンベヤ装置9は 、後上り傾斜姿勢で対向配置して駆動される左右一対の搬送ベルト11,11で 構成されている。 搬送装置2は、前述した挟持コンベヤ装置9と、搬送ベルト11の下方に配置 される左右一対のガイド機構12,12とから構成され、根菜葉部の下部を一対 のガイド機構12,12間で誘導案内しながら、葉部の上部を一対の搬送ベルト 11,11の駆動によって挟持移送することにより、引抜き部から送られてくる 根菜を後方に搬送する機能を持っている。 ガイド機構12は図2、図3に示すように、チェンリンク13毎に横軸心Y周 りに回動自在なローラ14が装備されたローラベルト15で構成されている。ロ ーラ14は、バネ16によって外方に向けての付勢力が発生可能な状態でチェン リンク13に取付けられ、従って、根菜の葉部は対向する左右のローラ14,1 4で挟持されての後方移送力を受けるのであり、その移送速度は、搬送ベルト1 1による速度とほぼ同じである。そして、搬送ベルト11とガイド機構12との 上下間隔を、搬送方向下手側に行くほど広くなるように、ガイド機構12の後上 がり傾斜角度を挟持コンベヤ装置9よりも緩いものに設定してある。 図4に示すように、左右の搬送ベルト11,11には、これらを互いの存在方 向に押圧して葉部の挟持力を発生させるための多数の転輪17が設けられ、前端 部からガイド機構12前端に相当する部位までの搬送ベルト前部11aにおいて は、地中の根菜を引き抜きするべく強い挟持力が作用するように転輪17のスプ リング8の強さを設定し、かつ、それから後側の搬送ベルト後部11bにおいて は葉部の挟持力を、搬送ベルト前部11aにおけるスプリング8よりも細いスプ リング10の採用によって弱いものに設定してある。 ガイド機構12の後方位置には、回転カッター14で根菜の葉部を切り落とす 葉切り装置3が配置されている。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 5 shows a root vegetable harvester according to the present invention, and Fig. 5 is a plan view of the front part thereof. 0 is a pulling device, 1 is a pulling unit, 2 is a conveying device, 3 is a leaf cutting device, and 4 is a harvesting device. A part 5, a crawler traveling device, and a control part 6 are provided. The pulling device 0 includes a pair of locking and transporting mechanisms 21 each of which is formed by winding a belt 19 having a large number of locking claws 18 around upper and lower wheels 20 and 20 having axes inclined in the left-right direction and the vertical direction. The pair of left and right locking and transporting mechanisms 21 and 21 are arranged so that the distance between them becomes narrower toward the upper side. In addition, 7 is a weeding tool. The pulling-out section 1 is equipped with a conveyor type sandwiching conveyor device 9 extending immediately after the locking and conveying mechanism 21 and the site of the leaf cutting device 3. The sandwiching conveyor device 9 is composed of a pair of left and right conveyor belts 11 and 11 which are driven while facing each other in a rearwardly inclined posture. The transport device 2 is composed of the above-mentioned sandwiching conveyor device 9 and a pair of left and right guide mechanisms 12 and 12 arranged below the transport belt 11, and the lower part of the root and vegetable leaf part is provided between the pair of guide mechanisms 12 and 12. By guiding and guiding the upper part of the leaf part by driving a pair of conveyor belts 11 and 11, it has a function of conveying the root vegetables sent from the pulling part backward. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the guide mechanism 12 is composed of a roller belt 15 provided with a roller 14 that is rotatable around the horizontal axis Y for each chain link 13. The roller 14 is attached to the chain link 13 in a state in which a spring 16 can generate an outward biasing force, so that the leaves of the root vegetables are sandwiched between the left and right rollers 14 and 14 facing each other. The rearward transfer force of the conveyor belt 11 is received, and the transfer speed thereof is almost the same as the speed of the conveyor belt 11. Further, the vertical distance between the conveyor belt 11 and the guide mechanism 12 is set to be wider than the sandwiching conveyor device 9 so that the rearward inclination angle of the guide mechanism 12 becomes wider toward the lower side in the conveying direction. . As shown in FIG. 4, the left and right conveyor belts 11 and 11 are provided with a large number of rolling wheels 17 for pressing the conveyor belts 11 and 11 in the directions in which they are present to generate a leaf-holding force. In the front portion 11a of the conveyor belt up to the portion corresponding to the front end of the guide mechanism 12, the strength of the spring 8 of the rolling wheel 17 is set so that a strong clamping force acts to pull out the root vegetables in the ground, and Then, in the rear portion of the rear conveyor belt 11b, the gripping force of the leaf portion is set to be weak by using a spring 10 which is thinner than the spring 8 in the front portion 11a of the conveyor belt. At the rear position of the guide mechanism 12, a leaf cutting device 3 that cuts off the leaves of the root vegetables with a rotary cutter 14 is arranged.
【0008】 収穫作業の主要作用を述べると、図1に示すように、引上げ装置0で周囲に倒 伏して分散する葉部を引起こして起立姿勢に揃え、その起立して揃った状態の葉 部を搬送ベルト前部11aによる強い挟持力でもって挟持して後方上方に持ち上 げることにより、地中にある根菜を引き抜き、次いで、搬送ベルト後部11bと ガイド機構12とによる搬送力で根菜を後方上方に移送するのであるが、ガイド 機構12の傾斜が緩いので、次第に根菜本体の上面がローラ14に接近し、ガイ ド機構12後部ではローラ14に根菜本体上面が接当した接触搬送状態になる。 それから以後では、搬送ベルト後部11bの弱い挟持力により、後方への搬送力 は根菜に伝達しつつ葉部の下方へのすり抜け移動が許容されることにより、搬送 ベルト11の終端では、必ず根菜はその上面がローラ14に接当した搬送状態に なり、次に控える葉切り装置3に対する一定姿勢及び位置を維持するようになる のである。 ところで、ギヤ状に形成された回転体の複数を、上記実施例の係止搬送機構2 1のように正面視でハ字状に並べて引上げ装置0を構成しても良い。The main operation of the harvesting work will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the pulling device 0 raises the leaf portions that lie down and disperse and aligns them in an upright posture, and the leaves in the upright and aligned state. The root part in the ground is pulled out by sandwiching the part with a strong gripping force by the front part 11a of the conveyor belt and lifting it upward and rearward, and then the root vegetables by the rear part 11b of the conveyor belt and the guide mechanism 12. However, since the guide mechanism 12 has a gentle inclination, the upper surface of the root vegetable main body gradually approaches the roller 14, and the roller 14 is contacted with the upper surface of the root vegetable main body at the rear of the guide mechanism 12 in a contact conveyance state. become. After that, since the rearward conveying force is transmitted to the root vegetables due to the weak clamping force of the rear portion 11b of the conveyor belt, the leaves are allowed to slip through downward. The upper surface thereof is brought into contact with the roller 14 to be in a transporting state, and a constant posture and position with respect to the leaf cutting device 3 to be withheld next is maintained. By the way, the pulling device 0 may be configured by arranging a plurality of gear-shaped rotating bodies in a V-shape in a front view like the locking and conveying mechanism 21 of the above embodiment.
【0009】 尚、実用新案登録請求の範囲の項に図面との対照を便利にする為に符号を記す が、該記入により本考案は添付図面の構成に限定されるものではない。It should be noted that reference numerals are added to the claims of the utility model for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the accompanying drawings by the entry.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]
【図1】収穫機前部の正面図Figure 1: Front view of the front of the harvester
【図2】搬送装置部分の横断面図FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a transfer device portion.
【図3】ローラ付きチェンの構造を示す部分側面図FIG. 3 is a partial side view showing the structure of a chain with rollers.
【図4】挟持コンベヤ装置の構造を示す平面図FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the structure of a sandwich conveyor device.
【図5】収穫機前部の構造を示す平面図FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the structure of the front part of the harvester.
【図6】根菜類用収穫機の側面図[Figure 6] Side view of a harvester for root vegetables
0 引上げ装置 1 引抜部 11 無端回動帯 0 Pulling device 1 Pulling part 11 Endless rotation band
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)考案者 岡田 幹夫 大阪府堺市石津北町64番地 株式会社クボ タ堺製造所内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Mikio Okada 64 Ishizukitamachi, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Sakai Factory
Claims (1)
る左右一対の無端回動帯(11),(11)により、根
菜の葉部を挟持して該根菜を地中から引き抜きつつ上方
に引き上げる引抜き部(1)を設けるとともに、この引
抜き部(1)の前位置に、引き抜き前の根菜葉部に引上
げ作用を与えて該根菜葉部の姿勢を強制的に起立状態に
する引上げ装置(0)を装備してある根菜類用収穫機の
収穫部構造。1. A pair of left and right endless rotation bands (11), (11) driven oppositely in a rearwardly inclined state, grips a leaf portion of a root vegetable and pulls the root vegetable upward from the ground. A pulling-out device (1) is provided for pulling up the root vegetable and the pulling-out device (1) is provided in front of the pulling-out portion (1) to exert a pulling action on the root vegetable leaf portion before pulling it out to forcibly bring the posture of the root vegetable leaf portion to a standing state. Harvesting part structure of a root vegetable harvester equipped with (0).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP10642391U JPH0553420U (en) | 1991-12-25 | 1991-12-25 | Harvesting unit structure of a harvester for root vegetables |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP10642391U JPH0553420U (en) | 1991-12-25 | 1991-12-25 | Harvesting unit structure of a harvester for root vegetables |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0553420U true JPH0553420U (en) | 1993-07-20 |
Family
ID=14433257
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP10642391U Pending JPH0553420U (en) | 1991-12-25 | 1991-12-25 | Harvesting unit structure of a harvester for root vegetables |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH0553420U (en) |
-
1991
- 1991-12-25 JP JP10642391U patent/JPH0553420U/en active Pending
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