JPH05227845A - Promotion of rooting in cutting of plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the rooting ratio of a plant difficult in cutting and to improve the taking root ratio of the transplanted cutting by using a specified solution as the basal bed for cutting, immersing a cutting of the plant in the above-mentioned solution and aerating the solution. CONSTITUTION:The basal part (1 to 10cm) of a cutting of a plant is immersed in a solution containing 0.5 to 3mg/l auxin-related plant hormone (e.g. naphthaleneacetic acid or indoleacetic acid) and exhibiting pH 5 to 7.5 and 500 to 3000muS/cm conductivity and the above-mentioned solution is subsequently aerated preferably so as to constantly maintain >=90% saturated amount of dissolved oxygen. Thereby, rooting of the cutting of the plant can be promoted. In addition, the above-mentioned treatment is recommendably carried out for 1 to 3 months while controlling the temperature of the cutting place, the humidity of the cutting place and the temperature of the basal bed respectively to 15 to 35 deg.C, 40 to 100% and 10 to 35 deg.C.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for promoting rooting of cuttings of plants, and more specifically, a plant which has a high rooting rate of cuttings and a high survival rate after transplanting and which is difficult to cut. The present invention relates to a method for multiplying (trees / herbs) by cuttings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are sexual and asexual breeding methods for growing plants. The sexual breeding method is a breeding method using seeds,
The asexual breeding method is classified into grafting, cutting, picking, and stock splitting.

The characteristic of the sexual breeding method is that it is possible to grow a large amount at a time, but it is not only difficult to obtain plants having the same traits (characteristics) as the parents, but also the seedlings grow to the seedling age. It cannot be done, and moreover, it cannot grow on a plant that does not bear seeds.

On the other hand, the feature of the asexual breeding method is that a plant having the same trait as the parent can be propagated. The grafting method is widely and practically used in vegetable seedling production (curry, melon, pumpkin, etc.). In the case of woody plants, they are used for fruit trees (apples, pears, chestnuts, etc.), but in the field of forestry, not only are there many technically difficult tree species, but they also take a long time to grow. It is only used for harvesting, or for orchards, or for research purposes.

Propagation by cuttings is used for chrysanthemums in the field of horticulture. In the field of forestry, seedlings are obtained by this method in the case of tree species with extremely good rooting, but the rooting rate is still 70% in the case of cedar and 60% in the case of cypress. It is desired to develop a method for increasing the root rate.

[0006] The method of collecting trees and dividing stocks is carried out for special tree species in which cuttings are difficult, but has a drawback that the reproductive efficiency is extremely poor. Next, a conventional technique of the Sasaki method will be described.

(1) There are mineral materials such as cutting wood base floor sand, gravel, and volcanic gravel and fibrous materials such as rock wool, but they are difficult to proliferate, control methods, breeding methods after proliferating (transplanting, continuing), etc. It is selected and used by. However, because the condition of the underground part of the cuttings is not visible for both mineral and fiber materials, it is not possible to know how much rooting is progressing, and there is a major drawback that it is necessary to take a close look at the situation observation. is there. Furthermore, there is a big drawback that the seedling yield is reduced because the operation is carried out under the condition that various bacteria easily propagate.

(2) Timing of cuttings In many deciduous broad-leaved trees, it is common for spring buds before the opening of winter buds. In addition, spring and autumn ceremonies such as cedar and cypress are performed, but rooting is good when the new shoots start to swell to rice grain size. On the other hand, Hiba can root during the growing season. Furthermore, the evergreen broad-leaved tree has new leaves,
The hard rainy season and the following periods are good.

(3) Locations of cuttings Since cuttings taken from old trees tend to have poor rooting, cuttings other than long shoots of young trees are used as cuttings. The area of picking is not constant, but it is recommended to take a length of about 40 cm near the center of the crown. As for cuttings, generally only the first-year branches (blue-green) are used, but from afforestation trees to the first-year branches with a little second-year parts attached (blue-green) or the third-year branches. Use the attached one (red). The bluish green is 20 cm inside and outside (the bark at the cut is green), and the red bluish is 30-40.
The length of cm (the bark of the cut part is brown) is used (Forestry business must-have 3rd edition Asakura Shoten 1987).

(4) Oxines such as the plant hormones indoleacetic acid (IAA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and indolebutyric acid (IBA) have been used as promoters for promoting rooting . As a method of use, a method of immersing the base of cuttings in a hormone solution (5 to 100 ppm) for several hours,
There is a method in which it is mixed with a viscous substance such as talc and attached to the base. Furthermore, although a base treatment with sugars and other chemicals and a method for suppressing transpiration from the cuttings have been tried, a method for decisively increasing rooting rate and seedling yield is still known. Not not.

(5) Number of days until rooting after cutting trees The number of days from when the cuttings are placed on the base bed to when they can be planted in seedling fields, greenhouses, etc. vary depending on the tree species, but are about 2-4. It takes a long time for a month, and during this time, it takes a great deal of human power and attention to manage the cutting wooden base.

As described above, the method of using a mineral material or a fibrous material as a base bed for cuttings is not only difficult to manage but also has a shortage of oxygen and nutrients until rooting is possible after rooting. The root rot of cuttings and the like occur, and the rooting rate decreases, and the survival rate after planting also deteriorates. Therefore, the development of a more effective cutting tree multiplication method is desired.

[0013]

[PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION] It is intended to improve the rooting rate of cuttings to improve the survival rate after transplanting, and to provide a novel method for propagating plants (woods, herbs) in which cuttings are difficult. To aim.

[0014]

The present invention has a pH of 5.0.
~ 7.5, electric conductivity is 500 ~ 3000μS / cm,
In addition, 0.5 to 3 mg / l of auxin plant hormone
It is a method for accelerating rooting of cuttings of plants, which comprises immersing the base of cuttings of the plant in water containing the solution for 1 to 10 cm and then aerating the solution.

If the pH is lower than 5.0 or higher than 7.5, the growth of plants is poor, which is not preferable. If the electric conductivity is less than 500 μS / cm, the growth of the plant is inferior.
When it exceeds 0 μS / cm, a concentration disorder appears, which is not preferable. Oxine-based plant hormone is 0.5 mg /
If it is less than 1, the rooting effect is small, and if it exceeds 3 mg / l, damage tends to occur, which is not preferable. If the water depth of cuttings is less than 1 cm, the cuttings may go out in the air, and if it exceeds 10 cm, there is a waste of aeration. When the dissolved oxygen amount is less than 90% of the saturated amount, the cuttings rot and the rooting ability is deteriorated, which is not preferable.

The size of the container varies depending on the number of cuttings to be made, tree species, etc., but a container having a depth of about 5 to 15 cm is used. Then, water is put in it, and in order to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, air, oxygen, or ozone which also has a bactericidal effect, or even one of these mixed gases is sent, and the dissolved oxygen in the water is always present. Concentration of saturated amount of 90-10
Keep it at 0%. Further, a rooting promoter such as an auxin-based plant hormone and a salt such as sodium chloride, magnesium chloride or calcium chloride are added to the water so as to have a constant concentration, to form a base bed. The base of the cuttings is dipped here and rooted in an atmosphere of a certain temperature range.

The present invention will be described in detail below. Plant coniferous and broad-leaved tree species are used as woody plants. For example, as conifers, cedar, cypress, juniper, metasequoia, larch, pine,
Examples include ginkgo biloba, yew, kaisekibuki, spruce pine, spruce, sardine and the like. Further, as broad-leaved trees, Japanese cedars, azaleas, rowan, roses, hemilis, doronoki, willows, hydrangea, privet, ume, camphor, kaido, maple, raspberry, chestnut, sycamore, wisteria, lilac, etc. Can be given. In addition, chrysanthemums, carnations, kyokyo, cosmos, salvia, dahlia, veconia, and maritime herbs.
Many plants are available, including Gordes, Gentians, and primroses.

[0018] If the container is stored the cuttings container water material, but does not matter the size or the like as long as it can keep the water dissolved oxygen near saturation, keeping the air humidity, the temperature by the execution location of the cuttings Therefore, it is necessary to attach a transparent lid-like cover.

[0019] sodium chloride cuttings based floor tap water or ion-exchanged water, calcium chloride, added salts such as chloride magnesium, the electrical conductivity of the solution from 500 to 300
0 μS / cm (measured with a conductivity meter (CM-20S) manufactured by Toa Denpa Kogyo) and an acidity (pH) of 5 to 7.5 (pH meter manufactured by Toa Denpa Kogyo (HM-5ES)) Measurement) and add a rooting accelerator.

Rooting promoters The plant hormone auxins are used. Naphthaleneacetic acid (N
AA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), indolebutyric acid (IBA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4
-D) and these derivatives are used and the concentration is 0.5
Change within the range of ~ 3ppm depending on the type of cuttings and the situation after cuttings.

Ventilation method Any pump can be used as long as it can send air, and a pipe is introduced from the air outlet to the base of the cutting wood to be ejected to increase the amount of oxygen contained in the water. It is necessary to ventilate the amount of dissolved oxygen in water so as to always maintain 90% or more of the saturated amount (measured with a water quality checker (WQC-2A) manufactured by Toa Denpa Kogyo).

When the cuttings are carried out It can be done all year round regardless of the season if it is stored in a refrigerator or the like and the cutting conditions are adjusted, but the most preferable period is from late June to late July. is there.

The condition of cuttings is not limited to length and thickness,
Those having a length of 5 to 10 cm and a thickness of 2 to 10 mm are the best. And it is necessary that the cuttings have at least one bud capable of extending after cutting. The cutting site for cuttings is
It may be either a part containing the apical shoots of the current year branch (tenshizashi) or a part not containing this (tube cutting).

Rooting method The base of cuttings is soaked in the base bed for 1 to 10 cm and cultivated for 1 to 3 months. During this period, the temperature of the cuttings shall be 15-35 ℃, the humidity shall be 40-100%, and the water temperature of the base floor shall be 10-35 ℃. Like this in the base floor
After 3 months of training, there are differences between tree species, but roots occur after callus formation. After that, when it becomes possible to transplant to a medium such as soil or Kanuma soil, there is a difference between tree species, but with early tree species The ground part begins to grow in about half a month.

[0025]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. Example 1 Plant : Scutellaria japonicus growing on the premises of Forest Tree Breeding Research Institute was used. Cutting period : late June Cutting condition : 10 cm in length, including the part containing the apical shoots of the branch that grew this year and the part not containing it (tube cutting)
It was cut into pieces and used, and 5 cm of its base was immersed in water. Sawing tree container : 20 cm long, 30 cm wide, and 10 cm deep, made of foam styrene. Sashiki base bed : Using 3 liters of ion-exchanged water per container, as shown in Table 1, 1N aqueous solution of sodium chloride as added salts was added thereto in an amount of 6.4 cc, 10.8 cc, 24.0.
cc, 51.9 cc, 76.3 cc, 87.3 cc plus electrical conductivity of 300, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 3500 μS /
As a result of cm, the acidity (pH) of the base bed was 6 to 7. IBA was used as a rooting accelerator, and its concentration was 1.5 mg so that it would be 0.5 ppm when cutting wood was used.
(0.5 mg / l) was added and the same amount of I was added every 10 days thereafter.
BA was added twice. And on the 40th day after cutting, 2p
6 mg (2 mg / l) IBA to reach pm concentration
Was added twice more every 10 days. still,
1N magnesium chloride and 1N calcium chloride solution were used instead of 1N sodium chloride solution, and the concentration of IBA was 1.0ppm instead of 0.5ppm, and 2p
The case of 3 ppm instead of pm was also performed.

Aeration method : A vinyl tube having an inner diameter of 6 mm is used from the outlet of the air pump having an air supply rate of 5 liters / min.
An air stone (10 cm in length) for breeding goldfish was attached to the tip of the vinyl tube, and air was evenly supplied to the 8 containers (600 cc per container). Results : As shown in Tables 1 to 3 and FIG. 1, at the time after 1.5 months of cuttings, the ones that had been subjected to awning, pipe cutting, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and magnesium chloride were used. Then, the electric conductivity was 500 to 3000 μS / cm, and about 90% of all the hormone concentrations were rooted and ready to be transplanted to the next medium. In addition, in FIG. 1, the one on the right end uses only water as the medium and no rooting was observed. Transplantation : One month after transplanting to soil, 100% survival and the above-ground part began to grow. (See Figure 2)

[0027]

[Table 1]

[0028]

[Table 2]

[0029]

[Table 3]

Example 2 With respect to the Astragalus rhododendron growing on the premises of the Forest Tree Breeding Research Institute, Experiment Nos. 2 to 5 (addition of 1N sodium chloride), Experiments No. 8 to 11 (addition of calcium chloride), Experiment No. When 14 to 17 (with 1N magnesium chloride added) and the same base bed were used and cuttings were carried out under the same conditions as in the case of Aspergillus niger, a result with a rooting rate of 85% was obtained.

Example 3 With respect to the metasequoia grown on the premises of the Forest Tree Breeding Research Institute, Experiment Nos. 2 to 5 (addition of 1N sodium chloride), Experiments No. 8 to 11 (addition of calcium chloride), Experiment No. When 14 to 17 (1N magnesium chloride was added) and the same base bed were used and cuttings were carried out under the same conditions as in the case of Aspergillus niger, a result with a rooting rate of 90% was obtained.

Comparative Example Cuttings were propagated by the conventional method on Scutellaria japonica, Astragalus edulis and Metasequoia. In this case, cuttings are carried out in late June, and the cutting condition is 10 cm in length for the part that contains the apical shoots of the branches that have grown this year (tenshizashi) and the part that does not contain this (tube cutting). Used by cutting, Example 1
It is the same as the one described in ~ 3, but the base of the cuttings is inserted into the volcanic cliff by 5 cm. It was put on this base bed and irrigated once a day in a simple vinyl frame outside to manage.

After 120 days, the rooting rate was examined, and the results showed that, as shown in Table 4, the rooting rate was lower than that of the method according to the present invention described in Examples 1 to 3. Also, now
It has not grown to a condition where it can be transferred to the next medium. Generally, the transplanting method results in a survival rate of about 50%, and the cutting method using water as the base bed is an extremely efficient and effective cutting method.

[0034]

[Table 4]

[0035]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it has become possible to improve the growth of plants in which cuttings are difficult, that is, the rooting rate by cuttings and the survival rate after transplanting.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows the state of rooting of Aspergillus niger at the time of 1.5 months of cuttings in Example 1, and the one on the right side shows the one using water alone as a medium for comparison.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the state after 1 month from transplanting rooted boxwood on the left side of FIG. 1 to soil.

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] June 29, 1992

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0028

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0028]

[Table 2]

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0029

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0029]

[Table 3] ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] December 22, 1992

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Brief description of the drawing

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a photograph on the left side showing the rooting state of Scutellaria japonica at the time of 1.5 months of cuttings in Example 1, and the one on the right side is a photograph showing only water as a medium for comparison.

FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the state after 1 month from transplanting rooted boxwood on the left side of FIG. 1 to soil.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pH of 5.0 to 7.5 and an electric conductivity of 5.
It is characterized in that the base of the cuttings of a plant is submerged in water for 1 to 10 cm in a solution containing 0 to 3000 μS / cm and 0.5 to 3 mg / l of an auxin plant hormone, and then aerated in the solution. A method for promoting rooting of cuttings of plants.