CN107371775A - A kind of method of Chinese ash cuttage and seedling culture - Google Patents
A kind of method of Chinese ash cuttage and seedling culture Download PDFInfo
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- CN107371775A CN107371775A CN201710845499.XA CN201710845499A CN107371775A CN 107371775 A CN107371775 A CN 107371775A CN 201710845499 A CN201710845499 A CN 201710845499A CN 107371775 A CN107371775 A CN 107371775A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/02—Treatment of plants with carbon dioxide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of Chinese ash cuttage and seedling culture, it is characterised in that including following aspect：（1）Presprouting of seeds, Chinese ash seed is distinguished into activated, plant ash clear liquid immersion and constant temperature vernalization；（2）Nurse young plants in hothouses, using loess and farm manure mixing laying nursery box, nursed young plants in hothouses, adjust carbon dioxide and pressure intensity parameter；（3）Cuttage seeding culture, it is elite stand to choose the age of tree in the Chinese ash of 46 years, intercepts a diameter of 0.5 0.8cm, the cuttage branch that length is 8 12cm, immerses constant temperature in growth-promoting root solution and soaks；（4）Grafting, stock root is combined with scion branch, then using growth-promoting root spray solution healing position, and wrapped up using preservative film；（5）Second incubation, grafting twig is reentered into N6 nutrient solutions and carries out second incubation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese ash seedling cultivation technology field, and in particular to a kind of method of Chinese ash cuttage and seedling culture.
Background technology
Chinese ash, Oleaceae, ash field deciduous trees, Chinese ash plant sprouting ability is strong, and material reason is logical straight, and growth is rapidly, soft
Softening hard masses are tough, can be compiled into it is various use articles for daily use, and bark can be used for medicinal purpose, and its florescence is generally the 4-5 months, and fruiting period is typically in 7-
September；Chinese ash has extensive distribution in China's the South and the North, and its is adaptable, and cultivating and growing scope is wide.Chinese ash can be used for
Put wax insect production Chinese wax in a suitable place to breed, its is wooden tough and tensile to be widely used as in the materials such as furniture, farm implements and glued board, and Chinese ash trunk
Tall and straight, flourishing, autumn leaves is orange, has higher ornamental value, is widely used as garden, Afforestation Tree Species on Road use, its
With higher economic value and ornamental value.The mating system of Chinese ash is divided into seed sowing and cuttage and seedling culture method, wherein
For its percentage of seedgermination of seed growing method in 50%-70%, germination percentage is low, and growth cycle is grown, and planting cost is high, disease and insect resistance
Ability is relatively weak；And cuttage and seedling culture method is used, it is lateral root that cuttage bar culture posterior end, which is taken root, does not have main root after transplanting
System, root system is undeveloped, and its ability to cure to soil is poor, weaker to nutritional ingredient in soil and water absorbing capacity, is planted
The Chinese ash speed of growth of plant is slow, and disease and insect resistance and wind loading rating are poor.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problem of existing：For its percentage of seedgermination of seed growing method in 50%-70%, germination percentage is low, and
Growth cycle is grown, and planting cost is high, and diseases and insect pests resistance is relatively weak；And use cuttage and seedling culture method, after cuttage bar culture under
It is lateral root that end, which is taken root, does not have axial root system after transplanting, root system is undeveloped, and its ability to cure to soil is poor, in soil
Nutritional ingredient and water absorbing capacity are weaker, and the Chinese ash speed of growth planted is slow, and disease and insect resistance and wind loading rating are poor.For solution
Certainly above mentioned problem, the invention provides a kind of method of Chinese ash cuttage and seedling culture.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of method of Chinese ash cuttage and seedling culture, comprises the following steps：
（1）Presprouting of seeds：Chinese ash seed is first placed in activation process 3-4h in 18-21 DEG C of isoperibol, promotes seed dormancy
Phase revives, and then immerses again and immersion is heated in plant ash clear liquid, wherein can remove seed wax coat containing vegetation alkali, improves seed
Germination percentage, then seed immersed in germination liquid and carries out the composition such as constant temperature vernalization, its gibberellin contained, brassinosteroid and have to carry
High cytoactive and differentiation capability effect, can improve percentage of seedgermination, and temperature is 24-28 DEG C, time 10-12h, obtains vernalization kind
Son；
（2）Nurse young plants in hothouses：By loess and farm organic fertilizer according to quality proportioning 3-4:Seedling bed is layed in after 1 mixing, then will be urged
The sowing of bud seed is nursed young plants in hothouses, 22-25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 60%-65%, after planting first 12 days, pressure 0.2-0.3Mpa,
Carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.04%-0.06%, and after sowing 12 days, pressure 0.6-0.8Mpa, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is
0.08%-0.1%, culture is long to 7-8cm height, obtains Chinese wax seedling；Hyperbaric environment is provided in germination, external growth resistance increases
Add, high carbon dioxide concentration improves seed photosynthesis level, can promote stem and root growth, improves graft survival rate；
（3）Cuttage seeding culture：It is elite stand that the age of tree, which is chosen, in 4-6 Chinese ash, and disease-resistant and fertility is strong, and interception is a diameter of
0.5-0.8cm, length are 8-12cm cuttage branch, and retain true leaf 2-3 pieces, and cuttage branch upper and lower part is cut using scissors
It is flat, and cuttage branch lower end is entered into constant temperature in growth-promoting root solution and soaked, then cuttage branch is immersed into the examination equipped with N6 nutrient solutions
It is placed in nursery box and cultivates in pipe, 23-26 DEG C of temperature, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.05%-0.07%, obtains cuttage seeding, takes root
Cuttage seeding has higher growth ability afterwards；
（4）Grafting：In Chinese wax seedling from being blocked at the 1-1.5cm of root, and " A " font is cut into, stock root is obtained, by under cuttage bar
Side root is rejected, and the otch consistent with stock root size is cut from lower end, obtains scion branch, by stock root and scion branch knot
Close, then using growth-promoting root spray solution healing position, and wrapped up using preservative film, obtain grafting twig；By Chinese wax seedling
Root is combined by grafting method with cuttage branch, as the axial root system of cuttage branch, is solved seminal propagation mode and is grown speed
Spend the slow and underdeveloped problem of cuttage bar root system；
（5）Second incubation：Grafting twig is reentered into N6 nutrient solutions and carries out second incubation, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is
0.08%-0.1%, and do not have spray within 2-3 days 1 time using growth-promoting root solution, transplanted after place to be grafted healing completely, can improve and transfer
Connect the survival rate of rear cuttage bar.
Step（1）Described plant ash clear liquid, its compound method are：Sterilized water 52-56 parts, grass are weighed according to quality meter part
Wood ash 12-15 parts, plant ash is added in sterilized water 15-17min is stirred under 300-350r/min rotating speeds, system is filtered after precipitation
Obtain plant ash clear liquid.
Step（1）Described heating immersion, its temperature are 33-36 DEG C, time 24-30min.
Step（1）Described germination liquid, wherein gibberellin：Brassinosteroid：Tridecanol quality proportioning is 2-3:0.5-
0.8:0.2-0.4, its mass concentration are 0.8%-1.2%.
Step（3）Described growth-promoting root solution, wherein heteroauxin：Methyl α-naphthyl acetate：Gibberellin quality proportioning is 3-4:2-3:
0.5-0.8, its mass concentration are 1%-2%.
Step（3）Described constant temperature immersion, its temperature are 31-34 DEG C, time 13-16h, humidity 62%-66%.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：Seed accelerating germination method, seed is first subjected to activation process, promoted
Seed dormancy phase is revived, and improves cytoactive, immerses the wax coat that the vegetation alkali that its in plant ash clear liquid contains can remove seed,
Promote seed to absorb nutritional ingredient, improve percentage of seedgermination；Progress constant temperature vernalization in germination liquid is then immersed in, wherein containing red
The compositions such as mycin, brassinosteroid can improve seed cell activity, promote seed to sprout, and improve percentage of seedgermination and root life
It is long.Nurse young plants in hothouses method, carbon dioxide and pressure intensity parameter are provided in two stages in nursery, sprout its photosynthetic work of stage in seed
With it is relatively low, growth ability is weaker, there is provided relatively relatively low gas concentration lwevel and pressure, can stimulate lifting seed light cooperation
With level；And high concentration carbon dioxide and pressure culture are used, improve external growth resistance and photosynthesis is horizontal, children can be promoted
Seedling stem and root growth, grown after being advantageous to grafting and grafting.Cuttage seeding culture, the Chinese ash from 4-6 are elite stand, its
Resistance against diseases is strong, growth is vigorous, and selected branch fertility is strong, can improve the survival rate of cuttage seeding after grafting, passes through growth-promoting root
Taken root after solution and nutrient solution culture, cuttage bar survival ability is of a relatively high.Engrafting method, Chinese wax seedling root is passed through into grafting side
Formula is combined with cuttage branch, as the axial root system of cuttage branch, solves that the seminal propagation mode speed of growth is slow and cuttage bar
The underdeveloped problem of root system, the root growth of cuttage branch is promoted, improve the speed of growth of its cuttage branch.Second incubation,
Stock root and scion branch binding site are healed by second incubation, then carry out transplanting can improve cuttage branch after grafting into
Motility rate.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of method of Chinese ash cuttage and seedling culture, comprises the following steps：
（1）Presprouting of seeds：Chinese ash seed is first placed in activation process 3.5h in 19 DEG C of isoperibols, promotes seed dormancy phase Soviet Union
Wake up, then immerse again and immersion is heated in plant ash clear liquid, wherein can remove seed wax coat containing vegetation alkali, improve germination
Rate, then seed is immersed into progress constant temperature vernalization, its gibberellin contained, brassinosteroid etc. composition in germination liquid has raising thin
Cytoactive and differentiation capability effect, can improve percentage of seedgermination, and temperature is 25 DEG C, time 10.5h, obtains vernalization seed；
（2）Nurse young plants in hothouses：By loess and farm organic fertilizer according to quality proportioning 3:Seedling bed is layed in after 1 mixing, then by vernalization
Seed sowing is nursed young plants in hothouses, 23 DEG C of temperature, humidity 62%, after planting first 12 days, pressure 0.23Mpa, carbon dioxide volume
Concentration is 0.044%, and after sowing 12 days, pressure 0.65Mpa, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.083%, and culture is long to 7-8cm
Highly, Chinese wax seedling is obtained；Hyperbaric environment, the increase of external growth resistance are provided in germination, high carbon dioxide concentration improves
Seed photosynthesis is horizontal, can promote stem and root growth, improves graft survival rate；
（3）Cuttage seeding culture：It is elite stand that the age of tree, which is chosen, in 4-6 Chinese ash, and disease-resistant and fertility is strong, and interception is a diameter of
0.5-0.8cm, length are 8-12cm cuttage branch, and retain true leaf 2-3 pieces, and cuttage branch upper and lower part is cut using scissors
It is flat, and cuttage branch lower end is entered into constant temperature in growth-promoting root solution and soaked, then by test tube of the cuttage branch equipped with N6 nutrient solutions
It is placed in nursery box and cultivates, 24 DEG C of temperature, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.056%, obtains cuttage seeding, cuttage seeding has after taking root
Higher growth ability；
（4）Grafting：In Chinese wax seedling from being blocked at the 1-1.5cm of root, and " A " font is cut into, stock root is obtained, by under cuttage bar
Side root is rejected, and the otch consistent with stock root size is cut from lower end, obtains scion branch, by stock root and scion branch knot
Close, then using growth-promoting root spray solution healing position, and wrapped up using preservative film, obtain grafting twig；By Chinese wax seedling
Root is combined by grafting method with cuttage branch, as the axial root system of cuttage branch, is solved seminal propagation mode and is grown speed
Spend the slow and underdeveloped problem of cuttage bar root system；
（5）Second incubation：Grafting twig is reentered into N6 nutrient solutions and carries out second incubation, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is
0.084%, and do not have spray within 2 days 1 time using growth-promoting root solution, transplanted after place to be grafted healing completely, skewer after grafting can be improved
The survival rate of cutting.
Step（1）Described plant ash clear liquid, its compound method are：53 parts of sterilized water, vegetation are weighed according to quality meter part
13 parts of ash, plant ash is added in sterilized water 16min is stirred under 310r/min rotating speeds, it is clear that obtained plant ash is filtered after precipitation
Liquid.
Step（1）Described heating immersion, its temperature are 34 DEG C, time 25min.
Step（1）Described germination liquid, wherein gibberellin：Brassinosteroid：Tridecanol quality proportioning is 2:0.6:
0.25, its mass concentration is 0.9%.
Step（3）Described growth-promoting root solution, wherein heteroauxin：Methyl α-naphthyl acetate：Gibberellin quality proportioning is 3:2:0.6,
Its mass concentration is 1.3%.
Step（3）Described constant temperature immersion, its temperature are 32 DEG C, time 14h, humidity 63%.
Embodiment 2：
Compared with embodiment 1, step changes in the following areas the present embodiment 2：
Step（1）Described plant ash clear liquid, its compound method are：54 parts of sterilized water, plant ash 14 are weighed according to quality meter part
Part, plant ash is added in sterilized water 17min is stirred under 340r/min rotating speeds, filtered after precipitation and plant ash clear liquid is made.
Step（1）Described constant temperature vernalization, its temperature are 27 DEG C, time 11h.
Step（1）Described heating immersion, its temperature are 35 DEG C, time 28min.
Step（1）Described germination liquid, wherein gibberellin：Brassinosteroid：Tridecanol quality proportioning is 3:0.7:
0.36, its mass concentration is 1.1%.
Step（2）Described is incubated, and its parameter is：
24 DEG C of temperature is set, humidity 64%, after planting first 12 days, pressure 0.28Mpa, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration was 0.056%,
After sowing 12 days, pressure 0.78Mpa, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.095%, and culture is long to 7-8cm height.
Step（3）Described growth-promoting root solution, wherein heteroauxin：Methyl α-naphthyl acetate：Gibberellin quality proportioning is 4:3:0.7,
Its mass concentration is 1.7%.
Step（3）Described constant temperature immersion, its temperature are 33 DEG C, time 15h, humidity 65%.
Step（5）Described second incubation, its parameter are：
Carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.094%, and does not have spray within 3 days 1 time using growth-promoting root solution.
Contrast 1：
This contrast 1 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 1（1）Presprouting of seeds, other steps are same as Example 1.
Contrast 2：
This contrast 2 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 1（2）Medium temperature chamber's nursery, other steps are same as Example 1.
Contrast 3：
This contrast 3 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 2（3）Cuttage seeding culture, directly use cuttage branch grafting, other steps
It is same as Example 2.
Contrast 4：
The embodiment 2 of this contrast more than 4 compares, and does not carry out step（4）、（5）Middle growth-promoting root solution uses, other steps and embodiment 2
It is identical.
Contrast 5：
This contrast 5 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 2（5）Second incubation, other steps are same as Example 2.
Control group：
Control group carries out nursery using cottage method, does not carry out presprouting of seeds, constant temperature nursery, cuttage seeding culture, growth-promoting root solution
And second incubation.
To embodiment 1, embodiment 2, contrast 1, contrast 2, contrast 3, contrast 4, contrast 5 and control group experimental program, statistics
Chinese wax tree cuttage seedling survival rate, the speed of growth（Annual growth height）, pest and disease damage rate is compared.
Experimental data：
| Project | Survival rate % | Speed of growth cm | Pest and disease damage rate % |
| Embodiment 1 | 91.37 | 10.5 | 0.47 |
| Embodiment 2 | 92.05 | 10.2 | 0.43 |
| Contrast 1 | 91.35 | 10.3 | 0.56 |
| Contrast 2 | 87.95 | 9.4 | 0.95 |
| Contrast 3 | 89.57 | 9.0 | 0.96 |
| Contrast 4 | 89.86 | 9.5 | 0.73 |
| Contrast 5 | 88.93 | 8.6 | 1.14 |
| Control group | 93.68 | 5.7 | 2.57 |
Synthesis result：The Chinese wax sapling that the inventive method is cultivated, its survival rate is identical with control group, and the speed of growth improves
4.8cm, pest and disease damage rate decline 2.1%.Using nursing young plants in hothouses and cuttage seeding culture, wherein the speed of growth improves 1.1cm, 1.2cm,
Pest and disease damage rate declines 0.48%, 0.53%；Using cuttage seeding culture and second incubation, the speed of growth improves 0.7cm, 1.6cm, disease pest
Evil rate declines 0.30%, 0.71%.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. method of Chinese ash cuttage and seedling culture, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：（1）Presprouting of seeds：Chinese ash seed is first placed in activation process 3-4h in 18-21 DEG C of isoperibol, then immerses grass again Immersion is heated in wood ash clear liquid, then seed is immersed constant temperature vernalization is carried out in germination liquid, temperature is 24-28 DEG C, time 10-12h, Obtain vernalization seed；（2）Nurse young plants in hothouses：By loess and farm organic fertilizer according to quality proportioning 3-4:Seedling bed is layed in after 1 mixing, then will be urged The sowing of bud seed is nursed young plants in hothouses, 22-25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 60%-65%, after planting first 12 days, pressure 0.2-0.3Mpa, Carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.04%-0.06%, and after sowing 12 days, pressure 0.6-0.8Mpa, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.08%-0.1%, culture is long to 7-8cm height, obtains Chinese wax seedling；（3）Cuttage seeding culture：It is elite stand to choose Chinese ash of the age of tree in 4-6, intercepts a diameter of 0.5-0.8cm, length 8- 12cm cuttage branch, and retain true leaf 2-3 pieces, cuttage branch upper and lower part is truncated using scissors, and by under cuttage branch End is immersed constant temperature in growth-promoting root solution and soaked, then cuttage branch is immersed in the test tube equipped with N6 nutrient solutions to be placed in nursery box and trained Support, 23-26 DEG C of temperature, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.05%-0.07%, obtains cuttage seeding；（4）Grafting：In Chinese wax seedling from being blocked at the 1-1.5cm of root, and " A " font is cut into, stock root is obtained, by under cuttage bar Side root is rejected, and the otch consistent with stock root size is cut from lower end, obtains scion branch, by stock root and scion branch knot Close, then using growth-promoting root spray solution healing position, and wrapped up using preservative film, obtain grafting twig；（5）Second incubation：Grafting twig is reentered into N6 nutrient solutions and carries out second incubation, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.08%-0.1%, and do not have spray within 2-3 days 1 time using growth-promoting root solution, transplanted after place to be grafted healing completely.
- 2. the method for Chinese ash cuttage and seedling culture as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Described plant ash is clear Liquid, its compound method are：Sterilized water 52-56 parts, plant ash 12-15 parts are weighed according to quality meter part, plant ash is added sterile 15-17min is stirred in water under 300-350r/min rotating speeds, is filtered after precipitation and plant ash clear liquid is made.
- 3. the method for Chinese ash cuttage and seedling culture as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Described heating immersion, Its temperature is 33-36 DEG C, time 24-30min.
- 4. the method for Chinese ash cuttage and seedling culture as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Described germination liquid, its Middle gibberellin：Brassinosteroid：Tridecanol quality proportioning is 2-3:0.5-0.8:0.2-0.4, its mass concentration are 0.8%- 1.2%。
- 5. the method for Chinese ash cuttage and seedling culture as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）Described growth-promoting root is molten Liquid, wherein heteroauxin：Methyl α-naphthyl acetate：Gibberellin quality proportioning is 3-4:2-3:0.5-0.8, its mass concentration are 1%-2%.
- 6. the method for Chinese ash cuttage and seedling culture as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）Described constant temperature immersion, Its temperature is 31-34 DEG C, time 13-16h, humidity 62%-66%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109006144A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-18 | 澄城县绿营种植农民专业合作社 | The nursery of the drought-enduring nursery stock of loess and quick-breeding method |
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