JP5257408B2 - Plant cuttings seedling production method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing plant cuttings. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for producing cuttings and seedlings of plant species that are difficult to produce cuttings such as Eucalyptus plants.

  Plants are roughly classified into woody plants having woody stems (tree trunks) and herbaceous plants in which the aerial part is flexible and does not form woody. In general, seedlings for seedlings, cuttings, grafts, and clonal seedlings obtained by tissue culture are known as commercial seedlings for plants collectively referring to these. In particular, cutting is the simplest and cheapest technique for producing cloned seedlings. For example, in South America, Europe, Southeast Asia, South Africa, etc., cuttings of Eucalyptus and Acacia plants are used for large-scale plantations. It is produced in large quantities.

  For the conventional technique of cuttings widely used in Eucalyptus plants, see “Eucalypto Domistication and Breeding” (KG Eldridge, J. Davidson, C. Harwood, Gv. Wyk, Ed. Oxford University Inc. 93). ) Pages 237 to 246.

  Patent Document 1 describes a method for producing cuttings of Eucalyptus plants using auxins such as indolebutyric acid (IBA). In this document, an auxin treatment is performed on the cutting head by immersing the cutting head in an aqueous solution of IBA immediately before insertion or by applying IBA diluted with talc powder in the vicinity of the cut end, and then the cutting head is grown. Cuttings.

Patent Document 2 describes a method for producing cuttings of plants such as eucalyptus, acacia, and bayberry. In this document, a rooting bed containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as essential elements and wetted with a liquid medium not containing a carbon source is prepared in a culture vessel, and an ear is inserted into this.
A cutting method for producing cuttings characterized in that rooting from cuttings is performed while controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide in the culture vessel. At this time, auxins such as indoleacetic acid and indolebutyric acid are used in the liquid medium. It is described that a plant growth regulator may be added.

  However, even when an established method for producing cuttings as described above is used, rooting of cuttings may be difficult depending on the climatic conditions of the region where cuttings are produced. In addition, the ability of cuttings to root varies depending on the plant species used.In addition, even for plant species with high rooting ability of cuttings, rooting of cuttings is difficult due to physiological factors of the heading tree. There is a case. When cutting cuttings that are rejuvenated, such as sprout branches from the harvested mother tree, rooting may be difficult.

  Thus, when trying to produce commercial cuttings for plants, the rooting of cuttings largely depends on meteorological factors at the production site, genetic or physiological factors of cuttings, etc. In the cutting seedling production method, there are still cases where it is difficult to root the cuttings stably.

JP-A-6-98630 JP 2001-186814 A

“Eucalypto Domestication and Breeding” G. Eldridge, J. et al. Davidson, C.I. Harwood, G .; v. Edited by Wyk, Oxford University Press Inc. 1993

  There is a need for a method for producing cuttings and seedlings that can be applied to large-scale plantations and that can promote rooting even in difficult-to-root tree species. In particular, there is a demand for a method for efficiently producing cuttings and seedlings of plants that have conventionally been difficult to produce cuttings and seedlings such as Eucalyptus and Acacia plants.

  The present invention relates to a plant cutting seedling production method, characterized in that a plant growth regulator is not supplied at the time of insertion of cuttings, and a plant growth regulator is added after insertion.

More specifically, the present invention has the following features.
[1] A method for producing plant cuttings, comprising the following steps:
(A) a step of inserting cuttings into the medium without supplying auxin; and (b) a step of promoting rooting of cuttings by adding auxin to the medium at least one week after step (a). Including the above method.
[2] The method according to [1] above, wherein step (b) is performed for 1 to 6 weeks after step (a).
[3] The method according to [1] or [2] above, wherein step (b) is performed 1 to 3 times within 3 to 5 weeks after step (a).
[4] The method according to any one of [1] to [3] above, wherein step (b) is performed by adding an auxin aqueous solution during irrigation.
[5] The method according to any one of [1] to [4] above, wherein the plant is a woody plant.
[6] The method according to [5] above, wherein the woody plant is a Eucalyptus or Acacia plant.
[7] The auxin according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the auxin is selected from indolebutyric acid, indoleacetic acid, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid, naphthylacetic acid, and α-naphthylacetamide. the method of.
[8] The method according to [7] above, wherein the auxin is indolebutyric acid.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the rooting of the cutting head of a plant can be accelerated | stimulated and it can apply also to the cuttings seedling manufacture for large-scale tree planting.

The present invention includes the following steps:
(A) a step of inserting cuttings into the medium without supplying auxin; and (b) a step of promoting rooting of cuttings by adding auxin to the medium at least one week after step (a). The present invention relates to a method for producing plant cuttings.

  As cuttings, in addition to green branches (current year branches) and mature branches (branches extending before the previous year), buds and leaves can also be used. Usually, green branches or mature branches are used for woody plants, and buds or leaves are used for herbaceous plants.

  A general method for producing cuttings for seedlings will be described by taking a method for producing cuttings for Eucalyptus as an example. For details, see "Eucalypto Dosmetics and Breeding" (supra), pages 237-246.

  First, from 1 to 4 sections and 2 to 8 leaves of leaves are cut out from the branches of the harvested mother tree, and a part of the leaves are cut out to prepare the ears. After immersing the cuttings in a bactericide solution such as benrate, apply auxin (plant hormone) powder such as indolebutyric acid, which functions as a rooting promoter, to the base, or insert the base of the cuttings into the auxin solution. After soaking, insert into the insertion hole established in the cutting medium. The cutting medium is not particularly limited as long as it is a material having appropriate water permeability and water retention, such as bark, sand, wood waste, peat moss, vermiculite, pearlite, charcoal, coco peat, pumice, zeolite, pumice, and mixtures thereof. Is exemplified. The cutting medium is generally used in a form filled in a container such as a seedling pot or a plug tray. The balance between the air permeability and moisture retention of the cutting medium determines the success or failure of rooting. In order to avoid spoilage of cuttings, it is preferable not to include organic matter in the cutting medium, and it is more preferable to use a sterilized medium. Fertilization is not usually performed, but a slow-acting granular fertilizer may be mixed in the medium or given as liquid fertilizer during irrigation.

  In the present invention, among the above-mentioned general cutting seedling production methods, without performing auxin treatment for cuttings at the time of insertion, at least one week after inserting the cuttings, preferably for 1 to 6 weeks, more Preferably, auxin is added to the cutting medium for 3 to 5 weeks. As specifically shown in the following examples, it was revealed that the method of the present invention can remarkably promote the rooting of the cutting head as compared with the conventional auxin treatment at the time of insertion.

  Although the kind of plant used for this invention is not specifically limited, Eucalyptus genus which is a woody plant, Acacia genus, Prunus department, Quercus genus (Earth genus etc.), Grapeae family, Apple genus, Sakura genus, Rose genus, Camellia And the herbaceous plants, Chrysanthemum and Nadesico (carnation, etc.) are preferred. Woody plants are more preferred, and Eucalyptus and Acacia plants are most preferred.

  Examples of Eucalyptus plants include tree species (pulp materials) for papermaking raw materials, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus grandis, E. globulus, Eucalyptus nightens (E. nitens), eucalyptus terticornis, eucalyptus europhylla, etc., and hybrids and subspecies / variants thereof, and landscaping / greening / decorative tree species, Examples include Eucalyptus Gunni and Eucalyptus Viminalis.

  For further details of Eucalyptus plants, see “Environmental Management: The Role of Eucalyptus and Other Fast Growing Species” (K. G. Oldridge, MP Rod and K. M. P. s. See Eucalyptus as a tree planting tree (Ken Ishikawa, Afforestation Research Institute, 1980).

  As the acacia genus plant, as a tree species for papermaking raw materials, Acacia auriculiformis (Acacia auriciformis), Acacia mangium (A. mangium), Acacia mearancy (A. mearnsii), Acacia classical carpa (A. classiccarpa), As Acacia auracocarpa (A. auracocarpa) etc. and hybrids and their subspecies / varieties, and landscaping / greening / appreciation tree species, A. baileyana, Husa acacia (A. dealbata) Etc.

  The shape of the mother tree from which the cuttings are collected may be pot seedlings or open-planted seedlings, such as natural tree-shaped ones, pruned seedlings grown, seedlings, cuttings or grafts or tissue culture It can be a clonal seedling produced from the parent tree by the method. The age of the harvesting mother tree is not particularly limited, but the younger one is preferable because the rooting ability of the cutting ear is high.

  In the present invention, the auxin treatment is performed at least once, preferably 1 to 3 times, preferably 1 to 6 weeks, more preferably 3 to 5 weeks after the insertion of the cuttings.

  In the present invention, it is considered that rooting can be promoted by performing auxin treatment at the time when the primordial primordium (callus-like) is formed after cutting. The timing of primordial formation can vary depending on the cutting species and growth state. Accordingly, in carrying out the method of the present invention, it is desirable to test for such properties that affect the timing of primordium formation. In general, the primordium is considered to be formed by 3 weeks after cutting.

  The auxin treatment may be carried out by any method such as addition of an aqueous solution at the time of irrigation or spraying of the powder stock, but the aqueous solution is preferably added at the time of irrigation.

  The auxin of the present invention is, for example, indolebutyric acid, indoleacetic acid, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid, naphthylacetic acid, or α-naphthylacetamide. Preferably, the auxin is indole butyric acid (IBA).

  The amount of auxin used for the treatment of cuttings is 1 μM or more, for example, 1 μM to 2 mM (for example, 0.5 mg / L to 400 mg / L) of aqueous solution is inserted at a time 5 to 30 mL, preferably 10 to 20 mL is added. The amount to be.

  When auxin is indole butyric acid, the amount used for the auxin treatment is, for example, a commercially available indole butyric acid solution (oxyberon solution of Bayer CropScience, 0.40% (w / w)), for example, 1 to Indole butyric acid solution diluted with water to 2000 times or more, preferably 50 times to 1500 times, more preferably 100 times to 1000 times is 5 to 5 per cutting ear (50 to 80 mL in cutting medium volume). Add 30 mL, preferably 10-20 mL.

  After the auxin treatment, for example, the cuttings are cultivated for 4 weeks or more after insertion, preferably 5 to 12 weeks or more, more preferably 6 to 10 weeks.

  As the growing environment for cuttings, a greenhouse in which the humidity can be adjusted is preferable. The appropriate humidity and frequency of irrigation depend on the plant species used and the growth temperature, but it is usually preferable to adjust the humidity to about 50 to 100%, and irrigation is carried out once a day to once a week.

  As the cutting medium, as described above, bark, sand, wood chips, peat moss, vermiculite, perlite, charcoal, coco peat, pumice, zeolite, pumice, a mixture thereof, and the like are preferable. The cutting medium is preferably sterilized.

  According to the method of the present invention, no auxin is added to the cuttings in relation to the rooting rate that depends on {(number of cuttings rooted in a certain period after insertion) / (number of cuttings tested)} × 100. In comparison with the rooting rate in the case, a significantly high rooting rate can be obtained. For example, according to the method of the present invention, the rooting rate is 6 times, 7 times, 8 times, 9 times, 10 times, 11 times or 12 times compared to the rooting rate when no auxin is added to the cuttings. Rate can be achieved.

  The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Preparation of cuttings [Example 1]
Eucalyptus globulus clonal seedlings obtained by propagation through cuttings were grown in a greenhouse and used as a heading mother tree. A sprout branch that had grown to be about 40 cm and hardened was cut out, the lower leaf was removed, and only two leaves paired with the tip of the ear were left to prepare an insertion ear having a length of about 10 cm. About half of the tips of the leaves of the cuttings were excised, and the base of the cuttings was cut back with a knife.

  Next, the prepared cuttings were raised for 2 hours. Further, after immersing the entire cutting head in a disinfectant solution (Top Gin M sol, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., 1,000 times solution) for about 5 seconds, the cutting head was pre-packed in a plug tray and wetted. The mixture (4: 6) was inserted into a medium (medium volume per cutting head: about 50 mL). This was cut and cultivated in a greenhouse that can be adjusted to a humidity of 70% or higher. In the first and second weeks, the bactericide was treated with water (Top Gin M Sol, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., 1,000 times solution, application rate 50 mL / book).

  A solution obtained by diluting a commercially available oxyberon solution (Bayer Crop Science Co., Ltd., 0.40% (w / w) indole butyric acid solution) 200 times with water into the cutting medium at the third week of cutting (21 days after the insertion) Was added about 15 mL per cutting head. Thereafter, it was further grown for 5 weeks (56 days in total), and the rooting was confirmed visually.

[Example 2]
Treated with about 15 mL of 1000 times oxyberon solution at 3 weeks, treated with about 15 mL of 200 times of oxyberon solution at 4 weeks, and treated with about 15 mL of 1000 times of oxyberon solution at 5 weeks. Otherwise, the cuttings were grown for 8 weeks (56 days) in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Comparative Example 1]
The cuttings were grown for 8 weeks (56 days) in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the oxyberon treatment was not performed.

[Comparative Example 2]
At the time of insertion, the cuttings were cut for 8 weeks (56 days) as in Example 1, except that a 200-fold solution of oxyberon solution was added to the cutting medium, about 15 mL was added per ear, and the third week oxyberon treatment was not performed. ) Raised.

Results Table 1 shows the rooting rate (%) of cuttings of Eucalyptus globulus grown for 56 days for Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. The rooting rate (%) was based on {(number of cuttings rooted up to 56 days after insertion) / (number of cuttings tested)} × 100. The number of specimens was 24 x 2 repetitions.

  From the results of Table 1, in cutting production, when indole butyric acid treatment is performed after insertion, indole butyric acid treatment is not performed (Comparative Example 1), and compared with the case where indole butyric acid treatment is performed during insertion as in the past (Comparative Example 2). It was shown that the rooting of cuttings was promoted remarkably. In particular, compared with the case where no indole butyric acid treatment was performed, the rooting rate by the method of the present invention was 10 times or more, and a rooting rate exceeding 80% could be achieved. This is a surprising value for a hard-to-root Eucalyptus plant.

  Similar results were shown when using a wide range of plant cuttings such as Eucalyptus camaludulensis, Acacia auraliformis, Eucalyptus grandis, etc.

According to the cutting seedling production method of the present invention, it becomes possible to promote the rooting of the cuttings of the plant compared with the conventional method, and the cutting seedlings of Eucalyptus plants and Acacia plants planted on a large scale can be efficiently used. Can be produced. Therefore, the present invention has applicability in the paper industry, the energy industry, and the like.

Claims (8)

A method for producing plant cuttings, the following steps:
(A) a step of inserting cuttings into the medium without supplying auxin; and (b) a step of promoting rooting of cuttings by adding auxin to the medium at least one week after step (a). Including the above method.   The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) is performed between 1 and 6 weeks after step (a).   The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein step (b) is carried out 1 to 3 times within 3 to 5 weeks after step (a).   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein step (b) is performed by adding an aqueous auxin solution during irrigation.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the plant is a woody plant.   The method according to claim 5, wherein the woody plant is a Eucalyptus or Acacia plant.   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the auxin is selected from indolebutyric acid, indoleacetic acid, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid, naphthylacetic acid, and α-naphthylacetamide.   8. The method of claim 7, wherein the auxin is indole butyric acid.