JPH04276081A - 無電解錫、鉛又はそれらの合金めっき方法 - Google Patents

無電解錫、鉛又はそれらの合金めっき方法

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Publication number
JPH04276081A
JPH04276081A JP3059642A JP5964291A JPH04276081A JP H04276081 A JPH04276081 A JP H04276081A JP 3059642 A JP3059642 A JP 3059642A JP 5964291 A JP5964291 A JP 5964291A JP H04276081 A JPH04276081 A JP H04276081A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
lead
tin
copper
plating
plating bath
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JP3059642A
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JP2787142B2 (ja
Inventor
Hiroki Uchida
廣記 内田
Motonobu Kubo
久保 元伸
Masayuki Kiso
雅之 木曽
Tooru Kamitamari
徹 上玉利
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Uemera Kogyo Co Ltd
C Uyemura and Co Ltd
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Uemera Kogyo Co Ltd
C Uyemura and Co Ltd
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Priority to JP3059642A priority Critical patent/JP2787142B2/ja
Priority to TW081101408A priority patent/TW223127B/zh
Priority to DE69219645T priority patent/DE69219645T2/de
Priority to EP92103366A priority patent/EP0503389B1/en
Priority to US07/843,015 priority patent/US5248527A/en
Priority to KR1019920003429A priority patent/KR100241090B1/ko
Publication of JPH04276081A publication Critical patent/JPH04276081A/ja
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/52Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating using reducing agents for coating with metallic material not provided for in a single one of groups C23C18/32 - C23C18/50
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/48Coating with alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/22Secondary treatment of printed circuits
    • H05K3/24Reinforcing the conductive pattern
    • H05K3/244Finish plating of conductors, especially of copper conductors, e.g. for pads or lands
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3457Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
    • H05K3/3473Plating of solder

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、銅又は銅合金に無電解
錫、鉛又はそれらの合金めっきを施す方法に関し、更に
詳述すると、簡易かつ効果的に錫塩や鉛塩を補給し得て
、厚付けめっきが可能な無電解錫、鉛又はそれらの合金
めっき方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】従来、
電子工業用部品、回路等の銅又は銅合金部分にはんだ付
け性を付与するため、電気めっき法により錫、鉛又は錫
・鉛合金めっき皮膜を形成することが行なわれているが
、電子装置の小型化に伴なって部品や回路等も微小化又
は複雑化し、電気めっき法ではめっきできない部分も生
じている。そこで、これらの部分にもめっき可能な無電
解錫、鉛又は錫・鉛合金めっき法が検討されている。 例えば、特開平1−184279号公報には、特定の有
機スルホン酸、該有機スルホン酸の錫及び鉛塩、次亜燐
酸ナトリウム(還元剤)及びチオ尿素(錯化剤)を主成
分とする無電解錫・鉛合金めっき浴を用いる方法が提案
されている。しかし、従来の無電解錫、鉛又は錫・鉛合
金めっき法は、めっき浴の金属補給を行なわず、金属濃
度が析出限界以下に低下したらそのまま廃棄する使い捨
てのバッチ方式が多く、このため主にめっき皮膜を薄く
形成する場合に採用されているもので、厚いめっき皮膜
を得る目的でめっき浴を連続使用する提案は殆んどなく
、従って連続使用に必要な連続的に一定の析出量を維持
できるめっき浴の補給管理方法については提案されてい
ない。
【0003】一方、通常の無電解めっき法においては、
随時、めっき浴中の金属成分を分析し、消費された金属
量に比例して金属成分の補給を行なうことにより、めっ
き浴を管理しているが、本発明者らの検討によれば、無
電解錫、鉛又は錫・鉛合金めっき浴の場合は、めっきの
進行と共に被めっき物から溶出した銅がめっき浴中に溶
解、蓄積していくため、めっき浴中で錫及び鉛成分を簡
易にしかも正確に分析することが困難であり、上述した
通常のめっき浴管理方法は無電解錫、鉛又は錫・鉛合金
めっき浴に対しては適用し難いことを知見した。
【0004】本発明は上記事情に鑑みなされたもので、
無電解錫、鉛又は錫・鉛合金めっき浴中の錫や鉛分を容
易にかつ確実に管理でき、このため厚付けめっきが容易
であり、連続めっきが可能な無電解錫、鉛又はそれらの
合金めっき方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段及び作用】本発明者らは、
上記目的を達成するため種々検討を重ねた結果、水溶性
錫塩及び/又は水溶性鉛塩、これらの塩を溶解する酸、
及び錯化剤を含むめっき浴を用いて銅又は銅合金に対し
無電解錫、鉛又はそれらの合金めっきを施す場合、その
メカニズムは、被めっき物である銅又は銅合金の銅分が
めっき浴中に溶解するのと同時に該被めっき物上に錫、
鉛又は錫・鉛合金皮膜が析出形成されるもので、従って
めっきの進行につれてめっき浴中に銅分が増加、蓄積し
てくるものであるが、この際、めっき浴中に溶出する銅
イオン量と消費される錫及び/又は鉛の量との間に比例
関係が存在し、しかもこの溶出銅イオン濃度はめっき浴
中で容易にかつ正確に分析でき、従ってめっき浴中に溶
出する銅イオン濃度を分析し、その増加分に比例して錫
塩及び/又は鉛塩を補給することにより、上記銅又は銅
合金用無電解錫、鉛又はそれらの合金めっき浴の錫分や
鉛分の管理を容易にかつ確実に行なうことができること
を見出し、本発明を完成するに至ったものである。
【0006】従って、本発明は、水溶性錫塩及び/又は
水溶性鉛塩、これらの塩を溶解する酸、及び錯化剤を含
む無電解めっき浴を用いて銅又は銅合金に対し無電解錫
、鉛又はそれらの合金めっきを施すに際し、上記めっき
浴中に溶出する銅イオン濃度の増加分に比例して水溶性
錫塩及び/又は水溶性鉛塩を補給することを特徴とする
無電解錫、鉛又はそれらの合金めっき方法を提供する。
【0007】以下、本発明につき更に詳述すると、本発
明で用いられるめっき浴は、水溶性錫塩、水溶性鉛塩又
はそれらの混合物からなる金属塩成分と、これらの金属
塩を溶解する酸成分と、錯化剤とを主成分として含有す
るものである。
【0008】ここで、水溶性錫塩としては、例えば硫酸
第1錫、アルカンスルホン酸第1錫、塩化第1錫、アル
カノールスルホン酸第1錫、スルホコハク酸第1錫等が
挙げられる。また、水溶性鉛塩としては、例えば塩化鉛
、メタンスルホン酸鉛、酢酸鉛、アルカノールスルホン
酸鉛、スルホコハク酸鉛等が挙げられる。これら金属塩
成分の含有量は0.5〜30g/l、特に1〜20g/
lとすることが好ましい。金属塩成分の含有量が少な過
ぎると析出速度が低下する傾向が生じる。酸成分として
は、例えばアルカンスルホン酸、塩酸、アルカノールス
ルホン酸、過塩素酸、スルホコハク酸、ホウフッ酸等が
挙げられる。これら酸成分の含有量は50〜250g/
l、特に100〜200g/lとすることが好ましい。 酸成分の含有量が少な過ぎると金属塩の沈殿が生じる場
合があり、また、多過ぎると析出速度が低下する傾向が
生じる。
【0009】なお、上で述べたアルカンスルホン酸、ア
ルカノールスルホン酸としては、例えばメタンスルホン
酸、エタンスルホン酸、プロパンスルホン酸、2−プロ
パンスルホン酸、ブタンスルホン酸、2−ブタンスルホ
ン酸、ペンタンスルホン酸、ヘキサンスルホン酸、デカ
ンスルホン酸、ドデカンスルホン酸、イセチオン酸(2
−ヒドロキシエタン−1−スルホン酸)、2−ヒドロキ
シプロパン−1−スルホン酸、1−ヒドロキシプロパン
−2−スルホン酸、3−ヒドロキシプロパン−1−スル
ホン酸、2−ヒドロキシブタン−1−スルホン酸、4−
ヒドロキシブタン−1−スルホン酸、2−ヒドロキシペ
ンタン−1−スルホン酸、2−ヒドロキシヘキサン−1
−スルホン酸、2−ヒドロキシデカン−1−スルホン酸
、2−ヒドロキシドデカン−1−スルホン酸などが挙げ
られる。
【0010】錯化剤としては、例えば蓚酸、酒石酸、ク
エン酸、EDTA及びそれらの塩、チオ尿素、トリエタ
ノールアミン等が挙げられる。これら錯化剤の含有量は
30〜200g/l、特に50〜150g/lとするこ
とが好ましい。錯化剤の含有量が少な過ぎると浴の分解
が生じ易くなり、また、多過ぎると析出速度が低下する
傾向が生じる。これらの中ではチオ尿素が好ましいが、
チオ尿素の含有量は50〜200g/l、特に50〜1
50g/lとすることが好適である。
【0011】更に、めっき浴には還元剤が添加され得る
。還元剤としては、次亜リン酸又はその水溶性塩が用い
られ、その添加量は30〜300g/l、特に50〜2
00g/lとすることが好ましい。
【0012】本発明のめっき浴は、上記成分の他、通常
使用される添加剤として界面活性剤等を通常使用される
量で添加することができる。また、めっき浴のpHは0
〜3程度が好ましい。
【0013】以上のようなめっき浴を用いて本発明方法
を実施するには、該めっき浴中に表面の少なくとも一部
が銅又は銅合金にて形成されている被めっき物を浸漬す
るもので、これにより銅又は銅合金上に錫、鉛又は錫・
鉛合金めっき皮膜が形成される。この場合、めっき析出
と同時にめっき浴中に被めっき物から銅分が溶出する。 なお、めっき温度は60〜90℃とすることが好ましい
【0014】本発明においては、このめっき操作におい
てめっき浴中に溶出する銅イオン濃度を随時分析し、こ
の銅イオン濃度が所定の管理濃度となった時(所定量増
加した時)に、この増加分に比例した量の錫塩や鉛塩を
直接又は水に溶解して、或いはこの金属塩を含むめっき
浴として補給する。
【0015】この場合、銅分の増加につれて錫塩や鉛塩
を単に追加補給するだけでもよいが、場合によっては銅
分が所定量増加したときにめっき浴の一部を廃棄し、そ
れに見合う新液を補給し、再び上記のような錫塩、鉛塩
の補給を行なうようにしてもよい。
【0016】更に、析出速度をめっき初期と後期とで一
定にするため、新液に銅塩を添加してめっき浴中の銅濃
度を予め例えば2〜10g/lに上げ、この状態でめっ
きを行なうと共に、めっき浴中の銅イオン濃度を随時分
析し、銅イオン濃度が所定管理範囲の上限値に達した時
、めっき浴の一部を排出すると共に、この排出めっき浴
量と同量の新しいめっき浴を補充する方法を採用しても
よい。この場合の銅源としては、硫酸銅、塩化銅、酢酸
銅、硝酸銅、蓚酸銅、水酸化銅、アルカンスルホン酸銅
、アルカノールスルホン酸銅、過塩素酸銅、ホウフッ化
銅、スルホコハク酸銅等の第一、第二銅塩;酸化第一銅
、酸化第二銅等の酸化銅;金属銅(板状、線状又は粉末
状)等が使用できる。
【0017】以上のようなめっき方法により、めっき浴
は、銅イオン濃度8〜10g/lの蓄積(処理量で約3
00μm・dm2/l程度)又はそれ以上まで使用可能
である。
【0018】なお、銅イオン濃度の定量方法としては、
原子吸光分析法等を採用することによって行なうことが
できるが、特に分析試料にシュウ酸、酒石酸等の錯化剤
を加え、pHを4〜11に調整し、過酸化水素水等の酸
化剤を加えて1価の銅イオンを2価の銅イオンに酸化し
、更にアンモニアやアミン類等の発色剤を加えた後、波
長620nmで吸光度を測定する方法が簡単かつ正確に
全銅分を定量できる点から推奨される。
【0019】
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明方法によれ
ば、めっき浴中の溶出銅イオン濃度を分析するだけで、
めっき浴を容易にかつ確実に管理して錫、鉛又はそれら
の合金めっき皮膜を連続的に形成できると共に、厚付け
が容易であり、電子工業用部品、回路等の銅又は銅合金
部分に対しはんだ付け性を付与する等のために錫、鉛又
は錫・鉛合金めっき皮膜を形成する方法として好適に採
用される。
【0020】
【実施例】以下、実施例を示して本発明を具体的に説明
するが、本発明は下記実施例によって限定されるもので
はない。
【0021】〔実施例1〕下記組成の無電解錫・鉛合金
めっき浴中に銅製品を入れ、浴温80℃で無電解錫・鉛
合金めっきを行なった。この場合、めっき中に随時原子
吸光法により銅イオン濃度を分析し、この濃度が0.5
g/l増加する毎に下記補給液(1)〜(3)をそれぞ
れ下記の量において補給した。これにより、析出速度は
13μm/15分で、銅イオン濃度が浴中に少なくとも
8g/l蓄積されるまで一定に保持され、この時の総処
理量は260μm・dm2/lであった。
【0022】組  成 メタンスルホン酸                 
     50g/lメタンスルホン酸錫      
              20g/lメタンスルホ
ン酸鉛                    13
g/lチオ尿素                  
            75g/l次亜リン酸ナトリ
ウム                  80g/l
クエン酸                     
         15g/l塩化ラウリルピリジニウ
ム                5g/lEDTA
                         
       3g/lpH            
                      2.0
補給液(1)    5ml/l補給 メタンスルホン酸錫              40
0g/lメタンスルホン酸             
   180g/l補給液(2)    5ml/l補
給 メタンスルホン酸鉛              38
0g/lメタンスルホン酸             
   240g/l補給液(3)  15ml/l補給 チオ尿素                     
   120g/l次亜リン酸ナトリウム      
          3g/lクエン酸       
                   25g/l

0023】〔実施例2〕下記組成のめっき浴にメタンス
ルホン酸第一銅を加えて銅イオン濃度を4.5g/lに
上げ、この中に銅製品を入れ、浴温80℃で銅イオン濃
度の管理範囲を4.5〜5.0g/lに設定し、無電解
めっきを行なった。この場合、銅イオン濃度が0.5g
/l増加する毎に(即ち、銅イオン濃度が5.0g/l
に達する毎に)浴の1/10量を排出すると共に、この
排出量と同量の下記に示す補給液を補給することにより
、銅イオン濃度を上記管理範囲に保持した。この結果、
めっき速度は13μm/15分であり、補給を20回行
なったが、析出速度は殆ど変わらなかった。なお、めっ
き浴中の銅分は原子吸光法により測定した。
【0024】   組  成     メタンスルホン酸             
         50g/l    メタンスルホン
酸錫                    20g
/l    メタンスルホン酸鉛          
          13g/l    メタンスルホ
ン酸第一銅(Cuとして)    4.5g/l   
 チオ尿素                    
          75g/l    次亜リン酸ナ
トリウム                  80g
/l    クエン酸               
               15g/l    塩
化ラウリルピリジニウム              
  5g/l    EDTA           
                     3g/l
    pH                   
               2.0    温度 
                         
        80℃    補給液

Claims (1)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項1】  水溶性錫塩及び/又は水溶性鉛塩、こ
    れらの塩を溶解する酸、及び錯化剤を含む無電解めっき
    浴を用いて銅又は銅合金に対し無電解錫、鉛又はそれら
    の合金めっきを施すに際し、上記めっき浴中に溶出する
    銅イオン濃度の増加分に比例して水溶性錫塩及び/又は
    水溶性鉛塩を補給することを特徴とする無電解錫、鉛又
    はそれらの合金めっき方法。
JP3059642A 1991-03-01 1991-03-01 無電解錫、鉛又はそれらの合金めっき方法 Expired - Lifetime JP2787142B2 (ja)

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DE69219645T DE69219645T2 (de) 1991-03-01 1992-02-27 Verfahren zur stromlosen Plattierung von Zinn, Blei oder Zinn-Blei-Legierung
EP92103366A EP0503389B1 (en) 1991-03-01 1992-02-27 Process for electroless plating tin, lead or tin-lead alloy
US07/843,015 US5248527A (en) 1991-03-01 1992-02-28 Process for electroless plating tin, lead or tin-lead alloy
KR1019920003429A KR100241090B1 (ko) 1991-03-01 1992-03-02 주석, 납 또는 주석-납 합금을 무전해 도금하는 방법

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DE69219645T2 (de) 1997-12-18
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JP2787142B2 (ja) 1998-08-13
EP0503389A2 (en) 1992-09-16
EP0503389B1 (en) 1997-05-14

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