JPH0398652A - Abnormality detection apparatus of dehulling ratio sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To keep a dehulling ratio sensor normal by judging the abnormality of the dehulling ratio sensor when a state equal to or less than a definite count number of grains is generated a predetermined number of times within a definite time in the detection of sampled grains at every one grain due to the dehulling ratio sensor. CONSTITUTION:In a dehulling ratio sensor 7, the sensor light oscillated from a light emitting element 12 to a photodetector 13 transmits through a predetermined number of sampled grains to detect and control a dehulling ratio. In a quantity-of-light control apparatus 15, the abnormality of the dehulling ratio sensor 7 is judged based on that a state equal to or less than a definite count number of grains within a definite time is generated a predetermined number of times. As a result, the dehulling ratio sensor can be kept normal.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention provides an abnormality detection method for detecting an abnormality in the hulling rate sensor for detecting the hulling rate in a rice huller, etc. Regarding. In addition to detecting the pulp removal rate, brown rice,
It can also be used as a paddy sorting device.

(Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention) The ratio of unhulled rice to paddy, that is, the hulling rate, is detected while transmitting and detecting sample grains of washed rice using sensor light oscillated from a light emitting element to a light receiving element. The pulp removal rate sensor often does not accurately detect the pulp removal rate due to the light intensity adjustment function of the pulp removal rate sensor itself not being performed properly, or due to clogging of sampling grains, etc. .

A poop rate sensor with a light intensity adjustment function is configured so that the light intensity can be changed from outside the sensor, so if the light intensity becomes too strong due to some reason such as a failure of the control device or a defective harness, Even though the sampled grains are flowing normally, the amount of light may be too strong and the grains cannot be detected (especially common with brown rice).

It is easy to determine an abnormality if no grains can be detected, but
It is difficult to judge whether it can be detected or not.

The present invention attempts to detect such an abnormal state of the shedding rate sensor and maintain it normally.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a pulp removal rate sensor that detects and controls a pulp removal rate while transmitting and detecting a predetermined number of sampled grains using sensor light oscillated from a light emitting element to a light receiving element. + When the number of grains or less occurs a predetermined number of times,
An abnormality detection method is provided which is characterized by determining that there is an abnormality in the shedding rate sensor.

(Function) The sensor light oscillated from the light-emitting element to the light-receiving element transmits light through a predetermined number of sampled grains one by one, and the shedding rate is detected and controlled based on the amount of transmitted light. In the sampling grain detection of each grain by such a shedding rate sensor,
It is detected that the pulp removal rate sensor is in an abnormal state when a state in which the number of grains counted is less than a certain number occurs continuously or intermittently for a predetermined number of times.

(Effects of the Invention) In the pulp removal rate sensor that detects and controls the hull removal rate while distinguishing between brown rice and paddy based on the amount of transmitted light of the sensor light oscillated from the light emitting element, the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element is If this is inappropriate, it will not be possible to accurately count the number of sampled grains, and it will be possible to accurately determine the abnormality of the pulp removal rate sensor.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In Fig. 2, the hulling machine includes a hulling device 1 consisting of a pair of hulling rolls having a difference in rotational circumferential speed, a paddy supply funnel 2 for supplying paddy to the hulling device 1, and a hulling device 1, which is disposed on the top of the machine. It has a sorting device 3 consisting of a rotating sorting tube that sorts the polished rice that has been husked by the husking device 1 into brown rice and paddy. A wind selection device 4 for wind selection, a wind selection device 5 for wind selection of brown rice by the sorting device 3, and the like are provided.

In addition, on one side of the machine, there is a husking rate control device 6 that controls the hulling.
In addition, a hulling rate sensor 7 is provided which detects the hulling rate from some of the sampled grains of the washed rice while flowing down the sampled grains. 8 is a rice grain frying machine.
It is configured to receive the husked grains from the husking device 1 and the returned mixed rice that has been sorted by the sorting device 4, and then send the grains to the sorting device 4 for frying. Reference numeral 9 denotes a brown rice frying machine, which is configured to receive and take out the brown rice that has been wind-selected by the wind-selecting device 5. Reference numeral 10 denotes a dust extractor that sucks and discharges rice husks, dust, etc. that have been air-selected by the air-selecting devices 4 and 5.

In FIG. 1, in a pulping rate control device 6 having a microcomputer l1, sampling grains A of crushed rice are added to the light emitted from the light emitting element 12 constituting the pulping rate sensor 7 to the light receiving element 13. By passing each grain across the grain, the amount of transmitted light emitted when the sampling grain A is irradiated is inputted, and a calculation process for the shedding rate is performed.

The light amount control device l5 is provided as a part of the pulp removal rate control device 6, and has an output circuit l9 of a light amount adjustment output i8 that adjusts and controls the light amount of the light emitting element 12, and also has an output circuit l9 for controlling the light amount of the light emitting element 12. An input circuit 20 for inputting the amount of transmitted light for each grain, and a grain signal detection circuit 2l for detecting a signal for each grain are provided, and the light amount from the light emitting element l2 is automatically adjusted so as to fall within a preset light amount adjustment setting range. The configuration is as follows.

3 to 6, the control process for calculating the skipping rate will be explained. FIG. 3 shows a transmittance grain number distribution (hereinafter referred to as a transmittance curve) which is a graphic representation of the transmittance of the light amount for each of the predetermined number of sampled grains detected by the shedding rate sensor 7 as a frequency distribution. This shows the general form of

The process of calculating the shedding rate in the shedding rate control device 6 is as follows (1)
Graphic processing control of such a transmittance curve is performed.

(2) Calculate and control the brown rice average block value ■ and the paddy average block value ■ from this transmittance curve. (3) Calculate and control the boundary block value ■ (threshold), which is the boundary position between brown rice and paddy in the transmittance curve.

(4) The dehulling rate is calculated and controlled based on the number of sampled grains on the brown rice side and the number of sampled grains on the paddy side with this boundary block value as the boundary.

This is done by controlling each process. This will be explained in more detail.

In FIG. 3, the maximum transmittance is designated as one block, and the block with the minimum transmittance is designated as N. For example, the number of grains A sampled at one time is 2,000 grains, the time for detection by the shedding rate sensor 7 is 20 seconds, the block @N is 64 blocks, and each block is divided into 6 bits. . In addition, the output voltage corresponding to each average amount of transmitted light among the total number of blocks N is defined as one signal voltage ■, and is set from 0 to 12.
■It is set to be output as (volts).

The brown rice average block value is the average value of brown rice, and the calculation of this brown rice average block value ■ is based on the number of grains when the number of brown rice grains is at the peak value of mountain line B in Figure 3. A value obtained by dividing the sum of light amounts of blocks whose number of grains is within a certain value M (for example, 25 grains) by the sum of the number of grains. That is, the average amount of transmitted light per grain at the peak line B portion is determined. In this case, if there are no blocks with a peak grain count of 25 or more, for example, an IO block, the calculation is performed in the same manner as above using the top 10 blocks.

The paddy average block value ■ is the average value of 5 paddy, and the calculation of this paddy block value ■ is based on the total number of sampled grains (2, QQQ
A block obtained by cutting, for example, 5 grains from the paddy measurement (grains) is set as the largest block, and the value obtained by dividing the sum of the light amount integration of n blocks (for example, 10 blocks) from this paddy side by the sum of the number of grains. That is, the average amount of transmitted light per grain at the peak line C portion is determined.

In this way, when the paddy average block value (■) of the brown rice average block value (■) is determined, the boundary block value (threshold) ■ is calculated using the following formula based on these block values (■, ■).

■=(■1■)

Less than 100 grains...K=0.55 100-149 grains...K:0.47 150 grains or more...-K=0.40 In general, depending on the shedding rate, the shape of the transmittance curve changes to the fourth shape.
It is created as shown in Figs. FIG. 4 shows that when the hulling rate is high (for example, 90% or more), the mountain line C is not formed on the paddy side, but a simple slope line is formed. In this form, K
=0.55.

Also, Figure 5 shows when the shedding rate is normal (for example, 80 to 90).
%), and in this form where a low mountain line C is formed on the rice side, K
=0.47.

Also, Figure 6 shows when the shedding rate is low (e.g. 80% or less)
A high mountain line C is formed on the rice side. In this form, K=
It is set to 0.4.

As mentioned above, the value of K is changed according to the number of grains in n blocks on the rice side, and the boundary block value ■ is changed. When the number of grains is small, the number of paddy grains is small and the dehulling rate is high and the boundary block is used.
When the number of grains is large (Fig. 4), or conversely, the boundary block value ■ is set to a smaller value (Fig. 6).

When calculating the dehulling rate based on the distribution of the sample grains A of polished rice, the distribution for the transmittance of the emitted light from the dehulling rate sensor 7 is not a completely separated distribution form between brown rice and paddy, but rather a phase polymerization of both. The accuracy of the calculated shedding rate is determined by the boundary block value (threshold value for determining brown rice and paddy). By taking advantage of the fact that the number of grains in the upper block on the paddy side changes depending on the actual pulping rate, and adjusting the position of the boundary block according to the number of grains, the accuracy of the calculated pulping rate relative to the actual pulping rate can be improved. I can do it.

In this way, once the boundary block value ■ is determined, for example,
The ratio of the total number of grains on the brown rice side (brown rice grains) to the total number of grains sampled (2,000 grains) is calculated from the boundary block value ■ as shown in the following equation and used as the shedding rate.

Nulling rate = {(total number of grains in blocks with sampled total grains 1 or more)/sampling total number of grains} XIOO (%) Once the pulping rate is calculated, various controls such as pulping rate control be exposed. The gap between the shredding rolls of the shredding device l is controlled by the servo motor l so that the calculated shedding ratio becomes the set shedding ratio.
4 etc. to control the opening and closing output.

Light amount adjustment control will be explained with reference to FIG. The shedding rate curve is moved in the horizontal direction by changing the amount of light from the light emitting element l2 of the shedding rate sensor 7. A light intensity adjustment setting range L suitable for distinguishing between brown rice and paddy is determined in advance, and when the peak value ■ of the brown rice average block value of the hulling rate curve falls within this light intensity adjustment setting range L, the hulling rate sensor The control configuration is such that the light amount adjustment control of step 7 is completed.

Based on the signal of the sampling grains A of the crushed rice actually passing through, the amount of sensor light of the hulling rate sensor 7 is adjusted to an appropriate amount of light.

The signal of sampling grain A is divided into N divisions as a signal voltage (0 to 12V), the frequency of each block in each division is calculated and expressed as a frequency distribution, and the voltage of the maximum frequency (peak value ■) is taken as the average signal voltage of brown rice. I reckon. A light amount adjustment output 18 is controlled by a light crushing control device 15 coexisting with the pulp removal rate control device 6 to control the senna light amount so that the brown rice voltage falls within an appropriate range L.

As for the outline of this adjustment control, the transmittance curve (peak value ■) by the shedding rate sensor 7 moves to the low voltage side when the sensor light amount is increased and brightened by the light amount adjustment output 18 (FF → 00). , decrease the sensor light intensity to make it darker (
00-FF) and move to the high voltage side.

Regarding the method of changing the light amount, see Fig. 7, Fig. 8, and Fig. 9, and the initial setting is as follows. Since the light amount data has been cleared, the light amount ladder starts at the darkest side, 12V (FF), and then changes the light amount as shown below based on the distribution state.

In the transmittance particle number distribution, the block value indicating the maximum frequency is defined as Bmax. The appropriate light amount adjustment range is L (B. ~ B,), and the center of this L (B. ~ B,) is Bc. One change adjustment i (bit) is set as shown in FIG. 9 by the difference ΔB = B max B c between the peak value B II lax of the block with the maximum power and the center value B c of the appropriate light amount adjustment range.

Note that in this case, the amount of one change when Bmax<Bo is +lbit. Bit of light intensity ladder (b i
When t) is decreased, a return process is controlled in the event that the setting range is exceeded.

In this way, in the light amount control by the light amount control device 15 of the shedding rate sensor 7, the number of grains within a certain period of time is counted by the grain signal detection circuit 21, and as shown in FIG. When the grain count is below a certain number for a predetermined number of consecutive times (H) or occurs intermittently, the sloughing rate sensor 7 is assumed to be in an abnormal state and an output is sent to the alarm 17. do. In other words, detect the number of grains within a certain period of time. If it continues to be smaller than the preset number H times, it is determined that the shedding rate sensor 7 is abnormal.

In the removal rate sensor 7, if the light amount of the light emitting element l2 is too strong, the amount of light transmitted through the sampling grain A and this grain A
The amount of light from the surroundings also increases, and the light receiving element 13 often becomes unable to detect the presence or absence of A, especially for brown rice. When the grain signal detection circuit 2l cannot detect the presence or absence of such sampling grains A, it cannot detect the grain signal. Therefore, the number of grains counted within a certain period of time by this grain signal detection circuit 21 is compared with a preset number of grains to determine whether there is an abnormality. however,
Taking into consideration that sampling grains A may have temporary flow defects, etc., it is optimal to determine an abnormality when the grain number count below a certain number occurs H times in a row.

In the graph (Fig. 1l) showing the relational characteristics between the light emission 31 (V) of the light emitting element 12 of the shedding rate sensor 7 and the output (V) of the light receiving element 13, the signal of the grain signal detection circuit 21 is small or This means that there is no control use area (a).
This corresponds to area (c). In other words, the output of the light-receiving element l3 is too small because the light emission by the light-emitting element l2 is too large, or the light-receiving element 13 is
The reason for this is that the output of (2) is getting smaller. If the shedding rate sensor 7 is normal, the output of the light receiving element 13 will change in the direction of increasing as the amount of light emitted by the light emitting element 12 is decreased. This may be used to determine whether the shedding rate sensor 7 is abnormal or normal. As shown in FIG. 12, when the number of grains detected by the grain signal detection circuit 21 is less than a certain number, the output from the output circuit 19 is adjusted and controlled by the light amount adjustment output 18 to reduce the amount of light emitted. If the output changes, it is determined that the flow of sampling grains A is defective, and if the output does not change, it is determined that the removal rate sensor 7 is defective.

It is assumed that such a determination result is displayed on the alarm device 17.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a control block diagram, Fig. 2 is a slope view of the huller, Fig. 3 is a graph showing the transmittance curve detected by the hulling rate sensor, and Fig. 4 is a graph showing the transmittance curve detected by the husking rate sensor. Figures 6 to 6 are graphs showing the waveform form of the graph and an example of the arithmetic processing control form, Figure 7 is a graph showing the optical bond adjustment effect, and Figures 8 and 9 are diagrams of transmittance curves and their creation. The table, Figure 10 is a flowchart for controlling the pulp removal rate sensor, Figure 11 is a graph showing the characteristics of the pulp removal rate sensor, and Figure 12 is a flowchart for controlling the pulp removal rate sensor in a different embodiment from Figure 10. It is. Explanation of symbols 6 Skipping rate control device 7 Skipping rate sensor 11 l 2 1 5 l 8 Microcomputer light emitting element l3 Light receiving element light amount control device 17 1 alarm

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a pulp removal rate sensor that detects and controls the removal rate while transmitting and detecting a predetermined number of sampled grains using sensor light oscillated from a light emitting element to a light receiving element, when a state in which the number of counted grains is less than a certain number of times occurs, An abnormality detection method characterized by determining an abnormality in a shedding rate sensor.