JPH0385428A - Measuring system of hulling rate - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable calculation of a hulling rate by preparing a transmittivity grain number distribution on the basis of transmittivity of a sensor projection of a sampling grain which is inputted from a hulling rate sensor. CONSTITUTION:When a sampling grain of hulled rice in a prescribed quantity is measured in a gulling rate sensor 7, transmittivity by sensor projection to each sampling grain is detected, transmittivity by the sensor projection in each division of the transmittivity is detected and a transmittivity grain number distribution for each division of the transmittivity is prepared and controlled in a hulling rate control device 6. Based on the form of the transmittivity grain number distribution and on a hulled rice average block value and an unhulled rice average block value in each division of the transmittivity calculated from the transmittivity grain number distribution,a boundary block value, which is the boundary between hulled rice and unhulled rice, is calculated and controlled. A hulling rate is calculated and controlled on the basis of this boundary block value.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention relates to a method for measuring the pulp removal rate, and is used in hulling machines, hulling and sorting plants, etc. to control hulling and distinguish between brown rice and paddy. It can be used for sorting control of sorting equipment.

(Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention) A rice huller adjusts the roll gap between a pair of hulling rolls so that the hulling ratio is constant. However, since the roll gap adjustment is performed based on the gap between the de-pulping rolls, there is often a large difference between the actual de-pulping ratio.

This invention aims to accurately and automatically measure the husking rate to facilitate the automation of hulling control such as adjusting the roll gap of a hulling machine.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention uses a pulping rate control device that transmits the sensor light of a pulping rate sensor through sampling grains and creates and controls a transmittance grain number distribution for each transmittance class based on this input. , the dehulling rate is calculated and controlled by determining the boundary value between brown rice and paddy from the form of the transmittance grain number distribution and the average value of transmittance of brown rice, paddy, etc. Determine the method of measurement.

(Function) When a certain amount of sampled grains of removed rice are measured with a pulping rate sensor, the hulling rate control device detects the transmittance of each sampled grain by the sensor light emission, and calculates the transmittance for each transmittance category. Particle number distribution is controlled. The boundary block value, which is the boundary between brown rice and paddy, is determined by the form of this transmittance grain number distribution, the brown rice average block value for each transmittance category, and the paddy average block value calculated from this transmittance grain number distribution. Calculation controlled. The shedding rate is calculated and controlled based on the boundary block value in the transmittance grain number distribution.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the present invention provides the above-mentioned means,
A transmittance grain number distribution is created based on the transmittance of the sensor light of the sampled grains inputted from the pulp removal rate sensor, and based on this transmittance grain number distribution, the boundary value between brown rice and paddy is determined. Since the dehulling rate is calculated and automatically determined, it is possible to maintain high-speed control and high-precision control by linking it to automatic adjustment of the dehulling roll gap, etc.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In Fig. 2, the hulling machine has a hulling device RA1, which is composed of a pair of hulling rolls having a difference in rotational circumferential speed, on the upper part of the machine, a paddy supply funnel 2 that supplies paddy to this hulling device 1, and a hulling device RA1, which supplies paddy to this hulling device 1, and device 1
It has a sorting device 3 consisting of a rotating sorting tube that sorts the husked rice into brown rice and paddy, and the lower part of the machine is used to wind-sort the husked rice from the husking device 1. A wind selection device 4, a wind selection device 5 for wind-selecting brown rice by the sorting device W13, and the like are provided.

Also, on one side of the machine, there is a husking rate control device 6 that controls the hulling.
In addition, a hulling rate sensor 7 is provided which detects the hulling rate from some of the sampled grains of the washed rice while flowing down the sampled grains. 8 is a rice grain frying machine.
It is configured to receive the crushed rice that has been hulled by the hulling device 1, the returned mixed rice that has been sorted by the sorting device 4, and to fry the grain to this sorting device 4. Reference numeral 9 denotes a brown rice frying machine, which is configured to receive and take out the brown rice that has been wind-selected by the wind-selecting device 5. IO is a dust extractor that sucks and discharges rice husks, dust, etc. that have been air-selected by each air-selecting device 4.5.

In FIG. 1, in a pulping rate control device 6 having a microcomputer 11, sampling grains A of crushed rice are added to the light emitted from a light emitting element 12 constituting a pulping rate sensor 7 to a light receiving element 13. By passing each grain across the grain, the amount of transmitted light emitted when this sampling grain A is irradiated is inputted, and a calculation process for the shedding rate is performed.

The light amount control device 15 is provided as a part of the pulp removal rate control device 6, has an output circuit 19 for a light amount adjustment output 18 that adjusts and controls the light amount of the light emitting element 12, and also has an output circuit 19 for controlling the light amount of the light emitting element 12. an input circuit 20 for inputting the amount of transmitted light for each time, and -
A coarse signal detection circuit 21 is provided to detect a signal for each grain, and the light amount from the light emitting element 12 is automatically adjusted so as to fall within a preset light amount adjustment setting range.

3 to 6, the control process for calculating the skipping rate will be explained. FIG. 3 shows a transmittance grain number distribution (hereinafter referred to as a transmittance curve) in which the transmittance of the amount of light per grain of a predetermined number of sampled grains A detected by the shedding rate sensor 7 is graphically expressed as a frequency distribution. - It shows the form of boat fishing.

The process of calculating the shedding rate in the shedding rate control device 6 is as follows (1)
Graphic processing control of such a transmittance curve is performed.

(2) Calculate and control the brown rice average block value ■ and the paddy average block value ■ from this transmittance curve.

(3) Calculate and control the boundary block value ■ (threshold), which is the boundary position between brown rice and paddy in the transmittance curve.

(4) The dehulling rate is calculated and controlled based on the number of sampled grains on the brown rice side and the number of sampled grains on the paddy side with this boundary block value as the boundary.

This is done by controlling each process. This will be explained in more detail.

In FIG. 3, the maximum transmittance is designated as one block, and the block with the minimum transmittance is designated as N. For example, −
The number of grains A sampled each time is 2,000 grains, the time for detection by the shedding rate sensor 7 is 20 seconds, the number of blocks N is 64 blocks, and each block is divided into 6 bits. Also, if the output voltage corresponding to each average amount of transmitted light among the total number of blocks N is one signal voltage V, O~12
It is set to output as V (volts).

The brown rice average block value ■ is the average value of brown rice, and the calculation of this brown rice average block value ■ is based on the number of grains when the number of brown rice grains is the peak value of the output line B in Figure 3. A value obtained by dividing the sum of light amounts of blocks whose number of grains is within a certain value M (for example, 25 grains) by the sum of the number of grains. That is, the average amount of transmitted light per grain in the core wire B portion is determined. In this case, if there are no blocks with a peak grain number of 25 or more, for example, 10 blocks or more, the calculation is performed in the same manner as above using the top 10 blocks.

The paddy average block value ■ is the average value of paddy, and the calculation of this paddy block value ■ is based on the total number of sampled grains (2,000
A block obtained by cutting, for example, 5 grains from the cut side of the grains is defined as the maximum block, and the sum of the light quantity integration of n blocks (for example, 10 blocks) from this cut side is divided by the sum of the number of grains. That is, the average amount of transmitted light per grain of the core wire C portion is determined.

In this way, when the paddy average block value (■) of the brown rice average block value (■) is determined, the boundary block value (threshold) ■ is calculated from each of these block values (■, ■) using the following formula.

■=(■-■)

Less than 100 grains ・-K = 0.55100-149
Grains・-K=0.47150 or more grains...K=
0.40 In general, the form of the transmittance curve is created as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 depending on the level of the removal rate. Figure 4 shows
When the removal rate is high (for example, 90% or more), no exit line C is formed on the cutting side, but a simple inclined line is formed. In this formation, =0.55.

Also, Figure 5 shows when the shedding rate is normal (for example, 80 to 90).
%), a low outgoing line C is formed on the incision side.

In this form, K = 0.47.

Also, Figure 6 shows when the shedding rate is low (e.g. 8% or less)
Thus, a high outgoing line C is formed on the cutting side. In this form =
It is set to 0.4.

As mentioned above, the value of % is changed according to the number of grains of the n blocks on the cut side, and the boundary block value ■ is changed. When the number of grains is small, the number of paddy grains is small and the dehulling rate is high and the boundary block is used.
When the number of grains is large (Fig. 4), or conversely, when the number of grains is large, the boundary block value (■) is set to a small value (Fig. 6).

When calculating the dehulling rate from the distribution of the sample grains A of polished rice, the distribution for the transmittance of the emitted light from the dehulling rate sensor 7 is not a completely separated distribution form between brown rice and paddy, but a phase polymerization of both. The accuracy of the calculated shedding rate is determined by the boundary block value (threshold value for determining brown rice and paddy). By taking advantage of the fact that the number of grains in the upper rice temperature block changes depending on the realization rate, and adjusting the position of the boundary block according to the number of grains, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the calculated shedding rate with respect to the realization rate. .

In this way, once the boundary block value ■ is determined, for example, the total number of grains on the brown rice side (brown rice flour) is calculated from the boundary block value ■ for the total number of grains sampled (2,000 grains) as shown in the following equation.
Find the ratio and use it as the shedding rate.

Pleasure rate = ((total number of grains sampled - total number of grains in blocks larger than ■)/total number of grains sampled) xlOO (%) Once the shedding rate is calculated, various controls, such as shedding rate control, are performed. . The servo motor 1 adjusts the gap between the shredding rolls of the shredding device l so that the calculated shedding ratio becomes the set shedding ratio.
4 etc. to control opening and closing output.

Regarding the calculation of the brown rice average block value, Figure 7 shows the distribution around the peak of brown rice, which is enlarged in the part shown by the arrow ■ in Figure 3, and the block n where the peak grain number R is It may not match block n-2. The block with the peak number of grains is n, but the average block of brown rice is considered to be around n-2. In such a case, by using the following formula to find the average transmittance of blocks in which the number of grains is equal to or greater than the number of grains subtracted by a certain number of grains from the peak grain number as a reference, an appropriate average block value of brown rice can be determined by suppressing the variation. ■Can be calculated.

Brown rice average block value = (applicable block number) x (applicable block number of grains) addition value/applicable block total number of grains = (n X R+ (n -1) X Rl + (
n -2)xR2+ (n-3)XR3+ (n-4)
xR4> / (R+R1+R2+R3+R4) Regarding the calculation of the paddy average block value, Fig. 8 shows the distribution near the enlarged paddy block in the part shown by the ■ arrow in Fig. 3. The blocks are scattered by n+2. Considering the average transmittance of a certain number of upper grains,
The number of top grains changes depending on the level of the hulling rate, so if the hulling rate is high, it will be the average of a wide range of blocks, and if the hulling ratio is low, it will be the average of a narrow range of blocks, and the paddy average block value ■Depends on the shedding rate.

Block n, which is obtained by cutting a certain number of grains from block n - = n + 2 on the upper cut side (part with a lot of variation), is the largest block, and with this block n as the reference, a certain range on the smaller side (brown rice drop) block n w n
By calculating the average transmittance of -4 using the following equation, it is possible to suppress variations and calculate an appropriate paddy average block value (■).

Paddy average block value = Added value of (number of applicable block) x (number of grains of that block) / Total number of grains of applicable block = (nXR+ (n-1)xR1+ (n-2)XR
2+ (n-3)xR3+ (n-4)XR4)/ (
R+R1+R2+R3+R4) In the above embodiment, the case where the dehulling rate is calculated based on the number of brown rice grains and paddy grains using the boundary block value ■ as a partition was explained. It is also possible to calculate the dehulling rate based on the area ratio of each area to the paddy. When using this calculation form, the accuracy of calculating the shedding rate can be further improved.

FIG. 9 shows a transmittance curve obtained by the shedding rate sensor 7 during shedding of non-glutinous rice, and FIG. 10 shows a transmittance curve of glutinous rice. Using the transmittance curves obtained as shown in Figures 3 to 6 above, the following formula ((voltage of paddy average block value ■)
−(Voltage of brown rice average block value ■)) xK+ (Voltage of brown rice average block value ■) Distinguishes between paddy and brown rice, and sets and controls the boundary voltage (discrimination voltage) of the 5 boundary block value ■.

Using this boundary voltage as the boundary, calculate the amount of transmitted light of all brown rice on the brown rice side as the area of voltage, calculate the amount of transmitted light of all grains of brown rice and paddy as the area of voltage, and calculate the dehulling rate by the ratio of these. .

Dehulling rate = (1 - (amount of light transmitted through whole brown rice) / (amount of light transmitted through whole grain))
100

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a control block diagram, Fig. 2 is a slope view of the huller, Fig. 3 is a graph showing the transmittance curve detected by the hulling rate sensor, and Fig. 4 is a graph showing the transmittance curve detected by the hulling rate sensor. 6 to 6 are graphs showing examples of the waveform form and arithmetic processing control mode of the graph, FIG. 7 is an example of enlarged distribution of the part shown by the ■ arrow in FIG. 3, and FIG. 8 is the part seen by the ■ arrow in FIG. Expanded distribution examples, Figures 9 and 10.
The figure is a graph showing an example of the same transmittance curve for explaining another example. Explanation of symbols 6 Slipping rate control device 7 Slipping rate sensor 11 Microcomputer

Claims (1)

[Claims] The sampling grains are transmitted through the sensor light of the pulp removal rate sensor, and the shape of the transmission grain number distribution, brown rice, A method for measuring the dehulling rate, characterized in that the dehulling rate is calculated and controlled by determining the boundary value between brown rice and paddy from the transmission average value of the paddy and paddy.