JPH03221846A - Light quantity adjustment control system for rice-hull removing rate sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To control the adjustment of light quantity within a short time by executing initial adjustment for changing the light quantity of a light emitting element so that the output level of a light receiving element becomes constant at the initial time when no slided rice flows. CONSTITUTION:While allowing slided rice S from an unhulled rice sliding device to flow into a sensor light projection area in which light is projected from the light emitting element to the light receiving element 2, a hull removing rate sensor 5 finds out a threshold K which is a boundary between unhulled rice 'momi' M and unpolished rice 'genmai' G and calculates a hull removing rate by a transmitted light quantity distribution 4 of the sensor projecting light. A hull removing rate control device 11 executes initial adjustment for changing the light quantity of the element 1 so that the output level of the element 2 becomes constant at the initial time when no slided rice S flows and sets up the obtained quantity of light emission as the starting light quantity for light quantity adjustment to be executed after the flow of the slided rice S. Since the quantity of light emission due to the element 1 is included in the proper light receiving quantity range L of the element 2 by the initial adjust ment from the start of the light quantity adjustment control when the slided rice starts to flow, the light quantity adjustment control can be accurately and rapidly executed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a light amount adjustment control method for a hulling rate sensor used for controlling the hulling of a hulling machine.

(Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention) A sensor emits light from a light emitting element to a light receiving element, and while flowing the polished rice in the sensor light emitting area, the transmitted light amount distribution is determined by the amount of transmitted light received by the light emitting element. Using the husking rate sensor that is created and controlled, the threshold value that is the boundary between paddy and brown rice is determined from this transmitted light amount distribution, the husking rate is calculated, and the hulling is controlled based on the husking rate. In other words, the transmitted light amount distribution changes depending on the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element, and even if the amount of light is the same, the amount of light received often differs from sensor to sensor depending on the characteristics of the shedding rate sensor.

This invention automatically adjusts the light amount of the shedding rate sensor, but in this case, the light amount adjustment control is performed in accordance with the characteristics of the rate sensor described in each detail, and the light amount adjustment control is performed in a short time. It's something you want to complete.

(Means for Solving the Problems) This invention provides for transmitting the sensor light while flowing the rice S removed by the hulling device 3 into the sensor light emitting area where light is emitted from the light emitting element 1 to the light receiving element 2. Paddy M and brown rice G by light intensity distribution 4
In the pulp removal rate sensor 5, which calculates the pulp removal rate by determining the threshold value that is the boundary between A light amount adjustment control method is provided, which is characterized in that an initial adjustment is made to change the light amount of the element 1, and the light emitted amount at this time is used as a start light amount for the light amount adjustment performed after the rolled rice S has flowed out.

(Function) When the initial adjustment control is performed with the scraped rice S not flowing to the scraping rate sensor 5, the drive voltage of the light emitting element 1 is gradually increased from a low voltage, so that the amount of light emitted by the light emitting element is increased. The amount of light received by the light receiving element 2 increases sequentially depending on the amount of light emitted. Since the range of the appropriate amount of light received by the light receiving element 2 is predetermined as the appropriate amount of light received, the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element 1 when it falls within the lowest range of this range of appropriate amount of light received is the starting light amount for light amount adjustment. shall be.

When such initial adjustment is completed, the light amount adjustment by the light amount adjustment control is started depending on the flow of the crushed rice.

When the scraped rice is detected by the shedding rate sensor 5, a transmitted light amount distribution 4 is formed. At the start of light intensity adjustment, the light emission amount of light emitting element 1 is at the lowest level, so the position of the transmitted light amount distribution is in the region where the amount of transmitted light is small as a whole, and the light amount adjustment setting range that is set as appropriate for this is Since the area is large, the amount of light emitted is controlled to increase sequentially, and light amount adjustment control is performed so that the transmitted light amount distribution falls within the light amount adjustment setting range.

(Effects of the Invention) When the pulping rate is detected by the pulping rate sensor 5 as described above, the characteristics of the pulping rate sensor 5 are adjusted by initial adjustment before the washed rice flows to the pulping rate sensor 5. The amount of light emitted by the light emitting element l is adjusted and controlled by the drive voltage etc. so that it falls within a certain appropriate amount of light received according to the amount of light received, and then,
After the rice has flowed out, the amount of emitted light determined by this initial adjustment is used as the starting amount of light, and the transmitted light amount distribution 4 is moved to the light amount adjustment setting range while gradually changing the amount of light. From the start of the light amount adjustment control when the washed rice begins to flow, the light emitting element 1 is adjusted in advance by initial adjustment.
Since the amount of light emitted by the light receiving element 2 is within the appropriate amount of light received by the light receiving element 2, the light amount adjustment control is performed accurately and quickly.

(Example) On the national side, as shown in FIG. 6, the huller is equipped with a paddy supply device 3, which supplies paddy to the huller device 3, which is composed of a pair of dehulling rolls 6 having a rotational circumferential speed difference, on the upper part of the machine. It has a funnel 7 and a sorting device 8 consisting of a rotary sorting tube that sorts the crushed rice S that has been hulled by the hulling device 3 into brown rice G and paddy M. A wind selection device 9 for wind screening the rice that has been removed by the sliding device 3, and a wind selection device 10 for wind screening the brown rice etc. sorted by the sorting device 8 are provided.

In addition, on one side of the machine, there is a husking semi-control device 1 that controls the hulling.
1 is provided, and a hulling rate sensor 5 is provided which detects the hulling rate from some of the sampled grains of the washed rice S while flowing down the sampled grains.

12 is a crushed rice grain lifting machine, which receives the crushed rice crushed by the hulling device 3, the returned mixed rice sorted by the sorting device 8, etc.
The grain is fried to this sorting device 8. Reference numeral 13 denotes a brown rice lifting machine, which is configured to receive and take out the brown rice that has been air-sorted by the brown rice wind sorting device 10 below the sorting device 3. 14 is a dust extractor,
The rice husks, dust, etc. that have been air-sorted by the wind-selecting devices 9 and 10 are sucked and discharged.

In FIG. 1, a shedding semi-control device 11 having a microcomputer CPU receives input from a shedding rate sensor 5 and controls the output of a gap control motor 15 that adjusts the roll gap of the shedding rolls 6. It is. The pulp removal rate sensor 5 allows the light emitted from the light emitting element 1 to the light receiving element 2 to pass through each sampled grain of the polished rice S, so that the light receiving element 2 when the sampled grains are irradiated with the light emitted from the light emitting element 1.
It detects the amount of transmitted light received by the filter and outputs the detected amount to the skimming semi-control device 11.

The light amount control device 16 is provided as a part of the stripper control device 11, and has an output circuit 17 for automatically adjusting the light amount of the light emitting element 1, and also has an output circuit 17 for automatically controlling the light amount of the light emitting element 1. An input circuit 18 for inputting the amount of transmitted light, and a grain signal detection circuit 19 for detecting a signal for each grain are provided, and the light amount from the light emitting element 1 is automatically controlled so that it falls within the light amount adjustment setting range based on a preset reference voltage. It is a configuration that can be adjusted and controlled.

Regarding the arithmetic processing control of the pulp removal rate in the pulp removal rate control device 11, FIG. This figure shows a general form of a graphic transmittance particle number distribution curve (hereinafter referred to as transmitted light amount distribution) 4.

The calculation processing control of the shedding rate is as follows: (1) Graphic processing control of the transmitted light amount distribution 4 is performed.

(2) From this transmitted light amount distribution 4, the brown rice average block value K
G and the grain average block value KM are calculated and controlled.

(3) The calculation process is controlled using the boundary block value, which is the boundary position between brown rice G and paddy M in the transmitted light amount distribution, as a threshold value.

(4) With this threshold value K as a boundary, the rate of pleasure is calculated and controlled based on the number of sampled grains on the brown rice G side and the number of sampled grains on the paddy M side.

This is done through each process.

To explain this threshold value calculation control in more detail, the transmittance of the amount of transmitted light is divided into N blocks from 1 to N from the maximum transmittance to the minimum transmittance, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the number of grains sampled for - times is set to 2.0, for example.
00 grains, the detection time is 20 seconds, and the number of blocks N is set to 64, etc. Further, the output voltage corresponding to each average amount of transmitted light among the total number of blocks N is set to be output as a signal voltage of .about.10.about.10 (volts).

Brown rice average block value KG is the average value of brown rice,
This calculation is based on the number of brown rice grains at the peak value in Figure 5, and a fixed value (for example, 25 grains) from this reference grain number.
The sum of the light intensity integration of blocks with grain numbers within the range of
The value shall be divided by the added value of the number of grains. That is, the average amount of transmitted light per grain of brown rice at its peak value is determined. In this case, if, for example, 10 blocks with a peak grain number of 25 grains or more are not swirled, the calculation is performed in the same manner as above using the top 10 blocks.

The paddy average block value KM is the average value of paddy, and in this calculation, the maximum block is a block obtained by cutting, for example, 5 grains from the fine side of the total number of sampled grains (2,000 grains), and a certain block from this fine side is calculated. (For example, the value obtained by dividing the sum of the light amount integration of block 0) by the sum of the number of grains. That is,
The average amount of transmitted light per grain of rice M at its peak value is determined.

In this way, when the brown rice average block value KG and the paddy average block value KM are determined, each of these block values is given a threshold value K, which is the boundary block value, by G and KM.
is calculated and controlled by the following formula.

K=(KM-KG)xk+KG k: Constant This constant k is set as follows according to the number of grains of the upper]O block where the paddy block value KM was calculated.

Less than 100 grains...k=0.55100~149
Grains...k=0.47 150 grains or more"2 -...k=0.40 When calculating the hulling rate based on the distribution of the sampled grains of polished rice, The distribution is not a distribution form in which brown rice G and paddy M are completely separated, but a distribution with a part where the two are phase-polymerized, and the threshold is located on the side of brown rice G from this polymerized part, and this The accuracy of the calculated skipping rate is determined by the threshold value K. By taking advantage of the fact that the number of grains in the upper block on the fine side changes depending on the actual rate, and adjusting the boundary block position according to the number of grains, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the calculated skipping rate relative to the actual rate. .

In this way, once the threshold value K is determined, the ratio of the total number of grains of brown rice G on the brown rice side to the threshold value K, which is divided into the total number of grains sampled (2,000 grains) as shown in the following equation. Find this and use it as the shedding rate.

Slipping rate = ((total number of grains sampled - total number of grains in blocks above threshold value K)/total number of grains sampled) x 10
0 (%) When the shedding rate is calculated in this manner, the gap control motor 15 is output to adjust the roll gap so that the calculated shedding rate becomes the set shedding rate.

The light amount adjustment control will be explained with reference to FIG. The transmitted light amount distribution 4 is moved in the horizontal direction by changing the light amount of the light emitting element 1 of the shedding rate sensor 5. Decide in advance the light intensity adjustment setting range suitable for distinguishing between brown rice G and paddy M,
When the brown rice block value KG, which is the peak image of the brown rice average block of the transmittance distribution 4, falls within this light intensity adjustment setting range, the control is configured so that the light intensity adjustment control of the pulp removal rate sensor 1 is terminated.

The sensor light amount of the pulp removal rate sensor 5 is adjusted to an appropriate light amount based on the signal of the sampled grains of the polished rice S that actually passes through.

The signal of the sampling grain is divided into N divisions as a signal voltage (0-10V), the frequency for each block of each division is calculated and expressed as a frequency distribution, and the voltage of the brown rice block value KG of the transmitted light amount distribution 4 at the maximum frequency is calculated as the voltage of brown rice. Regarded as average signal voltage. The sensor light amount is adjusted and outputted by the light amount control device 16 in the pulp removal rate control device 11 so that the brown rice voltage falls within an appropriate range. If you increase the sensor light amount and make it brighter by using the light amount adjustment output (FF → ○O for light amount dollar),
The transmitted light amount distribution 4 moves to the low voltage I11, and also moves to the high voltage side when the sensor light amount is decreased to make it darker (00-FF). In the initial setting, the light amount data is cleared, so it starts at the darkest side, 10V (FF),
Depending on the subsequent distribution state, it is moved by D and is positioned within the appropriate light amount range.

As shown in FIG. 3, the sensor characteristics indicating the relationship between the amount of light emitted by the light emitting element 1 and the amount of light received by the light receiving element 2 are different for each of the shedding rate sensors A, B, and C. This results in variation in the detection sensitivity of the rate sensor. By setting the appropriate light receiving amount range E on the light receiving element 2, the range KA of the amount of light emitted by the light emitting elements 1 of each shedding rate sensor A, B, C,
Since KB and KC are different from each other, if the amount of light emitted at the start of the light amount adjustment is set to a constant value, the amount of light emitted may be too strong or too weak due to the above-mentioned variations. There are some things that are difficult to do.

Therefore, the initial adjustment control detects the characteristics of the pulp removal rate sensor 5 (for example, A) in a state where the sampling grains are not flowing through the pulp removal rate sensor 5. That is, in sensor A, the fourth
As shown in the figure, while measuring the amount of light received at the lowest drive voltage in the appropriate amount of light received range KA, the lowest drive voltage VA in the appropriate amount of received light amount range KA is set as the drive voltage of the light emitting element at the start of light amount adjustment. Then, this drive voltage is outputted from the output circuit 17 as the light emission amount at the time of STAR], and the process moves on to the next light amount adjustment control.

The output from the output circuit 17 is started after the sampling grains have flowed to the pulping rate sensor 5, and may be started at the same time as the shutter of the paddy supply funnel 7 is opened (the fourth
figure). Based on the amount of light emitted by the light emitting element 1 (driving voltage VA), the transmitted light amount distribution that is created while detecting the sampling grains is shifted from the light amount adjustment setting range to the D0 side, as shown in Figure 2. The light quantity adjustment is started from this position 43. The amount of light 2 from this position 43 is changed once after the start of the amount adjustment, which is determined by the difference between the center block position KG in the light amount adjustment setting range and the peak value position of the transmitted light amount distribution 43, The amount of light emitted from the element 1 is changed by the light amount adjustment control device 16. As a result, the transmitted light amount distribution shifts from 43 to 4''-4'-4, reaching the appropriate position.

Note that at the start of the initial adjustment, the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element 1 (
When the driving voltage (driving voltage) corresponds to the appropriate light receiving amount range E of the light receiving element 2, no shadowing or initial adjustment is necessary, so the process may be shifted to light amount adjustment processing by opening the shutter. The brown rice block value KG of the 500-grain distribution among the data of 2,000 sampled grains falls within the appropriate range once, and at this time the distribution of 500 grains is taken again, and the brown rice block value KG falls within the appropriate range again. When it enters, the light amount adjustment control ends.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a control block diagram, Fig. 2 is an action graph showing light amount adjustment processing control, Fig. 3 is a graph showing the characteristics of the pulp removal rate sensor, and Fig. 4 is a graph showing the characteristics of the pulp removal rate sensor. The figure is a flowchart showing a part of the control action, FIG. 5 is a graph showing the transmitted light amount distribution, and FIG. 6 is a slope view of the huller. (Explanation of symbols) Light emitting element 2 Light receiving element 3 Hulling device 4 Transmitted light amount distribution 5 Nulling rate sensor

Claims (1)

[Claims] While the grained rice S from the hulling device 3 is flowing through the sensor light emitting area where light is emitted from the light emitting element 1 to the light receiving element 2, the transmitted light amount distribution 4 of the sensor light is used to detect the rice grains at the boundary between the paddy M and brown rice G. A shedding rate sensor 5 that calculates a shedding rate by determining a certain threshold value K
At the initial stage when the rice S is not flowing, the light intensity of the light emitting element 1 is changed so that the output level of the light receiving element 2 becomes a constant value. A light amount adjustment control method characterized in that the light amount is set as the start light amount for light amount adjustment performed after the light begins to flow.