JPH0440242A - Controlling apparatus for husking ratio of husker - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent closing operation of the gap of husking rolls in vain by computing husking ratio while husk-removed rice is led to pass a sensor light projecting region of a husking ratio sensor by a husk removing apparatus to carry out open operation of the roll gap of husk removing rolls and then recovering the husking ratio by adjusting quantity of light. CONSTITUTION:In the upper part of it, a husk removing machine has a husking apparatus 2 consisting of a pair of husking rolls 5, 6 having different rotating speed, a paddy supplying funnel 7 to supply paddy to the husking apparatus 2, and a sorting apparatus 8 consisting of a rotary sorting cylinder to sort the husk-removed rice 3 which is husked by the husking apparatus 2 into unpolished rice G and husk M and in the lower part of the machine, a blowing and sorting apparatus 9, etc. to blow a wind and sort the husk-removed rice by the husking apparatus 2 is installed. A husking ratio sensor 1 detects the quantity of permeated light which a photodetector 17 receives when light is applied to a sampling grain by passing sampling grains of the husk- removed rice 3 one by one transversely to the luminous light radiated from a light emitting device 16 to the photodetector 17 and the sensor 1 sends an output to a husking ratio controlling apparatus 10. Consequently, vain wear of husk removing rolls is lessened.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a dehulling rate control device for a rice huller.

(Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention) When the removal rate of a rice huller is 80 to 90%, the motor that drives the removal rolls, etc. is unlikely to be overloaded; In the case of rice that is difficult to handle, if you set the derolling rate high, the motor is likely to be overloaded before the set derolling rate is reached.In such cases, to prevent overload, the derolling When the gap is opened, therefore, such control is performed by the removal rate sensor, the removal roll gap is repeatedly closed and the removal roll gap is opened to prevent overload, which results in faster wear of the removal roll. . In particular, when the light amount of the removal rate sensor is not properly adjusted, such a removal roll gap is often closed in vain.

This invention attempts to solve the above-mentioned problems by once opening the gap between the rolls for removing the rolls, and then adjusting the amount of light to restore the removal rate.

(Means for Solving the Problems) According to the present invention, rice husk is installed in the sensor light emitting area of the removal rate sensor 1!
When the removal rate sensor, which calculates the removal rate and adjusts and controls the roll gap between the pair of removal rolls 5 and 6 while passing the removed rice 3 from 2, is overloaded, this overload is detected. A dehulling rate control device for a rice huller, characterized in that the roll gap is opened until the load is released, and the light intensity of the dehulling rate sensor 1 is adjusted to an appropriate light intensity, and then the dehulling rate control is returned to. composition.

(Function) A part of the crushed rice 3 dehulled by the hulling device 2 is supplied as a sampling to the sensor light emitting area of the dehulling rate sensor 1, and the dehulling rate is calculated and controlled based on the transmittance of the sensor light. Based on the comparison between the detected removal rate and a preset removal rate, the roll gap between the removal rolls 5 and 6 is controlled by removal rate control.

In this removal rate control, when the hulling device 2 becomes overloaded, the roll gap between the rolls 5 and 6 is opened, and the overloaded state is released. In this overload release state, the light intensity of the removal rate sensor 1 is adjusted, and when the light intensity is set to an appropriate range, the removal rate is returned to control by detecting the removal rate of the removal rate sensor 1. Ru.

(Effect of the invention) When the hulling device becomes overloaded to the de-hulling rate sensor in this way,
This overload is immediately released by opening the roll gap, and if the light intensity is not appropriate, the light intensity is adjusted once and then the deactivation rate control is returned to, so the deactivation rate sensor 1, it is possible to maintain accurate removal rate control, reduce the need to close the roll gap, and improve removal rate.
Unnecessary wear of the roll can be reduced.

(Example) In the rotation, the hulling machine has a pair of dehulling rolls 5 and 6 at the top of the machine body, which have a difference in rotational circumferential speed, as shown in Fig. 4.
The rice hulling device 2 consists of this rice hulling device! A sorting device 8 consisting of a paddy supply funnel 7 for supplying paddy to the huller 2, and a rotating sorting tube that sorts the crushed rice 3 removed by the hulling device 2 into brown rice G and paddy M.
etc., and also.

At the bottom of the machine, there is a wind selection device that winds the rice that has been removed from the hulling device 2! There are 9 prizes.

Also, on one side of the machine, there is a dehulling rate control device 1 that controls the hulling.
10 is provided, and a de-dusting rate sensor 1 is provided which detects the de-dusting rate from some of the sampled grains of the washed rice while flowing down the sampled grains. Reference numeral 11 is a crushed rice grain lifting machine, which handles the crushed rice that has been crushed by the hulling device 2 and the sorting equipment! It is configured to receive the returned mixed rice, etc. sorted in step 8, and fry it in the sorter [8]. 12 is a brown rice frying machine, and the sorting device 2
The brown rice sorting device below! It is configured to receive and take out the brown rice selected in step 13. 14 is a dust extractor and each wind sorting device.

This is to suck and discharge the rice husks, dust, etc. that were wind-selected in step 13.9.

In FIG. 1, a removal rate control device 110 having a microcomputer CPU receives input from the removal rate sensor 1 and controls the output of a gap control motor 15 that adjusts the roll gap between removal rolls 5 and 6. It is configured to do this. The removal rate sensor 1 allows the light emitted from the light emitting element 16 to the light receiving element 17 to pass through each sampling grain of the polished rice 3, thereby detecting the value of the light receiving element 17 when the sampled grains are irradiated. The amount of transmitted light received is detected and outputted to the removal rate control device 10. 22 is an overload sensor, which is connected to the hulling device 2. In particular, overload of the motor that drives the unclamping roll 5.6 is detected.

Light control device! Reference numeral 18 includes an output circuit 19 for outputting a light amount adjustment output, which is provided as a part of the removal rate control device IO and automatically adjusts and controls the light amount of one light emitting element 16. Light amount input circuit 20. and - A grain signal detection circuit 21 for detecting a signal for each grain is provided, and the light emitting element 1
In this configuration, the light amount according to No. 6 is automatically adjusted and controlled so that it falls within a light amount adjustment setting range based on a preset reference voltage.

Regarding the arithmetic processing control of the removal rate in the removal rate control device 110, FIG. This figure shows a general form of a graphic transmittance particle number distribution curve (hereinafter referred to as transmitted light amount distribution) 4 (displayed on a display). The calculation process of the breakout rate in the breakout rate control device 10 is as follows: (1) Graphic processing control of the transmitted light amount distribution 4 is performed.

(2) While creating this transmitted light amount distribution 4, the light amount is adjusted so that the brown rice average block value KG falls within the light amount adjustment setting range.

(3) From this transmitted light amount distribution 4, the brown rice average block value KG
and the paddy average block value KM are calculated and controlled.

(4) The calculation process is controlled using the boundary block value, which is the boundary position between brown rice G and paddy M in the transmitted light amount distribution 4, as a threshold value.

(5) With this threshold value K as a boundary, the threshing rate is calculated and controlled based on the number of sampled grains on the brown rice G side and the number of sampled grains on the paddy M side.

performed by each step of This threshold value calculation control will be explained in more detail.

As shown in FIG. 3, the transmittance of the amount of transmitted light is divided into N blocks from 1 to N from the blue sky to the minimum transmittance. Therefore, the number of grains sampled - times is, for example, 2000 grains, and the time required to detect the number of grains sampled by the removal rate sensor 1 is 2.
0 seconds, and the number of blocks N is 63 blocks. Further, the 8-power voltage corresponding to each average amount of transmitted light among the total number of blocks N is set as a single signal voltage, and is set to be inverted and output as 0 to 10V (volts).

The brown rice average block value KG is the average value of brown rice, and this calculation is based on the number of grains when the number of brown rice grains is at the peak value in Figure 3, and a fixed value (for example, 25 grains) from this reference grain number.
The value obtained by dividing the sum of block light quantity integration for the number of grains within the range by the sum of the number of grains. That is, the average amount of transmitted light per grain of brown rice at its peak value is determined. In this case, if the number of blocks with a peak grain count of 25 or more is less than, for example, 10 blocks, the calculation is performed in the same manner as above as the top 10 blocks.

The paddy average block value KM is the average value of paddy, and in this calculation, the maximum block is a block obtained by cutting, for example, 5 grains from the paddy side of the total number of sampled grains (2000 grains), and a certain block ( For example, the value obtained by dividing the sum of the light amount integration for 10 blocks by the sum of the number of particles. That is,
The average amount of transmitted light per grain of rice M peak value portion is determined.

In this way, when the brown rice average block value KG and the paddy average block value KM are determined, the threshold value K, which is the boundary block value, is determined by each of these average block values KG and KM.
is calculated using the following formula.

K= (KM-KG)

Less than 100 grains...k=0.55100~14
9 grains ・・・k=0.47150 grains or more ・・・k
= 0.40 When calculating the removal rate based on the distribution of the sample grains of polished rice, the distribution for the transmittance of the light emitted by the removal rate sensor 1 is not a distribution form in which brown rice G and paddy M are completely separated, The distribution has a portion where both of them are phase-polymerized near the threshold value, and the accuracy of the calculated removal rate is determined by the threshold value K. By taking advantage of the fact that the number of grains in the upper block on the fine side changes depending on the actual shedding rate, and adjusting the position of the boundary block according to the number of grains, the accuracy of the calculated shedding rate relative to the actual shedding rate can be improved. I can do it.

Once the threshold value K is determined in this way, for example, the ratio of the total number of grains of brown rice G on the brown rice side is calculated from the threshold value K to the total number of grains sampled (2000 grains) as shown in the following equation. ■ Rate.

Elimination rate = ((total number of grains sampled - total number of grains in blocks above the threshold value)/total number of grains sampled) x 100
(%) When the shedding rate is calculated in this manner, the gap control motor 5 is outputted to adjust the roll gap so that the calculated shedding rate becomes the set shedding rate.

The light amount adjustment control will be explained with reference to FIG. The transmitted light amount distribution 4 is moved in the horizontal direction by changing the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element 16 of the exfoliation rate sensor 1. Brown rice G and paddy M
A light intensity adjustment setting range suitable for discrimination is determined in advance, and when the brown rice average block value KO, which is the peak value of the brown rice average block of transmittance distribution 4, falls within this light intensity adjustment setting range, the removal rate The control structure is configured so that the light amount adjustment control of the sensor 1 is completed.

Based on the signal of the sampling grains of the polished rice 3 that actually pass through, the sensor light amount of the removal rate sensor 1 is adjusted to an appropriate light amount.

The signal of the sampling grain is divided into N divisions as a signal voltage (0 to 10V), the frequency of each block in each division is calculated and expressed as a frequency distribution, and the voltage of the brown rice average block value KG of transmitted light amount distribution 4, which is the maximum frequency, is calculated. The sensor light amount is adjusted and outputted by the light amount control device 18 in the deactivation rate control device 10 so that the brown rice voltage, which is regarded as the average signal voltage of brown rice, falls within an appropriate range. Increase the sensor light amount to make it brighter (FF → 00 for light amount dollar)
), the transmitted light amount distribution 4 moves to the low signal voltage side, and when the sensor light amount is decreased and darkened (00→FF), it moves to the high signal voltage side. In the initial setting, the light amount data is cleared, so the signal voltage on the darkest side is 10V (FF
), and while observing the subsequent distribution state, move it by ΔB to position it within the appropriate light amount range.

This light amount adjustment control is performed by calculating the difference ΔB between the block value NC at the center position of the light amount adjustment setting range and the brown rice average block value NB of the four curves of the transmitted light amount distribution before adjustment.
By adjusting the output from the output circuit 19 under a constant changing light amount, the brown rice average block value KG of the transmitted light amount distribution 4 curve is moved from NB to NC, and this brown rice average block value KG becomes the light amount. When the adjustment setting range is entered, the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element 16 to the light receiving element 17 is determined.

In Fig. 5, when the dehulling rate is controlled by detecting the dehulling rate by the dehulling rate sensor 1, which adjusts the initial light intensity at the start of the hulling operation, the dehulling rate sensor 1 is not accurate due to dirt etc. If the gap between the rolls narrows and an overload occurs due to the use of rice that is difficult to deviate from, the overload will be detected by the load sensor 22, etc., and the system will be removed. (2) The gap between the rolls 5 and 6 is opened, and the overload is released.

When this overload is released, since a part of the removed rice has been detected by the removal rate sensor 1, the transmitted light amount distribution 4 is created and the light amount adjustment is controlled again. At this time n=
Transmitted light amount distribution 4 is created by sampling 2000 grains, and the light amount when this brown rice average block value KO falls within the light amount adjustment setting range (Figure 2) is determined to be the appropriate light amount by re-light amount adjustment, and the removal is performed. ■Return to rate control. In this way, the arm efficiency detected by the removal rate sensor 1 is compared with the set removal rate, and when it is higher than the set removal rate, the roll gap is opened, and when it is lower, the roll gap is closed. , the hulling operation at the set shedding rate is maintained and controlled.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a control block diagram, Figs. 2 and 3 are graphs of the transmitted light amount distribution in the removal rate sensor, Fig. 4 is a slope view of the hulling machine, and Fig. Figure 5 is undressed.
3 is a flowchart of part of rate control. (Explanation of symbols) 1 De-■ rate sensor 2 Hulling device 3 Dehulled rice 4 Transmitted light amount distribution 5.6 De-■
Roll 16 Light emitting element light amount control device Overload sensor Brown rice threshold 19 Output circuit M paddy

Claims (1)

[Claims] The dehulling process involves calculating the dehulling rate and adjusting and controlling the roll gap between the pair of dehulling rolls 5 and 6 while passing the rice 3 removed by the hulling device 2 through the sensor light emitting area of the dehulling rate sensor 1. When an overload occurs during rate control, the roll gap is opened until the overload is released, the light intensity of the removal rate sensor 1 is adjusted to an appropriate light amount, and then the removal rate control is returned to. A dehulling rate control device for a rice huller.