JPH0438449A - Light quantity control device of dehulling rate sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten the continuation of improper dehulling rate control by light quantity controlling again using the quantity of light due to the control of the quantity of light of the previous time as a start standard and leading the average light transmitivity of unpolished rice to a constant light quantity control set range. CONSTITUTION:At the starting time of hulling work, a part of hulled rice is sampled to be passed through a dehulling rate sensor and the quantity-of- transmitted light distribution 4 due to the light projection of the sensor is prepared and the control of the quantity of light of the dehulling rate sensor is carried out so as to lead the average KG in unpolished rice transmissivity of the quantity-of-transmitted light distribution to a proper quantity-of-light control set range. The quantity of light of the dehulling rate sensor at this time is controlled using the quantity of light determined by the control of the quantity of light of the previous time as a start standard corresponding to the change quantity from the quantity-of-light control set range and the quantity of light obtained when the average of the unpolished rice transmissivity is led to a constant quantity-of-light control set range becomes the proper quantity of light due to the re-control of quantity of light.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a light amount adjustment control method for adjusting the light amount of the dehulling rate sensor for detecting the dehulling rate of a rice huller.

(Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention) In order to maintain and control the removal rate of the huller at a constant level, the transmittance of the sensor light is In an embodiment using a defective rate sensor that calculates the defective rate while detecting the defective rate, the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element of the defective rate sensor to the light receiving element must always be appropriate. Even if the amount of light is initially appropriate, the lens of the dehulling rate sensor may become cloudy, dirty, or deteriorate during the hulling process, or the variety to be hulled may change. In such a case, it is difficult to maintain the same removal rate accuracy with only the initial light amount adjustment, and it is necessary to perform the light amount adjustment again.

The present invention performs such re-light amount adjustment as quickly as possible to quickly return to accurate deactivation rate control.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides for the following features:
Based on the distribution of the amount of transmitted light emitted by this sensor, the threshold value that is the boundary between paddy and brown rice is determined and the removal rate is calculated.
When the average brown rice transmittance of the transmitted light amount distribution shifts outside the fixed light amount adjustment setting range in the rate sensor, the light amount is re-adjusted using the light amount from the previous light amount adjustment in the rate sensor as a starting reference. The light amount adjustment control method is characterized in that the average brown rice transmittance is guided within a certain light amount adjustment setting range by controlling.

(Function) When detecting the dehulling rate using the dehulling rate sensor, at the start of hulling work, a sample of the removed rice is passed through the dehulling rate sensor, and the transmitted light amount distribution by this sensor is measured. The light amount adjustment control of the sludge rate sensor is performed so that the average brown rice transmittance of this transmitted light amount distribution is guided within a preset appropriate light amount adjustment setting range.

In this way, the dehulling rate is detected by the dehulling rate sensor under the appropriate amount of light, and the dehulling rate of the huller is controlled. When the average brown rice transmittance is moved outside the above-mentioned constant light amount adjustment setting range, the light amount adjustment control of the removal rate sensor is performed again. At this time, the light intensity of the removal rate sensor is determined based on the light intensity determined by the previous light intensity adjustment as a starting standard, and is determined according to the amount of deviation from the light intensity adjustment setting range. The light amount when the light amount is guided within a certain light amount adjustment setting range becomes the appropriate light amount by re-light amount adjustment.

(Effects of the Invention) In this way, in the re-light amount adjustment control, the re-light amount adjustment control is automatically performed according to the amount of deviation from the light amount adjustment setting range, using the previously adjusted light amount as the adjustment start reference. From then, the light intensity adjustment time.

It is also possible to shorten the continuation of inappropriate blackout rate control until the adjustment is completed, and it is possible to quickly return to blackout rate control using an appropriate amount of light.

(Example) In the rotation, the huller is equipped with a pair of dehulling rolls 5 and 6 having a difference in rotational circumferential speed at the upper part of the machine body, as shown in FIG.
A paddy-hulling device 2 consisting of a paddy-hulling device 2, a paddy supply funnel 7 that supplies paddy to the hulling device 2, and a rotating sorting tube that sorts the crushed rice 3 removed by the hulling device 2 into brown rice G and paddy M. sorting device 8
In addition, a wind selection device 9 for wind-selecting the rice removed by the hulling device 2 is provided at the bottom of the machine.

Also, on one side of the machine, there is a dehulling rate control device 1 that controls the hulling.
0 is provided, and there is also provided a breaking rate sensor 1 which detects the breaking rate from some of the sampled grains of the washed rice while flowing down the sampled grains. Reference numeral 11 denotes a crushed rice grain lifting machine, which receives the crushed rice crushed by the hulling device 2 and the returned mixed rice sorted by the first sorting device 8, and sends the grain to this sorting device 8 for frying. . Reference numeral 12 denotes a brown rice frying machine, which is configured to receive and take out the brown rice that has been air-sorted by the brown rice wind-selecting device 13 below the sorting device 2. 14 is a dust extractor and each wind sorting device.

This is to suck and discharge the rice husks, dust, etc. that were wind-selected in step 13.9.

In FIG. 1, a removal rate control device 10 having a microcomputer CPU receives input from a removal rate sensor 1 and controls output of a gap control motor 15 that adjusts the roll gap between removal rolls 5 and 6. It is configured to do this. The removal rate sensor 1 allows the light emitted from the light emitting element 16 to the light receiving element 17 to pass through each sampling grain of the polished rice 3, thereby detecting the value of the light receiving element 17 when the sampled grains are irradiated. A rate control device that detects the amount of transmitted light received! 10.

The light amount control device 18 is provided as a part of the removal rate control device 10, and has a light amount adjustment output circuit 19 that automatically adjusts and controls the light amount of the light emitting element 16 by inverting the output voltage. 17, an input circuit 20 inputs the amount of transmitted light for each grain detected by 17, and a grain signal detection circuit 21 that detects a signal for each grain.
is provided, and the amount of light emitted by the light emitting element 16 is automatically adjusted and controlled so that it falls within a light amount adjustment setting range based on a preset reference voltage.

Regarding the arithmetic processing control of the removal rate in the removal rate control device 10, FIG. This figure shows a general form of a graphic transmittance particle number distribution curve (hereinafter referred to as transmitted light amount distribution) 4. The deactivation rate calculation process in this deactivation rate control device 10 is as follows.

(1) Graphic processing control of such transmitted light amount distribution 4 is performed.

(2) While creating this transmitted light amount distribution 4, the light amount is adjusted so that the brown rice average block value KG falls within the light amount adjustment setting range.

(3) From this transmitted light amount distribution 4, the brown rice average block value KO
and the paddy average block value KM are calculated and controlled.

(4) The calculation process is controlled using the boundary block value, which is the boundary position between brown rice G and paddy M in the transmitted light amount distribution 4, as a threshold value.

(5) With this threshold value K as a boundary, the threshing rate is calculated and controlled based on the number of sampled grains on the brown rice G side and the number of sampled grains on the paddy M side.

To explain this threshold value calculation control performed in each step in more detail, the transmittance of the amount of transmitted light is calculated for each block from 1 to N from the maximum transmittance to the minimum transmittance as shown in Figure 3. It is classified into N. Therefore, the number of grains sampled twice is set to 200, for example.
0 grains, the detection time by the removal rate sensor 1 is 20 seconds,
The number of blocks N is 63 blocks. Further, the output voltage corresponding to each average amount of transmitted light among the total number of blocks N is set to be output as a signal voltage of 0 to 10V (volt).

The brown rice average block value KG is the average value of brown rice, and this calculation is based on the number of grains when the number of brown rice grains is the peak value in Figure 3, and from this reference grain number, a fixed value n (for example, 25 grains) is calculated. ), the sum of the block light intensity integration for the number of grains within the range of
The value shall be divided by the added value of the number of grains. That is, the average amount of transmitted light per grain of brown rice at its peak value is determined. In this case, if there are less than 10 blocks, for example, where the number of grains below the peak value is n=25 or more, the calculation is performed in the same manner as above as the top 10 blocks.

The paddy average block value KM is the average value of paddy, and in this calculation, the maximum block is a block obtained by cutting, for example, 5 grains from the paddy side of the total number of sampled grains (2000 grains), and a certain block ( For example, the value obtained by dividing the added value of the light amount integration of 1o block) by the added value of the number of particles. That is,
The average amount of transmitted light per grain of rice M peak value portion is determined.

In this way, when the average block value KO of brown rice and the average block value KM of paddy are obtained, the threshold value K which is the boundary block value is determined by each average block value KG, KM.
is calculated using the following formula.

K= (KM-KG)

Less than 100 grains...k=0.55100~14
9 grains ・・・k=0.47150 grains or more ・k=0
．． 40 When calculating the removal rate from the distribution of the sample grains of polished rice, the distribution for the transmittance of the light emitted by the removal rate sensor 1 is as follows:
The distribution pattern is not one in which brown rice G and paddy M are completely separated, but a distribution in which the two are phase-polymerized close to the threshold.
The threshold value K determines the accuracy of the calculated defect rate. By taking advantage of the fact that the number of grains in the upper block on the rice side changes depending on the actual shedding rate, and adjusting the position of the boundary block according to the number of grains, the accuracy of the calculated shedding rate relative to the actual shedding rate can be improved. I can do it.

Once the threshold value K is determined in this way, for example, the ratio of the total number of grains of brown rice G on the brown rice side is calculated from the threshold value K to the total number of grains sampled (2000 grains) as shown in the following equation. ■ Rate.

Elimination rate = ((total number of grains sampled - total number of grains in blocks above the threshold value)/total number of grains sampled) x 100
(%) When the removal rate is calculated in this way, the gap control motor 15 is outputted to adjust the roll gap so that the calculated removal rate becomes the set removal rate.

The light amount adjustment control will be explained with reference to FIG. The transmitted light amount distribution 4 is moved in the horizontal direction by changing the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element 16 of the exfoliation rate sensor 1. Brown rice G and paddy M
A light intensity adjustment setting range suitable for discrimination is determined in advance, and when the brown rice average block value KG, which is the peak value of the brown rice average block of transmittance distribution 4, falls within this light intensity adjustment setting range, the removal rate The control structure is configured so that the light amount adjustment control of the sensor 1 is completed.

Based on the signal of the sampling grains of the polished rice 3 that actually pass through, the sensor light amount of the removal rate sensor 1 is adjusted to an appropriate light amount.

The signal of the sampling grain is divided into N divisions as a signal voltage (O ~ 10V), the frequency of each block in each division is calculated and expressed as a frequency distribution, and the voltage of the brown rice average block value KG of transmitted light amount distribution 4, which is the maximum frequency, is calculated. Regarded as the average signal voltage of brown rice. The light amount of the sensor is adjusted and outputted by the light amount control device 18 in the removal rate control device 10 so that the brown rice voltage falls within an appropriate range.The light amount of the sensor is increased and brightened by the light amount adjustment output. (FF → 00 in light quantity dollar
), the transmitted light amount distribution 4 moves to the low signal voltage side, and when the sensor light amount is decreased and darkened (00→FF), it moves to the high signal voltage side. In the initial setting, the light amount data is cleared, so the signal voltage on the darkest side is 10V (FF
) and move it by ΔB while checking the subsequent distribution state to position it within the light amount adjustment setting range, which is the appropriate light amount range.

This light amount adjustment control is performed by calculating the difference ΔB between the block value NC at the center position of the light amount adjustment setting range and the brown rice average block value NB of the four curves of the transmitted light amount distribution before adjustment.
By adjusting the output from the output circuit 19 under a constant changing light amount, the brown rice average block value KG of the transmitted light amount distribution 4 curve is moved from NB to NC, and this brown rice average block value KG becomes the light amount. When the adjustment setting range is entered, the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element 16 to the light receiving element 17 is determined.

The light amount adjustment control will be explained in more detail. Light amount adjustment control device! Reference numeral 18 is for adjusting the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element 16 of the removal rate sensor 1 to be appropriate.
This light amount adjustment control is divided into an initial light amount adjustment control that is performed initially, and a re-light amount adjustment control that is performed after this adjustment.

The initial light amount adjustment further includes a grain interruption signal process in which the light amount is adjusted in a state where the removal rate sensor 1 can detect the interruption of the crushed rice;
A fixed number of grains (batch processing) from the state where it is possible to detect rice grains
A constant grain number process in which the light amount is adjusted until a transmitted light amount distribution is created by counting the number of grains, and a transmitted light amount distribution 4 that is created based on the detection of this fixed amount of rice is further set to an appropriate light amount adjustment setting. In order to move within the range, the transmitted light amount distribution is divided into a movement process (FIG. 4) in which the amount of transmitted light is sequentially increased at a constant pitch from the minimum amount of light.

With such initial light amount adjustment control, after -1 appropriate light amount adjustment is performed, a part of the polished rice is supplied within the light projection area of the removal rate sensor 1 during the removal rate control, The transmitted light amount distribution 4 is created every 1, for example, 2000 grains (real-time processing). When the average brown rice transmittance of this transmitted light amount distribution 4, that is, the brown rice average block value KG, is within the light amount adjustment setting range, the removal rate is calculated, but this brown rice average block value KG is When moving outside the light intensity adjustment setting range, the light 'JtWA clause control device! ! 1
8, the output voltage is adjusted again, and the transmitted light amount distribution 4 is moved and adjusted so that the brown rice average block value KG falls within the center of the light amount adjustment setting range, and the light amount adjustment control is performed again. The amount of light is newly determined by the output voltage from the output circuit 19 (FIGS. 5 and 6).

When re-adjusting the light amount is performed sequentially in this way, the previous light amount is used as the reference for the adjustment.

In addition, the light intensity adjustment setting range in such initial light intensity adjustment control and re-light intensity adjustment control is, for example, a block value (block number) of 20 to 20, and the brown rice average block value is based on the detected transmitted light intensity distribution 4. Calculated as the average value (value obtained by dividing the sum of the number of grains x block value by the total number of grains in the block) in which there is a certain range (peak grain number - number of grains of n or more) from the peak value of Ru. However, in the initial light amount adjustment control and the re-light amount adjustment control, the number of grains for distribution determination is 500 grains (set for batch processing) and 2000 grains (set for real time processing).

-The value of n grains is different.

When calculating the paddy average block value KM from the transmitted light amount distribution 4,
When the removal rate is high, the number of grains of paddy is small, so the distribution of paddy block values becomes flat (B in Fig. 7), and the average paddy block value KM approaches the brown rice side. For this reason, the calculation omission rate becomes low. Paddy average block value KM
is easily influenced by variations in the maximum block value of this transmitted light amount distribution 4, so as mentioned above, a certain number of grains (for example, 5
The block value Am obtained by cutting the grain size is set as the maximum block, and the average is calculated using a certain range of blocks D (for example, D = 10) below this value, thereby suppressing the variation in the maximum block (A in Fig. 7). )but,
When the removal rate is high, the number of grains of paddy decreases in B.
If the same number of grains are cut, the average value of the paddy will be small, the threshold will be closer to the brown rice side, and the shedding rate will be lower.

Therefore, in such case B, if the number of grains in the block within a certain range C from the maximum block value BM of the amount of transmitted light is less than a certain number, by reducing the number of grains to be cut (5 grains) as described above. , the average is calculated using blocks in a certain range E on the lower side than the cut block value Bm, and the average paddy block value KM is not made small so that the calculated dropout rate does not become low.

Alternatively, the number of grains to be cut (5 grains) may be the same, but the block range E for determining the average block value of paddy may be made smaller than above.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a control block diagram, Figs. 2 and 3 are graphs of the transmitted light amount distribution in the removal rate sensor, and Figs. 4 and 5 are transmitted light amount adjustment control. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the control operation, FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the paddy block portion of the transmitted light amount distribution graph, and FIG. 8 is a slope view of the huller. (Explanation of symbols) 5゜G M De-■ rate sensor 2 Rice removed 4 6 De-roll 16 Light amount control device 19 Brown rice M Threshold Brown rice average block value Paddy average block value Light amount adjustment setting range Hulling device transmitted light amount distribution Light emitting element output circuit

Claims (1)

[Claims] The de-graining rate sensor calculates the dehulling rate by determining the threshold value, which is the boundary between paddy and brown rice, based on the distribution of the amount of transmitted light by the sensor illumination while allowing the rice to pass through the sensor illumination area. Since the average of the brown rice transmittance in the transmitted light amount distribution has shifted outside the fixed light amount adjustment setting range, the light amount adjustment control is performed again using the light amount from the previous light amount adjustment in the black rate sensor as a starting reference, A light amount adjustment control method characterized by guiding the average brown rice transmittance within a certain light amount adjustment setting range.